Malignancy Spectrum最新文献

{"title":"Comparison of irinotecan/carboplatin versus etoposide/carboplatin for extended disease small cell lung cancer (ED-SCLC): A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials","authors":"Zeeshan Afzal,&nbsp;Sara Hira,&nbsp;Xia Song,&nbsp;Na Wang","doi":"10.1002/msp2.46","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/msp2.46","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Platinum-based chemotherapy in addition to the non-platinum agent etoposide is the standard of care for extensive-stage small cell lung cancer (ES-SCLC). However, the front-line chemotherapy regimen is not known. Therefore, we aimed to perform this review comparing irinotecan/carboplatin (IC) and etoposide/carboplatin (EC) in patients of extended disease small cell lung cancer (ED-SCLC).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We searched three databases, that is, PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library. The outcomes for complete response (CR), median overall survival (OS), and progression-free survival (PFS) were evaluated. In addition, adverse events such as leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, anemia, diarrhea, and infections were also assessed. RevMan 5.4.1 was used to perform the statistical analysis.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Three randomized controlled trials (RCTs) with 676 patients were included. There was a significant difference between IC and EC arms in terms of CR (risk ratio [RR] = 2.52; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.20−5.32; <i>p</i> = 0.02, <i>I</i>^<i>2</i> (i.e., the percentage of the total variance that is due to between-study heterogeneity) = 0%), leukopenia (RR = 0.47; 95% CI: 0.23−0.97; <i>p</i> = 0.04; <i>I</i>^<i>2</i> = 90%), amimia (RR = 0.55; 95% CI: 0.38−0.78; <i>p</i> = 0.0008; <i>I</i>^<i>2</i> = 0%), thrombocytopenia (RR = 0.51; 95% CI: 0.39–0.68; <i>p</i> = 0.00001; <i>I</i>^<i>2</i> = 0%), and diarrhea (RR = 4.88; 95% CI: 1.64−14.49; <i>p</i> = 0.004; <i>I</i>^<i>2</i> = 33%). There was no statistically significant difference between IC and EC arms in terms of median OS (hazard ratio [HR] = 1.16; 95% CI: 0.84−1.62; <i>p</i> = 0.37; <i>I</i>^<i>2</i> = 74%), PFS (HR = 1.04; 95% CI: 0.69−1.56; <i>p</i> = 0.85; <i>I</i>^<i>2</i> = 77%), nausea (RR = 1.70; 95% CI: 0.76−3.81; <i>p</i> = 0.19; <i>I</i>^<i>2</i> = 0%), infection (RR = 0.97; 95% CI: 0.64−1.48; <i>p</i> = 0.89; <i>I</i>^<i>2</i> = 0%), and treatment-related deaths (RR = 0.58; 95% CI: 0.24−1.42; <i>p</i> = 0.23; <i>I</i>^<i>2</i> = 0%).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This meta-analysis provides valuable evidence supporting the superiority of IC regimens over EC regimens in terms of CR and toxicity profile for ED-SCLC.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":100882,"journal":{"name":"Malignancy Spectrum","volume":"1 4","pages":"300-311"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/msp2.46","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143253729","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The reliability of multi-source data linkage for population-based cancer survival estimates: A study in a metropolitan cancer registry of China","authors":"Yubing Shen,&nbsp;Ruiying Fu,&nbsp;Xiaofeng Wang,&nbsp;Xinyu Zhang,&nbsp;Ying Zhou,&nbsp;Yiheng Zhou,&nbsp;Jue Liu,&nbsp;Dan Mei,&nbsp;Bingfeng Han,&nbsp;Li Li,&nbsp;Shaoming Wang,&nbsp;Ru Chen,&nbsp;Kexin Sun,&nbsp;Hong Lin,&nbsp;Huijuan Mu,&nbsp;Ke Sun,&nbsp;Hongmei Zeng,&nbsp;Wenqiang Wei","doi":"10.1002/msp2.43","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/msp2.43","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Population-based cancer survival is a key metric in evaluating the overall effectiveness of health services and cancer control activities. Advancement in information technology enables accurate vital status tracking through multi-source data linkage. However, its reliability for survival estimates in China is unclear.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We analyzed data from Dalian Cancer Registry to evaluate the reliability of multi-source data linkage for population-based cancer survival estimates in China. Newly diagnosed cancer patients in 2015 were included and followed until June 2021. We conducted single-source data linkage by linking patients to Dalian Vital Statistics System, and multi-source data linkage by further linking to Dalian Household Registration System and the hospital medical records. Patient vital status was subsequently determined through active follow-up via telephone calls, referred to as comprehensive follow-up, which served as the gold standard. Using the cohort method, we calculated 5-year observed survival and age-standardized relative survival for 20 cancer types and all cancers combined.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Compared to comprehensive follow-up, single-source data linkage overestimated 5-year observed survival by 3.2% for all cancers combined, ranging from 0.1% to 8.6% across 20 cancer types. Multi-source data linkage provided a relatively complete patient vital status, with an observed survival estimate of only 0.3% higher for all cancers, ranging from 0% to 1.5% across 20 cancer types.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Multi-source data linkage contributes to reliable population-based cancer survival estimates in China. Linkage of multiple databases might be of great value in improving the efficiency of follow-up and the quality of survival data for cancer patients in developing countries.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":100882,"journal":{"name":"Malignancy Spectrum","volume":"1 3","pages":"205-216"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/msp2.43","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142276614","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Neural network models based on clinical characteristics for predicting immunotherapy efficacy in small cell lung cancer","authors":"Wei Li,&nbsp;Zhaoxin Chen,&nbsp;Mingjun Lu,&nbsp;Zhendong Lu,&nbsp;Siyun Fu,&nbsp;Yuhua Wu,&nbsp;Hong Tao,&nbsp;Liang Shi,&nbsp;Teng Ma,&nbsp;Jinghui Wang","doi":"10.1002/msp2.41","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/msp2.41","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Immunotherapy combined with chemotherapy has been approved as first-line therapy for small cell lung cancer (SCLC) due to the survival benefit in randomized controlled trials. However, predicting its efficacy remains a challenge in the absence of currently available biomarkers.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A total of 140 individuals with SCLC who received immunotherapy were evaluated retrospectively. These patients were split into two distinct cohorts, the discovery cohort (80% of the total, <i>n</i> = 112) and the validation cohort (20% of the total, <i>n</i> = 28). The objective response rate (ORR), disease control rate (DCR), and responder (progression-free survival [PFS] &gt; 6 months) were all predicted using neural networks.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We developed predictive models for three clinical outcomes. ORR scored 0.8964 area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) in the discovery cohort and 0.8421 AUC in the validation cohort. DCR model had AUC of 0.8618 in the discovery cohort and AUC of 0.7396 in the validation cohort. The responder model had AUC of 0.8116 in the discovery cohort and AUC of 0.7041 in the validation cohort. The models were then compressed into a doctor-friendly tool.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>These neural network-based models, which are based on routine clinical characteristics, accurately predict the efficacy of immunotherapy in patients with SCLC, particularly in terms of ORR.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":100882,"journal":{"name":"Malignancy Spectrum","volume":"1 3","pages":"162-174"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/msp2.41","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142276578","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Estrogen and progesterone receptor expression: Impacts on platinum sensitivity and survival outcomes in high-grade serous ovarian cancer","authors":"Behzat Can,&nbsp;Ezgi Roza Gül,&nbsp;Hüseyin Salih Semiz,&nbsp;Kemal Hansu,&nbsp;Volkan Karataşlı,&nbsp;Sevil Sayhan,&nbsp;Muzaffer Sancı","doi":"10.1002/msp2.42","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/msp2.42","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study aimed to explore the impact of patient-specific factors on the effectiveness of platinum-based chemotherapy in ovarian cancer patients. Specifically, we investigated the relationship between estrogen receptor (ER) and progesterone receptor (PR) expression levels and platinum sensitivity, and how this influenced treatment outcomes and prognosis. We conducted a survival analysis on patients who underwent surgical treatment for serous ovarian cancer and received platinum-based adjuvant therapies.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study was a retrospective observational analysis of 171 patients with high-grade serous ovarian cancer. We extracted and analyzed the patients' clinical data, focusing on platinum sensitivity concerning hormone receptor expression. We also assessed survival outcomes based on receptor expression and platinum resistance.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Our findings revealed that 78.4% (<i>n</i> = 134) of the patients were platinum-sensitive, while 21.6% (<i>n</i> = 37) were platinum-resistant. The expression of hormone receptors showed significant associations with platinum sensitivity, particularly among ER-positive patients (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05). Age, disease stage, preoperative carbohydrate antigen 125 (CA125) levels, and residual tumor size were identified as notable factors influencing both progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS). In terms of PFS, 88.5% of patients remained free from disease progression after one year, but this percentage dropped to 21% after five years. The average duration of PFS was 35.3 months. As for OS, 93.5% of patients were still alive after one year, but this percentage decreased to 50.5% after five years. The average survival duration was 64 months. Furthermore, platinum resistance was found to be a significant risk factor for disease progression, with a more than fivefold increase in risk (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.001).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Our study identified disease stage progression, ER negativity, and platinum resistance as the primary factors influencing OS. We also found that ER and PR expression played a crucial role in determining the sensitivity to platinum-based chemotherapy in patients with serous ovarian cancer.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":100882,"journal":{"name":"Malignancy Spectrum","volume":"1 3","pages":"189-196"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/msp2.42","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142276579","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of PD-1/PD-L1 immune checkpoint inhibitor in squamous and nonsquamous non-small cell lung cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis","authors":"Zhenjie Dai,&nbsp;Jing Chen,&nbsp;Yong Wang","doi":"10.1002/msp2.40","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/msp2.40","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The effects of programmed cell death protein 1/programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-1/PD-L1) immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) in patients with squamous and nonsquamous non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) remain controversial. We conducted a meta-analysis to summarize the existing evidence on this topic.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We searched PubMed, Medline, and Embase for studies published before December 1, 2022, comparing PD-1/PD-L1 ICIs with docetaxel in squamous and nonsquamous NSCLC patients in any language. The different hazard ratio (HR) values for overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) were calculated in this study.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A total of seven studies were identified. In a summary analysis of all studies, the HR values of OS in patients with nonsquamous and squamous NSCLC were 0.73, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.67–0.79 and 0.70, 95% CI: 0.62–0.79, respectively. In patients with PD-L1 expression levels of 1% or higher, the HR values of OS in nonsquamous and squamous NSCLC patients were 0.60, 95% CI: 0.49–0.74 and 0.72, 95% CI: 0.54–0.96, respectively. The HR values of OS in nonsquamous and squamous NSCLC patients with PD-L1 expression levels of 5% or higher were 0.46, 95% CI: 0.35–0.59 and 0.55, 95% CI: 0.39–0.79, respectively. In nonsquamous and squamous NSCLC patients with PD-L1 expression levels of 10% or higher, the HR values of OS were 0.42, 95% CI: 0.32–0.54, and 0.53, 95% CI: 0.36–0.78, respectively.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The meta-analysis demonstrated possible evidence that there was different efficacy of PD-1/PD-L1 ICIs on OS in squamous and nonsquamous NSCLC patients with different PD-L1 expression levels. Subgroup analysis showed that there was a greater OS benefit in patients with nonsquamous NSCLC.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":100882,"journal":{"name":"Malignancy Spectrum","volume":"1 3","pages":"197-204"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/msp2.40","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142276590","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Persistent response to combination treatment of pemigatinib and chemotherapy in a patient with advanced gastric cancer: A case report","authors":"Jing Wu,&nbsp;Yuehong Cui,&nbsp;Shan Yu","doi":"10.1002/msp2.39","DOIUrl":"10.1002/msp2.39","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study aimed to report the treatment and outcomes of a patient with advanced gastric cancer (GC) using a combination of a targeted molecular therapy and chemotherapy.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Patients and methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A 40-year-old woman presented with abdominal metastatic nodules and peritoneal effusion. Biopsy and cytology identified signet ring cell carcinoma. Ten months after the onset of initial symptoms, gastroscopy confirmed signet ring cell carcinoma of the gastric body. Genetic testing revealed amplification of the fibroblast growth factor receptor (<i>FGFR</i>) gene. Consequently, the patient received FGFR inhibitor pemigatinib in addition to a chemotherapy regimen of albumin paclitaxel plus 5-fluorouracil.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>During the treatment, the patient experienced recurrent liver function abnormalities and intestinal obstruction, which were managed with symptom-specific medications and supportive therapies. The combined treatment regimen resulted in a progression-free survival (PFS) period of ten months.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The integration of FGFR inhibitor pemigatinib with standard chemotherapy showed promising results in prolonging PFS in a patient with advanced GC characterized by <i>FGFR</i> gene amplification, despite the occurrence of manageable side effects.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":100882,"journal":{"name":"Malignancy Spectrum","volume":"1 3","pages":"217-222"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/msp2.39","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141805878","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hotspots and frontiers in cervical cancer research: A bibliometric and visualization analysis from 2013 to 2022","authors":"Haomeng Zhang,&nbsp;Yunkai Xie,&nbsp;Shuning Chen,&nbsp;Chunjie Piao,&nbsp;Chu Zhang,&nbsp;Weimin Kong","doi":"10.1002/msp2.28","DOIUrl":"10.1002/msp2.28","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Cervical cancer is a highly aggressive cancer that seriously affects the physical and mental health and quality of life of women, especially for women in developing countries. Therefore, cervical cancer has always been the focus of research, and in recent years, various studies on cervical cancer have emerged one after another.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Our study aimed to illustrate the development trends in cervical cancer research in China from 2013 to 2022 and compare the findings with studies in other parts of the world during the same period by using bibliometric analysis and the Science Citation Index Expanded. Literature data were analyzed and visualized by using CiteSpace and VOSviewer.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The results show that the number of articles on cervical cancer has increased in recent years, among which articles on the pathogenesis and epidemiological characteristics of cervical cancer account for the majority. The research in China has developed rapidly in recent years, but there is still a certain gap compared with other developed countries.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Bibliometric and visualization analyses offer a unique and objective perspective in the field of cervical cancer and may assist scholars in identifying new research directions.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":100882,"journal":{"name":"Malignancy Spectrum","volume":"1 3","pages":"175-188"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/msp2.28","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141832066","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Forty years of practice against gastric cancer in Linqu County, a high-risk area of gastric cancer in China","authors":"Kai-Feng Pan,&nbsp;Wen-Qing Li,&nbsp;Wei-Cheng You","doi":"10.1002/msp2.38","DOIUrl":"10.1002/msp2.38","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Gastric cancer (GC) is a global public health burden, with nearly one million new cases diagnosed each year worldwide. To investigate the risk factors and the prevention strategies for GC, in the past 40 years, a series of epidemiological studies have been carried out in Linqu County, Shandong Province, a high-risk area of GC in China. Here, we briefly review the major efforts of 40-year practices against GC in Linqu County, particularly highlighting a case-control study to identify GC risk factors, a cohort study to determine the associations between the risk factors and the progression of gastric lesions, and an intervention trial to prevent GC development.</p>","PeriodicalId":100882,"journal":{"name":"Malignancy Spectrum","volume":"1 3","pages":"141-146"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/msp2.38","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141665579","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Keep pace with digital innovations","authors":"Zi Wang,&nbsp;Wenfeng Tu,&nbsp;Yi Yang","doi":"10.1002/msp2.31","DOIUrl":"10.1002/msp2.31","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;At the beginning of 2024, the artificial intelligence company OpenAI introduced Sora, an innovative artificial intelligence digital product, marking a new milestone in digital technology. In this digital era, our Editorial Office is concerned with how to harness the innovations in scientific communication and translate them into potential advantages for scientific journals to support the development of &lt;i&gt;Malignancy Spectrum&lt;/i&gt; (MSP). MSP boasts significant strengths in timely publication, academic credibility, professional focus, and international engagement. Presently, new digital formats continue to emerge, infusing scientific communication with renewed vigor. These advancements have the potential to greatly enhance the influence of MSP in the scientific communication landscape.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Scientific communication is a broad concept that arises from the interaction between science and society, encompassing the dissemination of scientific information, popularization of scientific knowledge, advocacy for scientific methods, and cultivation of scientific culture. Scientific journals serve as a crucial social link for addressing scientific issues: they represent one of the primary channels for scientific communication, conveying the latest research findings and theories. Moreover, scientific journals play a pivotal role in maintaining the integrity and reliability of scientific communication methodologies. They also serve as essential conduits for disseminating scientific knowledge and improving scientific literacy between the academic community and the general public. The principles and guidelines of scientific communication are deeply rooted in the operational practices of scientific journals. The advancement of scientific journals contributes to the evolution of scientific communication principles, highlighting an intimate interconnection between the two. Therefore, innovation in scientific communication guides the evolution of scientific journals, while the digitization of scientific communication introduces new dynamics in their development.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;With the rapid advancement of digital technology, the modes of scientific communication have evolved from traditional text and images to encompass multimedia and virtual technologies, thereby altering the delivery of scientific content. For instance, the progression of digital technology has introduced multimedia formats such as videos, audio, and animations, alongside virtual digital technologies like virtual reality (VR), augmented reality (AR), and mixed reality (MR). Artificial intelligence products such as ChatGPT and Sora facilitate diverse forms of scientific communication. This diversification not only offers novel tools and platforms for scientific communication but also significantly amplifies audience engagement, enabling immersive interaction. For instance, users can utilize Sora to construct digital environments, experience intricate scientific phenomena firsthand via VR technology, visu","PeriodicalId":100882,"journal":{"name":"Malignancy Spectrum","volume":"1 4","pages":"223-224"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/msp2.31","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141273883","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The necessary role of an efficient tumor immunotherapy by MHC II expression on amateur APCs","authors":"Jiaxin Zhong,&nbsp;Xiaorong Lin,&nbsp;Hai Hu","doi":"10.1002/msp2.29","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/msp2.29","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Antigen presentation, as the initial step in inducing the activation of T lymphocytes, plays a crucial role in antitumor response. Studies concentrating on major histocompatibility complex class II (MHC II) molecules and the activated CD4⁺ helper T (Th) cells have gained popularity in light of the past limited efficacy of MHC I-activated CD8⁺ T cells alone. In general, MHC II is canonically expressed by professional antigen-presenting cells (pAPCs), yet attempts to increase antigen presentation by dendritic cell (DC) activation have mostly been unsuccessful. In recent years, a number of studies have found that a variety of cells, including cancer cells, fibroblasts, vascular endothelial cells (VECs), and lymphoid stromal cells (LSCs), are considered amateur APCs (aAPCs) and can express MHC II molecules, which have piqued the interest of researchers. These groups vastly outnumber DCs or macrophages, and it has been confirmed that they also qualify as antigen-presenting complexes that are functionally related to conventional pAPCs. Herein, we will review current research regarding the antigen presentation process of MHC II, its advances in APC surfaces, especially for aAPCs, the special mechanisms of regulation of MHC II on aAPCs, and combination therapy targeting MHC II as a possible treatment strategy in cancer.</p>","PeriodicalId":100882,"journal":{"name":"Malignancy Spectrum","volume":"1 3","pages":"147-161"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/msp2.29","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142276592","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}