Plant Nano Biology最新文献

{"title":"Bionanotechnology and its applications: The plurality of science is fundamental for the search for solutions","authors":"Mayara Santana dos Santos,&nbsp;Jonathan Medeiros Silva,&nbsp;Mariana Brito Barbieri,&nbsp;S.érgio Antunes Filho,&nbsp;Bianca Pizzorno Backx","doi":"10.1016/j.plana.2024.100060","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.plana.2024.100060","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Over the years, science and technology have enabled improvement in various sectors of society through the development of products, services, and applications. Despite the tremendous scientific development, it is necessary to understand and pay attention to the environmental, social, and clinical consequences generated by developing a new product and service. Bionanotechnology emerges as a multidisciplinary and transdisciplinary science capable of presenting strategies based on sustainability and biocompatibility with living beings. Therefore, it seeks to solve, with plurality, the emerging problems through manipulating matter at atomic and molecular scales and its application in biological systems. One of the bionanotechnological alternatives that this review will address is the use of nanoparticles synthesized from natural extracts with various applications that can solve emerging problems on the planet, such as the excessive use of agrochemicals, resistant pathogenic microorganisms, the misuse of natural resources and improper disposal of plastics. This review aims to present bionanotechnology as a strategy for sustainable development in emerging problems in health, agriculture, and maintaining biodiversity and population problems.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101029,"journal":{"name":"Plant Nano Biology","volume":"7 ","pages":"Article 100060"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2773111124000032/pdfft?md5=b03bb7bf2e7370cc661c4b2cf8f19180&pid=1-s2.0-S2773111124000032-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139548407","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Slow and controlled release nanofertilizers as an efficient tool for sustainable agriculture: Recent understanding and concerns","authors":"Md Salman Haydar ,&nbsp;Dibakar Ghosh ,&nbsp;Swarnendu Roy","doi":"10.1016/j.plana.2024.100058","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.plana.2024.100058","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The growing population is driving up the demand for food, but the inadequate efficiency of traditional fertilizers is constraining crop production. Nanotechnology-based fertilizers represent a novel strategy for boosting agricultural output and show great potential as viable options in the fertilizer industry, as they can significantly enhance nutrient retention and promote optimal growth. Very recently, slow and controlled release nanofertilizers have evolved through the development of nanocomposites or coating techniques with the aid of various chemical entities. These types of slow release nanofertilizers are more effective than normal nanofertilizers as these fertilizers deliver nutrients in a controlled manner and can be regulated by various environmental and physical stimuli (pH, temperature, humidity, etc.). Their nutrient use efficiency (NUE) is also far better than the normal nanoparticles (individual nanoparticles like iron, zinc, copper nanoparticles etc.), as these nanocomposites demonstrate zero or very little nutrient leaching. Utilizing controlled release fertilizers mitigates nutrient loss from volatilization and leaching and offers a meticulously tailored nutrient release system harmonizing with the objective of sustainable agriculture. Therefore, this review article provides insights into slow and controlled release nanofertilizers, including preparation approaches, nutrient-release techniques, analytical detection methods, current status, role in crop improvement, commercial viability, and future perspectives.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101029,"journal":{"name":"Plant Nano Biology","volume":"7 ","pages":"Article 100058"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2773111124000019/pdfft?md5=139503662e2e4e301cc3e8884d6ce4ae&pid=1-s2.0-S2773111124000019-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139536992","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Zn-doped NiO nanocomposites for efficient solar light-assisted wastewater treatment and its profound for low phytotoxic and antibacterial applications","authors":"M. Pavithra ,&nbsp;N. Jeno Blair ,&nbsp;M.B. Jessie Raj","doi":"10.1016/j.plana.2023.100054","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.plana.2023.100054","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The present research aims to eradicate methylene blue toxins (test effluent) in aquatic environments using photocatalytic Zn-doped NiO nanoparticles. Ultrasonic-assisted co-precipitation process was adopted to synthesize Zn-doped NiO nanoparticles. The prepared samples were characterized by XRD, SEM, in vitro antibacterial, phytotoxicity, and photocatalytic analysis. XRD patterns exhibited a solitary phase of Fm3m space-group-cubic-structured Zn-doped NiO crystallites with a preferred orientation along the (200) plane. SEM analysis explored the formation of nanorods with hexagonal ends. Zn-doped NiO is capable of rendering significant antibacterial efficacy against <em>Staphylococcus aureus</em> (MTCC 25923) and <em>Escherichia coli</em> (MTCC 25922) bacterial strains. Zn-doped NiO nanocomposites are appropriate for decomposing methylene blue (MB) contaminants in 120 minutes under direct sunlight irradiation. Hydroponically grown <em>Vigna radiata</em> seedlings and <em>Mentha piperita L</em> plants in dye-deprived water show minimal phytotoxicity and enhanced physiological aspects of plants. The outcome of the current research encouraged bringing new ideas for further utilization of textile MB effluent after photocatalytic treatment to non-domestic applications, such as irrigating roadside plants, public parks, and gardens.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101029,"journal":{"name":"Plant Nano Biology","volume":"6 ","pages":"Article 100054"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2773111123000311/pdfft?md5=ee9b0cac550e00da8725f3aa9b990af5&pid=1-s2.0-S2773111123000311-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138355739","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hybrid nanoparticle systems – Two-way delivery approach for agriculture","authors":"Vanessa Takeshita ,&nbsp;Estefânia V.R. Campos ,&nbsp;Jéssica S. Rodrigues ,&nbsp;Leonardo F. Fraceto","doi":"10.1016/j.plana.2023.100053","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.plana.2023.100053","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Nanometric carriers have great potential for promoting agrochemical target delivery and dose reduction while transforming agriculture into a more sustainable environment. Many nanoplatforms, such as metal, polymeric, clay, and carbon-based, are developed differently. However, new possibilities of a mixture between nanomaterials are explored by scientists called hybrid nanoparticles. The information about these nanosystems was focused on development and characterization, target and non-target effects, and uptake of nanoparticles applied to reach root or foliar pathways in plants. In this scenario, a lack of application possibilities exists and can be explored more in the future. Hybrid nanoparticles can be developed as smart carrier to deliver nanoparticles and agrochemicals in a two-way approach for uptake by root and foliar routes simultaneously in plants. The advance of nanocarrier strategies depends on the design of nanoparticles considering nanomaterial and agrochemical characteristics and target plants. The main gaps and recent reports are discussed here. Furthermore, platforms have been suggested to enable two-way delivery for agricultural applications in more sustainable farming systems.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101029,"journal":{"name":"Plant Nano Biology","volume":"6 ","pages":"Article 100053"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S277311112300030X/pdfft?md5=ca7d5df2c8c596637c24622f1b057675&pid=1-s2.0-S277311112300030X-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134842258","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacious role of silica nanoparticles in improving growth and yield of wheat under drought stress through stress-gene upregulation","authors":"Rekha Boora ,&nbsp;Neelam Rani ,&nbsp;Santosh Kumari ,&nbsp;Shikha Yashveer ,&nbsp;Nisha Kumari ,&nbsp;Sapna Grewal","doi":"10.1016/j.plana.2023.100051","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.plana.2023.100051","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Climate change is now evident and severe water shortage due to unpredictable raining season along with extended summers is expected to hamper crop production across the globe. Application of nanoparticle based formulations is one of the most sought after approach that is being explored currently to alleviate drought stress impact on plants. The present study was aimed to evaluate the potential of biosynthesized silica nanoparticles (silica NPs) in improving the drought tolerance of wheat. Four different concentrations of silica NPs (30, 60, 90, and 120 ppm) were used to treat wheat plants grown under two irrigation regimes- 50% soil moisture content (drought) and 100% soil moisture content (well-watered). The induced drought caused a prominent reduction in both - the crop yield and the morphological parameters of the crop. Foliar application of silica NPs at all concentrations, increased the plant's tolerance towards water stress but 60 ppm concentration was found to be most effective amongst all. After treatment with silica NPs at 60 ppm concentration, the plant height increased by 8.28%, spikes per plant by 98%, seeds per spike by 12.4%, and thousand seed weight by 37.5% as compared to the control. Besides this, expression levels of four drought-stress responsive genes-<em>ABC1, Wdhn13, CHP,</em> and <em>EXP2</em> was also studied. We observed an enhanced expression of all the stress genes after treatment with silica nanoparticles in wheat plants grown under water deficient conditions, clearly supporting the influence of NP treatment at gene/molecular level. In nutshell, we conclude that silica nanoparticles have the potential to significantly ameliorate the negative impact of drought stress by reviving plant growth and modulating gene expression.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101029,"journal":{"name":"Plant Nano Biology","volume":"6 ","pages":"Article 100051"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2773111123000281/pdfft?md5=805d9f47bd54f680af3e4abaa9788492&pid=1-s2.0-S2773111123000281-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"92095237","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Facile bio-genic synthesis of Astragalus sarcocolla (Anzaroot) gum extract mediated silver nanoparticles: Characterizations, antimicrobial and antioxidant activities","authors":"Azar Bazrgaran ,&nbsp;Shaghayegh Mahmoodabadi ,&nbsp;Alireza Ghasempour ,&nbsp;Ebrahim Shafaie ,&nbsp;Amirhossein Sahebkar ,&nbsp;Samira Eghbali","doi":"10.1016/j.plana.2023.100052","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.plana.2023.100052","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The recent increase in antibiotic-resistant bacteria has led to a notable difficulty in medicine, demanding endeavors to fabricate efficient antibacterial substances. Unlike traditional physical and chemical approaches, bio-genic approaches demonstrate various advantages, such as affordability, safety, and speed. The current study presents novel green silver nanoparticles employing <em>Astragalus sarcocolla</em> (Anzaroot) gum extract (<em>ASG</em>-AgNPs). For the first time, the alcoholic gum extract of this plant was used to synthesize silver nanoparticles in order to obtain antioxidant and antimicrobial nanoparticles. After optimizing the fabrication reaction conditions, <em>ASG</em>-AgNPs were characterized by DLS, UV-Vis spectroscopy, TEM, FT-IR, and XRD analyses. The antibacterial and antifungal potential of <em>ASG</em>-AgNPs and <em>ASG</em> extract was examined against <em>Escherichia coli</em>, <em>Klebsiella pneumoniae</em>, <em>Staphylococcus aureus</em>, <em>Enterococcus faecalis</em>, and <em>Candida albicans</em> by the broth microdilution method. Also, the DPPH technique was carried out to investigate the antioxidant property. TEM images displayed a highly even and spherical configuration of <em>ASG</em>-AgNPs, with an average size of 15.76 ± 1.40 nm. <em>ASG</em>-AgNPs exhibited high antimicrobial activity against all examined microbial models. The strongest effects were on <em>Candida albicans</em> and <em>Klebsiella pneumoniae</em> microorganisms, with MIC values of 62.5 and 156.25 μg/ml, respectively. DPPH radical inhibition percentages were raised from 14 to 98 by raising the concentration of <em>ASG</em>-AgNPs from 100 to 800 μg/ml, indicating suitable antioxidant activity. Both the antimicrobial and antioxidant properties of the extract were weaker than <em>ASG</em>-AgNPs, suggesting significant synergism between the extract and AgNPs. These findings demonstrate that utilizing the gum of the <em>Astragalus sarcocolla</em> plant is effective in producing AgNPs, which likely possess significant potential for pharmaceutical and biomedical applications. However, further research is required.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101029,"journal":{"name":"Plant Nano Biology","volume":"6 ","pages":"Article 100052"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2773111123000293/pdfft?md5=067e312bef08cc7f698cee0257c19678&pid=1-s2.0-S2773111123000293-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91981143","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An introductory overview of new article type “Opinion” in Plant Nano Biology","authors":"Durgesh Kumar Tripathi","doi":"10.1016/j.plana.2023.100056","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.plana.2023.100056","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":101029,"journal":{"name":"Plant Nano Biology","volume":"6 ","pages":"Article 100056"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2773111123000335/pdfft?md5=6a749bd797318e720732a69443fb5627&pid=1-s2.0-S2773111123000335-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138582186","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bio-synthesized calcium carbonate (CaCO3) nanoparticles: Their anti-fungal properties and application as nanofertilizer on Lycopersicon esculentum growth and gas exchange measurements","authors":"Thobo Motlhalamme ,&nbsp;Hamza Mohamed ,&nbsp;Amani Gabriel Kaningini ,&nbsp;Garland Kgosi More ,&nbsp;Force Tefo Thema ,&nbsp;Keletso Cecilia Mohale ,&nbsp;Malik Maaza","doi":"10.1016/j.plana.2023.100050","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.plana.2023.100050","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Bio-synthesized calcium carbonate nanoparticles (CaCO₃ NPs) have gained attention because of their cost-effectiveness, minimal toxicity, biological compatibility, cytological compatibility, pH sensitivity, gradual biological degradability and ecological friendliness. As the global population is expected to rise to billions, innovative strategies to enhance crop production are necessary to address poverty challenges. This study assesses the effect of the bioinspired CaCO₃ NPs as nanofertilizers on the development, gas exchange and yield parameters of tomatoes (<em>Lycopersicon esculentum</em>) and their antifungal activity. The trial was conducted in a 2×4 completely randomised design (CRD) with four replicates. The treatments consisted of different CaCO₃ NPs concentrations (Control = 0 mg/L, 50 mg/L, 150 mg/L and 250 mg/L) on two tomato cultivars (Money-maker and Heinz-1370), and the antifungal activity of the CaCO₃ NPs was tested against pathogens that cause diseases in tomato plants. The results demonstrate that CaCO₃ NPs exhibit moderate antifungal activity against <em>Cladosporium cladosporioides</em>, <em>Fusarium oxysporum</em> and <em>Penicillium halotolerans</em> at minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of 125, 250 and 500 µg/mL. Results further show that 250 mg/L exhibits the highest number of leaves on Money-maker, while 150 mg/L gave the highest number of leaves at week 8 for Heinz-1370. The application of 150 mg/L yielded the highest number of flowers in both cultivars compared to other treatments. Remarkably, different CaCO₃ NP concentrations varied the gas exchange parameters and revealed that at concentrations higher than 150 mg/L, the efficiency of water use during the vegetative and fruiting stages was lowered. The highest fruit weight of the Money-maker was observed at 50 mg/L, whereas Heinz-1370’s fruit weight was higher at 250 mg/L, indicating that the two cultivars are affected differently by the foliar application of CaCO₃ NPs. Therefore, the findings of this study suggest that the inclusion of a green synthesis of CaCO₃ NPs as a nanofertilizer has the potential to promote tomato growth and yield.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101029,"journal":{"name":"Plant Nano Biology","volume":"6 ","pages":"Article 100050"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S277311112300027X/pdfft?md5=5527fe7156f9286c7770422719ab0ccb&pid=1-s2.0-S277311112300027X-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91981142","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cerium oxide as a nanozyme for plant abiotic stress tolerance: An overview of the mechanisms","authors":"Jaganathan Sakthi Yazhini Preetha ,&nbsp;Duraisampath Sriram ,&nbsp;Paramasivam Premasudha ,&nbsp;Ramesh Namdeo Pudake ,&nbsp;Muthukrishnan Arun","doi":"10.1016/j.plana.2023.100049","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.plana.2023.100049","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Abiotic stress in plants is considered an important environmental constraint that ultimately reduces agricultural production. Nanotechnology is an advancing technology for improving plant growth and mitigating stress factors in modern agriculture. Cerium oxide, a rare lanthanide in Earth’s crust, holds significant potential in various industrial sectors. Research on engineered cerium oxide nanoparticles has been proven to play a significant role in promoting plant growth and alleviating environmental stress factors at lower dosage levels. The accumulation of cerium oxide nanoparticles benefits plants by improving morphological attributes, antioxidants, and photosynthetic parameters. Application of cerium oxide nanoparticles as nanozymes under abiotic stress conditions activates stress signaling cascades in plants to scavenge the reactive oxygen species (ROS) generated. However, higher dosages can lead to toxicological effects in plants. Higher accumulation of cerium oxide nanoparticles in different plant tissues is critical for reviewing their interference with the food chain and safety. This review covers the impact of cerium oxide nanoparticles on plant performance, abiotic stress tolerance, and the underlying mechanisms when interacting with plants.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101029,"journal":{"name":"Plant Nano Biology","volume":"6 ","pages":"Article 100049"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2773111123000268/pdfft?md5=d54da7315964e456773f4ebd5d84df20&pid=1-s2.0-S2773111123000268-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"92095238","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Role of green synthesized nano iron oxide in alleviating the cadmium toxicity in Brassica oleracea var. italica seedlings","authors":"Nishant Singh ,&nbsp;Manish Kumar Singh ,&nbsp;Ravi Kumar Yadav ,&nbsp;Zeba Azim","doi":"10.1016/j.plana.2023.100055","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.plana.2023.100055","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This work accounts for the green synthesis of iron oxide nanoparticles using <em>Moringa oleifera</em> leaf extract as a stabilizing and reducing agent. The preliminary confirmation of synthesized Fe₃O₄NPs was done by UV–visible spectroscopy in the wavelength range of 190–900 nm. The crystalline nature of Fe₃O₄ NPs was established via X-ray diffraction analysis. FT-IR studies reveal the bioactive phytochemicals present in the <em>Moringa</em> leaf extract based Fe₃O₄ NPs. A DLS particle size analyser was used to determine the size of green synthesized Fe₃O₄ NPs and its spherical morphology was determined by using SEM and TEM techniques. The growth of <em>Brassica oleracea</em> var. <em>italica</em> seedlings was measured by analysing biophysical and biochemical parameters in two concentrations of Fe₃O₄ NPs i.e. 15 mg/L and 30 mg/L alone and in combination with cadmium. Treatments were designated as control C, NP₁, NP₂, Cd+NP₁, Cd+NP_2, and Cd. Fe₃O₄ NPs treated broccoli seedlings showed noteworthy improvement in shoot length, root length, plant biomass, total chlorophyll content, carotenoid content, total soluble sugars, protein content, and nitrate reductase activity, while decline in electrolyte leakage, lipid peroxidation, proline content, superoxide dismutase activity and catalase activity was reported as compared to control. Exposure of iron oxide nano-treatments was found efficacious in reducing cadmium accumulation at a concentration of 30 mg/L. The seedlings exposed to NP₂ (30 mg/L) concentration of green synthesized nano iron oxide increased nutrient uptake and thus stimulating plant growth, and also improved morphological and physiological characteristics of <em>Brassica oleracea</em> seedlings. Therefore, the present study reported that bio-based iron oxide nanoparticles were significantly useful for plant growth, by enhancing the plant defense mechanism in response to cadmium induced toxicity.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101029,"journal":{"name":"Plant Nano Biology","volume":"6 ","pages":"Article 100055"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2773111123000323/pdfft?md5=57feef104aa5dd08972af95df590be66&pid=1-s2.0-S2773111123000323-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138436383","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}