Médecine & Longévité最新文献

{"title":"Fibromyalgie et syndrome de fatigue chronique : les laissés pour compte de la médecine moderne ?","authors":"P. Cherin","doi":"10.1016/j.mlong.2011.01.004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mlong.2011.01.004","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":100903,"journal":{"name":"Médecine & Longévité","volume":"3 1","pages":"Pages 1-2"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.mlong.2011.01.004","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90020370","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Vitamine D : effets sur la santé . Recommandations de bon usage","authors":"C. D. Jaeger, P. Chérin","doi":"10.1016/J.MLONG.2010.06.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/J.MLONG.2010.06.001","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":100903,"journal":{"name":"Médecine & Longévité","volume":"20 1","pages":"182-199"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74358669","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nutrition, régimes et longévité","authors":"C. de Jaeger","doi":"10.1016/j.mlong.2010.11.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mlong.2010.11.001","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":100903,"journal":{"name":"Médecine & Longévité","volume":"2 4","pages":"Pages 165-167"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.mlong.2010.11.001","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72292934","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Le vieillissement osseux : les nouveaux acteurs de communication intercellulaire","authors":"T. Funck-Brentano, M. Cohen-Solal","doi":"10.1016/J.MLONG.2010.05.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/J.MLONG.2010.05.001","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":100903,"journal":{"name":"Médecine & Longévité","volume":"42 1","pages":"200-204"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86266955","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Vitamine D : effets sur la santé . Recommandations de bon usage","authors":"C. De Jaeger ,&nbsp;P. Cherin","doi":"10.1016/j.mlong.2010.06.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mlong.2010.06.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>La prévalence de l’insuffisance et de la carence en vitamine D est importante dans toutes les populations : 50 à 80 % de la population serait déficitaire. L’insuffisance en vitamine D peut être définie par un taux sérique de 25OHD inférieur ou égal à 30<!--> <!-->ng/mL (50 nmol/L) et la carence par un taux inférieur ou égal à 10<!--> <!-->ng/mL. Les valeurs souhaitables en vitamine D se situent entre 30 et 60<!--> <!-->ng/mL. Les supplémentations recommandées par les autorités de santé sont insuffisantes. L’importance de la vitamine D dans le métabolisme osseux est établie de longue date mais des publications récentes ont rapporté les effets extra-osseux potentiels de la vitamine D. L’administration de vitamine D permet de réduire le risque de fractures non vertébrales, d’améliorer la fonction musculaire et de réduire le risque de chutes pour un taux sérique de 25OHD de l’ordre de 30<!--> <!-->ng/mL (soit 75<!--> <!-->nmol/L). On a mis en évidence des associations entre l’apport de vitamine D et la réduction de la mortalité, de certains cancers, des infections, des maladies inflammatoires (diabète, sclérose en plaques), des maladies cardiovasculaires et peut-être de l’arthrose. Mais il n’existe pas d’essais randomisés permettant de prouver qu’il s’agit de liens de causalité. En outre, les taux sériques nécessaires pour obtenir de tels effets ne sont pas connus. Il est nécessaire d’assurer un taux optimal de 25OHD chez tous les sujets, notamment lors de la prise en charge d’un sujet ostéoporotique ou suspect d’ostéoporose.</p></div><div><p>Vitamin D status can easily be assessed by measuring serum 25 hydroxy vitamin D (25OHD) level. However, many experts have claimed that the population-based reference values for 25OHD are too low and that the cut-off value below which vitamin D insufficiency can be defined by serum level above 30<!--> <!-->ng/mL (75<!--> <!-->nmol/L). The main consequences are that vitamin D insufficiency is highly frequent whereas the currently recommended supplementation doses are not sufficient. During the past decade, major advances have reported the importance of the vitamin D on the bone metabolism, and recent studies have suggested the potential nonskeletal effects of the vitamin D. Adequate vitamin D contributes to reduce the risk of nonvertebral fractures, improves the neuromuscular function and reduces the risk of falls when serum 25OHD level are greater than 30<!--> <!-->ng/mL (75<!--> <!-->nmol/L). A possible role of vitamin D has been implicated in the reduction of mortality, of the nonskin cancers, of the risk of infections, of inflammatory diseases, of cardiovascular diseases and maybe osteoarthritis. However, the current level of evidence for associations is weaker than for skeletal effects. It is recommended to measure the serum 25OHD level in all subjects, especially in patients with osteoporosis or at risk of osteoporosis, and to correct the deficiency.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100903,"journal":{"name":"Médecine & Longévité","volume":"2 4","pages":"Pages 182-199"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.mlong.2010.06.001","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72292932","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nouvelles approches en cardiographie d’impédance","authors":"J. Bour","doi":"10.1016/J.MLONG.2010.10.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/J.MLONG.2010.10.002","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":100903,"journal":{"name":"Médecine & Longévité","volume":"55 1","pages":"205-210"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91215676","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nouvelles approches en cardiographie d’impédance","authors":"J. Bour","doi":"10.1016/j.mlong.2010.10.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mlong.2010.10.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>L’intérêt de la mesure du débit cardiaque en cardiologie n’est plus à démontrer. Cependant, les systèmes usuels de mesure de débit cardiaque, invasifs ou non, ont atteint leurs limites. Une nouvelle génération d’impédancemètres cardiaque, PhysioFlow™, s’est développée en proposant une amélioration majeure : l’analyse purement morphologique du signal d’impédance cardiaque qui s’affranchit des aléas de mesures des impédancemètres classiques utilisant la valeur absolue de l’impédance thoracique (piètre reproductibilité interopérateur, difficultés chez les obèses, en cas d’œdèmes pulmonaires, artéfacts de mouvements [pas d’épreuves d’effort], etc…). Utilisant de nouvelles techniques de filtrage et d’analyse des signaux, la précision de ces nouvelles techniques est comparable aux techniques invasives. Sa reproductibilité et sa sensibilité clinique sont excellentes. L’analyse des courbes impédencemétriques et l’utilisation d’outils tels que la croix hémodynamique permettent d’identifier un grand nombre d’anomalies, de diagnostiquer les pathologiques sous-jacentes, de préconiser le traitement adapté et d’en évaluer l’efficacité.</p></div><div><p>The relevance of measuring cardiac output in cardiology is obvious. However the commonly used systems for cardiac output measurement, invasive or not, are outdated. A new generation of impedance cardiograph (ICG), PhysioFlow™, has been developped around a major improvement: the morphological analysis of the impedance signal. This method avoids the limitations of standard ICG using the impedance baseline. These limitations included: operator skill dependency, no obesity, no emphysema and only for immobile patients or very moderate exercise. Using a new high tech filtering technology and pure signal morphology analysis, those new technologies features an accuracy that is now comparable to invasive techniques even in demanding measurement conditions. Furthermore, its clinical reproducibility and sensitivity are unsurpassed. The analysis of the impedance wave-form and the use of software tools like the hemodynamic cross help practitioners to identify anomalies, to diagnose more pathology earlier, to optimize treatments and to evaluate their efficacy.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100903,"journal":{"name":"Médecine & Longévité","volume":"2 4","pages":"Pages 205-210"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.mlong.2010.10.002","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72292929","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Free radical monitoring in human blood following therapy interventions with drugs and natural compounds","authors":"J.G. Ionescu","doi":"10.1016/j.mlong.2010.04.003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mlong.2010.04.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in venous blood, serum and plasma samples from 19 subjects was investigated before and after various therapies by means of a simplified ultra-weak chemiluminescence (CL) methodology. Nine atopic eczema, five multiple chemical sensitive (MCS) patients and five healthy controls were enrolled in this preliminary study. The CL technique resumes in adding a constant amount of venous blood, plasma or serum to a constant amount of buffered lucigenin, followed by a short preincubation and registration of the photon counts over a time period of 600<!--> <!-->s. The in vitro antioxidant activity (AOA) of different drugs and natural compounds was also evaluated at 36.5<!--> <!-->°C by inhibiting a lucigenin-perborate ROS generating source over a 5<!--> <!-->min time interval. Concentrations (0.05<!--> <!-->M) of known water-soluble antioxidants displayed AOÁs ranging between 16.7<!--> <!-->±<!--> <!-->0.6 inhibition units (IU) for <span>l</span>-taurine and 187<!--> <!-->±<!--> <!-->9<!--> <!-->IU for <span>l</span>-ascorbic acid. Teas, natural juices and wines ranged from 1.4<!--> <!-->±<!--> <!-->0.1<!--> <!-->IU (cystus tea) to 292<!--> <!-->±<!--> <!-->12<!--> <!-->IU (cherry juice) and 300<!--> <!-->±<!--> <!-->13<!--> <!-->IU (dry red wine), respectively. Control healthy plasmas showed significantly higher antioxidant activities than MCS plasmas (7.1<!--> <!-->±<!--> <!-->1.6<!--> <!-->IU vs. 1.2<!--> <!-->±<!--> <!-->0.4<!--> <!-->IU) whereas different protein solutions ranged between 1.0<!--> <!-->±<!--> <!-->0.1<!--> <!-->IU (infant formula) and 194<!--> <!-->±<!--> <!-->12<!--> <!-->IU (bovine colostrum). Oral administration of 500<!--> <!-->ml commercial juice mixture (Cellagon) induced a strong increase of photon generation in venous blood and plasma of control subjects, by contrast the same amount of native blueberry juice resulted in an immediate decrease of the ROS generation in both blood and plasma of atopic eczema patients, paralleled by a temporarly increase in the plasma AOA. In vitro addition of disodium-ascorbate (pH 7.0) to serum and the in vivo administration of 8.5–20<!--> <!-->g ascorbate i.v. induced a dramatic increase of the ROS/photon count generation in both systems at 22<!--> <!-->°C associated with a worsening of the clinical course in atopic patients up to 48<!--> <!-->h after the infusion. In vitro addition of different drugs to venous blood and plasma showed an excellent correlation to the “in vivo” intravenous administration of the same compounds (α-lipoate, MgK₂-EDTA, Na₂-EDTA) in the investigated atopic patients. MgK₂-EDTA and α-lipoate temporarly increased the ROS-activity in whole blood whereas Na₂-EDTA depicted an individual time-related ROS-inhibitory pattern. The described CL assays enable a rapid evaluation of ROS generation and antioxidant activity of whole blood, plasma and serum samples at low operational costs. It ","PeriodicalId":100903,"journal":{"name":"Médecine & Longévité","volume":"2 4","pages":"Pages 211-220"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.mlong.2010.04.003","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72292930","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Le vieillissement osseux : les nouveaux acteurs de communication intercellulaire","authors":"T. Funck-Brentano,&nbsp;M. Cohen-Solal","doi":"10.1016/j.mlong.2010.05.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mlong.2010.05.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Le tissu osseux est perpétuellement en remodelage avec une activité de résorption et de formation osseuse. Cet équilibre repose sur des mécanismes de régulations systémiques et locaux grâce à une communication étroite entre les différentes cellules osseuses et permet l’homéostasie du tissu osseux. Au cours du vieillissement, il existe une modification de la balance formation/résorption, mais le couplage est pourtant maintenu. Néanmoins, la balance osseuse (différence entre la quantité d’os résorbe et la quantité d’os forme) est négative. Ainsi, la résorption et la formation sont liées et varient dans le même sens en pathologie comme lors des traitements à visée osseuse actuels. Cette revue rappelle les mécanismes de perte osseuse au cours du vieillissement et fait la synthèse de l’actualité sur les facteurs de couplage, qui représentent une voie d’avenir thérapeutique permettant d’agir spécifiquement sur la résorption ou la formation osseuse.</p></div><div><p>Bone remodeling occurs continuously with a balance between resorption and formation activity. Each phase of the remodeling cycle depends on a close communication between all bone cells. This sequence of resorption followed by new bone formation is called coupling. There are systemic and local regulation mechanisms of these coupling factors. During aging, some of these regulation factors are imbalanced, as well as other changes in bone physiology, which leads to accelerated bone loss. This article will review these modifications of bone tissue during aging and will focus on the main coupling factors that have an impact on actual and future therapeutic.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100903,"journal":{"name":"Médecine & Longévité","volume":"2 4","pages":"Pages 200-204"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.mlong.2010.05.001","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72292931","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Les effets de la nutrition sur la longévité","authors":"M. Gerber","doi":"10.1016/j.mlong.2010.07.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mlong.2010.07.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Chaque espèce vivante semble avoir une longévité fixe, trois semaines pour <em>Caenorhabditis</em> <em>Elegans</em> et 120 ans pour le genre humain. Si relativement peu de nos congénères arrivent à cet âge, le nombre de centenaires augmente rapidement. Les gérontogènes de <em>C. elegans</em> sont bien identifiés ainsi que les facteurs qui peuvent en modifier l’expression. Le facteur majeur semble être la restriction calorique. Même s’il était applicable chez l’homme, il n’est pas sûr que cela serait efficace. L’exercice physique, plus que les antioxydants, pourrait être un facteur influençant la longévité en maintenant la fonction mitochondriale musculaire. S’il n’est pas sûr que la nutrition influence directement la longévité, elle peut au moins participer à la prévention des affections qui sont les premières causes de mortalité, les maladies cardiovasculaires (MCV) et les cancers, en particulier associée à d’autres facteurs du mode de vie. En outre, la nutrition peut agir sur la qualité de la vie du grand âge, améliorer la mobilité ou retarder sa perte, ralentir et/ou diminuer le vieillissement des fonctions cérébrales. Le type alimentaire le mieux adapté paraît être un modèle proche du modèle méditerranéen.</p></div><div><p>Each living species seems to be characterized by a fixed lifespan, 3 weeks for <em>Caenorhabditis</em> <em>Elegans</em>, 120 years for mankind. A small proportion of human beings reach this limit, but the number of centenarians rapidly increases. The gerontogenes of <em>C.</em> <em>Elegans</em> are identified as well as the factors modifying their expression. The most important among them is caloric restriction. However, caloric restriction is not a realistic recommendation for humans, and even though it would be, it is not certain that it would be efficient to modify man lifespan. Physical activity might have an effect on lifespan through the maintenance of mitochondrial function, more than antioxidants. Nutrition is capable to prevent or delay chronic degenerative diseases, which are the first causes of death, cardiovascular diseases and cancers, especially if associated with other lifestyle factors. Beside, nutrition might improve the quality of life of ageing people by improving mobility and decreasing loss of cerebral functions. The best preventive dietary pattern seems to be the Mediterranean pattern.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100903,"journal":{"name":"Médecine & Longévité","volume":"2 4","pages":"Pages 168-181"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.mlong.2010.07.001","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72292933","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}