Malignancy Spectrum最新文献

{"title":"Extracellular vesicle-based biomarker in head and neck cancer: prospects and challenges","authors":"Linlin Wang,&nbsp;Ling Li,&nbsp;Guiquan Zhu","doi":"10.1002/msp2.24","DOIUrl":"10.1002/msp2.24","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) represents the sixth most common malignancy worldwide. However, very few established diagnostic biomarkers for HNSCC have been universally applied in clinical practice. Recently, much attention has been paid to extracellular vesicles (EVs) regarding their roles as cancer biomarkers because EVs carry plentiful cargoes, including lipids, proteins, nucleic acids, and metabolites. In HNSCC, several molecules carried by EVs, which are derived from peripheral blood and saliva, have been implicated to be effective in cancer detection, staging, treatment planning, response monitoring, and prognosis prediction. Although several EV molecules have been identified to be significantly correlated with a set of clinical-pathological parameters of HNSCC, several key limitations need to be resolved before the clinical application of EVs as carriers of biomarkers in HNSCC. In this review, we discuss current knowledge in the literature regarding EV-based biomarkers in HNSCC, emphasizing current limitations of their clinical applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":100882,"journal":{"name":"Malignancy Spectrum","volume":"1 2","pages":"75-90"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/msp2.24","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140735259","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A broad scope, a broad readership, and a broad purpose","authors":"Qimin Zhan,&nbsp;Weimin Li,&nbsp;Wei Fu,&nbsp;Conor C. Lynch","doi":"10.1002/msp2.26","DOIUrl":"10.1002/msp2.26","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The long battle with cancer began centuries ago and despite many victories, the overall incidence continues to rise and it sometimes feels like that we are losing the war. The high rates and mortality of cancer have brought an increasing burden to society and so defeating the disease remains an urgent and unmet clinical need. In recent years, there has been a profound development of new knowledge and technologies that are widely employed in cancer research across multiple disciplines and even moreso, across the world. In modern times, it is hard to keep up with these breakthroughs, especially when they occur in varying regions. To address this, we are delighted to announce the launch of <i>Malignancy Spectrum</i> (MSP) in a bid to bring global advances in these disciplines together in one place.</p><p>MSP is an international open-access journal that intends to publish cutting-edge research in cancer biology and translational sciences that should be beneficial to the field of cancer research and clinical practice. The mission of MSP is to influence global cancer research and make contributions to an understanding of cancer biology and the development of novel therapeutic approaches by publishing peer-reviewed original research and thought-provoking reviews that accelerate the conversion application from bench-side to bed-side.</p><p>The content published in MSP will reach a broad range of scientists and clinicians across the field of cancer research. MSP publishes research articles in three categories: fundamental or translational research; clinical trials or epidemic cohorts; and novel biomedical technologies that would promote the development of cancer research.</p><p>We encourage submissions presenting innovative findings that create new directions in the research of cancer biology, as well as investigations that enrich our understanding of cancer prevention, clinical diagnosis, and treatment. This includes, but is not limited to, fundamental and translational work, clinical trials in all areas of cancer including studies in cancer genomics and tumor biomarkers, and developments in therapeutic approaches that contribute to prevention, diagnostics, treatment, and healthcare. We will also publish reviews that cover recent literature and author's options in such exciting fields.</p><p>MSP is dedicated to building a bridge and applying a platform for communications between scientists, clinicians, and readers, including nonexperts who are interested in the field of oncology research. We are eager to collaborate with authors and reviewers to produce the best clinical and translational advances. MSP's professional in-house scientific editors work closely with authors, reviewers, and the journal's editorial board to ensure an efficient editorial process, fair and robust peer review, and rapid dissemination and communication of your research.</p><p>We highly appreciate your support in MSP and wish to work together with you to build a wonderful academ","PeriodicalId":100882,"journal":{"name":"Malignancy Spectrum","volume":"1 1","pages":"1"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/msp2.26","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140743742","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Acute coronary syndrome in a patient with gastric cancer treated by immune checkpoint inhibitor: A case report","authors":"Bin Guan,&nbsp;Lingyun Zhang,&nbsp;Shan Yu","doi":"10.1002/msp2.23","DOIUrl":"10.1002/msp2.23","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To highlight the incidence and management of acute coronary syndrome (ACS) in patients with gastric cancer undergoing immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) therapy, emphasizing the need for early detection and intervention in this high-risk population.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Patients and methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We presented a case of a 71-year-old male patient with poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma of the gastric antrum, clinical stage cT4N2M0, phase III, with no prior history of chronic diseases or cardiovascular risk factors. The patient was treated with a combination of ICI therapy (sintilimab) and chemotherapy using the albumin-bound paclitaxel combined with S1 regimen. Following therapy, he developed symptoms and diagnostic findings consistent with ACS, which was managed with percutaneous coronary stenting.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The patient's presentation with ACS during ICI therapy underscored the potential cardiovascular risks associated with cancer treatments, particularly in patients without traditional cardiovascular risk factors. Management involved collaboration between oncologists and cardiologists, leading to successful coronary stenting and continuation of antitumor therapy.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>ACS is a significant risk in patients with malignancies undergoing ICI therapy, even in those without prior cardiovascular disease. Early recognition and management of ACS in this context are crucial to enable the continuation of cancer treatment and improve patient outcomes. This case underscores the importance of interdisciplinary collaboration in managing complex patients with concurrent cancer and cardiovascular disease.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":100882,"journal":{"name":"Malignancy Spectrum","volume":"1 2","pages":"136-140"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/msp2.23","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140371372","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Progress in heavy ion cancer therapy at IMP and future development","authors":"Qiang Li,&nbsp;Xinguo Liu,&nbsp;Zhongying Dai,&nbsp;Pengbo He,&nbsp;Yuanyuan Ma,&nbsp;Guosheng Shen,&nbsp;Xiaodong Jin,&nbsp;Fei Ye,&nbsp;Xiaogang Zheng,&nbsp;Ting Zhao,&nbsp;Hui Zhang,&nbsp;Zheng Li,&nbsp;Bingwen Zou,&nbsp;Yuehu Pu,&nbsp;Weiqiang Chen","doi":"10.1002/msp2.22","DOIUrl":"10.1002/msp2.22","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Basic research on heavy ion cancer therapy such as radiobiology, medical physics, and therapeutic technique has been conducted at the Institute of Modern Physics (IMP), Chinese Academy of Sciences since 1995. Based on the achievements acquired in the basic research and the requirements for a heavy ion accelerator for radiotherapy purposes, a dedicated heavy ion therapy facility named Heavy Ion Medical Machine (HIMM) was designed at IMP and constructed in Wuwei, China. The HIMM facility consists of two electron cyclotron resonance ion sources, one cyclotron as the injector and one synchrotron as the main accelerator, and four different treatment rooms equipped with passive or active beam delivery systems, and accelerates carbon ions up to 400 MeV/u. After the performance inspection of HIMM organized by the National Medical Device Inspection Center, preclinical tests like cell and animal radiobiological experiments and dosimetric verification using anthropomorphic phantoms for elucidating the biophysical properties of the carbon ion beams provided by HIMM were carried out. According to the Chinese medical device regulations, a clinical trial in which 46 tumor patients were recruited and two hospitals participated was conducted in the HIMM facility, aiming at evaluating the treatment safety and short-term efficacy of the medical device. The success of the clinical trial helped the HIMM facility be authorized by the Chinese government as a class III medical device. In this paper, all the aspects mentioned above are introduced and discussed, and implications for future improvements are also given.</p>","PeriodicalId":100882,"journal":{"name":"Malignancy Spectrum","volume":"1 2","pages":"91-98"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/msp2.22","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140228671","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Whole breast ultrafractionation radiotherapy after breast-conserving surgery in early breast cancer: A single-center, prospective, observational study from China","authors":"Rui-Zhi Zhao,&nbsp;Cheng Huang,&nbsp;Tian-Lan Tang,&nbsp;Gui-Qing Shi,&nbsp;Si-Lin Chen,&nbsp;Yu-Ping Lin,&nbsp;Ying Wang,&nbsp;Liu-Qing Jiang,&nbsp;Jin-Hua Chen,&nbsp;Chun-Sen Xu,&nbsp;Fang-Meng Fu,&nbsp;Zhong-Hua Han,&nbsp;Shun-Guo Lin,&nbsp;Chuan Wang,&nbsp;Yong Yang","doi":"10.1002/msp2.21","DOIUrl":"10.1002/msp2.21","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This single-center, prospective, observational study was designed to investigate the toxicities, patient-reported outcome (PRO), and dosimetric analysis of whole breast ultrafractionation radiotherapy (RT) after breast-conserving surgery (BCS) in early breast cancer (BC).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Patients and methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Patients diagnosed with BC stage I, II and treated with BCS were enrolled. A dose of 26 Gray (Gy) in five fractions was prescribed to the whole breast and tumor bed. Clinical endpoints included toxicities, PRO, and dosimetric analysis. PRO was measured by the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer general quality of life questionnaire (EORTC QLQ-C30) and the BC-specific questionnaire (EORTC QLQ-BR23) questionnaires.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Between January 2022 and June 2023, 62 female patients were enrolled. The median age was 45 years. Most patients (83.9%) were diagnosed with pathological stage I disease. The median planning target volume (PTV) was 456.4 mL. The minimum, maximum, and mean doses, and D₉₅ (dose of PTV irradiated volume more than 95%) to PTV were 20.2, 28.8, 27.2, and 26.3 Gy, respectively. The median mean lung dose and percentage lung volume receiving 8 Gy (V₈) were 3.6 Gy and 13.4%, respectively. The median mean heart dose, V_1.5 (percentage of organ volume irradiated with 1.5 Gy or higher), and V₇ (percentage of organ volume irradiated with 7 Gy or higher) were 0.6 Gy, 6.8%, and 0.4%, respectively. Cosmetic effects before RT showed no obvious differences compared to that post RT. No toxicities of grade 3 or higher occurred. Five patients had asymptomatic radiation pneumonia (grade 1), and 12 patients had radiation dermatitis (grade 1). No factor was significantly related to radiation dermatitis or radiation pneumonia. For the EORTC QLQ-C30 and QLQ-BR23 questionnaires, all function and symptom scores before RT had no significant differences compared with that after RT, 1−2 months after RT, and 3−4 months after RT. Ultrafractionation RT did not worsen PRO. The 1-year crude local control was 100%.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Whole breast ultrafractionation RT after BCS in early BC has no severe toxicities and does not affect PRO. These results need to be further validated with a longer follow-up and a larger sample size.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":100882,"journal":{"name":"Malignancy Spectrum","volume":"1 2","pages":"113-122"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/msp2.21","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140482890","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"FGF21 increases the sensitivity of hepatocellular carcinoma to sorafenib under hypoxia","authors":"Ting Zhang,&nbsp;Huiling Shi,&nbsp;Shihui Zhang,&nbsp;Qin Zhu,&nbsp;Mengyuan Qiu,&nbsp;Ashleigh T. Chitakunye,&nbsp;Hanyu Hong,&nbsp;Liaoxin Luo,&nbsp;Yujing Li,&nbsp;Qiuyu Sun,&nbsp;Xiaokun Li,&nbsp;Lin Cai","doi":"10.1002/msp2.20","DOIUrl":"10.1002/msp2.20","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a common disease in human history and one of the main causes of cancer-related death. Insufficient oxygen supply in the tumor microenvironment forces cancer cells to survive in a mild hypoxia environment. Fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21), a member of the FGF family, has become the focus of public attention due to its outstanding achievements in diabetes and lipid lowering. However, the mechanism of FGF21 in HCC remains unclear.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The aims of this study were to clarify whether or not FGF21 could increase the sensitivity of HCC to sorafenib (SORA) under hypoxia and explore the possible mechanism.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In this study, by using 3-(4,5-dimethyl-2-thiazolyl)-2,5-diphenyl-2<i>H</i>-tetrazolium bromide cell viability test, plate clone formation test, western blot analysis, Hoechst/propidium iodide double staining experiment, flow cytometry, quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction, and subcutaneous tumor transplantation in mice, we studied the effects of recombinant human FGF21 combined with SORA on hepatoma cells in vitro and in vivo. FGF21 could enhance the phosphorylation of mothers against decapentaplegic homolog 3 (Smad3) under anaerobic conditions. When combined with SORA, FGF21 could increase the sensitivity of hepatoma cells to SORA and inhibit the growth and migration of hepatoma cells.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>FGF21 may increase the sensitivity of HCC to SORA by enhancing the phosphorylation of Smad3 through the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B pathway under hypoxia.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Our study suggested the possibility of combination therapy for SORA and FGF21 on HCC.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":100882,"journal":{"name":"Malignancy Spectrum","volume":"1 2","pages":"99-112"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/msp2.20","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139381141","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Making incurable pancreatic cancer curable","authors":"Jianhong An,&nbsp;Dacheng Xie,&nbsp;Keping Xie","doi":"10.1002/msp2.19","DOIUrl":"10.1002/msp2.19","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Pancreatic cancer is one of the deadliest malignancies, with limited effectiveness of standard therapies, resulting in little improvement in the 5-year survival rate over the past few decades. However, advanced radiotherapy techniques and emerging treatment modalities, such as immunotherapy and targeted therapy, are showing tremendous potential as effective treatment options for pancreatic cancer patients who were previously considered incurable. This review summarizes the current advances and challenges in pancreatic cancer treatment strategies and proposes further optimization directions, aiming to provide insights into the cure of incurable pancreatic cancer.</p>","PeriodicalId":100882,"journal":{"name":"Malignancy Spectrum","volume":"1 1","pages":"46-52"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/msp2.19","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138605677","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integrin α6: a potential target for cancer molecular imaging and targeting therapy","authors":"Xin-Ling Li,&nbsp;Zhuo-Lun Shen,&nbsp;Qiao-Li Wang,&nbsp;Jia-Cong Ye,&nbsp;Wen-Biao Zhang,&nbsp;Ying-He Li,&nbsp;Guo-Kai Feng,&nbsp;Mu-Sheng Zeng","doi":"10.1002/msp2.18","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/msp2.18","url":null,"abstract":"<p>As a major kind of cell surface adhesion molecules with signal transduction function, integrins play a major role in tumorigenesis and tumor progression. The role of integrins in tumor cells and the tumor microenvironment has been extensively revealed. Among the integrin family, integrin αvβ3 is the most studied integrin in the past 20 years. Plenty of preclinical and clinical studies have been conducted, which showed clinical benefits of targeting integrin αvβ3 in tumor imaging and treatment. Currently, the focus of interest is gradually shifting from integrin αvβ3 toward other integrin subtypes. Integrin α6 is expressed in many malignant tumors, such as colorectal cancer, head and neck squamous cell carcinoma, breast cancer, pancreatic cancer, and liver cancer, and its expression is correlated with poor survival of the patients. Recent studies have shown that tumor molecular imaging agents and therapeutic drugs targeting integrin α6 have excellent safety and efficacy in preclinical mouse models, encouraging clinical translation of this promising target. In this review, we briefly overview the physiological and pathological function of integrin α6 and highlight the recent advances in integrin α6-targeted imaging and therapeutics in tumors.</p>","PeriodicalId":100882,"journal":{"name":"Malignancy Spectrum","volume":"1 1","pages":"30-45"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/msp2.18","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140907026","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical characteristics and pathogenic analysis of lower respiratory tract infections in advanced lung cancer patients with different treatment modalities","authors":"Ruinan Guo,&nbsp;Dan Zhang,&nbsp;Jingjing Jin,&nbsp;Baiyi Liu,&nbsp;Xuejuan Li,&nbsp;Yan Huang","doi":"10.1002/msp2.17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/msp2.17","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To clarify the clinical characteristics and pathogenic analysis after lower respiratory tract infection in patients with advanced lung cancer under different treatments.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A retrospective analysis was adopted to collect 94 cases of patients with advanced lung cancer combined with lower respiratory tract infection from January 1, 2018 to December 1, 2020. Seventy-four cases were male and 20 cases were female. According to the different treatments, the patients were divided into 43 cases in the chemotherapy group and 51 cases in the chemoradiotherapy group. The pathogenic and serological indexes were compared between the two groups to provide ideas for the application of antibiotics.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In the comparison of general clinical data, the chemotherapy group had a shorter hospital stay than the chemoradiotherapy group and a higher body mass index level than the chemoradiotherapy group (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05). In the comparison of serological indicators, procalcitonin, high-sensitive C-reactive protein, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, and neutrophil percentage were lower in the chemotherapy group, and the lymphocyte was higher than that in the chemoradiotherapy group (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05). There was no difference in hemoglobin, albumin, creatinine, and alanine transaminase between the two groups (<i>p</i> &gt; 0.05). In the comparison of pathogenicity, the chemotherapy group was more likely to have combined viral infections, while the chemoradiotherapy group was more likely to have Gram-negative bacterial infections (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05). There was no difference between the two groups in terms of fungal infections (<i>p</i> &gt; 0.05). Besides, the chemoradiotherapy group was more likely to have combined infections (<i>p</i> &gt; 0.05).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Patients with advanced lung cancer treated with chemoradiotherapy have a relatively poor prognosis after developing lower respiratory tract infections and are more likely to have mixed infections. Antibiotics need to be applied as early as possible. The common pathogens should be covered. Antiviral and antifungal drugs can be added as appropriate, and drug sensitivity tests should be completed as early as possible.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":100882,"journal":{"name":"Malignancy Spectrum","volume":"1 1","pages":"64-69"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/msp2.17","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140907066","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An overview of multiomics: a powerful tool applied in cancer molecular subtyping for cancer therapy","authors":"Yazhu Zou,&nbsp;Zitong Zhao,&nbsp;Yongmei Song","doi":"10.1002/msp2.16","DOIUrl":"10.1002/msp2.16","url":null,"abstract":"<p>During the process of carcinogenesis and tumor progression, various molecular alternations occur in different omics levels. In recent years, multiomics approaches including genomics, epigenetics, transcriptomics, proteomics, metabolomics, single-cell omics, and spatial omics have been applied in mapping diverse omics profiles of cancers. The development of high-throughput technologies such as sequencing and mass spectrometry has revealed different omics levels of tumor cells or tissues separately. While focusing on a single omics level results in a lack of accuracy, joining multiple omics approaches together undoubtedly benefits accurate molecular subtyping and precision medicine for cancer patients. With the deepening of tumor research in recent years, taking pathological classification as the only criterion of diagnosis and predicting prognosis and treatment response is found to be not accurate enough. Therefore, identifying precise molecular subtypes by exploring the molecular alternations during tumor occurrence and development is of vital importance. The review provides an overview of the advanced technologies and recent progress in multiomics applied in cancer molecular subtyping and detailedly explains the application of multiomics in identifying cancer driver genes and metastasis-related genes, exploring tumor microenvironment, and selecting liquid biopsy biomarkers and potential therapeutic targets.</p>","PeriodicalId":100882,"journal":{"name":"Malignancy Spectrum","volume":"1 1","pages":"15-29"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/msp2.16","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135482128","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}