Plant Nano Biology最新文献

{"title":"Investigating the effect of synthetic cobalt and nickel oxide nanoparticles on the growth and physiology of Mungbean (Vigna radiata L.) seedlings, and exploring tunable magnetism switching behaviour","authors":"Anjali Joshi ,&nbsp;Simranjeet Kaur ,&nbsp;Pargat Singh ,&nbsp;Havneet Singh ,&nbsp;Keya Dharamvir ,&nbsp;Harsh Nayyar ,&nbsp;Gaurav Verma","doi":"10.1016/j.plana.2025.100140","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.plana.2025.100140","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The extensive application of metal oxide nanoparticles in industrial and agricultural systems has led to their pervasive accumulation in the environment, raising significant concerns about their phytotoxicity and ecological impacts. This study examines the dual effects of cobalt oxide (CoO) and nickel oxide (NiO) nanoparticles on Mungbean (<em>Vigna radiata</em> L.) seedlings, emphasizing their biological responses and magnetic properties for detection and monitoring applications. Seeds were treated with CoO and NiO nanoparticles at concentrations of 50 and 100 mg/L and cultivated under controlled conditions. Physiological assessments revealed substantial reductions in root growth (28–30 % for CoO; 22–24 % for NiO), shoot growth (9–17 % for CoO; 5–17 % for NiO), relative water content, and chlorophyll levels compared to untreated controls. Nanoparticle uptake and distribution across plant tissues were characterized using vibrating sample magnetometry (VSM), highlighting alterations in magnetic behavior distinct from their intrinsic properties. Structural and compositional analyses via Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) confirmed nanoparticle crystallinity, size, and morphology. The interaction of CoO and NiO nanoparticles with plant systems revealed significant modifications in magnetic properties, offering potential avenues for modulating plant growth through external magnetic fields. This study highlights the feasibility of utilizing magnetic oxide nanoparticles to engineer bio-nano magnetic sensors for real-time monitoring of plant health and environmental parameters. Such innovations hold promise for advancing sustainable agricultural practices and enhancing global food security through precision nanotechnology.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101029,"journal":{"name":"Plant Nano Biology","volume":"11 ","pages":"Article 100140"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143306755","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Field evaluation of crude extracts of Petiveria alliacea and biosynthesized silver nanoparticles against insect pests of Amaranthus caudatus (Lin.) and their effects on nutritional quality of Amaranthus leaves","authors":"Fatai Olaitan Alao ,&nbsp;Joseph Adetunji Elegbede ,&nbsp;Agbaje Lateef ,&nbsp;Timothy Abiodun Adebayo ,&nbsp;Evariste Bosco Gueguim-Kana ,&nbsp;Lorika Selomi Beukes ,&nbsp;Ntombozuko Matyumza ,&nbsp;Oladele Abiodun Olaniran","doi":"10.1016/j.plana.2025.100142","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.plana.2025.100142","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>An environmentally friendly approach against field insect pests on crops is of enormous significance and has, over time, constituted a point of interest to crop protectionists. We conducted this experiment to compare the effectiveness of crude extracts from <em>Petiveria alliacea</em> and silver nanoparticles biosynthesized by <em>P. alliacea</em> against field insect pests of <em>Amaranthus caudatus</em> (Lin), and their impact on the proximate and mineral contents of the harvested leaves of Amaranthus. Silver nitrate was used in the biosynthesis of AgNPs by <em>P. alliacea</em> leaf (PaL-AgNPs) and root (PaR-AgNPs), with maximum absorbance ranging from 5.95 to 76.91 nm in size. Two synthetic insecticides (Dichlorvos and Cypermethrin) and untreated plots were included in the experiment. Each of the treatments was arranged in a randomized complete block design with three replications. Data collected were analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA). The findings showed that the two insects that were tested, <em>Pygomorpha vignaudii</em> and <em>Phyllotreta striolata</em>, were killed by crude extracts of <em>P. alliacea</em> and AgNPs. However, the insecticidal effect of Pa-AgNPs against <em>P. vignaudii</em> was more pronounced than the crude <em>P. alliacea</em> extracts. Meanwhile, PaR-AgNPs had the highest insecticidal efficacy (59 %) compared to crude <em>P. alliacea</em> extracts and PaL-AgNPs against <em>P. striolata</em>. Although none of the tested botanical and nano-insecticides was as effective as cypermethrin, they competed effectively with dichlorvos. Harvested Amaranthus leaves from plants treated with crude <em>P. alliacea</em> root exhibited the highest proximate contents (38.3 %), and those treated with PaR- and PaL-AgNPs yielded the highest mineral content (278.3–319.7 mg/100 g). Both Pa-AgNPs and crude extracts of <em>P. alliacea</em> did not have negative effects on the proximate and mineral contents of the harvested <em>Amaranthus</em> leaves. Therefore, the management practice of <em>A. caudatus</em> can incorporate the use of nano and botanical insecticides in the management of leafy vegetables, particularly in the organic farming system.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101029,"journal":{"name":"Plant Nano Biology","volume":"11 ","pages":"Article 100142"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143422631","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The potential effects of nanoparticles in gene regulation and expression in mammalian, bacterial and plant cells – A comprehensive review","authors":"Ayesha Javaid ,&nbsp;Neelma Munir ,&nbsp;Zainul Abideen ,&nbsp;Bernardo Duarte ,&nbsp;Zamin Shaheed Siddiqui ,&nbsp;Rukhama Haq ,&nbsp;Shagufta Naz","doi":"10.1016/j.plana.2025.100145","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.plana.2025.100145","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Gene regulation and expression are fundamental, though challenging life processes involved in the development and rectification of various cellular mechanisms. Nanoparticles have been employed as gene regulatory systems that can efficiently modulate gene expression owing to their unique physiochemical properties. Exposure to metal, metal oxide, carbon and polymer-based nanomaterials can lead to arbitrary DNA methylation and thus damage targeted cells by generating oxidative stress genes in mammals and bacteria. However, the valuable role of carbon-based nanoparticles in the suppression of tumor growth factor genes or genes attributed to inhibition of angiogenesis is an innovative approach in medical science, which may stop the progression of abnormal cells. Predominantly, nanoparticles induced the genes involved in oxidative stress, DNA methylation, pro-inflammatory reactions, signaling pathways, cell proliferation and differentiation. The expression of toxin-antitoxin genes in bacteria is also controlled by nanoparticles, such as ZnO, which inhibits biofilm formation in bacteria and is responsible for antibiotic resistance. Exposure of plants to several types of nanoparticles upregulated the genes involved in shielding the plants against oxidative and abiotic stresses, predominantly salinity stress. Gene modulation by nanoparticles in different organisms or species is not uniform. This article describes gene regulation and expression studies performed in nanoparticle-exposed mammalian, bacterial, and plant cells. This review will help researchers to upgrade gene regulation approaches, complementing the potential of nanomaterials in regulating cell activities, thereby embarking on their use in therapeutics for many genetic diseases.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101029,"journal":{"name":"Plant Nano Biology","volume":"11 ","pages":"Article 100145"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143512564","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bacopa monnieri (L.) Wettst. plant extract mediated synthesis of metallic nanoparticles and regulation of bacoside-A- memory enhancer compound and their application: A comprehensive review","authors":"Abhishek Dadhich,&nbsp;Rohit Jain,&nbsp;Madan Mohan Sharma","doi":"10.1016/j.plana.2024.100133","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.plana.2024.100133","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Bacopa monnieri</em> L. Wettst. (BM) is a well-known medicinal plant that has recently gained attention for its potential in the synthesis of metallic nanoparticles (NPs), including silver (Ag), copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), and gold (Au). These nanoparticles also influence the production of bacoside-A, a compound known for its memory-enhancing effects. This review focuses on the green synthesis of these metallic NPs using BM extracts, examining how nanoparticles stimulate the production of secondary metabolites, particularly bacoside-A. When exposed to nanoparticles, BM plants experience oxidative stress, which activates critical biosynthetic pathways such as the MEP (methylerythritol phosphate) and MVA (mevalonate) pathways, both of which are essential for the synthesis of bacoside-A and other terpenoids. Nanoparticles also enhance the activity of enzymes like DXS (1-Deoxy-d-xylulose 5-phosphate synthase) and HMGR (3-Hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase), leading to the increased production of bioactive compounds. Additionally, the stress induced by nanoparticles elevates gene expression related to plant defense mechanisms, further boosting secondary metabolite synthesis. The review also highlights the potential therapeutic benefits of these nanoparticles, particularly in the fields of antimicrobial, anticancer, and neuroprotective treatments. Nanoparticles enhance the bioavailability and effectiveness of therapeutic agents, making them a valuable tool in biomedical applications. The integration of nanotechnology with plant-based medicine shows significant promise for advancing pharmaceutical and biomedicine research. However, future studies are necessary to optimize the synthesis of nanoparticles, investigate the molecular mechanisms of plant-nanoparticle interactions, and scale up production for broader industrial and clinical applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101029,"journal":{"name":"Plant Nano Biology","volume":"11 ","pages":"Article 100133"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143143734","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Selenium nanoparticles induce differential shoot/root response of Capsicum annuum seedlings revealed by non-targeted metabolomic analysis","authors":"Tonatiu Campos-García ,&nbsp;María Fernanda Hernández-Soltero ,&nbsp;Overlin Brandon Hernández-Fernández ,&nbsp;Juan Vázquez-Martínez ,&nbsp;Soledad García-Morales","doi":"10.1016/j.plana.2025.100139","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.plana.2025.100139","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) are emerging as a novel nanotechnological approach to improve growth, primary and secondary metabolite production, and crop quality. The seedling stage is critical for successful crop establishment and achieving better yields, and SeNPs could improve seedling fitness and metabolism. The impact of SeNPs, previously synthesized with <em>Amphipterygium glaucum</em> extracts and characterized, was evaluated on the seedling stage of serrano pepper (<em>Capsicum annuum</em>). Four weekly foliar applications were made with 0, 2.5, and 10 µM SeNPs. Non-targeted metabolomic analysis was performed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) for shoot and root metabolomes. Leaves SPAD values and growth traits (root length, shoot height, stem diameter, and fresh and dry weight) increased with SeNPs application. The highest shoot growth was obtained with 2.5 µM, whereas 10 µM increased root development. Non-targeted metabolomic analysis revealed differences in the abundance of detected metabolites from several families (alpha-hydroxy acids, carboxylic acids, sugar derivatives, fatty acids, terpenes, polyols, phytosterols, and phenolic compounds). Metabolic pathway analysis (MetPA) showed that SeNPs impacted routes related to the L-galactose, ascorbate-aldarate metabolism, fatty acids, citrate cycle, and sugars. SeNPs significantly increased galactopyranose and D-mannitol in shoots and glycerate in roots. These metabolites are involved in cell wall remodeling, stress responses, and energy metabolism. The results contribute to understanding the biological effects of SeNPs and their potential to improve plant growth at 10 µM. Nevertheless, a multi-omics approach combining targeted transcriptomic and metabolomic analyses is needed to fully elucidate the mechanisms underlying the SeNPs effect on plant response to environmental stressors.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101029,"journal":{"name":"Plant Nano Biology","volume":"11 ","pages":"Article 100139"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143144318","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Selenium nanoparticles and maize: Understanding the impact on seed germination, growth, and nutrient interactions","authors":"Ezequiel García-Locascio,&nbsp;Edgardo I. Valenzuela,&nbsp;Pabel Cervantes-Avilés","doi":"10.1016/j.plana.2025.100144","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.plana.2025.100144","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Selenium nanoparticles (Se NPs) are a burgeoning trend in agriculture and industry, with promising applications. However, multiple applications also raise concerns about the potential release of Se NPs in the environment and their impact on crops. This study aimed to assess the effects of Se NPs exposure on maize (<em>Zea mays</em>) seeds germinating in trays. We evaluated germination quality, seedling growth, fate of Se NPs, and their interactions with other nutrients at 1, 10, and 50 mg/L. The results revealed that 10 mg/L of Se NPs enhanced the germination rate by 16.6 %, while severely inhibiting it with 50 mg/L. The total chlorophyll content and Total Antioxidant Capacity (TAC) increased in a range of 51.8 – 155 % in the seedlings with the exposure of 10 mg/L; however, the proline content increased to 349.4 % with 50 mg/L. Se NPs showed synergisms with Mo, Mn, Mg, K, and Cu in the seed, Zn and Mo in the seedlings, and antagonisms with Mg, Mn, Fe, and Cu in the seedlings. Se content increased between 90 – 350 % in the seed and 97.6 – 1210.5 % in the seedlings. Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) micrographs showed deposition of Se NPs near the endosperm, where internalization over time could occur. This study reveals that while Se NPs can enhance maize germination and growth at specific concentrations, excessive exposure can severely affect the development of maize seeds and seedlings, potentially leading to significant economic losses.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101029,"journal":{"name":"Plant Nano Biology","volume":"11 ","pages":"Article 100144"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143350516","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Harnessing nanotechnology for sustainable agriculture: From seed priming to encapsulation","authors":"Shivani Mahra ,&nbsp;Sneha Tripathi ,&nbsp;Kavita Tiwari ,&nbsp;Samarth Sharma ,&nbsp;Sobhitha Mathew ,&nbsp;Vivek Kumar ,&nbsp;Shivesh Sharma","doi":"10.1016/j.plana.2024.100124","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.plana.2024.100124","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The pursuit of sustainable agricultural system has ignited a quest for innovative approaches to enhance crop productivity while ensuring ecological equilibrium. Plants, being sensitive to alterations in their surroundings, must evolve complex defense systems against these changes, particularly in the case of abiotic stress, which would otherwise diminish plant productivity. Nano-encapsulation and seed nanopriming are two avant- garde approaches that have the potential to alter the sustainability of agroecosystems. Seed nanopriming involves the strategic application of nanoparticles (NPs) to seeds for crop improvement. Applying NPs through seed priming is a novel and economical method that enhances germination of seeds and plant growth by stimulating physiological processes in plants &amp; offering resilience towards diverse stressors. While on the other hand smart agriculture has reduced reliance on conventional agrochemicals, nano-encapsulation of bioactive compounds offers a complementary approach by providing a long-lasting and controlled release of essential agrochemicals or compounds by using different types of nanocarrier. This review provides insights into recent developments in agriculture, focusing on the opportunities that are associated with the use of nanotechnology for seed nanopriming. In addition, it highlights the materials and technologies that are employed in encapsulating the bioactive compound with NPs. In addition to offering an in-depth review of the benefits and drawbacks of each technique, this study explores the potential of nano-encapsulation and nanopriming to increase agricultural output. It goes into more detail on the technologies' economic worth, emphasizing how they might raise crop yields and profitability. The paper addresses both the potential risks, such as toxicity and long-term consequences on ecosystems, as well as the environmental benefits to present a fair picture of the use of nanotechnology in agriculture.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101029,"journal":{"name":"Plant Nano Biology","volume":"11 ","pages":"Article 100124"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143143729","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biogenic CuO nanoparticles from Camellia sinensis and Pimpinella anisum plant extracts and their role as antimicrobial agents","authors":"André Paganotti ,&nbsp;Carolina Cunha de Freitas ,&nbsp;Roney H. Pereira ,&nbsp;Vitor Gonçalves Vital ,&nbsp;Giovanna S.M. Paiva ,&nbsp;Lucas F. de Lima ,&nbsp;Leonardo Longuini da Silva ,&nbsp;Elizabeth Teodorov ,&nbsp;Ricardo A. Galdino da Silva ,&nbsp;Suzan Pantaroto de Vasconcellos ,&nbsp;Amedea Barozzi Seabra","doi":"10.1016/j.plana.2025.100138","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.plana.2025.100138","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Plant extracts have been successfully used to obtain nanoparticles with superior biological activity. This study assessed the biosynthesis, characterization, antimicrobial activity, and cytotoxicity of copper oxide nanoparticles (CuO NPs) synthesized using the extracts of green tea (<em>Camellia sinensis</em>) or anise seeds (<em>Pimpinella anisum</em>) as reducing and capping agents. These plant extracts presented significant concentrations of important phytochemicals, such as polyphenols and flavonoids. The biosynthesized nanoparticles were characterized by antioxidant capabilities, dynamic light scattering, high transmission electron microscope, thermogravimetric analysis, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction and Uv-visible spectral analyses. Spherical nanoparticles with sizes of 11.31 ± 3.83 nm and 2.98 ± 0.44 nm using green tea and anise were obtained, respectively. Both the extracts and the biosynthesized particles presented antioxidant properties. The antimicrobial activity of both nanoparticles was evaluated against <em>E. coli</em>, <em>S. aureus</em>, <em>P. aeruginosa</em>, and <em>C. albicans</em> by determining the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of the nanoparticles and their ability to disrupt the established biofilm of <em>P. aeruginosa</em>. Both nanoparticles demonstrated significant inhibitory effects, with MIC values of 31.25 µg/mL and 62.50 µg/mL against <em>E. coli</em> and <em>S. aureus</em> strains, respectively, and 15.62 µg/mL for the yeast. At the MIC concentration the nanoparticles inhibited 30 % of the bacterial cells of <em>P. aeruginosa</em> biofilm, and at higher concentrations, the CuO NPs achieved complete inhibition, <em>i.e</em>. more than 99 % of the cells. In these concentrations, the nanoparticles did not present significant cytotoxicity to mammal cells. These findings highlight the promising applications of both nanoparticles synthesized against resilient pathogens.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101029,"journal":{"name":"Plant Nano Biology","volume":"11 ","pages":"Article 100138"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143143728","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Leveraging nano silica and plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) isolated from Gangetic riparian zone to Combat Pendimethalin Toxicity in Brassica juncea","authors":"Samarth Sharma,&nbsp;Sneha Tripathi,&nbsp;Kavita Tiwari,&nbsp;Shivani Mahra,&nbsp;Shivesh Sharma","doi":"10.1016/j.plana.2024.100126","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.plana.2024.100126","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The aim of this study is to explore novel plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) isolated from Gangetic riparian zones and investigates their role in enhancing the resilience of <em>Brassica juncea</em> to pendimethalin toxicity using SiNPs (Silicon nanoparticles). The isolated PGPR was characterized by 16sRNA and its phylogenetic analysis revealed it as <em>Bacillus pulumis.</em> Isolate was examined for its plant growth promotion potential and stress alleviating capabilities. SiNP was utilized as a potential amendment to enhance these effects. <em>Bacillus pulumis</em> showed IAA production, ACC deaminase activity, phosphate solubilisation and siderophore production attributes. Fluorescence microscopy conducted in vivo confirmed the accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), as supported by elevated MDA concentration and reduced membrane permeability. Exposure of <em>Brassica juncea</em> seedlings to 5 μM pendimethalin led to a marked increase in reactive oxygen species (ROS), with superoxide radicals (SOR) rising by 125.58 % and hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) by 159.32 % in roots, compared to the control. The combined application of PGPR and SiNP significantly mitigated this stress, reducing SOR and H₂O₂ levels to 27.91 % and 35.59 % respectively. This reduction is linked to enhanced antioxidant defence mechanisms, as the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) increased by 22.76 % and 28.38 %, respectively, in root of seedlings co-treated with SiNP and PGPR. Pendimethalin alone reduced dehydroascorbate reductase (DHAR) and monodehydroascorbate reductase (MDAR) activity in roots by 28.95 % and 42.11 %, respectively. However, individual supplementation of SiNP and PGPR mitigated this suppression, with drop in DHAR activity reduced to only 12.63 % and 11.58 %, and MDAR by 17.54 % and 22.81 %, respectively. Co-application of SiNP and PGPR further alleviated this inhibition, limiting DHAR reduction to 9.47 % and MDAR to 3.51 %. This suggests that pendimethalin toxicity causes oxidative stress through disruption of redox balance and over production of ROS and the combined action of SiNP and PGPR enhances the antioxidant system, which likely explains the synergistic effect in alleviating pendimethalin-induced toxicity. The co-application of PGPR and SiNP significantly enhanced plant growth parameters, increased photosynthetic pigment content, improved membrane stability, and reduced lipid peroxidation in both leaves and roots. This research underscores the potential of PGPR and SiNP in sustainable agriculture, particularly in mitigating herbicide-induced stress in crop plants.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101029,"journal":{"name":"Plant Nano Biology","volume":"11 ","pages":"Article 100126"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143144166","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nanostructure and plant uptake: Assessing the ecological footprint and root-to-leaf dynamics","authors":"Shadma Afzal ,&nbsp;Nand Kumar Singh ,&nbsp;Arnica F Lal ,&nbsp;Saima Sohrab ,&nbsp;Nivedita Singh ,&nbsp;Pushpraj S. Gupta ,&nbsp;Sanjay Kumar Mishra ,&nbsp;Muhammad Adeel ,&nbsp;Mohammad Faizan","doi":"10.1016/j.plana.2024.100122","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.plana.2024.100122","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Nanostructure design is presented as one of the economically viable technical alternatives for increasing the efficiency of agrochemical use (fertilizers and pesticides) by reducing runoff, increasing foliar uptake and bioavailability, and reducing environmental impact. Nanomaterials (NMs) possess unique properties due to their nanoscale dimensions, typically ranging from 1 to 100 nanometers. At low concentrations, NMs can promote plant growth and development, but at higher doses, they may become toxic, causing oxidative stress, membrane damage, and disrupting key physiological processes. This review aims to comprehensively explore how this toxicity is influenced by NMs properties like chemical composition, dosage, surface structure, and solubility. Gaps in knowledge regarding NMs transport across the root surface and within plants hinder the rational design of NMs for targeted applications. Therefore, this review delves into the physical criteria that affect NMs uptake, translocation, and absorption in plants, as well as the interaction of NMs with plant cells, soil, and their environmental impact. Existing literature on NMs deposited on roots and foliar uptake mechanisms (via stomata, cuticle, trichomes, and necrotic patches) are also examined. The review also discusses how NMs penetrate plant cell walls and utilize plasmodesmata (PD) for translocation between cells, shedding light on the mechanisms and factors influencing these processes. The current knowledge highlights the participation of the symplast, including the PD, in the movement of NMs within the plant. These findings enhance understanding of how plant structure and NM characteristics influence their transport and distribution, aiding the rational design of NMs for controlled uptake and safe application in plants.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101029,"journal":{"name":"Plant Nano Biology","volume":"10 ","pages":"Article 100122"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142722291","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}