Journal of Sustainable Agriculture and Environment最新文献

{"title":"Nano-enabled stress-smart agriculture: Can nanotechnology deliver drought and salinity-smart crops?","authors":"Ali Raza,&nbsp;Sidra Charagh,&nbsp;Hajar Salehi,&nbsp;Saghir Abbas,&nbsp;Faisal Saeed,&nbsp;Gérrard E. J. Poinern,&nbsp;Kadambot H. M. Siddique,&nbsp;Rajeev K. Varshney","doi":"10.1002/sae2.12061","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/sae2.12061","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Salinity and drought stress substantially decrease crop yield and superiority, directly threatening the food supply needed to meet the rising food needs of the growing total population. Nanotechnology is a step towards improving agricultural output and stress tolerance by improving the efficacy of inputs in agriculture via targeted delivery, controlled release, and enhanced solubility and adhesion while also reducing significant damage. The direct application of nanoparticles (NPs)/nanomaterials can boost the performance and effectiveness of physio-biochemical and molecular mechanisms in plants under stress conditions, leading to advanced stress tolerance. Therefore, we presented the effects and plant responses to stress conditions, and also explored the potential of nanomaterials for improving agricultural systems, and discussed the advantages of applying NPs at various developmental stages to alleviate the negative effects of salinity and drought stress. Moreover, we feature the recent innovations in state-of-the-art nanobiotechnology, specifically NP-mediated genome editing via CRISPR/Cas system, to develop stress-smart crops. However, further investigations are needed to unravel the role of nanobiotechnology in addressing climate change challenges in modern agricultural systems. We propose that combining nanobiotechnology, genome editing and speed breeding techniques could enable the designing of climate-smart cultivars (particularly bred or genetically modified plant varieties) to meet the food security needs of the rising world population.</p>","PeriodicalId":100834,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sustainable Agriculture and Environment","volume":"2 3","pages":"189-214"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/sae2.12061","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50152052","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of multiple soil microbial inoculants on biomass and biomass allocation of the legume crop field pea (Fabaceae: Pisum sativum L.)","authors":"Ben Glogoza,&nbsp;Laura Aldrich-Wolfe,&nbsp;Jarrad R. Prasifka,&nbsp;Deirdre A. Prischmann-Voldseth","doi":"10.1002/sae2.12060","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/sae2.12060","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Introduction</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Food production is a global challenge and consequently there is considerable interest in manipulating the rhizobiome using microbial inoculants (MI) to support sustainable agriculture. The effectiveness of MI needs to be evaluated under diverse environmental conditions, especially for nitrogen-fixing legume crops, for which interactions between their associated bacteria and other soil biota may be particularly important.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Materials and Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We investigated how three commercially available types of plant growth-promoting MI, alone and in combination (B5: five species of <i>Bacillus</i> bacteria, GP: four species of <i>Trichoderma</i> fungi, N2: <i>Paenibacillus polymyxa</i> bacteria) impacted field pea (Fabales: Fabaceae, <i>Pisum sativum</i> L.) in the greenhouse and a 2-year field experiment.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In the greenhouse, we found that effects of MI on plant performance varied, with positive effects of MI only apparent when plants were grown in the winter and likely under greater stress, because they lacked nodules. Plants grown in the summer had nodules and 2-week-old MI plants had less root biomass and total plant weight than noninoculated controls, but the weight of 4-week-old MI plants was similar to or greater than that of the controls. In the field, the root-to-shoot biomass ratio was highest in noninoculated controls and positive effects of N2 on shoots and B5 on shoots and pod densities did not translate into differences in pod weight or total plant weight. In most cases, plants inoculated with all three inoculants performed similar to those receiving a single inoculant, whereas root colonization by arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi was higher for B5 plants than plants in the other treatments.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Overall, B5 was the inoculant most often associated with increased plant biomass. This research underscores the need to consider microbial and environmental context when evaluating MI.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":100834,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sustainable Agriculture and Environment","volume":"2 3","pages":"314-327"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/sae2.12060","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50130098","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impacts of shelterbelt systems on pasture production and soil bacterial and fungal communities in agricultural fields","authors":"Thi Bao-Anh Nguyen,&nbsp;Lina A. Henao,&nbsp;Zelin Li,&nbsp;Long Cheng,&nbsp;Hang-Wei Hu","doi":"10.1002/sae2.12059","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/sae2.12059","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Introduction</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Shelterbelts, which provide protection for livestock and crops against severe weather conditions, have been recognised as important contributors to increased crop yields. Soil microorganisms play important roles in nutrient cycling, soil health and plant performance, thereby exerting significant influence on ecological services in terrestrial ecosystems. However, impacts of shelterbelts on soil microbial communities in pasture ecosystems remain poorly studied.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Materials and Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Here, we assessed the effect of shelterbelts (composed of <i>Eucalyptus</i> and native shrubs) on the pasture and nutrient productivity as well as soil bacterial and fungal communities at four distances from the shelterbelts with two different heights in two fields during spring and summer by applying amplicon sequencing, physicochemical and nutritional value analyses.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The results showed that the shelterbelt height, distances from shelterbelts, seasons and their interactive effects substantially affected pasture yield, neutral detergent fibre, metabolisable energy and crude protein yields, but did not increase the pasture productivity in the rows adjacent to the shelterbelts. We also identified that the alpha diversity of bacteria and fungi did not significantly change across distances from the shelterbelts in both fields, but the community structure of soil bacteria and fungi was significantly influenced by distances from the shelterbelts. Interestingly, soil calcium (Ca) and shelterbelts were identified as top predictors of fungal community while soil pH and Ca was key drivers of bacterial community.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Our study provides novel knowledge in the impact of shelterbelts on pasture and nutritional production and soil microbial communities, which contributes to appropriate application and strategic management of the windbreak systems in agriculture production.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":100834,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sustainable Agriculture and Environment","volume":"2 3","pages":"301-313"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/sae2.12059","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50146909","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Organic management and soil health promote nutrient use efficiency","authors":"Misato Toda,&nbsp;Florian Walder,&nbsp;Marcel G. A. van der Heijden","doi":"10.1002/sae2.12058","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/sae2.12058","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Introduction</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Nitrogen is a key nutrient for plants. Often less than 50% of the applied nitrogen fertilisers is acquired by crops and nitrogen can be easily lost into the environment causing environmental pollution. Thus, to make agriculture more sustainable, it is important to investigate which factors determine nitrogen use efficiency (NUE). We investigated whether NUE was higher in organically managed soils compared to conventionally managed soils.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Materials and Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To test this, we carried out a pot experiment in a greenhouse using soils from 16 fields. The soils were collected from conventionally (eight fields) or organically managed fields (eight fields). In addition, plants received two different ¹⁵N enriched N sources (mineral ¹⁵N or an organic fertiliser source, namely ¹⁵N enriched plant litter). Plants were harvested at three time points, and growth and nitrogen uptake were assessed at each time point.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>NUE depended on management type and harvest time and the higher NUE of organically managed soils became more evident towards the second and third harvest. The average NUE at the end of the experiment was 93% and 55% for mineral fertiliser and litter application, respectively. This indicated that mineral fertilisers were immediately acquired by the plants, while nutrients in organic amendments had a lower availability and probably would be supplied later but steadier. Further, NUE was positively linked to microbial biomass, soil organic carbon content, and aggregate size, indicating that enhanced soil quality and soil health leads to a more efficient use of fertilisers.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Our results indicate that organic management and soil health promote a more efficient use of nutrients and contribute to a more sustainable agriculture.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":100834,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sustainable Agriculture and Environment","volume":"2 3","pages":"215-224"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/sae2.12058","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50132499","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Seed biopriming at different concentrations to assess the effects of Cyanobacteria on germination and seedling performance of keystone arid species","authors":"Nathali M. Machado-de-Lima,&nbsp;James Charlesworth,&nbsp;Jana Stewart,&nbsp;Mark K. J. Ooi,&nbsp;Miriam Muñoz-Rojas","doi":"10.1002/sae2.12049","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/sae2.12049","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Introduction</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Biocrust cyanobacteria have a large potential as biofertilizers for restoring degraded ecosystems because of their ability to improve soil nutrition and stabilisation, and to produce metabolites such as phytohormones to enhance plant growth. However, important aspects regarding the effects of cyanobacteria on native plants, such as metabolite production or concentration of inoculants, remain unknown. Here, we investigated the effects of different concentrations of cyanobacteria, on the germination and seedling growth of keystone plant species used in dryland restoration. We hypothesised that the studied inoculant would improve germination and seedling growth rates, with specific effects associated with the inoculant's concentration and metabolomic profiles.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We bioprimed seeds of four native plant species, using a cyanobacterial inoculant with different proportions of <i>Nostoc</i> and <i>Leptolyngbya</i> at two different concentrations. We recorded germination, measured seedling growth, and determined the corrected vigour for each treatment and species. Metabolites produced by the cyanobacterial inoculant were assessed to identify plant growth hormones potentially driving any effects.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>There was a clear positive effect on the total germination of <i>Triodia epactia</i> and <i>Triodia wiseana</i>, but negative impacts for <i>Senna notabilis</i> and <i>Grevillea wickhamii</i>. There were also positive effects on root growth, but only for <i>T. epactia</i>, with negative or neutral impacts on the root and shoot growth of other species tested. We detected phytohormones, salicylic acid and indole-3-acetic acid, that were produced by our cyanobacteria inoculant, which are strongly linked to positive effects in early plant growth stages, but also known to inhibit growth when in higher concentrations.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The positive effects of the biopriming protocol used are not uniform and highlight the need to improve our understanding of the effects provided both from different consortia and the concentrations applied when inoculating. There is a very high value in improving restoration outcomes for native vegetation communities in arid and semi-arid regions.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":100834,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sustainable Agriculture and Environment","volume":"2 3","pages":"266-275"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/sae2.12049","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50119147","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biome regulates the effects of long-term grazing on soil microbial diversity","authors":"Xuan Zhao,&nbsp;Jinting Cai,&nbsp;Yueqing Song,&nbsp;Jushan Liu,&nbsp;Deli Wang,&nbsp;Ling Wang","doi":"10.1002/sae2.12056","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/sae2.12056","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Introduction</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Livestock overgrazing represents one of the most destructive uses of land in terrestrial ecosystems and threatens biodiversity. However, understanding the effects of livestock overgrazing on below-ground soil microbial diversity is limited, despite soil microbes representing the majority of biodiversity and determining ecosystem functioning.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Materials and Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To investigate the effects of overgrazing on soil microbial richness, a long-term grazing exclusion experiment was conducted at six sites including three meadow steppes and three typical steppes in northern China.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Our results revealed that overgrazing decreased bacterial and fungal richness across temperate steppes in northern China, and the biome could regulate the overgrazing effects, especially for fungal richness. Specifically, the negative effects of overgrazing on microbial richness were highly significant in typical steppes while not significant in meadow steppes that contained higher plant diversity and precipitation. Partial least-squares path model showed that overgrazing affected soil microbial richness in highly complex ways, and the affected pathways were different in meadow steppes and typical steppes. The direct negative effects of grazing and their indirect negative effects via soil properties resulted in a significant decrease in microbial richness in typical steppes. In meadow steppes, the indirect beneficial effects via plant attributes offset the direct negative effects of grazing. Consequently, the soil microbial community in meadow steppe resisted overgrazing disturbance.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Our study illuminates the complex and highly biome-dependent grazing effects and pathways on soil microbiota and indicates that meadow steppe may be more resistant or resilient to human disturbance than typical steppe. These findings suggest that different grasslands might be managed differently considering their intrinsic characteristics to help biodiversity conservation. Moreover, future research should focus on the underlying mechanisms of grazing effects on soil microbial richness. Besides grazing-induced plant and soil traits changes, other potential pathways could strongly influence soil microbial diversity.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":100834,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sustainable Agriculture and Environment","volume":"2 3","pages":"276-284"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/sae2.12056","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50148078","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ancient and modern wheat varieties: A trade-off between soil CO2 emissions and grain yield?","authors":"Laly Rouch,&nbsp;Stéphane Follain,&nbsp;Eric Pimet,&nbsp;Florian Bizouard,&nbsp;Elodie Cognard,&nbsp;Olivier Mathieu,&nbsp;Manuel Blouin","doi":"10.1002/sae2.12048","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/sae2.12048","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Introduction</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Humanity is facing two great challenges: producing enough food for a growing population and mitigating greenhouse gas emissions. In this study, we investigated the choice of specific wheat varieties to improve carbon storage in soil while producing enough grain to assure food security. We hypothesize that ancient wheat varieties could store more carbon than modern ones, due to a likely bigger and deeper root system or to more recalcitrant root organic matter.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Materials and Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We conducted a field experiment with four modern and four ancient wheat varieties, on four different sites with contrasted soil properties. Root morphology was assessed by image analysis and potential CO₂ emissions by incubation for 60 days. Since in situ carbon storage differences between ancient and modern varieties were expected to be weak and not cumulated due to rotation, we estimated expected CO₂ emissions from root biomass and potential CO₂ emissions. The grain yield was also measured.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The breeding type (ancient vs. modern varieties) affected root length in two of our four sites, with longer roots for ancient varieties, but it did not affect other root traits such as biomass. The breeding type also affected CO₂ emissions, with higher measured CO₂ emissions for modern than ancient varieties in Arenic Cambisol conditions (Morvan), and higher estimated (considering root biomass variations) CO₂ emissions for modern varieties in Rendzic Leptosol conditions (Saint Romain). Root traits and estimated CO₂ emissions were also dependent on the soil properties of the different sites. We did not find any significant differences in grain yield between ancient and modern varieties.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A possible trade-off between carbon storage and grain production was expected, but our results suggest that some types of soil can support both high grain yield and C storage, especially those with an important depth, a neutral pH and a fine texture.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":100834,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sustainable Agriculture and Environment","volume":"2 3","pages":"238-250"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/sae2.12048","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50155525","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of biostimulant application on soil biological and physicochemical properties: A field study","authors":"Jenendra Wadduwage,&nbsp;Hongwei Liu,&nbsp;Eleonora Egidi,&nbsp;Brajesh K. Singh,&nbsp;Catriona A. Macdonald","doi":"10.1002/sae2.12057","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/sae2.12057","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Introduction</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Despite their potential benefits, it is not well understood how the application of biostimulants influences soil biological properties and their microbial communities in field conditions. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the impacts of biostimulants on soil biological and physicochemical properties relevant to soil health.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Materials and Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To achieve this, we conducted a field study to investigate the effects of two types of commercially available biostimulants, Universal Natural Plant food (UNP) and Converte Seed Primer (CSP), on microbial activity, bacterial and fungal abundance, community structure and diversity, and soil chemical and physical properties across two depths (0–10 and 10–20 cm) from five sites under either wheat or pasture cultivation.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Our findings suggest that application of UNP stimulated microbial activity by 40.1% in surface (0–10 cm) and 36.4% in deeper (10–20 cm) soil, but was dependant on site. Effects were generally greater in grasslands compared with arable soils. At sites where UNP stimulated microbial respiration, substrate-induced respiration was also stimulated in surface soils and was associated with increased soil moisture content and higher total carbon and nitrogen. At the one site where UNP was combined with CSP, soil enzymes associated with carbon and nitrogen cycling were stimulated in UNP and UNP + CSP treatments. Total bacterial and fungal abundance and their alpha diversity did not respond to biostimulant treatment. However, microbial indicator communities were identified that responded positively to UNP and CSP addition across the two depths. Bacterial indicator species included <i>Elsterales, Propionibacteriales, Solibacterales, Candatus, Reyranellales</i> and <i>Sphingomonadales</i>, but differed between depths. For the fungal indicator species <i>Filobasidiales</i> (Basidiomycota) and <i>Pleosporales</i> (Ascomycota) were strong responders and common across both depths.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Overall, our results suggest some positive effects of biostimulants on soil biological and physicochemical properties. Further long-term studies should be conducted to evaluate the effects of biostimulants on crop yield and farm resilience.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":100834,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sustainable Agriculture and Environment","volume":"2 3","pages":"285-300"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/sae2.12057","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50152424","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Predicting soil fungal communities from chemical and physical properties","authors":"Natacha Bodenhausen,&nbsp;Julia Hess,&nbsp;Alain Valzano,&nbsp;Gabriel Deslandes-Hérold,&nbsp;Jan Waelchli,&nbsp;Reinhard Furrer,&nbsp;Marcel G. A. van der Heijden,&nbsp;Klaus Schlaeppi","doi":"10.1002/sae2.12055","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/sae2.12055","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Introduction</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Biogeography describes spatial patterns of diversity and explains why organisms occur in given conditions. While it is well established that the diversity of soil microbes is largely controlled by edaphic environmental variables, microbiome community prediction from soil properties has received less attention. In this study, we specifically investigated whether it is possible to predict the composition of soil fungal communities based on physicochemical soil data using multivariate ordination.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Materials and Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We sampled soil from 59 arable fields in Switzerland and assembled paired data of physicochemical soil properties as well as profiles of soil fungal communities. Fungal communities were characterized using long-read sequencing of the entire ribosomal internal transcribed spacer. We used redundancy analysis to combine the physical and chemical soil measurements with the fungal community data.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We identified a reduced set of 10 soil properties that explained fungal community composition. Soil properties with the strongest impact on the fungal community included pH, potassium and sand content. Finally, we evaluated the model for its suitability for prediction using leave-one-out validation. The prediction of community composition was successful for most soils, and only 3/59 soils could not be well predicted (Pearson correlation coefficients between observed and predicted communities of &lt;0.5). Further, we successfully validated our prediction approach with a publicly available data set. With both data sets, prediction was less successful for soils characterized by very unique properties or diverging fungal communities, while it was successful for soils with similar characteristics and microbiome.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Reliable prediction of microbial communities from chemical soil properties could bypass the complex and laborious sequencing-based generation of microbiota data, thereby making soil microbiome information available for agricultural purposes such as pathogen monitoring, field inoculation or yield projections.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":100834,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sustainable Agriculture and Environment","volume":"2 3","pages":"225-237"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/sae2.12055","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50149961","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Climate and environmental data contribute to the prediction of grain commodity prices using deep learning","authors":"Zilin Wang,&nbsp;Niamh French,&nbsp;Thomas James,&nbsp;Calogero Schillaci,&nbsp;Faith Chan,&nbsp;Meili Feng,&nbsp;Aldo Lipani","doi":"10.1002/sae2.12041","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/sae2.12041","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Grain commodities are important to people's daily lives and their fluctuations can cause instability for households. Accurate prediction of grain prices can improve food and social security.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods &amp; Materials</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study proposes a hybrid Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM)-Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) model to forecast weekly oat, corn, soybean and wheat prices in the United States market. The LSTM-CNN is a multivariate model that uses weather data, macroeconomic data, commodities grain prices and snow factors, including Snow Water Equivalent (SWE), snowfall and snow depth, to make multistep ahead forecasts.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Of all the features, the snow factor is used for the first time for commodity price forecasting. We used the LSTM-CNN model to evaluate the 5, 10, 15 and 20 weeks ahead forecasting and this hybrid model had the lowest Mean Squared Error (MSE) at 5, 10 and 15 weeks ahead of prediction. In addition, Shapley values were calculated to analyse the feature contribution of the LSTM-CNN model when forecasting the testing set. Based on the feature contribution, SWE ranked third, fifth and seventh in feature importance in the 5-week ahead forecast for corn, oats and wheat, respectively, and 7–8 places higher than total precipitation, indicating the potential use of SWE in grain price forecasting.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The hybrid multivariate LSTM-CNN model outperformed other models and the newly involved climate data, SWE, showed the research potential of using snow as an input variable to predict grain prices over a multistep ahead time horizon.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":100834,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sustainable Agriculture and Environment","volume":"2 3","pages":"251-265"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/sae2.12041","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50122773","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}