Plant Nano Biology最新文献

{"title":"Transforming waste into wealth: Leveraging nanotechnology for recycling agricultural byproducts into value-added products","authors":"Shreshtha Saxena ,&nbsp;M.P. Moharil ,&nbsp;P.V. Jadhav ,&nbsp;Balkrushna Ghodake ,&nbsp;Rupesh Deshmukh ,&nbsp;Avinash P. Ingle","doi":"10.1016/j.plana.2024.100127","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.plana.2024.100127","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The extensive generation of agricultural waste worldwide poses significant environmental challenges. Traditional disposal methods, such as crop burning, contribute to severe air pollution and ecological degradation. Current agricultural waste management strategies often fail to fully utilize the potential of these residues for conversion into valuable resources. This review highlights the transformative role of nanotechnology in upcycling agricultural waste into high-value, sustainable products, thereby advancing the circular economy. Innovations such as nanocatalysts, biodegradable nanomaterials, and nano-enabled agrochemicals have opened efficient pathways for converting agricultural residues into nanomaterials like nanocellulose, biopolymers, bioplastics, nanofertilizers, and biochar. These technologies provide eco-friendly alternatives to conventional materials while addressing pressing global sustainability challenges. Despite technical, regulatory, and market barriers, integrating nanotechnology into agricultural waste management offers immense potential to minimize waste, reduce environmental impacts, and create economic value. This review emphasizes the need for supportive policies, collaborative efforts between industry and academia, and increased public awareness to foster the widespread adoption of nanotechnological innovations. By reimagining agricultural waste as a valuable resource, nanotechnology can drive sustainable development and enhance resource efficiency, paving the way toward a greener and more resilient future.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101029,"journal":{"name":"Plant Nano Biology","volume":"11 ","pages":"Article 100127"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143143732","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Green synthesis of nanomaterials used as nano-fertilizer for sustainability in crop production: A overview on recent advancements and future perspectives","authors":"Muskaan Bansal ,&nbsp;Naveen Jyoti ,&nbsp;Aniket Bharti ,&nbsp;Deepika ,&nbsp;Shweta Sharma ,&nbsp;Manoj Thakur ,&nbsp;Vishnu Chauhan ,&nbsp;Rajesh Kumar","doi":"10.1016/j.plana.2025.100143","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.plana.2025.100143","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Nano-fertilizers (NFs) have attracted a growing interest in the field of green farming. Materials ranging from 1 to 100 nm provide nutrients to different types of plants. NFs have been recognized as cost-effective alternatives for traditional chemical fertilizers to boost the global food supply in an environmentally friendly manner. These NFs constitutes macronutrients and micronutrients that work as carriers for different type of nutrients, and reduce the additional amount of chemical in plants. However, nano-coated materials with the size more than 10 nm manage to enter through the different parts of plants such as stomata, foliar and roots etc. Green synthesized materials-based NFs effect on productivity of different crops plants. For instance, ZnO based nanoparticles (NPs) NFs effect the productions of the crops such as cucumber, peanuts, cabbage and cauliflower. Rare earth oxides nanoparticles-based NFs effect the productions of various vegetables. Iron oxide along with calcium carbonate nanoparticles-based NFs effect the growth of cereals plant. Significantly, green synthesis of Zinc and copper with the extract of basil plant attributes as significant nano-fertilizers. This review research discusses the potential benefits of nanofertilizers in a variety of areas, including agriculture, production, the mechanism of entrance of nanofertilizers into plants, the process of action, and the impacts of nanomaterials in soil. Policymakers have established standard for regulating the dosage, frequency, and time duration of NF’s possible usage in food production.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101029,"journal":{"name":"Plant Nano Biology","volume":"11 ","pages":"Article 100143"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143402582","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Relative performance of granulated and nano urea on productivity and nitrogen use efficiency of wheat–rice sequence","authors":"Kadapa Sreenivasa Reddy ,&nbsp;Yashbir Singh Shivay ,&nbsp;Dinesh Kumar ,&nbsp;Vijay Pooniya ,&nbsp;Radha Prasanna ,&nbsp;Sunil Mandi ,&nbsp;Somanath Nayak ,&nbsp;Kirttiranjan Baral ,&nbsp;Gunturi Alekhya ,&nbsp;Rohit Bapurao Borate","doi":"10.1016/j.plana.2024.100131","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.plana.2024.100131","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The increasing reliance on nitrogen (N) fertilizers in modern wheat and rice varieties has raised concerns about grain quality and environmental sustainability. Nano-fertilizers, particularly nano-urea, have been suggested as alternative use to conventional urea. A two-year field study (2021–22 and 2022–23) was conducted at the ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, to assess the efficacy of granulated urea with and without nano-urea were tested with five nitrogen treatments (0 kg N ha^–1, 130 kg N ha^–1, 97.5 kg N ha^–1 + nano urea foliar spray, 65 kg N ha^–1 + nano urea spray, and 65 kg N ha^–1 + 2 % granulated urea spray). Results indicated that 130 kg N ha^–1 increased wheat and rice grain yields by 28.7 % and 29.4 %, respectively, and N uptake by 62 % in wheat and 52.4 % in rice compared to the control. However, the application of 65 kg ha^–1 + nano urea foliar sprays at the rate of 2.5 l ha^–1 recorded reduced grain yields, by 10.7 %, 9.4 % in wheat and rice, and N uptake decreased by 20.7 and 14.4 % in wheat and rice, respectively, in comparison to 130 kg N ha^–1. Additional net returns of 16.5 % and 16.1 %, along with a higher B: C, were observed with N applied at 130 kg ha^–1 as compared to the 65 kg N ha^–1 + nano urea. The study concludes that applying 130 kg N ha^–1 of granulated urea is more effective for improving grain yield, N uptake, and profitability in the wheat-rice system.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101029,"journal":{"name":"Plant Nano Biology","volume":"11 ","pages":"Article 100131"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143143730","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Editorial: Mechanistic and physiological insights into plant nanotechnologies","authors":"Pragya Tiwari,&nbsp;Ali Raza,&nbsp;Pandiyan Muthuramalingam,&nbsp;Christophe Hano,&nbsp;Jen-Tsung Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.plana.2025.100134","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.plana.2025.100134","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":101029,"journal":{"name":"Plant Nano Biology","volume":"11 ","pages":"Article 100134"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143642384","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Foliar application of selenium nanoparticles, multiwalled carbon nanotubes and their hybrids stimulates plant growth and yield characters in rice (Oryza sativa L.) under salt stress","authors":"Tashima Garg ,&nbsp;Anjali Joshi ,&nbsp;Avneesh Kumar ,&nbsp;Vajinder Kumar ,&nbsp;Neha Jindal ,&nbsp;Amit Awasthi ,&nbsp;Simranjeet Kaur","doi":"10.1016/j.plana.2025.100146","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.plana.2025.100146","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Salt stress (NaCl) is a major abiotic factor that severely affects plant growth and crop yield, with rice (<em>Oryza sativa</em> L.) being particularly vulnerable. Excessive soil salinity has been shown to significantly reduce rice productivity, posing a threat to global food security. To mitigate these adverse effects, research has increasingly focused on using nanomaterials to enhance plant tolerance to salt stress. This study investigates the potential of selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs), multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs), and their hybrid form (SeNPs+MWCNTs) in alleviating NaCl-induced stress in rice plants exposed to 50 mM and 100 mM NaCl. Nanoparticle synthesis, hybridization, and localization in the foliar parts of the plants were confirmed using Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), and fluorescence microscopy with methylene blue dye, respectively. Among the treatments, SeNPs+MWCNTs hybrids (160 µg/mL) demonstrated the most promising effects, significantly enhancing various growth and yield parameters under saline conditions. Notably, this treatment improved shoot length (17 %), root length (14 %), and key yield traits, including shoot dry weight (32 %), root dry weight (31 %), total dry weight (32 %), number of panicles (31 %), panicle length (19 %), panicle weight (22 %), number of spikes per panicle (28 %), spike length (18 %), spike weight (19 %), number of fertile spikelets (32 %), and 100-grain weight (29 %) compared to the individual SeNPs and MWCNTs treatments. These findings provide valuable insights into the potential application of nanomaterials for improving rice growth under saline stress.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101029,"journal":{"name":"Plant Nano Biology","volume":"11 ","pages":"Article 100146"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143610613","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A review on the role of algae-nanoparticles as a sustainable agricultural strategy to improve resilience against abiotic stresses in leguminous crops","authors":"Phetole Mangena","doi":"10.1016/j.plana.2024.100125","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.plana.2024.100125","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Nanotechnology serves as one of the most sustainable and eco-friendly strategy to alleviate food shortage, boost crop productivity and plants’ resilience to environmental stresses. Green synthesis of algae-based nanoparticles remains scantly reported, although several algal species demonstrated high economic and ecological value with the potential to change the face of modern agriculture. This review interrogated the role of algal-NPs as a sustainable agricultural strategy to improve crop growth and tolerance against abiotic constraints. Recent literature reported average increases in morphological attributes (69.09 % and 64.91 %), antioxidant activity (81 % and 52 %) and chlorophyll content (73 % and 68 %) following soil and foliar applications of algal-NPs. Their uptake and involvement in crop metabolism, modulation and regulation of the most vital processes such as photosynthesis, growth, reproduction and grain formation contribute to improved tolerance to abiotic stresses, and occurrence of potential health-related or environmental risks also discussed in this paper. However, the analyses made in this review suggest that algae-based nanomaterials hold a great potential in controlling critical metabolic processes while serving as an efficient and cost-effective agristrategy in achieving high-quality yields, and increasing the plants’ tolerance to abiotic stress factors when applied as biostimulatory compounds in leguminous crops.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101029,"journal":{"name":"Plant Nano Biology","volume":"11 ","pages":"Article 100125"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143143733","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influence of synthesis method on physiochemical properties and antibacterial activity of green synthesized CuO nanoparticles from Laurus nobilis L. leaf extracts","authors":"Selin Haseki ,&nbsp;Yigit Kucukcobanoglu ,&nbsp;Melisa Ayisigi ,&nbsp;Tugba Oztekin ,&nbsp;Lale Yildiz Aktas","doi":"10.1016/j.plana.2024.100128","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.plana.2024.100128","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Copper oxide nanoparticles (CuO NPs) have been extensively utilized across multiple disciplines due to their potent antimicrobial characteristics. This study investigated the synthesis of three distinct CuO nanoparticles through the use of aqueous extracts derived from <em>Laurus nobilis</em> L. leaves. The synthesized CuO NPs were characterized using UV–Vis spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy coupled with energy dispersive spectroscopy (SEM–EDS), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. Surface plasmon resonance bands in the range of 250–285 nm confirmed the synthesis of CuO NPs. FITR spectrometry results revealed CuO-specific vibrations at the 601 cm⁻¹ band. CuO NPs were uniformly distributed, 10–26 nm in size and spherical shaped, as inferred from SEM and TEM images. According to EDS results, Cu content of the nanoparticles was in the range of 3 %–45 %. The antimicrobial activities against gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria, along with yeast, were assessed using the micro-dilution technique. CuO NP1 did not demonstrate antimicrobial activity against the tested organisms. However, CuO NP2 and CuO NP3 demonstrated inhibitory effects on the growth of all tested organisms at 250 µg mL⁻¹, except <em>E. coli</em>, which was inhibited at 500 µg mL⁻¹. The antimicrobial activities of CuO NPs varied based on their copper content. Molecular docking studies were conducted to estimate the binding affinities of CuO NPs towards proteins that played a role in the virulence and antibiotic resistance of pathogens, which indicated a high affinity for PBP2a, Bam A and listeriolysin proteins. These results are encouraging for the design of CuO NPs containing biocides alone or in a composite form.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101029,"journal":{"name":"Plant Nano Biology","volume":"11 ","pages":"Article 100128"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143143735","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bio-inspired facile synthesis of CeO2-TiO2 nanocomposites using calyx leaves extract of Physalis peruviana fruits and their biological assessments: Antibacterial and antioxidant activity","authors":"Bhaskar Dwivedi ,&nbsp;Diksha Bhardwaj ,&nbsp;Praveen Kumar Atal ,&nbsp;Deepika Choudhary","doi":"10.1016/j.plana.2024.100130","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.plana.2024.100130","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Green synthesis has emerged as a transformative approach in nanotechnology, driven by its environmentally friendly, safe, and sustainable principles. In this study, we present a bio-inspired method for the synthesis of CeO₂-TiO₂ nanocomposites (NCs) using phytochemicals extracted from the outer calyx leaves of <em>Physalis peruviana</em> fruits, under ultrasound sonication. This eco-friendly technique not only eliminates the need for hazardous chemicals but also capitalizes on the natural reducing and capping properties of biowaste. The synthesized NCs were thoroughly characterized using fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), UV-Vis spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). Their antibacterial activity was evaluated against various Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, and their antioxidant potential was also assessed. This work highlights the remarkable role of phytochemicals from fruit calyx leaves as bio-templates, facilitating the sustainable production of CeO₂-TiO₂ NCs. The ultrasound-assisted synthesis provides a rapid, energy-efficient, and scalable process for nanocomposite fabrication, demonstrating excellent biocompatibility, uniformity, and stability. Furthermore, the approach not only offers a solution to the challenge of hazardous chemical use in nanoparticle (NPs) synthesis but also contributes to waste management by valorizing agricultural by-products. Our findings underscore the promising applications of green-synthesized CeO₂-TiO₂ NCs in the biomedical and pharmaceutical industries, paving the way for future advancements in eco-friendly nanotechnology.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101029,"journal":{"name":"Plant Nano Biology","volume":"11 ","pages":"Article 100130"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143143736","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nanoencapsulation of essential oil of Piper aduncum: Evaluation of insecticidal activity and phytotoxicity of a botanical pesticide","authors":"Marcia Regina Assalin ,&nbsp;Symone Costa de Castro ,&nbsp;Magdiel Vinicius Mioti ,&nbsp;Viviane Tordolo dos Santos ,&nbsp;Murilo Fazolin ,&nbsp;Moacir Rossi Forim ,&nbsp;Sonia Claudia do Nascimento Queiroz ,&nbsp;Jeanne Scardini Marinho-Prado ,&nbsp;Ljubica Tasic","doi":"10.1016/j.plana.2025.100137","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.plana.2025.100137","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Insect pests are an integral part of the agro-ecosystems. Among them, the fall armyworm (<em>Spodoptera frugiperda</em> - <em>S. frugiperda</em>), one of the most destructive cereal pests in the world, represents a significant threat to global food production. Botanical insecticides offer an eco-friendly pest management strategy to combat this serious issue. <em>Piper aduncum</em> (<em>P. aduncum</em>) provides an available source of essential oil with significant plant protection effects, including biological activity against fall armyworm. However, challenges such as low solubility, instability under environmental conditions, and potential phytotoxicity have limited the <em>P. aduncum</em> essential oil (OPA) widespread use. Nanoencapsulation emerges as a promising strategy to enhance the efficiency of botanical insecticides. This study describes the process of obtaining zein-based nanocarriers loaded with the <em>P. aduncum</em> essential oil using the anti-solvent precipitation method and analyzes the phytotoxicity and biological activity of the nanoformulations against fall armyworms. The <em>P. aduncum</em> essential oil (OPA) was successfully encapsulated in zein nanoparticles with 96 % encapsulation efficiency and exhibited an average size of 220 ± 20 nm, polydispersity indices lower than 0.3, pH 4.3, and positive charge. Phytotoxic OPA effects were not observed in bean plants exposed to the nanoformulation even at the highest concentration applied and an elevated germination index was obtained for seeds exposed to the nanoformulation. Encapsulated essential oil provoked higher mortality rates of <em>S. frugiperda</em> than emulsified ones. Thus, nanoencapsulation can be an efficient strategy for developing botanical pesticides and enhancing insecticidal activity, reducing the phytotoxicity of essential oils like <em>P. aduncum</em>, and promoting sustainable agricultural practices.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101029,"journal":{"name":"Plant Nano Biology","volume":"11 ","pages":"Article 100137"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143144317","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nanofertilizers benefited maize to cope oxidative stress under saline environment","authors":"Abbas Shoukat ,&nbsp;Zulfiqar Ahmad Saqib ,&nbsp;Allah Nawaz ,&nbsp;Kashif Zulfiqar Amir ,&nbsp;Ilyas Ahmad ,&nbsp;Ali Hamza ,&nbsp;Karl Hermann Mühling","doi":"10.1016/j.plana.2025.100141","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.plana.2025.100141","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Nano-fertilizers with higher efficacy compared to conventional fertilizers, offer significant advantages for crop cultivation in both productive and marginal soils. This study aimed to assess the effects of nano and conventional fertilizers on maize plants grown under normal and saline soil conditions (10 dSm⁻¹). ZnO and SiO₂ nanoparticles (NPs) has been synthesized in the lab and characterized using scanning electron microscopy, x-ray diffraction, and ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy before the plant experiment. The treatments included i.e. control, conventional Zn, conventional Si, nano Zn and nano Si, under both non-saline and saline soil conditions. The experiment was conducted under controlled conditions and various physiological, agronomic and biochemical analyses were performed. Results revealed that nano Zn and Si significantly increased the activities of antioxidant enzymes (SOD, POD, CAT, APX) under saline conditions along with growth parameters. Specifically, nano Si reduced malondialdehyde (MDA) content by 41 % and hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) content by more than half under saline conditions, while nano Zn showed significant reductions in both oxidative stress markers. Higher proline content, proteins, relative water and chlorophyll content in plants treated with nano fertilizers demonstrated improved osmoregulation, metabolic homeostasis as well as maintaining water balance and photosynthetic efficiency under stress conditions. This suggests that nano fertilizers can me more effective in improving crop resilience and productivity under salinity stress.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101029,"journal":{"name":"Plant Nano Biology","volume":"11 ","pages":"Article 100141"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143306803","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}