Measurement: Energy最新文献

{"title":"Virtual inertia extraction from a DC bus capacitor in a three−phase DC/AC inverter-based microgrid with seamless synchronisation operation modes","authors":"Ali Salam Al-Khayyat,&nbsp;Waleed Abdulrazzaq Oraibi,&nbsp;Mustafa Jameel Hameed,&nbsp;Alyaa Muhsen Manati","doi":"10.1016/j.meaene.2024.100024","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.meaene.2024.100024","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>It is crucial to employ power electronics converters for energy transfer in distributed energy resources such as photovoltaics, and wind energy system. Thus, parameters such as voltage, current, active and reactive powers, and frequency referred to the AC side need to be controlled. The local load could be operated either from converter itself or grid, hence the system could be called microgrid. In this paper, the active and reactive powers would be controlled separately when the inverter is connected to the grid. While in the islanded or autonomous mode, the proposed control would support the voltage and frequency. The proposed controller would be designed and function as the synchronous machine's voltage regulator and governor. The virtual synchronous machine is adopted to obtain the inertia and the concept is that the frequency of the grid is linked to the virtual frequency or so called the virtual speed of the rotor. The virtual frequency is obtained directly from the DC bus voltage of the inverter and this is achieved by allowing the DC link capacitor voltage to swing boarder than the grid frequency by making the capacitor voltage imitating frequency of grid. Where the frequency of grid is associated to the virtual frequency which is derived directly from DC capacitor voltage, thus, large level of inertia is extracted. The basic formulation, supervisory control, extraction the inertia from DC capacitor voltage, coordination transition, and evaluation the stability is presented in this paper. The mimic operation of the inverter as Synchronous Machine SM can make the distributed energy resources to be operated in either grid <span><math><mrow><mo>−</mo></mrow></math></span> connected or islanded modes without the need to adopt control structure for the required mode. In addition, it provides robust performance in comparison with the traditional current, voltage and frequency control approaches. Moreover, the controller would be implemented for inverter having any type of filters and it is resilient to any variations in the filter and grid parameters. Furthermore, there is no concerning regarding instability problems, where it achieves the synchronisation smoothly and swiftly, and it is appropriate for implemented digitally.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100897,"journal":{"name":"Measurement: Energy","volume":"4 ","pages":"Article 100024"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142658709","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Special issue on advanced measurements of batteries, fuel cells and other energy storage devices","authors":"Tuan Guo,&nbsp;Yifei Yu,&nbsp;Emanuele Rizzuto","doi":"10.1016/j.meaene.2024.100025","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.meaene.2024.100025","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":100897,"journal":{"name":"Measurement: Energy","volume":"4 ","pages":"Article 100025"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142658710","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biosynthesis of NiO nanoparticles using Senna occidentalis leaves extract: Effects of annealing temperature and antibacterial activity","authors":"Monisha Ganesan ,&nbsp;Ambrose Rejo Jeice ,&nbsp;Prammitha Rajaram","doi":"10.1016/j.meaene.2024.100023","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.meaene.2024.100023","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this work a cost effective and ecofriendly green method for the preparation of NiO nanostructures employing <em>Senna occidentalis</em> (<em>S. occidentalis</em>) leaves extract has been reported. XRD studies show that the 400 °C and 500 °C annealed nanostructures were authenticated as pure face centered cubic phase with an average crystallite size are about 27 nm and 15 nm, respectively. The SEM results show that both the annealed samples were nearly spherical with grain sizes ranging between 65 and 74 nm. The band gap of 400 °C and 500 °C annealed NiO nanoparticles (NPs) was estimated to be 5.28 eV and 5.40 eV, respectively from UV–visible studies while the occurrence of Ni-O stretching in the FTIR spectra validates the formation of NiO. Further this work witnesses that the NiO NPs synthesized from the green route offer better antibacterial activity. The observed maximum zone of inhibition of 500 °C annealed NiO NPs was found to be 20 mm and 19 mm for <em>Serratia marcescens</em> and <em>Bacillus cereus</em> strains and indicates that this material can serve as a prospective drug for biomedical application.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100897,"journal":{"name":"Measurement: Energy","volume":"4 ","pages":"Article 100023"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142560803","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An optimization approach for enhancing energy efficiency, reducing CO2 emission, and improving lubrication reliability in roller bearings using ABC algorithm","authors":"Davood Beyralvand ,&nbsp;Farzad Banazadeh","doi":"10.1016/j.meaene.2024.100021","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.meaene.2024.100021","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Friction and energy waste pose significant challenges in various industrial processes. Lubrication plays a crucial role in reducing friction and optimizing energy consumption. This study focuses on analyzing, simulating and calculation the oil film thickness, friction levels, energy losses, and CO₂ emissions. The objective is to optimize lubrication conditions to enhance performance, improve energy consumption, and maximize lubrication efficiency for rolling bearings in a centrifugal fan. The simulation utilizes ANSYS CFX software, MATLAB programming. The optimal oil viscosity grade is determined based on two objectives by using artificial bee colony algorithm (ABC): minimizing energy consumption (thus reducing CO₂ emission) and achieving the optimal oil film thickness and viscosity ratio. The findings reveal that, under the current lubrication conditions and normal fan operation, energy losses due to oil friction amount to 36.3 MWh per year, with CO₂ emissions resulting from power losses reaching 18,750 kg per year. By transitioning to the optimized oil grade, energy savings of 1.08 MWh per year and a corresponding reduction of 557 kg in CO₂ emissions per year can be achieved.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100897,"journal":{"name":"Measurement: Energy","volume":"4 ","pages":"Article 100021"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142434196","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"PMU-based voltage estimation and distributed generation effects in active distribution networks","authors":"Nida Khanam,&nbsp;Mohd Rihan ,&nbsp;Salman Hameed","doi":"10.1016/j.meaene.2024.100022","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.meaene.2024.100022","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The integration of distributed generation (DG) and phasor measuring units (PMUs) has significantly impacted electrical distribution networks. This study focuses on real-time control of renewable energy intermittency and strategic PMU deployment. By optimizing the placement of PMUs and DGs, the study aims to achieve several goals: maximize power loss reduction, increase DG penetration, and maintain acceptable voltage profiles. The recommended PMU-based approach incorporates the optimal number of DGs into the distribution network for load flow analysis. Testing this technique on 12-bus, 33-bus, and 69-bus networks yielded substantial gains. For example, power loss was 81.044 % lower in the 33-bus system and 79.256 % lower in the 69-bus test system compared to the base-case scenario. We also compared these results with other methods found in the literature. The developed algorithm is recommended for application in a real electrical power distribution network for more efficient integration of PMUs and new distributed generation units. Integrating PMUs with DG benefits active distribution network management, enabling proactive grid management and stability.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100897,"journal":{"name":"Measurement: Energy","volume":"4 ","pages":"Article 100022"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142434195","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Accelerated lithium-ion battery cycle lifetime testing by condition-based reference performance tests","authors":"Evelina Wikner ,&nbsp;Johan Lesser","doi":"10.1016/j.meaene.2024.100019","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.meaene.2024.100019","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Lifetime testing of lithium-ion batteries is time-consuming and costly. To reduce the time-to-market, application-specific accelerated lifetime tests are conducted. The test conditions must be carefully designed and controlled, both the test environment and load profile. During the lifetime test, measurable properties of the cell, most commonly the capacity and internal resistance, are tracked by a reference performance test (RPT). The frequency of RPTs is a variable of the number of test cycles or time. Setting the wrong frequency for the RPT results in either too many RPTs or, in the worst case, too few. To mitigate this issue, a test object capacity-driven approach has been developed. This new method is described and demonstrated in this article conducting the RPTs based on the cycling capacity of the cell. The method ensured the desired numbers of RPTs during the test period at the selected intervals corresponding to steps of 1% capacity loss. When compared to the most used traditional test method, using a fixed number of 200 cycles between RPTs, the method generated 44% more cycles over the initial 100 days.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100897,"journal":{"name":"Measurement: Energy","volume":"4 ","pages":"Article 100019"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142426913","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysis of transmission pathways of combustion-induced vibration in a diesel engine using wavelet cross-correlation analysis method","authors":"Hitoshi Oguchi ,&nbsp;Daiki Hashimoto ,&nbsp;Masato Mikami","doi":"10.1016/j.meaene.2024.100020","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.meaene.2024.100020","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We experimentally investigated the transmission pathways of the combustion-induced vibration by analyzing the in-cylinder pressure, the accelerations on walls near the combustion chamber and the main bearing with wavelet cross-correlation analysis which can obtain both time delay and the correlation on the time between two signals in the frequency domain. The analysis shows that there are three possible transmission pathways of vibration from the combustion impact. First is a direct transmission from the combustion chamber to a wall near the combustion chamber or a wall near the main bearing via an engine surface wall, second is the transmission from the combustion chamber to a wall near the main bearing via the piston, connecting-rod and the crankshaft, and third is a transmission from the combustion chamber to a wall near the main bearing and there is no transmission to a wall near the combustion chamber.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100897,"journal":{"name":"Measurement: Energy","volume":"4 ","pages":"Article 100020"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142426912","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"New parameters for the capacitive accelerometer to reduce its measurement error and power consumption","authors":"Zine Ghemari ,&nbsp;Salah Belkhiri ,&nbsp;Salah Saad","doi":"10.1016/j.meaene.2024.100018","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.meaene.2024.100018","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Capacitive accelerometers are essential components in a wide range of electronic devices, enabling crucial functionalities such as touch sensitivity and proximity detection. Ensuring optimal accuracy is crucial for their effective performance in various applications. A key factor in this accuracy is the frequency margin, a parameter that significantly influences the sensor's ability to detect and respond to changes in capacitance.</p><p>In this article, we will delve deeply into strategies aimed at optimizing capacitive sensors with a focus on improving their frequency margin. By exploring the methodologies and techniques that enhance the sensor's ability to operate within an ideal frequency range, we aim to improve the measurement accuracy of capacitive accelerometers by reducing measurement errors and power consumption. This optimization process involves meticulous calibration of sensor parameters such as sensitivity, resonance frequency, and damping factors to maximize performance under various environmental conditions. The new capacitive accelerometer structure improves sensitivity, linearity, and accuracy through advanced measurement setups and design, offering high-performance acceleration measurements suitable for various applications and reliable data collection and calibration.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100897,"journal":{"name":"Measurement: Energy","volume":"3 ","pages":"Article 100018"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2950345024000186/pdfft?md5=27354cd3bf30a8c047a62a2039a4f237&pid=1-s2.0-S2950345024000186-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142148578","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A quantitative comparison of economic viability, volatile organic compounds, and particle-bound carbon emissions from a diesel engine fueled with biodiesel blends","authors":"Abdulfatah Abdu Yusuf ,&nbsp;Ibham Veza ,&nbsp;Zubeda Ukundimana ,&nbsp;Adolphus Nippae ,&nbsp;Charles Asumana ,&nbsp;Eric Kay Jebboe Jr. ,&nbsp;M.A. Mujtaba ,&nbsp;Islam Md Rizwanul Fattah ,&nbsp;Manzoore Elahi M. Soudagar","doi":"10.1016/j.meaene.2024.100017","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.meaene.2024.100017","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Despite the environmental advantages of biofuel blends, detailed studies on emissions of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), n-alkanes, and particle-bound carbon from diesel engines, particularly when fueled with biodiesel, remain limited. This study addresses these gaps by analyzing biodiesel blends from neem, linseed, and jatropha oils produced via mechanical extraction and assessing their impact on volatile organic compounds and particle-bound carbon emissions in diesel engine. Economic evaluations of production costs, engine modifications, and payback periods are also conducted. The result shows that jatropha biodiesel exhibits a calorific value of 35.7 MJ/kg, while neem biodiesel shows superior oxidative stability due to its low iodine value. Additionally, linseed biodiesel displays favorable cold flow properties due to its high density and cetane value. Compared to D100, the N10 and N30 blend notably reduced high molecular weight PAH emissions by 10.7 % and 38.4 %, respectively, with the N30 blend achieving a remarkable 76 % reduction in formaldehyde emissions. Conversely, the J10 blend increased specific PAHs, while the J30 blend reduced PAHs by 21.3 %. Both L10 and L30 blends showed reduced naphthalene emissions, with the J30 blend notably reducing elemental carbon (EC) by 31.4 %, although organic carbon (OC) slightly increased. In contrast, the N30 blend decreased both EC and OC emissions, demonstrating a dose-dependent relationship between biodiesel concentration and emissions reduction. Overall, Jatropha biodiesel blends offer the best balance of economic efficiency and emission reductions, resulting in shorter payback periods and lower carcinogenic risks. Neem and linseed blends also provide environmental benefits but with varying economic implications, highlighting the trade-offs between production costs and long-term sustainability.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100897,"journal":{"name":"Measurement: Energy","volume":"3 ","pages":"Article 100017"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2950345024000174/pdfft?md5=d3e5d1e5f9f2cb49b0b856085749f837&pid=1-s2.0-S2950345024000174-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142058021","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessing opportunities for enhanced lighting energy conservation via occupancy and daylight monitoring","authors":"Dhairye Gala,&nbsp;Shreya Khetan,&nbsp;Ninad Mehendale","doi":"10.1016/j.meaene.2024.100015","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.meaene.2024.100015","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Efficient energy utilization in buildings is crucial for sustainability. This work proposes an intelligent system that leverages computer vision techniques and CCTV images to assess indoor lighting energy usage based on occupancy, artificial lighting, and daylight conditions. Object detection models - You Only Look Once (YOLO) version 3 (v3) and v8 are employed to detect people, lights, and windows, achieving promising accuracies of 94.9 ​%, 73.3 ​%, and 98.7 ​%, respectively. The system categorizes scenarios as energy-efficient, wasteful, or neutral by integrating these outputs, highlighting opportunities for improving efficiency by harmonizing lighting infrastructure with occupancy and daylight exposure. Performance analyses, including training and validation metrics, are presented. This study demonstrates the potential of computer vision and AI for optimizing energy utilization, enabling sustainable building operation and promoting energy-positive occupant behaviors through sensor-driven methodologies.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100897,"journal":{"name":"Measurement: Energy","volume":"3 ","pages":"Article 100015"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2950345024000150/pdfft?md5=cc642ea6fe19b9d2a1bd0f2e3806b4cd&pid=1-s2.0-S2950345024000150-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141962366","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}