Journal of Urban Mobility最新文献

{"title":"Preferences for MaaS bundles: Insights from various choice models","authors":"Willy Kriswardhana ,&nbsp;Domokos Esztergár-Kiss","doi":"10.1016/j.urbmob.2026.100191","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.urbmob.2026.100191","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>More transport opportunities are available in cities, but the adoption of diverse solutions is rather slow. This highlights a gap between the growing availability of mobility options and travelers’ limited willingness to integrate them into daily travel. Mobility as a Service (MaaS) is considered a mobility management tool that integrates less popular modes with more established ones, such as public transport. However, the promising idea is not accompanied by successful implementation. Thus, this study aims to unveil travelers' preferences and willingness to pay for MaaS, providing relevant inputs for creating policies to enhance the adoption of mobility solutions. Various choice models (MNL, MXL, LC) are applied to analyze the data gathered from stated preference experiments in Hungary. The descriptive analysis reveals that younger individuals and frequent public transport users are likely early adopters of MaaS bundles. The combination of public transport and bike-sharing is the most favored option, while e-scooter-sharing becomes favorable when it is combined with bike-sharing and discounts on taxi. Frequent car users prioritize add-ons when making choices, while non-working car users and those without a college education show stronger preference for bike-sharing over other services. The findings offer a snapshot of how service combinations influence MaaS uptake and provide insight into traveler segments that may be more resistant to adoption, offering guidance for policymakers and operators in designing tailored, equitable MaaS bundles.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100852,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Urban Mobility","volume":"9 ","pages":"Article 100191"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146077726","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Can spatial indicators fully explain car dependence? Evidence from Lombardy (Italy)","authors":"Jaime Sierra Muñoz ,&nbsp;Louison Duboz ,&nbsp;Biagio Ciuffo ,&nbsp;Paola Pucci","doi":"10.1016/j.urbmob.2026.100197","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.urbmob.2026.100197","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Reducing car dependence is a critical challenge for transport and environmental policy, requiring a thorough understanding of its multidimensional nature. However, existing research often struggles to assess car-dependence’s complexity comprehensively. This paper addresses that gap by applying Sensitivity Analysis (SA) techniques to a rich spatial dataset deployed across the Italian region of Lombardy, which encompasses diverse territories and mobility patterns. The proposed methodology combines moment-independent and variance-based SA methods to better suit observational data and identify key factors shaping car dependence. The resulting SA models show that car dependence cannot be fully explained by numeric variables alone and reveal unexpected causing factors that might point to deeper, underlying patterns. These findings highlight the limitations of purely quantitative approaches in comprehensively capturing the complexity of car dependence, reinforcing the need to complement them with context-based and qualitative approaches. In this way, the study contributes to a more robust understanding of the phenomenon across diverse territorial contexts, supporting more accurate strategies for developing or evaluating policies aimed at reducing car dependence.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100852,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Urban Mobility","volume":"9 ","pages":"Article 100197"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146188247","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Beyond proximity: Uncovering accessibility inequities in Barcelona’s climate shelters network for the summer of 2023","authors":"Sandra Meza-Parra,&nbsp;Blanca Arellano-Ramos,&nbsp;Josep Roca-Cladera","doi":"10.1016/j.urbmob.2025.100175","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.urbmob.2025.100175","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Over the past decade, climate shelters networks have been implemented in various cities worldwide, particularly in areas where the Urban Heat Island effect exacerbates the impact of heat waves. These networks aim to provide thermal comfort and, crucially, to reduce heat-related mortality among vulnerable populations, such as the elderly. However, effective implementation of such networks requires more than merely identifying shelters -it demands strategic planning to ensure true accessibility for at-risk groups. This study evaluates the accessibility of the Climate Shelters Network proposed by the Barcelona City Council during the summer months of 2023 (July and August), focusing specifically on the elderly population due to their heightened vulnerability to heat stress. Accessibility was assessed through three main dimensions: economic (payment), temporal (daily and seasonal operation) and spatial (proximity). Data were sourced from open datasets, fieldwork and direct communication with municipal authorities and shelter facilities. Geographic analysis was conducted using QGIS to define service areas and pedestrian accessibility was measured based on a 6-minute walking threshold under conditions of strong and very strong heat stress, assuming an average walking speed of 3.42 km/h for elderly people. While official municipal data claimed that 97 % of the population was within a 10-minute walking distance of a shelter in this time period, our findings reveal that real accessibility varied depending on the month, day of the week and time. In the worst-case scenario at night, when only a limited number of shelters were open, coverage dropped to 15 % of the total elderly population living in the municipality of Barcelona. This study highlights the importance of incorporating dynamic variables into the planning and management of urban climate adaptation strategies, particularly those intended to safeguard vulnerable populations during extreme heat events.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100852,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Urban Mobility","volume":"9 ","pages":"Article 100175"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145799945","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Proximity planning for urban electrification: Walkable access to EV charging infrastructure in Montreal","authors":"Ahad Farnood ,&nbsp;Sepideh Khorramisarvestani ,&nbsp;Carmela Cucuzzella ,&nbsp;Govind Gopakumar ,&nbsp;Ursula Eicker","doi":"10.1016/j.urbmob.2025.100174","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.urbmob.2025.100174","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>As cities pursue low-carbon mobility transitions, equitable access to electric vehicle (EV) infrastructure remains a persistent planning challenge, particularly for aging populations with reduced mobility. This study evaluates walkable access to public EV charging stations on Montréal Island, with a focus on elderly care facilities, highlighting that equitable, age-sensitive charger placement is increasingly vital as the city’s aging population risks being overlooked in current infrastructure planning. Using GIS-based spatial analysis, we model accessibility to public EV charging infrastructure for both the general adult population and older adults, applying age-adjusted walking speeds within a 15-minute threshold. The results show that walk-up accessibility is systematically lower for older adults and is strongly associated with median age and the spatial concentration of urban amenities. We identify “double-burden” zones where demographic vulnerability (higher shares of older residents) intersects with infrastructure gaps, underscoring the limitations of proximity-based planning when it is decoupled from equity considerations. Building on these findings, our focused analysis of elderly care facilities and their surrounding walkable environments exposes a critical infrastructure gap: nearly half of these sites have no public EV charging stations within a reasonable walking distance. To inform targeted interventions, we overlay areas of poor charger accessibility with point-of-interest (POI) density and apply a simple greedy siting heuristic, identifying priority zones for deployment that maximize both need and broader community benefit. To contextualize these disparities, we develop a causal loop diagram that links charger deployment, equity objectives, and market dynamics, framing policy levers for equity-based planning of EV charging infrastructure. This research offers a transferable framework for cities aiming to align EV infrastructure with inclusive, proximity-based urban planning goals, ensuring that the electrification transition does not leave aging populations behind</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100852,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Urban Mobility","volume":"9 ","pages":"Article 100174"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145750384","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Spatial proximity and accessibility patterns of X-minute cities","authors":"Umut Türk ,&nbsp;John Östh ,&nbsp;Karima Kourtit ,&nbsp;Peter Nijkamp","doi":"10.1016/j.urbmob.2026.100239","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.urbmob.2026.100239","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The 15-minute city concept has gained prominence in urban planning as a framework linking proximity, mobility, and quality of life at the intra-urban scale. An open question is whether this concept remains meaningful when applied to spatially connected urban regions or national urban systems. To address this issue, the new X-minute city concept allows proximity thresholds to vary with spatial context, mobility conditions, and service distribution. This paper develops an operational framework with the aim to examine and highlight spatial accessibility patterns from an X-minute city perspective, using the relatively urbanized area of the Netherlands as a national-scale case study. Accessibility is analyzed at the building level using OpenStreetMap data and a combination of object-based k-nearest-neighbor measures, distance-decay functions, inequality metrics, Average Nearest Neighbor analysis, and quantile regression. Concepts from central place theory are employed as an interpretive lens to understand service clustering and accessibility patterns, rather than as a formal model to be tested. The results show pronounced spatial disparities in accessibility between urban and rural areas, as well as substantial variation within cities. Major urban centers such as Amsterdam, Rotterdam, and Utrecht exhibit high accessibility levels due to dense service provision, while peripheral and rural areas face systematically lower accessibility. Next accessibility outcomes also differ sharply across population groups. Elderly residents and groups reliant on walking experience the highest levels of inequality, with accessibility distributions remaining highly uneven at short-distance thresholds. Cycling expands the range of effective activity spaces and reduces inequality, but does not offset structural disadvantages in areas with sparse service provision. The findings point to the limits of uniform proximity targets and reveal the need for context-sensitive accessibility planning that explicitly accounts for service distribution, mobility constraints, and population heterogeneity within national urban systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100852,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Urban Mobility","volume":"9 ","pages":"Article 100239"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148184345","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of bus rapid transit on freight movement: A telematics approach","authors":"Yunfei Ma ,&nbsp;Elkafi Hassini ,&nbsp;Saiedeh Razavi","doi":"10.1016/j.urbmob.2026.100189","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.urbmob.2026.100189","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>While Bus Rapid Transit (BRT) systems are widely implemented to enhance passenger mobility and reduce emissions, their implications for urban freight movement remain understudied. This paper presents a framework for evaluating the impacts of BRT infrastructure and policies on road freight emissions, bottlenecks, and shifts in freight movement patterns. The proposed framework is based on telematics big data and includes a data processing pipeline incorporating data fusion techniques to integrate GPS trajectories, freight vehicle characteristics, and fuel consumption data. The impact of BRT on edge-level emissions is evaluated with a proposed fuel disaggregation model. The framework analyzes shifts in freight origin–destination patterns due to BRT, with statistical validation through permutation testing. Additionally, the framework offers a novel Network-level Spatial–Temporal Freight Bottleneck Impact Index (NSTFBII) to quantify the impact of BRT on the topology of freight bottlenecks. A case study of the Boston Columbus Avenue BRT project is conducted with a month-to-month analysis and an interrupted time series analysis (ITSA) with a control corridor. The findings show that BRT lanes reduce freight flow and emissions, leading to fragmented bottleneck structures and decreased diversity in origin–destination (OD) pairs along the corridor. Additionally, changes in freight movement and emissions in adjacent corridors differ significantly from general traffic, with impacts more pronounced during construction than post-implementation. The findings provide insights for policymakers, offering recommendations that minimize the negative impact on freight while enhancing the benefits of BRT systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100852,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Urban Mobility","volume":"9 ","pages":"Article 100189"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146037078","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An approach to measure walkability integrating individual walking decision and service facility preference: Community-wide study of Chongqing, China","authors":"Chun Yang ,&nbsp;Weimin Zhuang ,&nbsp;Zhijian Miao","doi":"10.1016/j.urbmob.2026.100185","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.urbmob.2026.100185","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Despite walkability has become a critical concern for citizens, academic researchers, and policymakers, the conventional walkability methods limited validity and applicability in different urban contexts. One of the key reasons is that the index ignores individual microscale walking preference behaviors that are important in assessing walkability. The incorporation of subjective decision preferences into walking decision-making process for service facilities represents a significant advancement for walkability measurement. To address this gap, this study introduces a novel walkability measurement approach based on discrete choice stated preference (DCSP) to investigate individual walking decision behavior preferences for service facilities, termed the Facility Stated Preference (FSP) method, and reveals the decision utility of walking preferences for 21 types of service facilities using three key variables: Use Frequency Preference (UFP), Use Diversity Preference (UDP), and Spatial Distance Preference (SDP). To validate the effectiveness and applicability of the FSP method, a case study is conducted across eight diverse communities in Qixinggang. The findings indicate significant spatial disparities in walkability scores across different geographical units, with modern residential areas along urban arterial roads exhibiting better walkability compare to older communities in the south and north. Additionally, the study highlights varying levels of walkability associated with different types of service facilities, with subway stations, bus stations, and primary and middle schools emerging as key contributors to overall walkability. These insights provide a deeper understanding of individual walking decision preferences and enhance predictive capabilities for service facility planning, serving as a valuable resource for urban planning authorities and policymakers in forecasting walking demand and optimizing service facility allocation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100852,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Urban Mobility","volume":"9 ","pages":"Article 100185"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146077735","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"School travel mode choice in two medium-sized south Asian cities: Cross-city transferability and explainable machine learning approaches","authors":"Muhammad Abdullah ,&nbsp;Nazam Ali ,&nbsp;Charitha Dias ,&nbsp;Muhammad Ashraf Javid ,&nbsp;I.M.S. Sathyaprasad","doi":"10.1016/j.urbmob.2026.100190","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.urbmob.2026.100190","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Trips for educational purposes represent a significant portion of morning and evening peak hour trips. These trips, if carried out by private transport, can lead to several negative consequences including increased traffic congestion, air and noise pollution, and driver discomfort. This study aimed at predicting the mode choices of school-going students in two medium-sized South Asian cities, Kandy, Sri Lanka, and Sahiwal, Pakistan. City-specific classification models were developed for each city, followed by cross-city evaluations using a subset of common features. SHapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP) were employed to interpret model behavior and assess the stability of learned decision logic across contexts. Ensemble models, particularly CatBoost and Gradient Boosting, consistently outperformed linear and single-tree classifiers in both cities, with substantially stronger predictive performance observed in Sahiwal due to richer household and contextual information. SHAP analyses reveal a shared behavioral foundation across cities in which cost-related variables dominate mode choice decisions. Higher costs for both private and sustainable modes are associated with continued reliance on the corresponding mode, indicating necessity-driven, mode-aligned behavior rather than cost-induced switching. Distance, income, and school type exert secondary but context-dependent effects within cities. Cross-city transferability analysis demonstrates limited and asymmetric generalizability. Models trained in one city experience pronounced performance degradation and systematic classification biases when applied to the other. SHAP-based diagnostics show that transferred models undergo marked reconfiguration of decision logic, including reduced spatial sensitivity and disproportionate reliance on cost signals, with evidence of decision-structure collapse under certain transfer directions. These results highlight the strong context dependence of school travel behavior and the need for locally calibrated, explainable modeling approaches.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100852,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Urban Mobility","volume":"9 ","pages":"Article 100190"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146077736","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A support to vertiport micro-location selection at airport for urban air mobility airport shuttle service","authors":"Bojana Mirković,&nbsp;Nikola Ivanov,&nbsp;Dušan Crnogorac,&nbsp;Matija Sindik","doi":"10.1016/j.urbmob.2025.100181","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.urbmob.2025.100181","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Urban Air Mobility (UAM) services employing electric Vertical Take Off and Landing vehicles (eVTOL) will likely start in the next few years, and numerous research efforts are directed toward creating the necessary conditions for their successful implementation. Although vertiport location and vertiport capacity are recognized as key factors influencing UAM service performance, a notable research gap still remains in both areas. The vertiport location problem is addressed in the literature predominantly from the demand perspective, focusing on approximate macro-locations, e.g. centroids of the postal codes. Very limited research has addressed the micro-location level - determining the exact locations where vertiports should be built - which requires integrating other factors beyond demand. We aim to contribute to vertiport micro-location decisions by focusing on the hub nodes of the UAM airport shuttle network - vertiports at airports. Taking the airport operator’s perspective, who will be responsible for planning and investing in such vertiports, we propose a framework for vertiport site selection that includes: selecting candidate sites, identifying relevant criteria, evaluating candidates against each criterion, and ranking them using a selected multi-criteria decision-making method. The study also contributes to capacity and cost estimation by introducing an online vertiport sizing and capacity tool that proposes the most favorable vertiport configuration(s) for any given area. The proposed framework is demonstrated through a case study of Madrid Airport. Beyond delivering a final ranking of ten candidate sites, a transparent evaluation process enables airport operators to understand the capacity-area trade-off, capacity capping in a single layout, and capacity increase by combining two layouts, the impact of vertiport type on cost, or landside/airside position on vertiport-to-terminal accessibility, as well as limitations with the current regulatory framework.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100852,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Urban Mobility","volume":"9 ","pages":"Article 100181"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145938941","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Changes in the public transit market following the introduction of a new light rail system: A before-and-after study in Montreal, Canada","authors":"Sarah Balaghi ,&nbsp;Thiago Carvalho ,&nbsp;Rodrigo Victoriano-Habit ,&nbsp;Ahmed El-Geneidy","doi":"10.1016/j.urbmob.2025.100178","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.urbmob.2025.100178","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The introduction of large-scale public transit infrastructure often carries the promise of improving regional mobility, reducing car dependency, and fostering sustainable urban development. However, the success of such investments depends not only on the quality of service delivered but also on how different segments of the population respond to the new mobility option. This study explores the impacts of a major infrastructure project, Réseau express métropolitain (REM) in Montréal, on the public transit market. The REM is a 67-km automated light rail system designed to enhance regional mobility in Montréal, Canada with an investment of more than $9 Billion CAD. We draw on cross-sectional and longitudinal data from the Montréal Mobility Survey in 2022 (before REM operations) and 2024 (after the opening of the South Shore branch). We apply exploratory factor analysis and weighted k-means clustering to identify and track transit user segments over time. Across both waves, a four-cluster solution emerged indicating that the overall market structure remained stable. However, longitudinal analysis revealed significant individual transitions, with many potential REM telecommuters reverting to car-oriented behaviors. These findings highlight the duality of stable market profiles but fluid individual behaviors, demonstrating that new infrastructure can reshape travel patterns within existing markets rather than creating entirely new ones. These findings are of interest to policymakers and transit planners interested in market segmentation to understand behavioral adaptation regarding new LRT infrastructures over time.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100852,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Urban Mobility","volume":"9 ","pages":"Article 100178"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145938937","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}