Resilient Cities and Structures最新文献

{"title":"Incorporating extreme event attribution into climate change adaptation for civil infrastructure: Methods, benefits, and research needs","authors":"Yating Zhang ,&nbsp;Bilal M. Ayyub ,&nbsp;Juan F. Fung ,&nbsp;Zachary M. Labe","doi":"10.1016/j.rcns.2024.03.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rcns.2024.03.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In the last decade, the detection and attribution science that links climate change to extreme weather and climate events has emerged as a growing field of research with an increasing body of literature. This paper overviews the methods for extreme event attribution (EEA) and discusses the new insights that EEA provides for infrastructure adaptation. We found that EEA can inform stakeholders about current climate risk, support vulnerability-based and hazard-based adaptations, assist in the development of cost-effective adaptation strategies, and enhance justice and equity in the allocation of adaptation resources. As engineering practice shifts from a retrospective approach to a proactive, forward-looking risk management strategy, EEA can be used together with climate projections to enhance the comprehensiveness of decision making, including planning and preparing for unprecedented extreme events. Additionally, attribution assessment can be more useful for adaptation planning when the exposure and vulnerability of communities to past events are analyzed, and future changes in the probability of extreme events are evaluated. Given large uncertainties inherent in event attribution and climate projections, future research should examine the sensitivity of engineering design to climate model uncertainties, and adapt engineering practice, including building codes, to uncertain future conditions. While this study focuses on adaptation planning, EEA can also be a useful tool for informing and enhancing decisions related to climate mitigation.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101077,"journal":{"name":"Resilient Cities and Structures","volume":"3 1","pages":"Pages 103-113"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S277274162400005X/pdfft?md5=610b5f5962d80f07407d5404ba40234c&pid=1-s2.0-S277274162400005X-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140162740","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A robust protocol to compute wind load coefficients of telecommunication towers and antennas using numerical simulation for risk and resilience assessment","authors":"Mohanad Khazaali ,&nbsp;Liyang Ma ,&nbsp;Keivan Rokneddin ,&nbsp;Matteo Mazzotti ,&nbsp;Paolo Bocchini","doi":"10.1016/j.rcns.2024.02.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rcns.2024.02.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>An accurate estimation of wind loads on telecommunication towers is crucial for design, as well as for performing reliability, resilience, and risk assessments. In particular, drag coefficient and interference factor are the most significant factors for wind load computations. Wind tunnel tests and computational fluid dynamics (CFD) are the most appropriate methods to estimate these parameters. While wind tunnel tests are generally preferred in practice, they require dedicated facilities and personnel, and can be expensive if multiple configurations of tower panels and antennas need to be tested under various wind directions (e.g., fragility curve development for system resilience analysis). This paper provides a simple, robust, and easily accessible CFD protocol with widespread applicability, offering a practical solution in situations where wind tunnel testing is not feasible, such as complex tower configurations or cases where the cost of running experiments for all the tower-antennas configurations is prohibitively high. Different turbulence models, structural and fluid boundary conditions and mesh types are tested to provide a streamlined CFD modeling strategy that shows good convergence and balances accuracy, computational time, and robustness. The protocol is calibrated and validated with experimental studies available in the literature. To demonstrate the capabilities of the protocol, three lattice tower panels and antennas with different configurations are analyzed as examples. The protocol successfully estimates the drag and lateral wind loads and their coefficients under different wind directions. Noticeable differences are observed between the estimated wind loads with this protocol and those computed by a simple linear superposition used in most practical applications, indicating the importance of tower-antenna interaction. Also, as expected, the wind loads recommended by design codes overestimate the simulated results. More importantly, the telecommunication design codes inadequately identify the most favorable wind directions that are associated with the lowest wind loads, while the results of the proposed protocol align with observations from experimental studies. This information may be used to select the tower orientation before construction. The findings of this study are of importance for the telecommunication industry, which seeks reliable results with minimal computational efforts. In addition, it enhances the fragility analysis of telecommunication towers under strong winds, and the portfolio risk and resilience assessment of telecommunication systems.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101077,"journal":{"name":"Resilient Cities and Structures","volume":"3 1","pages":"Pages 66-83"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772741624000036/pdfft?md5=421c787fbfa9511433c3eca2177defd0&pid=1-s2.0-S2772741624000036-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139942546","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Machine learning prediction models for ground motion parameters and seismic damage assessment of buildings at a regional scale","authors":"Sanjeev Bhatta ,&nbsp;Xiandong Kang ,&nbsp;Ji Dang","doi":"10.1016/j.rcns.2024.03.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rcns.2024.03.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study examines the feasibility of using a machine learning approach for rapid damage assessment of reinforced concrete (RC) buildings after the earthquake. Since the real-world damaged datasets are lacking, have limited access, or are imbalanced, a simulation dataset is prepared by conducting a nonlinear time history analysis. Different machine learning (ML) models are trained considering the structural parameters and ground motion characteristics to predict the RC building damage into five categories: null, slight, moderate, heavy, and collapse. The random forest classifier (RFC) has achieved a higher prediction accuracy on testing and real-world damaged datasets. The structural parameters can be extracted using different means such as Google Earth, Open Street Map, unmanned aerial vehicles, etc. However, recording the ground motion at a closer distance requires the installation of a dense array of sensors which requires a higher cost. For places with no earthquake recording station/device, it is difficult to have ground motion characteristics. For that different ML-based regressor models are developed utilizing past-earthquake information to predict ground motion parameters such as peak ground acceleration and peak ground velocity. The random forest regressor (RFR) achieved better results than other regression models on testing and validation datasets. Furthermore, compared with the results of similar research works, a better result is obtained using RFC and RFR on validation datasets. In the end, these models are utilized to predict the damage categories of RC buildings at Saitama University and Okubo Danchi, Saitama, Japan after an earthquake. This damage information is crucial for government agencies or decision-makers to respond systematically in post-disaster situations.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101077,"journal":{"name":"Resilient Cities and Structures","volume":"3 1","pages":"Pages 84-102"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772741624000048/pdfft?md5=d8fbc4dce242235d9a3f487633f83d32&pid=1-s2.0-S2772741624000048-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140163206","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Data for critical infrastructure network modelling of natural hazard impacts: Needs and influence on model characteristics","authors":"Roman Schotten ,&nbsp;Evelyn Mühlhofer ,&nbsp;Georgios-Alexandros Chatzistefanou ,&nbsp;Daniel Bachmann ,&nbsp;Albert S. Chen ,&nbsp;Elco E. Koks","doi":"10.1016/j.rcns.2024.01.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rcns.2024.01.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Natural hazards impact interdependent infrastructure networks that keep modern society functional. While a variety of modelling approaches are available to represent critical infrastructure networks (CINs) on different scales and analyse the impacts of natural hazards, a recurring challenge for all modelling approaches is the availability and accessibility of sufficiently high-quality input and validation data. The resulting data gaps often require modellers to assume specific technical parameters, functional relationships, and system behaviours. In other cases, expert knowledge from one sector is extrapolated to other sectoral structures or even cross-sectorally applied to fill data gaps. The uncertainties introduced by these assumptions and extrapolations and their influence on the quality of modelling outcomes are often poorly understood and difficult to capture, thereby eroding the reliability of these models to guide resilience enhancements. Additionally, ways of overcoming the data availability challenges in CIN modelling, with respect to each modelling purpose, remain an open question. To address these challenges, a generic modelling workflow is derived from existing modelling approaches to examine model definition and validations, as well as the six CIN modelling stages, including mapping of infrastructure assets, quantification of dependencies, assessment of natural hazard impacts, response &amp; recovery, quantification of CI services, and adaptation measures. The data requirements of each stage were systematically defined, and the literature on potential sources was reviewed to enhance data collection and raise awareness of potential pitfalls. The application of the derived workflow funnels into a framework to assess data availability challenges. This is shown through three case studies, taking into account their different modelling purposes: hazard hotspot assessments, hazard risk management, and sectoral adaptation. Based on the three model purpose types provided, a framework is suggested to explore the implications of data scarcity for certain data types, as well as their reasons and consequences for CIN model reliability. Finally, a discussion on overcoming the challenges of data scarcity is presented.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101077,"journal":{"name":"Resilient Cities and Structures","volume":"3 1","pages":"Pages 55-65"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772741624000024/pdfft?md5=2933599044255efc100494f9cd40a964&pid=1-s2.0-S2772741624000024-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139719660","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fuzzy-based approach to quantify the downtime of buildings in developing countries","authors":"Melissa De Iuliis ,&nbsp;Rayehe Khaghanpour-Shahrezaee ,&nbsp;Gian Paolo Cimellaro ,&nbsp;Mohammad Khanmohammadi","doi":"10.1016/j.rcns.2023.11.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rcns.2023.11.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Earthquake is one of the natural disasters that affects the buildings and communities in developing countries. It causes different levels of damages to the buildings, making them uninhabitable for a period of time, called <em>downtime</em> (DT). This paper proposes a Fuzzy Logic hierarchical method to estimate the downtime of residential buildings in developing countries after an earthquake. The use of expert-based systems allows quantifying the indicators involved in the model using descriptive knowledge instead of hard data, accounting also for the uncertainties that may affect the analysis. The applicability of the methodology is illustrated using the information gathered after the 2015 Gorkha, Nepal, earthquake as a case study. On April 25, 2015, Nepal was hit by the Mw 7.8 Gorkha earthquake, which damaged and destroyed more than 500.000 residential buildings. Information obtained from a Rapid Visual Damage Assessment (RVDA) is used through a hierarchical scheme to evaluate the building damageability. Sensitivity analysis based on Sobol method is implemented to evaluate the importance of parameters gathered in the RVDA for building damage estimation. The findings of this work may be used to estimate the restoration time of damaged buildings in developing countries and to plan preventive safety measures.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101077,"journal":{"name":"Resilient Cities and Structures","volume":"3 1","pages":"Pages 1-19"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772741623000650/pdfft?md5=75a63faeb63a3e0482b9cb580e9ae393&pid=1-s2.0-S2772741623000650-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139109213","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Community resilience: A multidisciplinary exploration for inclusive strategies and scalable solutions","authors":"Megan Boston ,&nbsp;Desmond Bernie ,&nbsp;Liz Brogden ,&nbsp;Alan Forster ,&nbsp;Laurent Galbrun ,&nbsp;Leigh-Anne Hepburn ,&nbsp;Taibat Lawanson ,&nbsp;Jolanda Morkel","doi":"10.1016/j.rcns.2024.03.005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rcns.2024.03.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This paper evaluates literature across multiple disciplines and stakeholder types to identify commonalities and contradictions in definitions for community resilience. It aims to support cross-disciplinary discourse to build an interdisciplinary understanding of community resilience. This work identifies the differences between mono-, multi-, inter-, and cross-disciplinary approaches to inform community resilience strategies in academic and practice-based contexts.</p><p>Four themes for community resilience were identified through a review of cross-disciplinary literature. These include (1) diverse yet convergent definitions of community resilience and the evolution from equilibrium to adaptation to transformation; (2) equitable and inclusive strategies for the development of community resilience initiatives; (3) when and at what scale strategies should be implemented; and (4) community resilience as a process or an outcome.</p><p>This work is valuable to those seeking to familiarise themselves with the concept of community resilience, including educators who deliver courses on community resilience and policy-makers. It is novel in that it presents an interdisciplinary framework for navigating the community resilience discourse beyond individual professional boundaries.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101077,"journal":{"name":"Resilient Cities and Structures","volume":"3 1","pages":"Pages 114-130"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772741624000085/pdfft?md5=176404ccc275501ee25a4a186efcc8b4&pid=1-s2.0-S2772741624000085-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140543722","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Earthquake and deterioration inclusive probabilistic life cycle assessment (EDP-LCA) framework for buildings","authors":"Jorge Andrés Ramos Guerrero,&nbsp;T.Y. Yang,&nbsp;Omar Swei","doi":"10.1016/j.rcns.2023.05.003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rcns.2023.05.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>With increasing demand to reduce the carbon emission of buildings, it is crucial to quantify the life cycle environmental impact of new buildings, including the environmental impact due to natural hazards, such as earthquakes. This study presents a novel comprehensive probabilistic framework to quantify the environmental impact of buildings, including uncertainties in the material extraction and production, transportation, construction, seismic exposure and aging (including deterioration), and end-of-life stages. The developed framework is used to quantify the environmental impact of a 3-story residential building located in Vancouver, Canada. The results show that there is a significant variation in the environmental impact of the prototype building in each stage of the life cycle assessment. If the prototype building is hit by the design level earthquake, it is expected that the median environmental impact of the prototype will be further increased by 42%. In addition, by accounting for the probability of occurrence of different earthquakes within a 50-year design life of the prototype building, the earthquake related damage will result in an additional 5% of the initial carbon emission of the building. This shows the importance of including earthquake hazard and deterioration in whole building life cycle assessments.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101077,"journal":{"name":"Resilient Cities and Structures","volume":"2 3","pages":"Pages 30-40"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49739043","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Designing resilient and economically viable water distribution systems: A Multi-dimensional approach","authors":"Beatrice Cassottana ,&nbsp;Srijith Balakrishnan ,&nbsp;Nazli Yonca Aydin ,&nbsp;Giovanni Sansavini","doi":"10.1016/j.rcns.2023.05.004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rcns.2023.05.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Enhancing the resilience of critical infrastructure systems requires substantial investment and entails trade-offs between environmental and economic benefits. To this aim, we propose a methodological framework that combines resilience and economic analyses and assesses the economic viability of alternative resilience designs for a Water Distribution System (WDS) and its interdependent power and transportation systems. Flow-based network models simulate the interdependent infrastructure systems and Global Resilience Analysis (GRA) quantifies three resilience metrics under various disruption scenarios. The economic analysis monetizes the three metrics and compares two resilience strategies involving the installation of remotely controlled shutoff valves. Using the Micropolis synthetic interdependent water-transportation network as an example, we demonstrate how our framework can guide infrastructure stakeholders and utility operators in measuring the value of resilience investments. Overall, our approach highlights the importance of economic analysis in designing resilient infrastructure systems.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101077,"journal":{"name":"Resilient Cities and Structures","volume":"2 3","pages":"Pages 19-29"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49739473","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessing building's post-earthquake functional recovery accounting for utility system disruption","authors":"Negar Mohammadgholibeyki ,&nbsp;Maria Koliou ,&nbsp;Abbie B. Liel","doi":"10.1016/j.rcns.2023.06.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rcns.2023.06.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Experience from past earthquakes has demonstrated the need to account for design goals beyond safety, known as functional recovery objectives, in the interest of community resilience. Frameworks have been proposed in the literature to assess the post-earthquake functional recovery of a building, but without accounting for utility systems’ disruption, which may be a key contributor to determining when a building is functional. This paper integrates a previously proposed probabilistic method for estimating the post-earthquake restoration of critical utility services with an individual building's functional recovery assessment framework. The integration was performed by incorporating utilities into the building system fault trees embedded into a functional recovery framework for various building occupancies (residential and commercial office buildings). Once incorporated, the results are used to interrogate the functional recovery of a reinforced concrete building, and the recovery time results were presented for seven cases investigating contributing factors in the functional recovery results including the number of crews available for lifeline restoration, the effect of low-quality service on meeting tenant requirements for elevators, heating ventilation and air conditioning (HVAC), plumbing and electrical systems, consideration of fire watch, the effect of building seismic retrofit, as well as different cases of fragility functions for the lifeline systems. Results showed that utility systems’ disruption does not have a significant impact on the recoccupancy of a building because only one utility-dependent building system (fire suppression) is needed for the building's safety. Unlike reoccupancy, utility systems are significant for functional recovery, mainly at moderate hazard levels because, at these levels, lifeline networks could be damaged without significant building damage, such that the lifeline systems restoration governs. Buildings with more restrictive tenant requirements are more sensitive to tenant disruptions.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101077,"journal":{"name":"Resilient Cities and Structures","volume":"2 3","pages":"Pages 53-73"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49739045","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Objective-Level Resilience Assessment of Circular Roadway Tunnels with Reinforced Concrete Liners for Vehicle Fire Hazards","authors":"Zheda Zhu ,&nbsp;Aerik Carlton ,&nbsp;Spencer E. Quiel ,&nbsp;Clay J. Naito","doi":"10.1016/j.rcns.2023.04.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rcns.2023.04.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>A framework is presented to quantify the objective-level resilience of reinforced concrete liners of circular tunnels when exposed to enclosed vehicle fire hazards. By assessing the loss of functionality due to fire-induced damage, the framework enables a decision-basis evaluation of the efficiency of various fire mitigation methods for specific tunnel conditions. In this study, the fire-induced damage of concrete tunnel liners due to strength loss and spalling is stochastically simulated and classified based on typical post-fire repair procedures and damage evaluation. The resilience assessment is conducted using Monte Carlo Simulation in combination with a fast-running tool for calculating the thermal impact from vehicle fires on the inside surface of the tunnel liner (developed by the authors in previous work). The proposed approach accounts for uncertainties associated with both the vehicle fire (particularly the combustion energy) and the tunnel conditions (i.e., geometry, dimensions, and the presence of longitudinal ventilation and/or fixed fire-fighting systems (FFFS)). A parametric case study is used to quantitatively demonstrate the effectiveness of FFFS for reducing post-fire losses of tunnel functionality. Other parameters such as tunnel dimensions, traffic restrictions for vehicles with heavy fire hazard risk, and installation or upgrade of the tunnel ventilation system show somewhat less effectiveness for reducing fire-induced damage.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101077,"journal":{"name":"Resilient Cities and Structures","volume":"2 3","pages":"Pages 1-18"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49739472","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}