Solar Compass最新文献

{"title":"Experimental investigation of single slope solar still for culinary wastewater treatment","authors":"Karthick Uthappan ,&nbsp;Subramanian Murugesan ,&nbsp;Ganesh Karuppasamy ,&nbsp;Karthickmunisamy Thangavel","doi":"10.1016/j.solcom.2024.100095","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.solcom.2024.100095","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Solar still desalination (SD) offers a sustainable method for purifying contaminated water, despite its productivity limitations. This study proposes an effective treatment process for culinary wastewater (CWW), multilayer-filtered culinary wastewater (MFCWW), and borewell water. We conducted a comprehensive experimental analysis comparing key SD characteristics, including evaporative heat transfer, efficiency, productivity, exergy, and water quality parameters, across these water sources. Our findings reveal that integrating multilayer filtration with CWW significantly improves efficiency, productivity, turbidity reduction, and hardness removal compared with untreated CWW. Notably, MFCWW has emerged as the most promising modification, demonstrating enhanced solar still performance over conventional SD processes. This study highlights the potential of combining multilayer filtration with solar desalination as an innovative approach to improve water purification outcomes, particularly for culinary wastewater treatment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101173,"journal":{"name":"Solar Compass","volume":"12 ","pages":"Article 100095"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142573514","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Opportunities to Enhance sCO2 Power Cycle Turbomachinery with Bearingless Motor/Generators","authors":"Takahiro Noguchi ,&nbsp;WaiYan Chan ,&nbsp;Nathan Petersen ,&nbsp;Logan Rapp ,&nbsp;Eric Severson","doi":"10.1016/j.solcom.2024.100094","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.solcom.2024.100094","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Thermal power cycles using sCO₂ as a working fluid place extreme demands on their turbomachinery components and their electric motors/generators. In this paper, new system topologies for sCO₂ turbomachinery are proposed which take advantage of “bearingless” electric machine technology to improve performance. Bearingless motors/generators are a new type of electric machine which integrate the functionality of active magnetic bearings into the existing hardware of an electric motor/generator. The existing electromagnetic surfaces and materials are reused to enable controllable production of radial forces on the machine shaft. This is envisioned to improve hermetic direct-drive turbomachinery systems by either augmenting existing bearings (i.e., bearing assist) or replacing existing bearings (i.e., bearing removal). The state-of-the-art technologies for several bearing types (gas foil bearings, externally pressurized porous (EPP) gas bearings, and active magnetic bearings) and electric machines are reviewed to motivate the introduction of bearingless technology. Two system designs using bearingless machines are proposed and compared against existing commercial solutions in terms of maximum shaft weight, number of passthroughs into the hermetic environment, cost, and complexity. A case-study bearingless motor/generator is assessed via simulations and a hardware prototype to investigate practical considerations for using bearingless technology in sCO₂ turbomachinery. The proposed bearingless solutions have potential to enable a new generation of sCO₂ turbomachinery with improved reliability, reduced complexity, and lower cost. This paper shows that by transforming the motor/generator already present in turbomachinery into a bearingless motor/generator, the technical challenges involved with sCO₂ can be overcome without adding significant cost.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101173,"journal":{"name":"Solar Compass","volume":"12 ","pages":"Article 100094"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142446148","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Energy enhancement of building-integrated photovoltaic/thermal systems: A systematic review","authors":"Hussein A. Kazem ,&nbsp;Miqdam T. Chaichan ,&nbsp;Ali H.A. Al-Waeli ,&nbsp;K. Sopian ,&nbsp;Naser W. Alnaser ,&nbsp;Waheeb E. Alnaser","doi":"10.1016/j.solcom.2024.100093","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.solcom.2024.100093","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In urban areas with limited space, harnessing renewable energy, especially solar energy, can be a challenge. However, we can overcome this obstacle by using building facades to generate energy. Buildings significantly contribute to global energy consumption and greenhouse gas emissions. They require energy for various processes, both electrical and thermal. To address this, we can use photovoltaic/thermal (PV/T) systems, which can simultaneously produce electrical and thermal energies. By circulating a working fluid within the system, the surface temperatures of PV panels can be reduced, improving electrical efficiency. Integrating PV/T systems into building facades, known as building-integrated PV/T (BIPV/T) systems, enables efficient energy production and enhances the overall energy consumption of buildings.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101173,"journal":{"name":"Solar Compass","volume":"12 ","pages":"Article 100093"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142425078","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Application of three Transformer neural networks for short-term photovoltaic power prediction: A case study","authors":"Jiahao Wu ,&nbsp;Yongkai Zhao ,&nbsp;Ruihan Zhang ,&nbsp;Xin Li ,&nbsp;Yuxin Wu","doi":"10.1016/j.solcom.2024.100089","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.solcom.2024.100089","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In order to solve the potential safety hazards caused by the fluctuation of photovoltaic (PV) power generation, it is necessary to predict it in advance and take countermeasures as soon as possible. Based on the three models of vanilla Transformer, Informer, and Autoformer, this paper considers three prediction scenarios: zero-cost prediction, low-cost prediction, and high-cost prediction, and realizes the power prediction under two prediction horizons of 4 h and 24 h for a matrix of a centralized PV power station in Hubei Province, China. The results of some configurations meet the industry-recommended metric requirements, and the overall performance of the vanilla Transformer is better than Informer and Autoformer. After comparing the three models and different prediction intervals, and considering the practical industrial demand, this paper gives recommended configurations for both 4 h and 24 h predictions. The practical rolling prediction performance of the recommended configurations demonstrates the applicability and flexibility of the proposed methods.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101173,"journal":{"name":"Solar Compass","volume":"12 ","pages":"Article 100089"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772940024000237/pdfft?md5=594e66ba68e3b10bd886384b21fc172f&pid=1-s2.0-S2772940024000237-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142238479","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Supporting strategy for investment evaluation of photovoltaic power generation engineering projects using multi-criteria decision analysis methods","authors":"Panagiotis Raptis ,&nbsp;Georgios Aretoulis","doi":"10.1016/j.solcom.2024.100092","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.solcom.2024.100092","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This scientific study examines the evaluation of photovoltaic power generation projects through the application of multi-criteria decision analysis methods. Two groups of large-scale grid-connected PV power generation system projects with a nominal power of 50 MW and 500 MW respectively were analyzed and evaluated. These systems were designed to be installed in the same wider geographical area in northern Greece, but they were differentiated in the part of the PV circuit. Twelve systems were analyzed in which either monocrystalline silicon panels or poly-crystalline silicon panels or bifacial photovoltaic panels were to be installed. In these systems either central photovoltaic inverters or photovoltaic string inverters were considered for installation. The following criteria were used to evaluate the investment in these projects. These criteria were related to the profitability, the financial cost, the technical level, and the electrical energy production of the systems and these were the initial investment cost, the operation and maintenance cost, the levelized cost of electricity, the net present value, the internal rate of return, the capital recovery or payback period, the technical level of the photovoltaic circuit, the technical maturity of the photovoltaic circuit, and the annual electricity production. The evaluation of these criteria was initially conducted with fixed weighting coefficients followed by a sensitivity analysis of these weighting coefficients. The results of the evaluation using the PROMETHEE, AHP and TOPSIS multi-criteria decision analysis methods showed that the PV power generation systems which should be preferred are those with increased nominal power, where monocrystalline silicon technology panels are employed following the central inverter topology.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101173,"journal":{"name":"Solar Compass","volume":"12 ","pages":"Article 100092"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772940024000262/pdfft?md5=330f3b7b5a6de4073d3dd53d403fe758&pid=1-s2.0-S2772940024000262-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142272415","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessing economic viability and environmental impact of solar-powered EV charging station in Gazipur, Bangladesh: A case study","authors":"M. Naem Hossain ,&nbsp;Muhammad Mahmood Hasan ,&nbsp;M. Ahsan Habib ,&nbsp;Fatin Bin Ferdous ,&nbsp;Sazid Rahman","doi":"10.1016/j.solcom.2024.100091","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.solcom.2024.100091","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Due to technological advancement and modernization, the demand for Electric Vehicles (EVs) is rising. In Bangladesh, there is a growing demand for electric vehicles such as auto-rickshaws and easy bikes, and electric automobiles will be familiar soon. The demand for electrically powered vehicles is increasing in response to growing environmental concerns; it helps balance the greenhouse effect and global warming. Solar-based charging systems are becoming increasingly popular due to their low greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. The CO₂ emissions produced by solar-based EV charging systems are lower than those produced by coal-based chargers. Moreover, the Government of Bangladesh wants to accomplish Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 7 by 2030 by increasing the proportion of accessible, cutting-edge, renewable energy sources. This study investigates and analyses the technological, economic, and ecological viability of a solar PV power plant in Bangladesh for charging EVs. This study examined solar-based EV charging stations, which generate 36,785.76 MWh of electricity for 20 years of their lifetime and are used to charge EVs. Furthermore, the net present value (NPV) is USD 652,656.80, the initial investment is USD 1,365,300, the Internal Rate of Return (IRR) is 11.70 %, and the Payback Period (PBP) is 7.2 years. Approximately per day, 250 battery-operated three-wheeler EVs can be charged using the generated electricity. In addition, the project will prevent the emission of 24,013.86 tons of CO₂, 251.25 tons of SO₂, 63.39 tons of NO_x, and 12.55 tons of CO. Eliminating these GHG emissions may also aid Bangladesh in achieving SDG 13.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101173,"journal":{"name":"Solar Compass","volume":"12 ","pages":"Article 100091"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772940024000250/pdfft?md5=3efd21fc4512d52d7f9924b302fbe9c6&pid=1-s2.0-S2772940024000250-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142229629","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessing property value impacts near utility-scale solar in the Midwestern United States","authors":"Simeng Hao,&nbsp;Gilbert Michaud","doi":"10.1016/j.solcom.2024.100090","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.solcom.2024.100090","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Utility-scale solar energy project proposals have been accelerating exponentially in the United States (U.S.) as the energy transition from fossil fuels to renewables continues to unfold. While the emissions and economic related benefits of deploying large-scale solar photovoltaics (PV) for electricity generation are well documented, relatively less is known about their impact on nearby property values. This paper investigates the location of utility-scale solar facilities in the U.S. Midwest, the average home value in each relevant zip code, and whether the presence of a utility-scale solar project affects nearby property values in any manner. Our study includes 70 utility-scale solar facilities built in the Midwest from 2009 to 2022 using data from the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory. Alongside housing value data from Zillow (i.e., Zestimate), we incorporate additional data, including solar project size in installed capacity, rurality, and state. Using the difference-in-differences method, our results indicate that utility-scale solar projects increase nearby property values by roughly 0.5–2.0 %. Moreover, our results show that smaller projects have more of a positive impact on nearby property values than projects that are 20 megawatts or larger. Ultimately, having a better understanding of how these larger-scale solar projects impact property values is essential for a variety of stakeholders – especially local officials and property owners – as they are increasingly faced with making decisions about whether to permit the construction of these facilities in their communities.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101173,"journal":{"name":"Solar Compass","volume":"12 ","pages":"Article 100090"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772940024000249/pdfft?md5=a2acc8462d8008eddfeadb3c47a00e75&pid=1-s2.0-S2772940024000249-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142173654","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Decarbonizing the electricity sector using terawatt-scale interconnected photovoltaic power grids to meet the climate goals: A comprehensive review and a strategic roadmap","authors":"Saikat Ghosh ,&nbsp;Jatindra Nath Roy ,&nbsp;Chandan Chakraborty","doi":"10.1016/j.solcom.2024.100088","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.solcom.2024.100088","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>High scalability and quick deployability of solar photovoltaic (PV) make it an ideal candidate for rapid decarbonization of electricity. The typical SPV generation profile and power grids designed for conventional power plants (PP) are the major obstacles to maximizing SPV utilization. While energy storage systems (ESS) are often deemed critical, scalable ESS are site-limited, highly dependent on rare-earth elements, and either have higher embodied energy and emissions or low round-trip efficiencies. This manuscript demonstrates that by strategically interconnecting SPV power plants longitudinally, PV can meet base load demands and extend availability beyond peak-solar hours, thereby reducing the need for ESS and replacing existing carbon-intensive electricity infrastructure. It is demonstrated by modelling two 12 GW longitudinally separated transmission lines interconnecting SPVPPs situated 40° (case-1) and 90° (case-2) apart can provide PV electricity beyond solar hours for 4.69 and 7.33 equivalent hours (daily average), respectively. For cases 1 and 2, the lithium battery-ESS route can result in 4.76 and 3.35 times more carbon emissions and cost 4.23 and 2.98 times more than the transmission route, respectively, for providing the same energy over the transmission line's 40-year lifespan. Technologies such as multi-terminal ultra-high-voltage-DC grids, hybrid superconductive cables, new semiconductor materials for PV and energy systems, etc. are explored for the globally interconnected solar grid. Findings suggest 90 TWp of PV capacity can supply a significant portion of world's energy demand by 2050. This study outlines a comprehensive approach to build a sustainable and interconnected global solar energy infrastructure that aligns with climate objectives.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101173,"journal":{"name":"Solar Compass","volume":"12 ","pages":"Article 100088"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142326672","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Technical, economic and environmental assessment and optimization of four hybrid renewable energy models for rural electrification","authors":"Kelvin Nkalo Ukoima ,&nbsp;Okoro Ogbonnaya Inya ,&nbsp;Akuru Udochukwu Bola ,&nbsp;Davidson Innocent Ewean","doi":"10.1016/j.solcom.2024.100087","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.solcom.2024.100087","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This work investigates the technical, economic and environmental feasibility of four solar – wind off grid hybrid renewable energy system (HRES) models to provide electrification for Okorobo-Ile town in Andoni Local Government Area of River State, Nigeria using the Hybrid Optimization of Multiple Electric Renewables (HOMER) software. In particular, investigation of the possible inclusion of a fuel cell (FC) system is performed. The four considered models are: pv/wind/battery (PWB); pv/wind/battery/gen-set (PWBG), pv/wind/fuel-cell (PWF) and pv/wind/battery/fuel-cell (PWBF). The best cost-effective configuration among the set of systems were examined for the electricity requirement of 677.75 kWh/day primary load with 99.1 kW peak load. Results obtained showed that the net present cost (NPC) are $615,664.95, $679,348.17, $778,834.22 and $3,534,850.54 respectively for the PWB, PWBG, PWBF and PWF. The cost of energy (COE) was lowest for the PWB with a value of $$0.158 and highest for the PWF with a value of $0.964. The renewable options—PWBF and PWF have higher long-term costs but offer cleaner emissions. In contrast, options with the Diesel-Powered Generator is cost-effective but has a high environmental impact in terms of greenhouse gas emissions and noise pollution. These emissions include 3,758 kg/yr CO₂, 23.7 kg/yr CO and a total of 32.67 kg/yr of unburned hydrocarbons, sulfur dioxide, particulate matter and nitrogen oxides. Based on the results, a stand - alone HRES that consist of 166 kW PV panels, 3 wind turbines 29 batteries and 123 kW converter is found to be the best configuration for the village, as it leads to minimum net present cost (NPC) and COE. The PWB system offers the best choice for the community by balancing financial considerations with sustainability which is crucial when making energy system choices. Results also show that while hydrogen, FC system and the electrolyzer can be used together with or without batteries, inclusion of the FC system resulted in the high NPC due to their high cost of investment.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101173,"journal":{"name":"Solar Compass","volume":"12 ","pages":"Article 100087"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772940024000213/pdfft?md5=c0f26d79aa639cbe5300db871badcdaf&pid=1-s2.0-S2772940024000213-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142097823","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Role of energy efficiency in energy transition: A decomposition analysis of energy use","authors":"Pooja Sharma","doi":"10.1016/j.solcom.2024.100086","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.solcom.2024.100086","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The use of energy-efficient technologies tends to reduce the overall energy use of a country and foster the energy transition pathways. However, a change in energy can occur either due to a change in activity effect, intensity effect, or structural effect. The objective of the study is firstly to examine and measure the magnitude of change in energy use and identify the factor responsible for the change in energy use in the selected sectors. Secondly, the paper aims to analyze the impact of the Norwegian economy on the three effects of energy use. The study contributes significantly to identifying the sector that experiences a reduction in energy use due to energy efficiency and examining the impact of the economy on energy use. The overall energy use between 1990 and 2017 is decomposed into three different effects for selected energy-intensive sectors by deploying the ‘Logarithmic Mean Divisia Index’ (LMDI) method. Further, the impact of the Norwegian economy is examined on the three effects of energy use. It is observed that in each Phase, the key driver for change in energy use in all three Phases is the transport sector. Post-recession, the energy use in the transport sector was due to structural effects. Consumer behavior and limitations of sources of finance are the challenges for the deployment of electric vehicles even after technological breakthroughs in energy efficiency. Finally, the policies to enhance energy efficiency in energy-intensive sectors, such as the transport, and services sector must be undertaken to efficiently visualize energy efficiency-driven energy transition.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101173,"journal":{"name":"Solar Compass","volume":"12 ","pages":"Article 100086"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772940024000201/pdfft?md5=f2464f079d87cb62cbc003c929585683&pid=1-s2.0-S2772940024000201-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142150800","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}