Journal of Sustainable Agriculture and Environment最新文献

{"title":"Conversion of coastal marsh to aquaculture ponds altered soil ammonia oxidiser community and decreased ammonia oxidation potential","authors":"Guiping Ye,&nbsp;Kam W. Tang,&nbsp;Xiao Lin,&nbsp;Ping Yang,&nbsp;Chuan Tong,&nbsp;Zi-Yang He,&nbsp;Mengmeng Feng,&nbsp;Milin Deng,&nbsp;Yongxin Lin","doi":"10.1002/sae2.12115","DOIUrl":"10.1002/sae2.12115","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Introduction</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>As a crucial component of the nitrogen cycle, ammonia oxidation in soil can be driven by canonical ammonia-oxidising archaea (AOA) and bacteria, as well as complete ammonia oxidiser (CMX <i>Nitrospira</i>). Land use change can disrupt and alter the soil microbial community and the nitrogen cycle.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Materials &amp; Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We compared the soil ammonia-oxidising microorganisms and ammonia oxidation potentials in a coastal marsh and nearby reclaimed aquaculture ponds, monthly over a 10-month period in southeastern China. The abundance of ammonia oxidisers was assessed by real-time quantitative PCR and the community structure of CMX <i>Nitrospira</i> was evaluated by high-throughput sequencing.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The ammonia oxidiser community was dominated by AOA in the marsh (91%) and was made up of similar proportions of AOA and CMX <i>Nitrospira</i> in the aquaculture ponds (46%–47%). The CMX <i>Nitrospira</i> community structure changed significantly between habitat types, mainly driven by opposite change in relative abundance of clade B versus clades A.2 and A.3. Aquaculture reclamation decreased the soil potential ammonia oxidation rate (PAO) by an order of magnitude, and AOA was the only significant predictor of PAO among all ammonia oxidiser groups.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Our results suggest that aquaculture reclamation from coastal marshes would significantly alter the soil ammonia oxidiser community and decrease ammonia oxidation rate, and CMX <i>Nitrospira</i> appear to play a relative larger role in nitrogen cycling in aquaculture ponds.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":100834,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sustainable Agriculture and Environment","volume":"3 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/sae2.12115","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141812057","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessing the role of field isolated Pseudomonas and Bacillus as growth-promoting rizobacteria on avocado (Persea americana) seedlings","authors":"Richard A. Solórzano-Acosta,&nbsp;Kenyi R. Quispe","doi":"10.1002/sae2.12114","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/sae2.12114","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Introduction</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This research aims to assess the efficacy of two genera of rhizobacteria from avocado field isolated: <i>Pseudomonas</i> and <i>Bacillus</i>, as plant growth-promoting microorganisms in Hass avocado trees grafted onto Zutano rootstock.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Materials and Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The siderophore-producing and phosphate-solubilizing capacity of each isolated strain was determined and plant growth-promoting activity, nutrient accumulation, and nutrient use efficiency in Zutano variety avocado seedlings were evaluated. Molecular identification was carried out by amplification of the 16S rDNA gene of the isolated strains.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p><i>Pseudomonas putida</i>, <i>Lysinibacillus macroides</i>, <i>Lysinibacillus xylanilyticus</i>, <i>Lysinibacillus fusiformis</i>, <i>Bacillus subtilis</i> and <i>Pseudomonas plecoglossicida</i>, were identified as the PGPR of the <i>Bacillus</i> and <i>Pseudomonas</i> genera, predominant in the avocado rhizosphere. There was found 11 phosphate solubilizing strains and 2 siderophore-producing strains. The phosphate-solubilizing strains, <i>B. subtilis</i> and <i>P. plecoglossicida</i>, stimulated the growth of Zutano seedlings, increasing their root dry weight (g), stem dry weight (g), leaf dry weight (g) and leaf area (cm²). Significant differences were found in nutrient uptake efficiency between inoculated plants and noninoculated plants. The increase in root biomass responded to greater phosphorus and potassium absorption in plants inoculated with <i>P. plecoglossicida</i>, due to this strain's high phosphate solubilization efficiency (266%).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The highest plant growth promotion strains were Bac F (<i>B. subtilis</i>), Bac M (<i>P. plecoglossicida</i>) and P1 (<i>P. putida</i>), which achieved the highest increase in root and leaf dry weight, as well as the highest nutrient extractions and nutrient uptake efficiency.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":100834,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sustainable Agriculture and Environment","volume":"3 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/sae2.12114","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141639611","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Amino acid-based biostimulants and microbial biostimulants promote the growth, yield and resilience of strawberries in soilless glasshouse cultivation","authors":"Ruvini Ranasingha,&nbsp;Anya Perera,&nbsp;Kambiz Baghalian,&nbsp;Christos Gerofotis","doi":"10.1002/sae2.12113","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/sae2.12113","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Introduction</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The increasing demand for strawberries in the United Kingdom, valued for their flavour, nutrition and economic significance, presents challenges in maintaining consistent production, especially under various biotic and abiotic stress conditions. Traditional reliance on conventional agrochemicals to meet these demands is tempered by concerns about their health and environmental impacts, paving the way for eco-friendly alternatives, such as biostimulants. However, their efficiency in commercial table-top systems for June-bearing and ever-bearing strawberries under glasshouse conditions remains underexplored.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Materials and methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study investigated the efficiency of two commercial biostimulants in enhancing the growth, productivity and resilience of two strawberry varieties: ‘Malling Centenary’ (June-bearer) and ‘Malling Ace’ (ever-bearer) strawberry cultivars in a soilless hydroponic system within an unheated glasshouse. ‘Vitalnova Prime’ (VP), an amino acid and peptide-based biostimulant derived from yeast, was applied every 2 weeks as a foliar spray (1 mL/L), whereas ‘Vitalnova Triboost’ (VT), a microbial inoculant with live cultures, was incorporated into the medium post-transplanting (500 g/m³).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>VP significantly enhanced vegetative growth in both cultivars, resulting in substantial increases in number of leaves, crowns, crown diameter and shoot biomass accumulation compared to the control. VT also effectively improved multiple growth parameters compared to the control. Both biostimulants similarly improved crown formation and shoot dry weight in ‘Malling Centenary’. In terms of yield, both VP and VT increased yield in ‘Malling Ace’; notably, VP significantly enhanced the number of marketable fruits by 55% and average fruit weight by 56% compared to the control. Additionally, both biostimulants significantly reduced the occurrence of diseased fruits in both cultivars.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study demonstrates that biostimulants significantly enhance the growth, yield, and resilience of strawberries in soilless cultivation systems within unheated glasshouses. These findings suggest that biostimulants offer a sustainable and promising approach to addressing the increasing global demand for high-quality strawberries.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":100834,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sustainable Agriculture and Environment","volume":"3 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/sae2.12113","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141624506","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nematode community structure suggests perennial grain cropping cultivation as a nature-based solution for resilient agriculture","authors":"Alena Förster,&nbsp;Karin Hohberg,&nbsp;Frank Rasche,&nbsp;Christoph Emmerling","doi":"10.1002/sae2.12112","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/sae2.12112","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Introduction</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Conventional agricultural land-use may negatively impact biodiversity and the environment due to the increased disturbances to the soil ecosystem by tillage, for example. Cultivation of the perennial grain intermediate wheatgrass (<i>Thinopyrum intermedium</i>, IWG, Kernza®) is a nature-based solution for sustainable agriculture, improving nutrient retention mainly through its extensive root system. Nematodes serve as sensitive bioindicators, detecting early changes in the soil food web, reflecting in changes in their community structure.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Materials and Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>IWG and annual wheat sites in South France, Belgium and South Sweden were investigated in April 2022 for two depths (5–15 cm; 25–35 cm) to evaluate the difference in nematode community structure among the cropping systems.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Sites with IWG cultivation held an accumulation of structure indicators (c-p 3–5 nematodes) compared to sites with annual wheat cultivation. A generalised linear mixed model revealed significantly more root feeders, especially for the subsoil, under IWG as a result of the perennial cultivation. The maturity index, plant-parasitic index, channel index and structure index were greater for IWG sites. The enrichment index was greater for annual wheat sites due to the dominance of bacterivores and enrichment indicators (c-p 1 nematodes). The nematode community structure (weighted faunal profile analysis) indicates IWG sites as being a generally undisturbed system with efficient nutrient cycling and balanced distribution of feeding types, as well as higher metabolic footprint values for root feeders (including plant-parasitic nematodes) and fungivores. Annual wheat sites, on the other hand, held indicators of a disturbed system with increased occurrence of opportunistic species and a more bacterial driven pathway. The topsoil had an increased occurrence of structure indicators in both cropping systems.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>IWG creates favourable conditions for a diverse food web, including improved nutrient cycling and a heterogeneous resource environment, regardless of climatic conditions, establishing it as a stable and resilient agricultural management system.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":100834,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sustainable Agriculture and Environment","volume":"3 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/sae2.12112","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141624234","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The sustainability of small-scale sheep and goat farming in a semi-arid Mediterranean environment","authors":"Giuseppe Timpanaro,&nbsp;Vera Teresa Foti","doi":"10.1002/sae2.12111","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/sae2.12111","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Introduction</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Small-scale sheep and goat farming is one of the business models the EU depends on to achieve the objectives of the Green Deal. However, these production systems are characterized by structural weaknesses that risk being aggravated by international events, such as the post-COVID-19 crisis and reconstruction, the conflict in the European area and the generalized inflationary wave. Against this scenario, the work aims to expand knowledge of these companies’ sustainability levels to assess their performance, business model, the strategic keys to their resilience and chances of survival in the changed international scenario.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Materials &amp; Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The approach chosen is SAFA (Sustainability Assessment of Food and Agriculture Systems), the FAO's holistic framework. The empirical analysis focused on a sample of farms in a semi-arid Mediterranean area.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The results demonstrate the sustainability lag in governance, social capital, fertilizer management, landscape heritage and economic terms. This is due to the absence of strategic planning on soil, environmental and livestock management, genetic and human resource management, and farm structure. Regarding economic resilience on performance, the weight of the CAP (common agricultural policy) for these farms and the effect of high production costs are high.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The work is helpful for different stakeholders, who are invited both to structure the intervention of eco-schemes on animal welfare for the 2023/2027 programming period and to support farm development plans to foster the flow of innovation, cooperation and sustainability.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":100834,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sustainable Agriculture and Environment","volume":"3 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/sae2.12111","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141565721","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Plant spatial configurations and their influences on phenological traits of cereal and legume crops under maize-based intercropping systems","authors":"Michael W. Kinyua,&nbsp;Monicah W. Mucheru-Muna,&nbsp;Peter Bolo,&nbsp;Job Kihara","doi":"10.1002/sae2.12110","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/sae2.12110","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Introduction</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Intercropping systems have a great potential for crop diversification thus increasing smallholder systems' resilience to climate change while improving soil health. However, optimal benefits associated with intercropping systems are rarely realised because of the interspecific competition for growth resources among the intercropped species.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methodology</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Six trials were established in the high and low rainfall agroecological zones of Babati district in Tanzania to assess how promising cropping systems with different plant spatial configurations would influence the phenological development of intercropped maize, bean and pigeonpea. Cropping systems under study included a sole maize system rotated with a pigeonpea-bean intercrop dubbed Doubled-up legume (DUL), maize-pigeonpea system both with and without de-topping, an innovation comprising double maize rows alternated with pigeonpea and beans (Mbili-Mbili), maize-pigeonpea system with two maize seeds sown within a 50 cm intra-row space, a vertical-architecture Meru H513-pigeonpea system and a farmer practice.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Branch formation was significantly higher in DUL than in maize-based systems (<i>p</i> ≤ 0.05). Seasonal weather had upto 30% influence on pigeonpea flowering, with DUL having highest (<i>p</i> ≤ 0.05) flower production. The rate of pigeonpea branch and flower production in Mbili-Mbili was stable across seasons relative to other maize-pigeonpea systems. Doubled-up legume and farmer practice had pigeonpea litter yield of between 1 and 2 t ha⁻¹ which was at least 0.5 t ha⁻¹ higher than in maize-based systems (<i>p</i> ≤ 0.05). During the period preceding early maize reproductive stages, Mbili-Mbili increased light interception by 30% and 63% compared to maize-based systems and DUL, respectively. Maize toppings had higher (94%) P content than stover biomass that remained until harvest.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Overall, maize-legume systems had higher intercropping efficacy than sole maize system, both in interception use efficiency, soil mulch cover, among other soil health benefits. Mbili-Mbili and DUL also had increased phenological benefits on intercropped legumes however, the latter was prone to seasonal weather variability.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":100834,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sustainable Agriculture and Environment","volume":"3 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/sae2.12110","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141435666","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A review of potassium significance and management approaches in potato production under sandy soils","authors":"Simranpreet K. Sidhu,&nbsp;Lincoln Zotarelli,&nbsp;Lakesh K. Sharma","doi":"10.1002/sae2.12106","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/sae2.12106","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This review focuses on the critical role of potassium (K) in potato cultivation, addressing its essential functions in plant metabolism and the challenges in managing soil K levels, specifically under sandy soils. The K use efficiency is higher in potatoes, with the maximum potential up to 55%, compared to cereals at 19%. Potatoes require high quantities of K, especially in well-drained sandy soils, to maximise growth and yield. Because K is a highly leaching-prone nutrient in these soils, its deficiencies could affect plant health, metabolism (K is required to activate more than 60 enzymes) and productivity. Optimal potato growth necessitates maintaining 1.8% K in the tubers, corresponding to a need of 0.22 kg K₂O ac⁻¹ for a substantial yield. The review article highlights the significant use of potash fertilisers in the United States, with an average consumption of 4.43 million metric tons between 2010 and 2021, underscoring the importance of K in agricultural practices. The paper also highlights the difference in K requirement and removal among different potato varieties that require the maximum amount in processing types. This manuscript discusses K's management schemes through soil testing, plant tissue analysis and artificial intelligence. The integration of various machine-learning methods could offer promising prospects for predicting K response in potatoes, aiming to improve nutrient management and sustainable crop production. By synthesising current knowledge and advancements in K fertilisation techniques, this paper provides insights into overcoming the challenges of K management in potato cultivation, ultimately contributing to increased productivity and improved crop quality.</p>","PeriodicalId":100834,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sustainable Agriculture and Environment","volume":"3 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/sae2.12106","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141326678","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A belowground perspective on the nexus between biodiversity change, climate change, and human well-being","authors":"Nico Eisenhauer,&nbsp;Karin Frank,&nbsp;Alexandra Weigelt,&nbsp;Bartosz Bartkowski,&nbsp;Rémy Beugnon,&nbsp;Katja Liebal,&nbsp;Miguel Mahecha,&nbsp;Martin Quaas,&nbsp;Djamil Al-Halbouni,&nbsp;Ana Bastos,&nbsp;Friedrich J. Bohn,&nbsp;Mariana Madruga de Brito,&nbsp;Joachim Denzler,&nbsp;Hannes Feilhauer,&nbsp;Rico Fischer,&nbsp;Immo Fritsche,&nbsp;Claudia Guimaraes-Steinicke,&nbsp;Martin Hänsel,&nbsp;Daniel B. M. Haun,&nbsp;Hartmut Herrmann,&nbsp;Andreas Huth,&nbsp;Heike Kalesse-Los,&nbsp;Michael Koetter,&nbsp;Nina Kolleck,&nbsp;Melanie Krause,&nbsp;Marlene Kretschmer,&nbsp;Pedro J. Leitão,&nbsp;Torsten Masson,&nbsp;Karin Mora,&nbsp;Birgit Müller,&nbsp;Jian Peng,&nbsp;Mira L. Pöhlker,&nbsp;Leonie Ratzke,&nbsp;Markus Reichstein,&nbsp;Solveig Richter,&nbsp;Nadja Rüger,&nbsp;Beatriz Sánchez-Parra,&nbsp;Maha Shadaydeh,&nbsp;Sebastian Sippel,&nbsp;Ina Tegen,&nbsp;Daniela Thrän,&nbsp;Josefine Umlauft,&nbsp;Manfred Wendisch,&nbsp;Kevin Wolf,&nbsp;Christian Wirth,&nbsp;Hannes Zacher,&nbsp;Sönke Zaehle,&nbsp;Johannes Quaas","doi":"10.1002/sae2.12108","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/sae2.12108","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Soil is central to the complex interplay among biodiversity, climate, and society. This paper examines the interconnectedness of soil biodiversity, climate change, and societal impacts, emphasizing the urgent need for integrated solutions. Human-induced biodiversity loss and climate change intensify environmental degradation, threatening human well-being. Soils, rich in biodiversity and vital for ecosystem function regulation, are highly vulnerable to these pressures, affecting nutrient cycling, soil fertility, and resilience. Soil also crucially regulates climate, influencing energy, water cycles, and carbon storage. Yet, climate change poses significant challenges to soil health and carbon dynamics, amplifying global warming. Integrated approaches are essential, including sustainable land management, policy interventions, technological innovations, and societal engagement. Practices like agroforestry and organic farming improve soil health and mitigate climate impacts. Effective policies and governance are crucial for promoting sustainable practices and soil conservation. Recent technologies aid in monitoring soil biodiversity and implementing sustainable land management. Societal engagement, through education and collective action, is vital for environmental stewardship. By prioritizing interdisciplinary research and addressing key frontiers, scientists can advance understanding of the soil biodiversity–climate change–society nexus, informing strategies for environmental sustainability and social equity.</p>","PeriodicalId":100834,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sustainable Agriculture and Environment","volume":"3 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/sae2.12108","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141304222","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prof Diana Wall: A pioneering researcher and advocate of global soil biodiversity","authors":"Brajesh K. Singh,&nbsp;Pankaj Trivedi,&nbsp;Eleonora Egidi,&nbsp;Manuel Delgado-Baquerizo","doi":"10.1002/sae2.12107","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/sae2.12107","url":null,"abstract":"<p></p><p>Prof Diana H. Wall was a pioneering scientist, a trailblazer, a mentor for many, and the strongest advocate of soil biodiversity. Her research impacted many aspects of soil ecology, and she was best known for her work in Antarctic McMurdo Dry Valleys, soil invertebrates, ecosystem services and effects of climate change. Her research and advocacy had transformational impacts both on the fundamental understanding on distributions, functions they provide, and the need for assessment and conservation of soil biodiversity (van der Putten et al., <span>2023</span>). Her tireless efforts and strongest possible advocacy of soil biodiversity was the foundation of changes we saw in recent years in global policies, including recently adopted agreement to include soil biodiversity in national biodiversity reporting at COP-15 of the Convention of Biological Diversity (CBD) in Montreal, Canada 2022 (The Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework, <span>2022</span>). Her scientific contributions have been recognised by many prestigious awards and fellowships including being elected as a member of the National Academy of Science and American Academy of Arts and Sciences. In recognition of her long-term contribution to Antarctic science, an upland Antarctic Valley—the Wall Valley—was named after her.</p><p>Soils are critical for supporting food security and climate change regulation. Up to 95% of our food come from soils (World Economic Forum, <span>2023</span>). Sadly, one-third of these soils are already under some type of degradation. Further, soils provide habitats for 59% of global biodiversity (Anthony et al., <span>2023</span>) that plays a fundamental role in regulating the function of terrestrial ecosystems, driving key processes such as carbon sequestration, nutrient cycling and climate regulation (Delgado Baquerizo et al., <span>2020</span>). However, this awareness was not always there, and soils and their biodiversity were poorly understood and largely underestimated. Diana was a pioneer in investigating and highlighting the fundamental importance of soil biodiversity. Her doctoral thesis on soil nematodes and her novel work describing the soil biodiversity of extreme deserts from Antarctica opened the door to researchers across the globe to investigate and learn more about soil organisms and their role to support ecosystem functions.</p><p>Diana was well known for her many leadership activities and has inspired many across the globe. Her research career started with a PhD at the University of Kentucky in 1971, she then moved to the University of California-Riverside. In 1993, she moved to Colorado State University and worked there in various capacities, including a key role in establishing and leading the School of Global Environmental Sustainability. In her strong commitment to support soil biodiversity research and conservation, Diana led and supported many initiatives that have spawned broad engagement and innovation in the field of","PeriodicalId":100834,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sustainable Agriculture and Environment","volume":"3 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/sae2.12107","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141245942","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nitrogen and phosphorus mineralization and their corresponding monetary values under long-term integrated soil fertility management practices","authors":"Peter Bolo,&nbsp;Monicah Mucheru-Muna,&nbsp;Michael Kinyua,&nbsp;George Ayaga,&nbsp;Sylvia Nyawira,&nbsp;Job Kihara","doi":"10.1002/sae2.12100","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/sae2.12100","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Introduction</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) are essential nutrients for plant growth, commonly supplied through costly inorganic amendments. However, despite the benefits of nutrient mineralisation, there is limited quantitative information on its monetary value, and the extent of associated potential financial relief to smallholder farmers, particularly in western Kenya region.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Materials and Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study used in situ resin core method to explore the extent of N and P nutrient mineralisation and monetary equivalents under select integrated soil fertility management (ISFM) practices in two long-term (17 years) trials namely Conservation Tillage (CT1) and Integrated Nutrient Management (INM3).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>FYM addition increased various soil chemical parameters while sole fertiliser (NPK) reduced soil pH and soil organic carbon (SOC). Phosphorus application was associated with increased P availabillity and its monetary value within the first month (0.29 kg P ha⁻¹; USD 1.13 ha⁻¹) and second month (1.22 kg P ha⁻¹; USD 4.76 ha⁻¹) of incubation. The quantities of N mineralised, and their monetary equivalents varied with fertiliser application and incubation times. Nitrogen fertilisation depressed P mineralisation and monetary benefits. FYM application increased P mineralisation and its monetary value within 30 (0.78 kg ha⁻¹; ~USD 3.02 ha⁻¹) and 60 (1.22 kg ha⁻¹; ~USD 4.76) days of incubation. Residue application increased mineralised N (17.48 kg ha⁻¹; ~USD 22.79 ha⁻¹) after 60 days. Maize and soybean intercropping increased N mineralisation (45.81 kg N ha⁻¹) and monetary value (USD 59.76 ha⁻¹). SOC and other soil variables, their stoichiometry ratios and N mineralisation were significantly correlated. Combined NPK and FYM application significantly (<i>p</i> ≤ 0.05) increased maize yields and grain prices.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>These findings reflect potential nutrient-based economic advantages of ISFM practices to resource-limited smallholder farmers. Combined application of NPK fertiliser and FYM is integral in not only optimising crop yields, but also driving key soil health-related parameters and economic benefits.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":100834,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sustainable Agriculture and Environment","volume":"3 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/sae2.12100","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140919245","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}