Malignancy Spectrum最新文献

{"title":"Gastric microbiota and its role in gastric carcinogenesis","authors":"Xiaowen Jiang,&nbsp;Lei Peng,&nbsp;Li Zhang,&nbsp;Zhexuan Li,&nbsp;Tong Zhou,&nbsp;Jingying Zhang,&nbsp;Wenqing Li,&nbsp;Weicheng You,&nbsp;Yang Zhang,&nbsp;Kaifeng Pan","doi":"10.1002/msp2.15","DOIUrl":"10.1002/msp2.15","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Gastric cancer (GC) is one of the most common malignancies globally, the occurrence of which undergoes a multistage chronic evolutionary process. It is a great public health issue to deeply understand the mechanisms of GC development and factors affecting the evolution of gastric lesions. <i>Helicobacter pylori</i> infection has been identified as one of the main factors for gastric carcinogenesis and microbial dysbiosis. With the advances in molecular biology techniques, other gastric microbes besides <i>H. pylori</i> have been observed to play an essential role in the development of GC. Previous animal model studies suggested that specific and critical microbes in the stomach can accelerate the malignant transformation of gastric mucosa and the progression of gastric lesions to GC. Recently, the composition of human gastric microbiota has been investigated from stages of precancerous lesions to GC, including characteristics of gastric microbiota diversity, lesion-associated differential microbes, predicted microbiota-related functions, microbiota interactions, and microbial mechanisms in gastric carcinogenesis. In this review, we provide an overview of the gastric microbiota, summarize current studies exploring the roles of microbiota in gastric carcinogenesis, and illustrate the significance and prospects of integrative multiomics analysis combined with the microbiome in gastric carcinogenesis.</p>","PeriodicalId":100882,"journal":{"name":"Malignancy Spectrum","volume":"1 1","pages":"2-14"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/msp2.15","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88216138","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prognostic ability of the neoadjuvant rectal (NAR) score in long-course concurrent chemoradiotherapy for patients with locally advanced rectal cancer: a retrospective cohort study","authors":"Siyi Lu,&nbsp;Ran Peng,&nbsp;Xianan Li,&nbsp;Zhaoyu Chen,&nbsp;Yi Zhou,&nbsp;Ruize Qu,&nbsp;Xin Zhou,&nbsp;Qiuxiang Zhang,&nbsp;Yuxia Wang,&nbsp;Xuemin Li,&nbsp;Tao Sun,&nbsp;Hao Wang,&nbsp;Wei Fu","doi":"10.1002/msp2.14","DOIUrl":"10.1002/msp2.14","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The aims of this study were to evaluate the prognostic ability of the neoadjuvant rectal (NAR) score and to develop and validate a nomogram based on the NAR for patients with locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC) treated with neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (nCRT).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In total, 307 patients, including 230 patients from the primary cohort and 77 from the external cohort, were enrolled across the two centers. The associations of the NAR score with the tumor response, tumor control, and clinicopathological parameters were analyzed. Survival analysis was performed in the primary and external cohorts using Kaplan‒Meier curves. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to evaluate the prognostic factors. The NAR-based nomogram was developed in the primary cohort and validated in the external cohort using the concordance index (C-index), calibration plots, and decision curve analyses (DCAs).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Kaplan‒Meier survival analysis revealed that the disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) of the NAR &gt; 16 group were significantly lower than those of the NAR ≤ 16 group (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.001). Multivariate Cox regression analysis identified the NAR score as an independent prognostic factor for both DFS (hazard ratio [HR] = 2.484, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.159−5.323, <i>p</i> = 0.019) and OS (HR = 4.633, 95% CI: 1.076−19.941, <i>p</i> = 0.04). Calibration plots and DCAs showed that NAR-based nomograms for DFS and OS were consistent and useful in clinical practice. Moreover, the C-indexes of the NAR-based nomograms were better than those of the other variables in both the primary and external cohorts.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Our study validates the prognostic role of the NAR score for DFS and OS. The NAR-based nomogram for OS could accurately predict the outcome of LARC patients by stratifying the risk score accordingly.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":100882,"journal":{"name":"Malignancy Spectrum","volume":"1 1","pages":"53-63"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/msp2.14","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73622847","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}