Journal of Sustainable Agriculture and Environment最新文献

{"title":"Different factors are operative in shaping the epiphytic grapevine microbiome across different geographical scales: Biogeography, cultivar or vintage?","authors":"Elena Papadopoulou,&nbsp;Fotios Bekris,&nbsp;Sotirios Vasileiadis,&nbsp;Kalliope K. Papadopoulou,&nbsp;Dimitrios G. Karpouzas","doi":"10.1002/sae2.12030","DOIUrl":"10.1002/sae2.12030","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Introduction</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The composition of the grapevine microbiome is controlled by a range of factors all contributing to the establishment of microbial <i>terroir</i>. Most studies have focused on the grape must microbiome, while less is known about the assemblage mechanisms of the epiphytic grapevine microbiome. We aimed to disentangle the role of geographic location, cultivar and vintage on the composition of the epiphytic fungal and bacterial communities of grapevine: within (regional scale) and across (national scale) viticultural zones in Greece. We hypothesised that: (i) the influence of all three factors varies at different geographical scales; (ii) fungi and bacteria respond differently to the factors shaping the grapevine microbiome.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Materials and Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We analysed leaves and berries collected from Greek cultivars (i) Vidiano and Agiorgitiko located in three geographically distant regions (from 100 to &gt;600 km), (ii) Roditis and Sideritis from different <i>terroir</i> units of the viticultural zone of Aigialeia.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Amplicon sequencing analysis identified strong regional signatures on the epiphytic microbiome across viticultural zones, whereas cultivar becomes a strong determinant at the viticultural zone scale. Fungal communities were more responsive to all studied factors compared to bacterial communities. Differential abundance (DA) analysis identified dominant fungal (<i>Alternaria, Cladosporium, Nigrospora, Aureobasidium, Vishniacozyma</i>) and bacterial (<i>Sphingomonas, Masillia, Streptococcus, Staphylococcus, Enterobacterales</i>) amplicon sequence variants (ASVs) exhibiting geographical and cultivar-specific patterns.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Our data suggest that different factors are operative in shaping the epiphytic grapevine microbiome at different geographical scales with bacterial and fungal communities showing different responses to the tested structural factors.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":100834,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sustainable Agriculture and Environment","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/sae2.12030","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91074793","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Management-induced shifts in rhizosphere bacterial communities contribute to the control of pathogen causing citrus greening disease","authors":"Kathryn E. Bazany,&nbsp;Manuel Delgado-Baquerizo,&nbsp;Abigail Thompson,&nbsp;Jun-Tao Wang,&nbsp;Kristen Otto,&nbsp;Robert C. Adair Jr.,&nbsp;Thomas Borch,&nbsp;Jan E. Leach,&nbsp;Pankaj Trivedi","doi":"10.1002/sae2.12029","DOIUrl":"10.1002/sae2.12029","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Introduction</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Citrus greening (aka Huanglongbing, HLB) caused primarily by the bacterial pathogen <i>Candidatus</i> Liberibacter asiaticus (<i>C</i>Las) has devastating effects on the global citrus industry. Agricultural management-induced changes in microbial communities are hypothesised to contribute toward HLB resistance by reducing pathogen titre and increasing root and soil health. However, we have a limited understanding of the impacts of management practices on the soil microbiome, making the extent of HLB management uncertain.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Material and Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Here we investigated the effect of agricultural management practices on reducing <i>C</i>Las titer via changes in rhizosphere-associated bacterial communities. Rhizosphere and root samples were collected from two sites in Florida where different management practices (e.g., metalized reflective mulch ground covers, compost application and microbial inoculations) are currently being implemented to prevent HLB. Management-induced changes in the rhizosphere bacterial community were assessed using amplicon sequencing. qPCR assays were used to quantify the titer of the pathogen <i>C</i>Las in roots. In addition, we measured soil properties and the activities of microbial enzymes involved in soil nutrient cycling.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Our results indicated that certain management practices lead to shifts in the community structure of rhizosphere bacterial communities that negatively interact with the HLB pathogen. Management practices improved soil quality and reduced <i>C</i>Las titer. Additionally, we found that Actinobacteria were frequently enriched in the successful treatment sites, suggesting that Actinobacteria taxa could be indicators for HLB suppression properties in the soil.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Our results suggest that microbiome manipulation, either through changes in the management practices or microbial amendment, can increase the suppressive potential of soils, resulting in the reduction in <i>C</i>Las titer and potentially leading to HLB suppression in citrus groves.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":100834,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sustainable Agriculture and Environment","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/sae2.12029","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91489223","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Application of microbial inoculants significantly  enhances crop productivity: A meta-analysis of studies from 2010 to 2020","authors":"Jiayu Li,&nbsp;Juntao Wang,&nbsp;Hongwei Liu,&nbsp;Catriona A. Macdonald,&nbsp;Brajesh K. Singh","doi":"10.1002/sae2.12028","DOIUrl":"10.1002/sae2.12028","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Introduction</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>With the rapid development of microbial technology, microbial inoculant is considered as a promising tool in sustainable agricultural systems. Mechanisms by which microbial inoculants improve crop yield include improving plant nutrient availability and alleviating abiotic/biotic stresses (e.g., drought, salt and disease). However, the field efficacy of microbial inoculants remains inconsistent, which constrains large-scale adoptions. Identity of dominant mechanisms that underpin the positive impacts of different microbial inoculants is limited. Thus, a comprehensive quantitative assessment of known inoculants on crop performance is needed to provide guidance for the development of effective microbial tools from both research and commercial perspectives.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Materials and Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Based on 97 peer-reviewed publications, we conducted a meta-analysis to quantify the benefits of different microbial inoculants on crop yield, and to identify the key mechanisms that underpin enhanced crop yield.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Result showed that (i) alleviation of stresses was the major mechanism (53.95%, <i>n</i> = 53) by which microbial inoculants enhance crop yield, while improving plant nutrient availability accounted for 22.25% (<i>n</i> = 58) of crop yield enhancement. (ii) <i>Pseudomonas</i> was the most effective microbial inoculant in enhancing crop yield through alleviating stresses (63.91%, <i>n</i> = 15), whereas <i>Enterobacter</i> was the most effective in improving plant nutrient availability (27.12%, <i>n</i> = 5). (iii) Considering both mechanisms together, <i>Pseudomonas</i> (49.94%, <i>n</i> = 21), <i>Enterobacter</i> (27.55%, <i>n</i> = 13) and <i>Bacillus</i> (25.66%, <i>n</i> = 32) were the largest sources of microbial inoculants to enhance crop yield, and the combination of diazotroph <i>Burkholderia</i> with its legume host had the highest effect on improving the yield (by 196.38%). Microbial inoculants also improve nutritional quality by enhancing mineral contents in the produce.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Our analysis provides evidence that microbial inoculants can enhance agricultural productivity and nutritional quality and can be used either alone or in combination with reduced amount of agrochemicals to promote sustainable agriculture.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":100834,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sustainable Agriculture and Environment","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/sae2.12028","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73628837","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of classical and developed indexing methods for assessing the groundwater suitability for irrigation","authors":"Md. Shajedul Islam,&nbsp;Md. Golam Mostafa","doi":"10.1002/sae2.12027","DOIUrl":"10.1002/sae2.12027","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Introduction</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Several water quality indices exist to evaluate irrigation water quality (IWQ), but they have some limitations. This study attempted to develop a new Overall Irrigation Water Quality Index (Overall IWQIndex) using a rational subindex that is flexible enough and updated to signify irrigation water suitability. It considered the maximum verified desirable and permissible value of parameters, including the hazard class, a modified rating system of parameters in each hazard class, and diversified water parameters that have affected the soil and plants.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Materials and Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A total of 40 calcite-type groundwater samples were analyzed to evaluate the IWQ using the proposed Overall IWQIndex, some IWQ parameters, and different diagram-based statistical methods.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The study results were correlated with each other critically, and finally, the suitability for IWQ was determined. The results revealed that the samples of the postmonsoon and premonsoon felt under the ‘good’ and ‘excellent’ categories, respectively.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The study developed an indexing model that is easy to compute, rationalize and deliver accurate information on the suitability of irrigation water.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":100834,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sustainable Agriculture and Environment","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/sae2.12027","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78167446","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lupin causes maize to increase organic acid exudation and phosphorus concentration in intercropping","authors":"Ulrike Schwerdtner,&nbsp;Ulrike Lacher,&nbsp;Marie Spohn","doi":"10.1002/sae2.12026","DOIUrl":"10.1002/sae2.12026","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Purpose</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>There is a need to develop agricultural practices that mobilize sparingly soluble soil phosphorus (P) due to increasing scarcity of P fertilizer. Interactions of different plant species in the rhizosphere might increase P mobilization, but the underlying mechanisms are still not fully understood.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We conducted a pilot study with four plant species (maize, soy, lupin, mustard) grown alone and in combination with maize (intercropping) to investigate how species interact to mobilize P from iron phosphate (FePO₄). Root exudates of individual plants were collected and analyzed for low molecular weight organic acid anions (LMWOA) and pH.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Maize increased its exudation of LMWOA and its biomass P concentration in intercropping, especially when grown together with lupin. This is the first study to show unequivocally that a high LMWOA concentration in the rhizosphere in intercropping is not only caused by high LMWOA release of the companion but also by an increased LMWOA exudation of the main crop. The high release of LMWOA was associated with a higher maize P concentration, indicating that enhanced LMWOA release in intercropping is beneficial for P acquisition of maize. Moreover, lupin and mustard mobilized more P from FePO₄ than maize and soy likely through high LMWOA exudation (lupin) and rhizosphere alkalinization (mustard).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Taken together, we reveal that intercropping with lupin increases the release of LMWOA by maize and concurrently the maize P concentration, suggesting that intercropping is useful for the mobilization of P from FePO₄ because it affects the exudation of maize.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":100834,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sustainable Agriculture and Environment","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/sae2.12026","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83224247","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integration of algae treatment with hydroponic crop waste to reduce impact of nutrient waste streams","authors":"Nicholas Cowan,&nbsp;Stella White,&nbsp;Justyna Olszewska,&nbsp;Anne Dobel,&nbsp;Gavin Sim,&nbsp;Lorna J. Eades,&nbsp;Ute Skiba","doi":"10.1002/sae2.12025","DOIUrl":"10.1002/sae2.12025","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Introduction</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Controlled environment agriculture (CEA) is expanding globally, but little is known about nutrient losses within these systems, or how to reduce subsequent pollution. This experiment investigates the potential to treat wastewater from hydroponically produced lettuce via the application of algae.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Materials and Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A total of 132 heads of lettuce were produced in the 4-layer nutrient film technique (NFT) vertical farming rack. Waste from the hydroponic system was used to cultivate naturally occurring algae. Nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P) and other trace elements (Ca, Co, Cu, Fe, K, Mg, Mn, Mo, Ni and Zn) were measured at each stage of production.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Overall the nutrient use efficiency (NUE) of applied mineral nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) was 88.7% and 59.4%. After algae treatment of waste streams the full system NUE of N and P was 99.5% and 95.0% respectively, thus significantly reducing waste heading for sewage. It was found that the crops consumed large quantities of Ca, Cu, Fe and Zn from the rooting sponges used in this experiment, which may have become available due to mineralization and the presence of slightly acidic fertiliser solution. The overall waste produced by the rooting sponge is of concern regarding the full NUE of the system, accounting for approximately 53% and 6% of the total N and P input into the system.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study highlights that treating wastewater streams from controlled environment agriculture (CEA) methods such as hydroponics with algae is successful and easy to achieve with little effort. Future efforts by researchers and the CEA industry to better manage nutrient streams is recommended to improve the environmental credentials of developing CEA systems.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":100834,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sustainable Agriculture and Environment","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/sae2.12025","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83701033","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi prevent the negative effect of drought and modulate the growth-defence trade-off in tomato plants","authors":"Dimitri Orine,&nbsp;Emmanuel Defossez,&nbsp;Fredd Vergara,&nbsp;Henriette Uthe,&nbsp;Nicole M. van Dam,&nbsp;Sergio Rasmann","doi":"10.1002/sae2.12018","DOIUrl":"10.1002/sae2.12018","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Introduction</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A wide range of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) can be applied to agricultural soils as biofertilizers for increasing crop growth and yield. Current research also shows that AMF can stimulate plant defences against a range of herbivores and pathogens. However, to date, the efficient use of AMF in agriculture is largely impaired by our inability to predict the performance of different AMF-plant complexes in variable environments. For instance, AMFs by increasing plant foraging capacity might alleviate allocation constraints in relation to growth versus defences. However, whether this effect occurs might depend on the in situ conditions. The main goal of this study was to investigate the context-dependency of the ability of AMF to modulate plant growth and resistance against herbivores under variable soil water availability.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Materials and Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To address our goal, we performed a greenhouse experiment for measuring the effect of different AMF inocula (<i>Funneliformis mosseae</i>, <i>Rhizophagus irregularis</i>, or both) on tomato plants (<i>Solanum lycopersicum</i>) growth and defences against an insect herbivore under two conditions: a normal watering regime or drought conditions. We measured the functional, physiological and chemical traits of the plants.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We found that AMF presence generally decreased plant growth, but increased chemical defences and resistance against generalist caterpillars. Such growth-defence trade-off was nonetheless dependent on the identity of the mycorrhizal inoculum and on soil water content. Under drought, inoculated tomato plants lowered their investment to defence and noninoculated plants lowered their growth.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study highlights the influence of abiotic factors and fungal identity on plant–AMF–herbivore interactions. In a broader sense, our results point to the necessity of finding AMF species that have reduced context-dependency to climatic factors, for more widespread use in organic agriculture.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":100834,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sustainable Agriculture and Environment","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/sae2.12018","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85315006","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biochemical mechanism of phosphorus limitation impairing nitrogen fixation in diazotrophic bacterium Klebsiella variicola W12","authors":"Li-Mei Zhang,&nbsp;Eleonora Silvano,&nbsp;Branko Rihtman,&nbsp;Maria Aguilo-Ferretjans,&nbsp;Bing Han,&nbsp;Wei Shi,&nbsp;Yin Chen","doi":"10.1002/sae2.12024","DOIUrl":"10.1002/sae2.12024","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Introduction</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Biological nitrogen (N) fixation (BNF) plays a key role in nitrogen supply in agricultural and natural ecosystems. Harnessing BNF can substantially reduce dependence on chemical fertilizer in agroecosystems and hence can contribute to sustainable agriculture. However, a number of field studies have demonstrated that BNF can be largely suppressed in phosphorus (P)-deficient environments, while the underlying mechanism is not well understood.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Materials &amp; Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In this study, comparative proteomics and lipidomics analyses were conducted on a diazotrophic bacterium <i>Klebsiella variicola</i> W12 under P-deficient and P-replete conditions to gain insight into how P availability affects N fixation.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Under P deficiency, N fixation activity of <i>K. variicola</i> W12 was severely repressed. In response to P limitation, the bacterium synthesized P-free ornithine lipids to replace glycerophospholipids in its membrane to reduce cellular demand for P. Comparative proteomics showed that P limitation resulted in upregulation of the PhoBR two-component system, a range of organic and inorganic P uptake and transport systems, while nitrogenase and N-fixation-related transcriptional regulators NifL and NifA were downregulated.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>These results revealed lipid renovation as an adaptation strategy for N₂-fixing microbes to survive under P stress and provided biochemical evidence on how P availability regulates BNF. A conceptual model of N–P coupling at the microbial metabolism level is therefore proposed. Our study provides a simple yet plausible explanation of how P deficiency suppresses BNF observed in the field and highlights the importance of regulating P availability to maximize the potential of BNF in agroecosystems for agriculture sustainable production.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":100834,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sustainable Agriculture and Environment","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/sae2.12024","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85577044","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Synthetic community improves crop performance and alters rhizosphere microbial communities","authors":"Simranjit Kaur,&nbsp;Eleonora Egidi,&nbsp;Zhiguang Qiu,&nbsp;Catriona A. Macdonald,&nbsp;Jay Prakash Verma,&nbsp;Pankaj Trivedi,&nbsp;Juntao Wang,&nbsp;Hongwei Liu,&nbsp;Brajesh K. Singh","doi":"10.1002/sae2.12017","DOIUrl":"10.1002/sae2.12017","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Introduction</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Harnessing synthetic communities (SynCom) of plant growth-promoting (PGP) microorganisms is considered a promising approach to improve crop fitness and productivity. However, biotic mechanisms that underpin improved plant performance and the effects of delivery mode of synthetic community are poorly understood. These are critical knowledge gaps that constrain field efficacy of SynCom and hence large-scale adoption by the farming community.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Material &amp; Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In this study, a SynCom of four PGP microbial species was constructed and applied to either as seed dressing (treatment T1, applied at the time of sowing) or to soil (treatment T2, applied in soil at true leaf stage) across five different cotton (<i>Gossypium hirsutum</i>) cultivars. The impact of SynCom on plant growth, rhizosphere microbiome and soil nutrient availability, and how this was modified by plant variety and mode of applications, was assessed.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Results showed that the seed application of SynCom had the strongest positive impact on overall plant fitness, resulting in higher germination (14.3%), increased plant height (7.4%) and shoot biomass (5.4%). A significant increase in the number of flowers (10.4%) and yield (8.5%) was also observed in T1. The soil nitrate availability was enhanced by 28% and 55% under T1 and T2, respectively. Results further suggested that SynCom applications triggered enrichment of members from bacterial phyla Actinobacteria, Firmicutes and Cyanobacteria in the rhizosphere. A shift in fungal communities was also observed, with a significant increase in the relative abundance of fungi from phyla Chytridiomycota and Basidiomycota in SynCom treatments. A structural equation model suggested that SynCom directly increased crop productivity but also indirectly via impacting the alpha diversity of bacteria.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Overall, this study provides mechanistic evidence that SynCom applications can shift rhizosphere microbial communities and improve soil fertility, plant growth, and crop productivity, suggesting that their use could contribute toward sustainable increase in farm productivity.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":100834,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sustainable Agriculture and Environment","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/sae2.12017","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76262851","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sustainable agricultural practices contribute significantly to One Health","authors":"Zhenzhen Yan,&nbsp;Chao Xiong,&nbsp;Hongwei Liu,&nbsp;Brajesh K. Singh","doi":"10.1002/sae2.12019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/sae2.12019","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The One Health concept proposes that the health of humans, animals, and the environment are interconnected. Agricultural production is a critical component of One Health as food links the environment to human health. Food not only provides nutrients to humans but also represents an important pathway for human exposure to environmental microbes as well as potentially harmful agrochemicals. In addition, inappropriate agronomic practices can cause damage to the environment which can have unintended adverse impacts on human health. Therefore, improving agricultural production systems and protecting environmental health should not be viewed as isolated goals as they are strongly interlinked. Here, we used the nexus of soil, plant, and human microbiomes to discuss sustainable agricultural production from the One Health perspective. We highlighted three interconnected challenges faced by current agronomic practices: the transmissions of pathogens in soil-human microbial loops, the dissemination of antibiotic resistance genes in agroecosystems, and the impacts of chemical pesticides on humans and environmental health. Finally, we propose the potential of utilising microbiomes for better sustainable agronomic practices to contribute to key goals of the One Health concept.</p>","PeriodicalId":100834,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sustainable Agriculture and Environment","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/sae2.12019","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134813948","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}