RSC Applied Polymers最新文献

{"title":"Composition–property engineering of bio-derived UV-curable acrylate oligoester resins for tunable mechanics in 3D printing†","authors":"Syed M. Q. Bokhari, Jensen N. Sevening, Jeffrey M. Catchmark and Stephen C. Chmely","doi":"10.1039/D5LP00085H","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D5LP00085H","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Liquid Crystal Display (LCD) mask projection stereolithography (MPSL) is a 3D printing technology that enables the fabrication of complex, high-resolution structures; however, the mechanical properties of MPSL 3D printed objects are often limited by the resins used. This study focuses on developing and characterizing bio-based polyester UV-curable resins with tunable mechanical properties optimized for MPSL. Bio-based polyester resins were synthesized by direct esterification and a polycondensation reaction of itaconic and/or succinic acids with 1,2-propane-, 1,4-butane-, and/or 1,8-octanediols, followed by blending with triethylene glycol dimethacrylate. The bio-renewable nature of the resin components provides several advantages over traditional petroleum-derived resins. The diacid and diol monomers come from renewable feedstocks such as corn, soybean, and vegetable oils rather than finite fossil fuel reserves. Furthermore, bio-renewable materials lower dependence on petrochemicals and increase the sustainability of 3D printing. The effects of the diacid structure and diol chain length on resin properties were systematically investigated. Chemical characteristics were investigated by NMR and FTIR, suggesting successful synthesis of the desired bio-based polyesters. By varying the molecular design, diacid, and diol building blocks, the molecular weight, crosslink density, and mechanical performance were tailored. The liquid resins were characterized by gel permeation chromatography and rheological measurements, and solid UV-cured objects were characterized by static and dynamic tensile testing. Rheological studies confirmed that all resin formulations displayed shear-thinning behaviour, ideal for MPSL printing. Mechanical testing revealed that varying diacid and diol components could modulate tensile elastic modulus and elongation at break from 0.1 to 1.0 GPa and 3.5 to 8.5%, respectively. Printability was assessed by printing a resolution test structure on a LCD 3D printer equipped with a 405 nm LED source. This ability to tailor the properties of bio-based polyester resins by molecular design provides an avenue for fabricating high-performance MPSL-printed objects targeted for specific applications, ranging from prototypes to end-use products.</p>","PeriodicalId":101139,"journal":{"name":"RSC Applied Polymers","volume":" 4","pages":" 948-959"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlepdf/2025/lp/d5lp00085h?page=search","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144641118","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Flexible self-healing polyborosiloxane-based triboelectric nanogenerators for environmental adaptability","authors":"Jiahui Liang, Run Zhao, Jiale Li, Ding Zhao, Panlei Liu, Changyong Tian and Na Sun","doi":"10.1039/D5LP00006H","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D5LP00006H","url":null,"abstract":"<p >The rapid increase in energy consumption has heightened interest in harnessing energy from natural mechanical motion. Triboelectric Nanogenerators (TENGs), based on triboelectric and electrostatic induction, offer a promising solution due to their simple structure, low cost, and high energy conversion efficiency under low-frequency motion. This study presents the development of flexible, self-healing triboelectric materials based on viscoelastic polyborosiloxanes (PBS), designed to enhance the performance and environmental adaptability of TENGs. The PBS films exhibit excellent shape adaptability and adhesiveness, enabling them to adhere to irregular surfaces and achieve a self-healing efficiency of 93.2% within 3 minutes at room temperature. The incorporation of boric acid as a cross-linking agent significantly improves the electrical output performance, with the open-circuit voltage (<em>V</em><small>_oc</small>) and short-circuit charge (<em>Q</em><small>_sc</small>) increasing by 15% and 20%, respectively, at a boric acid content of 33 wt%. Despite the decrease in tensile strength with higher boric acid content, the PBS-based TENGs maintain stable electrical output under varying load conditions and demonstrate superior performance at low frequencies. The fabricated TENG devices, utilizing PBS and copper films as triboelectric materials, effectively convert a pulsed alternating current into direct current, providing a stable power supply for small electronic devices. These findings underscore the potential of PBS-based flexible, self-healing triboelectric materials for energy harvesting and portable electronic applications, particularly in environments with irregular mechanical sources.</p>","PeriodicalId":101139,"journal":{"name":"RSC Applied Polymers","volume":" 4","pages":" 897-904"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlepdf/2025/lp/d5lp00006h?page=search","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144641125","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fenton photocatalytic sponges for rapid separation of emulsified-oil/dyes†","authors":"Hongliang Zhang and Zhiguang Guo","doi":"10.1039/D5LP00070J","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D5LP00070J","url":null,"abstract":"<p >It is challenging to effectively and swiftly address oil and dye pollution. Herein, AM/MAA/HNTs/β-FeOOH sponges with high adsorption performance and strong photocatalytic resistance to oil/dye pollution is reported. β-FeOOH loading increases the specific surface area of the whole material in HNTs, which improves the adsorption of dyes. Composites of HNTs/β-FeOOH of appropriate ratio can realize the adsorption of dyes (<em>C</em> ≤ 20 mg L<small>⁻¹</small>) in 3 min. In addition, due to the photocatalytic properties of β-FeOOH, HNTs/β-FeOOH can also realize the photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue (<em>C</em> = 30 mg L<small>⁻¹</small>) in 30 min. The underwater superoleophobic properties of the AM/MAA/HNTs/β-FeOOH sponge is attributed to improvements of roughness and hydrophilicity. The modified sponge with its special wettability and good adsorption photocatalytic performance enables it to rapidly separate emulsion/dyes (<em>C</em> &lt; 10 mg L<small>⁻¹</small>). This study provides an alternative and effective solution for the problem of oil/dye contamination in complicated wastewater.</p>","PeriodicalId":101139,"journal":{"name":"RSC Applied Polymers","volume":" 4","pages":" 916-925"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlepdf/2025/lp/d5lp00070j?page=search","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144641126","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Energy augmentation of triboelectric nanogenerators using PDMS–MWCNT composites and their applications in IoT and HMI sensing†","authors":"Shailendra Kumar, Tarun Pratap Singh, Rajesh Kumar Jha, Prashant Sharma, Sumit Sinha-Ray and Ankur Goswami","doi":"10.1039/D5LP00076A","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D5LP00076A","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) have become viable self-powered systems, with great potential to satisfy the increasing demand for portable and adaptable power sources. Using these systems, mechanical vibrations from the motion of vehicles, human beings, rain falls, ocean waves, and air flows can be efficiently captured Depending on the triboelectric series, various materials have been used and explored for TENG applications. In this work, we investigated the triboelectric characteristics of spin-coated polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) and multiwall carbon nanotube (MWCNT) composite membranes. By adding various concentrations of MWCNTs in PDMS, the charge transfer efficiency was investigated in terms of the current output. At the optimized composition of 0.05 wt% MWCNTs in PDMS, an open-circuit voltage (<em>V</em><small>_oc</small>) of 110 V and a short-circuit current (<em>I</em><small>_sc</small>) of 10 μA were observed leading to a power density of nearly 1 W m<small>⁻²</small>. Additionally, this composition demonstrated outstanding long-term durability and electrical stability, facilitating energy harvesting during routine activities like jogging and walking using clothing and shoes.</p>","PeriodicalId":101139,"journal":{"name":"RSC Applied Polymers","volume":" 4","pages":" 905-915"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlepdf/2025/lp/d5lp00076a?page=search","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144641122","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Synthesis of an anion exchange resin for enhanced PFAS adsorption in water treatment†","authors":"Leila Khazdooz, Amin Zarei and Alireza Abbaspourrad","doi":"10.1039/D5LP00035A","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D5LP00035A","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) are a class of toxic, bioaccumulative, and persistent chemicals that pollute natural water sources and the environment, new materials and methods to remove them from water are needed. Anion exchange resins adsorb PFASs through strong electrostatic interactions with negatively charged PFAS molecules with high selectivity and removal efficiency from contaminated water. A series of cross-linked anion exchange resins in the form of polymeric beads were synthesized <em>via</em> inverse suspension polymerization using commercially available cationic monomers, (3-acrylamidopropyl)-trimethylammonium chloride (APTMAC) or diallyldimethylammonium chloride (DADMAC), and the crosslinker, <em>N</em>,<em>N</em>′-methylenebisacrylamide (BisAAm).The resins were evaluated for their ability to remove perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) from water and the DADMAC based resin (DR4) with 10 w/w% crosslinker showed the highest efficiency. DR4 exhibits high adsorption capacities of 3300 mg g<small>⁻¹</small> for PFOA, coupled with rapid adsorption kinetics, achieving equilibrium within an hour. Minimum interference effects from salts, pH variations, and natural organic matter (NOM) were observed and the competitive adsorption study indicated that the presence of other PFASs had no impact on the adsorption efficiency of DR4. DR4 was washed and reused, maintaining its performance after five consecutive PFOA adsorption and desorption cycles.</p>","PeriodicalId":101139,"journal":{"name":"RSC Applied Polymers","volume":" 4","pages":" 885-896"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlepdf/2025/lp/d5lp00035a?page=search","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144641124","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of casein-based nanonutraceuticals by entrapping anthocyanin derived from secondary-agricultural residues: a step towards functional food additives†","authors":"Maninder Meenu, Mansi, Anil Kumar Pujari, Monika Garg and Jayeeta Bhaumik","doi":"10.1039/D4LP00363B","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D4LP00363B","url":null,"abstract":"<p >This study aims to extract anthocyanins (ACNs) from different secondary-agricultural residues and encapsulate them using casein to enhance their stability and bioavailability. Ultrasonic-assisted and conventional extraction methods yielded substantial anthocyanin content from black plum (BP), blueberry (BB), and black wheat bran (WB). After purification, ACNs were encapsulated with casein through the desolvation technique. The optimized anthocyanin-casein-based nanoparticles (A-CNPs) resulted in satisfactory size, polydispersity index (PDI), and zeta potential values of 196–201 nm, 0.184–0.241, and −36 to −34 mV, respectively. BB@A-CNPs resulted in the highest encapsulation efficiency of 92% compared to BP@A-CNPs (83%) and WB@A-CNPs (72%). BP@A-CNPs, WB@A-CNPs, and BB@A-CNPs exhibited high storage stability for 28 days. A-CNPs, particularly BB@A-CNPs, exhibited improved stability towards temperature, pH change, and light. Furthermore, the gastrointestinal stability and release of ACNs from BB@A-CNPs were also assessed using an <em>in vitro</em> digestion model. The controlled release of ACNs and the high antioxidant activity of the final digest suggest improved bioavailability of BB@A-CNPs. Thus, BB@A-CNPs can be used as functional food additives for potentially enriching dairy products with health-promoting anthocyanins. These findings support further development and <em>in vivo</em> validation of the application of these nanonutraceuticals as food additives.</p>","PeriodicalId":101139,"journal":{"name":"RSC Applied Polymers","volume":" 4","pages":" 875-884"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlepdf/2025/lp/d4lp00363b?page=search","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144641123","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"N,N-Dimethyl-p-toluidine crosslinker enables acrylic-based resin with seamless adhesion and high performance","authors":"Zhaoquan Qin, Huakun Xing, Bingbing Wang, Liang Peng, Hai Li and Mengjie Long","doi":"10.1039/D5LP00049A","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D5LP00049A","url":null,"abstract":"<p >This study focuses on the development of a novel seamless adhesive by investigating the interaction of <em>N</em>,<em>N</em>-dimethyl-<em>p</em>-toluidine (DMPT) in an acrylic-based polymer system. The optimal proportions of benzoyl peroxide (BPO) and DMPT were determined to achieve ideal curing time and fracture toughness, making the adhesive highly suitable for industrial applications. The prepared adhesive demonstrated a curing time that balances efficiency with performance, facilitating seamless splicing of artificial stone materials in production lines. The optimal curing time achieved was approximately 10 min at 25 °C, with a stress intensity factor (K) reaching up to 12.32 kPa m<small>^1/2</small>, demonstrating significant improvement in both efficiency and mechanical strength. Additionally, the ability to adjust the resin-to-powder ratio presents significant cost-saving opportunities for manufacturers. The adhesive exhibited remarkable color stability, with minimal changes observed even under elevated temperatures, resulting in nearly invisible splicing joints. These qualities, combined with strong bonding performance and aesthetic advantages, make the adhesive a promising candidate for use in bioelectronic devices, where durability, versatility, and optical clarity are essential. This research demonstrates the potential of advanced acrylic adhesives to enhance both traditional construction applications and emerging technologies in bioelectronics.</p>","PeriodicalId":101139,"journal":{"name":"RSC Applied Polymers","volume":" 4","pages":" 855-864"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlepdf/2025/lp/d5lp00049a?page=search","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144641120","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Black and purple metal-like lustrous films from anion-doped poly(3-alkoxyselenophene) dyes†‡","authors":"Satoru Tsukada, Masatsugu Doi, Kan Nogami and Katsuyoshi Hoshino","doi":"10.1039/D4LP00338A","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D4LP00338A","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Materials that exhibit metallic luster without containing metals are promising alternatives to existing metallic paints and coatings. In this study, we successfully synthesized four types of anion-doped poly(3-alkoxyselenophene) and used them to develop metal-free metal-like lustrous films. By employing polyselenophene, we achieved the expression of luxurious glossy colors such as black and purple, which were difficult to obtain with previously reported polythiophene-based materials. The developed films were thoroughly investigated through reflectance spectroscopy, colorimetry, gloss measurements, and XRD analysis. The glossy colors exhibited by the polyselenophene films are suggested to arise from a well-balanced presence of face-on and edge-on lamellar crystals within the coated films, in addition to the optical properties of the polymer itself. The developed metal-like lustrous films do not contain any metals, being highly promising for applications in essential everyday items such as writing instruments, cosmetics, anti-counterfeiting inks, and automotive paints.</p>","PeriodicalId":101139,"journal":{"name":"RSC Applied Polymers","volume":" 4","pages":" 820-828"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlepdf/2025/lp/d4lp00338a?page=search","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144641114","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reversible magnetic soft actuators made of thermoplastic polyurethane and yttrium iron garnet†","authors":"Mariana Martins da Silva, Alejandro Rivelles, José A. Covas, Maria C. Paiva and Mariana P. Proença","doi":"10.1039/D5LP00021A","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D5LP00021A","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Imparting magnetic properties to elastomeric polymers opens up possibilities to generate intelligent materials that may mimic complex biological systems, allowing reversible deformations under a magnetic stimulus. Remotely triggered soft actuators made of thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) and yttrium iron garnet, Y<small>₃</small>Fe<small>₅</small>O<small>₁₂</small> (YIG), were prepared through micro melt compounding, a solvent-free and environmentally friendly scalable technique. The magnetic composites (mTPU) present a good interface between particles and the matrix while maintaining the elastomeric behaviour characteristic of TPU. Using a permanent magnet, the magnetomechanical behaviour of mTPU, with two different shapes and thicknesses, led to reversible bending at room temperature with a fast response time. Initial displacements at 100 Oe for a 500 μm thick tape and 85 Oe for a 150 μm thick tape are recorded. Thinner tapes enable more freedom in movement and have higher sensitivity to external magnetic fields, needing lower magnetic forces (around 38 times lower) for bending than the thicker tapes, that in turn allow for a more precise control. A switch actuator, composed of an mTPU/Au bi-layer, was developed to quickly open or close an electrical circuit upon exposure to a magnetic field.</p>","PeriodicalId":101139,"journal":{"name":"RSC Applied Polymers","volume":" 4","pages":" 865-874"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlepdf/2025/lp/d5lp00021a?page=search","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144641121","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of hydrolysis pretreatment on the compostability of biodegradable poly(caprolactone) and poly(lactic acid) films†","authors":"Jordan D'Amario, Wanwarang Limsukon, Anibal Bher and Rafael Auras","doi":"10.1039/D5LP00041F","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D5LP00041F","url":null,"abstract":"<p >The biodegradation performance of non-pretreated and pretreated commercial polyesters was evaluated under simulated composting conditions to understand how abiotic pretreatment accelerates biotic degradation. Polylactic acid (PLA) and polycaprolactone (PCL) were subjected to hydrolysis pretreatment and assessed under simulated composting conditions for 120 days. In addition to tracking CO<small>₂</small> evolution, polymer-intrinsic factors such as chain scission, measured by reductions in intrinsic viscosity molecular weight (<em>M</em><small>_η</small>), and changes in crystallinity (<em>X</em><small>_c</small>) were also evaluated for both non-pretreated and pretreated samples during the biodegradation process. Hydrolysis pretreatment resulted in a reduction of initial <em>M</em><small>_η</small> and an increase of initial <em>X</em><small>_c</small> for all polymer samples. The initial decrease in <em>M</em><small>_η</small> was particularly marked for PLA, which showed about 30% decrease, while PCL exhibited a reduction of just around 7%. Regarding initial <em>X</em><small>_c</small>, the most significant increase was also seen in PLA, which jumped from approximately 0% to <em>c</em>. 30%. Hydrolysis of semi-crystalline polymers primarily affects the amorphous region, where elevated temperatures allow water to break polymer chains easily. However, for PLA, the disruption of the crystalline structure leads to a less stable type of crystal, probably due to an increase in the rigid amorphous region that enhances the overall biodegradation process. The effect of pretreatment on the biotic phase showed minimal differences for PCL but a noticeable overall increase in biodegradation for the pretreated PLA.</p>","PeriodicalId":101139,"journal":{"name":"RSC Applied Polymers","volume":" 3","pages":" 711-721"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlepdf/2025/lp/d5lp00041f?page=search","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144117523","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}