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Thought Work: The Hesitant Transition to Nationalism in China's 1980s 思想工作：20世纪80年代中国向民族主义的犹豫过渡
Sociology Lens Pub Date : 2023-06-20 DOI: 10.1111/johs.12428
Luyang Zhou
{"title":"Thought Work: The Hesitant Transition to Nationalism in China's 1980s","authors":"Luyang Zhou","doi":"10.1111/johs.12428","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/johs.12428","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Many scholars note that since the early 1990s, the CCP has been invoking Chinese nationalism to rescue the party's declining ideological legitimacy. Probing China's political indoctrination (thought work), this article makes two contributions to such conventional consensus. First, empirically it argues that the rise of nationalism in the 1990s was not altogether new. Instead, from the early 1980s, the CCP had been switching to “patriotism.” Second, this article argues that the communist regime's transition to nationalism was hesitant. It was an interactive process whereby multiple layers of the society and elite, confused alike, worked together to explore whether and how to embrace nationalism. The nation-building also bore the imprint of the revolutionary and state-socialist past. This article suggests that though the nation-state has become the dominant political format of the world, as a pattern it fuses with a society's traditions, preconditions, and internal struggles. Such fusions made nation-building in the non-Western world unseparated from quasi-national legacies such as revolution and socialism and could yield consequences other than capitalism and democracy.</p>","PeriodicalId":101168,"journal":{"name":"Sociology Lens","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50138773","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
A Structure/Process Approach to Legitimacy: A Local Official's Selection and Legitimation of a Tax Policy in Mid-Late Ming Dynasty China 合法性的结构/过程方法——明代中后期地方官员税收政策的选择与合法化
Sociology Lens Pub Date : 2023-06-20 DOI: 10.1111/johs.12429
Zetao Chen
{"title":"A Structure/Process Approach to Legitimacy: A Local Official's Selection and Legitimation of a Tax Policy in Mid-Late Ming Dynasty China","authors":"Zetao Chen","doi":"10.1111/johs.12429","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/johs.12429","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Most studies on the connection between the legitimacy of an authority and its policy selection and legitimation follow a structure approach to legitimacy, which recognises an authoritative actor's selection and legitimation of a policy as determined by the subjects' collective commitment to values. Consequently, it cannot empirically explain policy variation under collective commitment to values and changes in those values. Building on existing processual theories and following the conceptualisation of legitimacy as a social process, this study proposes an integral process approach to legitimacy whereby an authority selects and legitimises a perceived legitimate policy towards subjects. Drawing on findings from a negative case methodology applied to the selection and legitimation of a tax policy by an official in Ming China, this study offers substantive content for an integral process approach to legitimacy. It develops the state legitimacy concept and contributes to emerging theories on the legitimacy dimension of fiscal state formation. Empirically, this study illustrates how the data from the nationwide field survey in mid-late Ming China were used in tax collection at the local level and illuminates the discrepancies between the survey data and that recorded in local official tax registers.</p>","PeriodicalId":101168,"journal":{"name":"Sociology Lens","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50138772","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Coffee Shop Owners as Unexpected Tourist Guides in İstanbul's Fener, Balat, and Ayvansaray Neighbourhoods 咖啡店老板在伊斯坦布尔的芬纳、巴拉特和艾万萨雷社区成为意外的导游
Sociology Lens Pub Date : 2023-04-25 DOI: 10.1111/johs.12422
İlhan Zeynep Karakılıç, Ayşe Nilüfer Narlı
{"title":"Coffee Shop Owners as Unexpected Tourist Guides in İstanbul's Fener, Balat, and Ayvansaray Neighbourhoods","authors":"İlhan Zeynep Karakılıç,&nbsp;Ayşe Nilüfer Narlı","doi":"10.1111/johs.12422","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/johs.12422","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This study aims to understand how the durability of the past may be visible in a place whose past is constantly reinterpreted and unintentionally remade by coffee shop owners in their conversations with their customers in the framework of ongoing economic transformations while they weave their own identities into that of the neighbourhood. In the absence of any readily available information about the history of the area, the coffee shop owners of the Fener, Balat, and Ayvansaray neighbourhoods of İstanbul interpret the cosmopolitan past of the area within the limitations of the materiality of these neighbourhoods under the influence of economic conditions. In this respect, while this article shows how social memory is commodified and tamed for daily usage, it also argues that it is a process that includes different actors and their interpretations, and that this process is bounded by the materiality and durability of the past.</p>","PeriodicalId":101168,"journal":{"name":"Sociology Lens","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/johs.12422","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50143147","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
A New Reading of the Ẓāhir and Bāṭin of History in Al-Muqaddima by Ibn Khaldun 对Ẓāhir和Bāṭ伊本·哈尔顿的《穆卡迪玛的历史》
Sociology Lens Pub Date : 2023-04-18 DOI: 10.1111/johs.12397
Lilian Abou-Tabickh
{"title":"A New Reading of the Ẓāhir and Bāṭin of History in Al-Muqaddima by Ibn Khaldun","authors":"Lilian Abou-Tabickh","doi":"10.1111/johs.12397","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/johs.12397","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This essay offers a new interpretation of the terms <i>ẓāhir</i> and <i>bāṭin</i> in <i>Al</i>-<i>Muqaddima</i> based on Ibn Khaldun's philosophy of language and rhetorical style. It shows that the figurative phrase <i>fī bāṭinihi</i>, followed by the term <i>naẓar</i>, implies that <i>bāṭin</i> is where historians should look to verify their information. On this reading, <i>bāṭin</i> denotes human association and its “essential conditions”. The terms also imply that there is reason in the <i>bāṭin</i> of history. Polities are at the core of history and its study, and politics requires reason to conduct. In this context, <i>bāṭin</i> is the content and substance of history, which refers to political organization and the range of rational actions required for the management of society. The <i>ẓāhir</i> of history, on the other hand, refers to the expression where the conditions of speech need to conform to the conditions in human association. This interpretation underscores the role of choice in <i>Al-Muqaddima</i> and challenges the determinism prevalent in the secondary literature.</p>","PeriodicalId":101168,"journal":{"name":"Sociology Lens","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50145296","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
On Decolonizing Curriculums: The Unethicality and Implications of Western Knowledge on Arab Subjectivity 论课程的非殖民化：西方知识对阿拉伯人主体性的不道德性及其启示
Sociology Lens Pub Date : 2023-04-13 DOI: 10.1111/johs.12419
Ghada Alatrash
{"title":"On Decolonizing Curriculums: The Unethicality and Implications of Western Knowledge on Arab Subjectivity","authors":"Ghada Alatrash","doi":"10.1111/johs.12419","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/johs.12419","url":null,"abstract":"<p>In this essay (originally delivered as a lecture at Alberta University of the Arts), my thoughts are centered around the question of the ethics of knowledge as an Arab racialized pedagogue and researcher in Western academia. Today, as I grapple with the notion of decolonization, I wish to think about the ways in which knowledge, or what is deemed as knowledge, is read and inscribed, interpreted, distorted, and even silenced in our epistemologies, and of its implications on my subjectivity as an Arab. I wish to think about how this knowledge also constitutes the ethics on which we knowingly, or unknowingly, participate in the everydayness of our lived realities; I suggest that we engage in “epistemic resistance” and “epistemic activism” as “practices of interrogation and resistance that unmask, disrupt, uproot biases and insensitivity.”</p>","PeriodicalId":101168,"journal":{"name":"Sociology Lens","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50130571","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The Polarization of Traumas and Selective Remembering: Competing Political Memories of Military Coups in Contemporary Turkey 创伤的两极分化与选择性记忆——当代土耳其军事政变的竞争性政治记忆
Sociology Lens Pub Date : 2023-04-05 DOI: 10.1111/johs.12421
Ayse Nilüfer Narlı, Kaya Akyıldız, Tuba Bircan
{"title":"The Polarization of Traumas and Selective Remembering: Competing Political Memories of Military Coups in Contemporary Turkey","authors":"Ayse Nilüfer Narlı,&nbsp;Kaya Akyıldız,&nbsp;Tuba Bircan","doi":"10.1111/johs.12421","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/johs.12421","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Based on a national survey funded by the TÜBİTAK SOBAG Program, conducted with 1,957 respondents in 12 cities during 2013-2014, this article examines the political memory of the 1960, 1971, 1980, and 1997 coups by describing the memories and accompanying emotions of Turkish adults. It then explains how differences in remembering and not remembering the coups are related to demographic, socio-cultural, political identity, and fear variables. The data reveals diverse, multidirectional, and contesting coup memory patterns. While religiosity was associated with the memories of the 1960 and 1997 coups, self-declared conservatism, modernity, political identity, political fears differed across the republican/secular and conservative/Islamist divides. The multidirectional and polarized remembering is largely a reflection of the current political context of a polarized memory regime instilled by the ruling Justice and Development Party from the basis of the 1990s′ memory landscape, which was filled with diverse and competing narratives that challenged early republican political memories.</p>","PeriodicalId":101168,"journal":{"name":"Sociology Lens","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50121544","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
From Right to Responsibility: Resonance and Radicalism in Feminist-Led Reproductive Control Movements, 1905-1942 从权利到责任：1905-1942年女权主义主导的生殖控制运动中的共鸣与激进主义
Sociology Lens Pub Date : 2023-04-04 DOI: 10.1111/johs.12420
Margaret R. Eby
{"title":"From Right to Responsibility: Resonance and Radicalism in Feminist-Led Reproductive Control Movements, 1905-1942","authors":"Margaret R. Eby","doi":"10.1111/johs.12420","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/johs.12420","url":null,"abstract":"<p>How do leaders of social movements leverage resonance and radicalism to achieve movement goals? As eugenics gained prominence from the end of the 19th century through World War II, feminist leaders of contraceptive access movements pushed for the acceptance of birth control simultaneously as a right for women and as a tool to further racist, ableist and ethnonationalist eugenic interventions. This paper analyzes the trajectories of two feminist birth control activists in the United States and Germany to trace the development and divergence of their movements alongside eugenics through three general framings over the first half of the 20th century: advocating the individual, advancing humanity, and augmenting the state. This research uses personal papers and social movement records to show that these cases present a kind of double resonance through which movement leaders could reframe reproductive control as a solution not only to the problems of their audiences, but also legitimize their politics and identities. By contextualizing eugenics alongside neo-Malthusianism, birth control, abortion, and reproductive governance, this analysis helps to map reproductive control as a device historically wielded by white feminists to organize broader political support to fit varying and contradictory ideological projects.</p>","PeriodicalId":101168,"journal":{"name":"Sociology Lens","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/johs.12420","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50119912","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Colonial Scholars and Anti-Colonial Agents: Politics of Academic Knowledge Production Between the West Indies and London in the Mid-20th Century 殖民学者与反殖民代理人：20世纪中期西印度群岛与伦敦学术知识生产的政治
Sociology Lens Pub Date : 2023-03-25 DOI: 10.1111/johs.12417
Meta Cramer
{"title":"Colonial Scholars and Anti-Colonial Agents: Politics of Academic Knowledge Production Between the West Indies and London in the Mid-20th Century","authors":"Meta Cramer","doi":"10.1111/johs.12417","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/johs.12417","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This paper analyses the socio-spatial entanglement of West Indian anti-colonial knowledge production in the mid-20<sup>th</sup> century existing <i>between</i> London and the Caribbean. This is interpreted as a case of the paradoxical politics of academic knowledge production in that British imperial policies that were constraining knowledge production in the West Indies were also seen as facilitating anti-colonial awareness and work in London by West Indian actors. Research demonstrating the importance of the metropole as a meeting place for global anti-colonial actors is complemented by shifting the focus to the entangled space <i>between</i> London and the West Indies. This article comparatively analyses the academic politics of the British Colonial Office – a spatial dislocation of knowledge production away from the West Indies – and its perception and challenge by Caribbean intellectuals who were temporarily based in London. The analysis builds on contributions by C.L.R. James and S. Wynter and their reflections on the institutionalisation of research in the West Indies and their experiences in London. Overall, I emphasise a relational and symmetrising analysis of knowledge production in imperial contexts that accounts for the entanglement of imperial politics in the metropole and the colonies, and the perception and potential use of these political entanglements by actors in and from colonial contexts.</p>","PeriodicalId":101168,"journal":{"name":"Sociology Lens","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/johs.12417","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50143554","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Two Bridges, A Century Apart: The Cruel Cosmovision of Law and Violence at the Texas-Mexico Border 相隔一个世纪的两座桥：得克萨斯-墨西哥边境法律与暴力的残酷宇宙观
Sociology Lens Pub Date : 2023-03-17 DOI: 10.1111/johs.12410
Alexandra Villarreal
{"title":"Two Bridges, A Century Apart: The Cruel Cosmovision of Law and Violence at the Texas-Mexico Border","authors":"Alexandra Villarreal","doi":"10.1111/johs.12410","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/johs.12410","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":101168,"journal":{"name":"Sociology Lens","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50136140","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Breaking the Heart's Borders: From “Dark Anthropology” to Dark Humor in the Telling of Migration 打破心灵的边界：从“黑暗人类学”到讲述移民的黑色幽默
Sociology Lens Pub Date : 2023-03-15 DOI: 10.1111/johs.12402
María Teresa Canelones, J. Brent Crosson
{"title":"Breaking the Heart's Borders: From “Dark Anthropology” to Dark Humor in the Telling of Migration","authors":"María Teresa Canelones,&nbsp;J. Brent Crosson","doi":"10.1111/johs.12402","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/johs.12402","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":101168,"journal":{"name":"Sociology Lens","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50142535","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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