Journal of Medicine, Surgery, and Public Health最新文献

{"title":"Artificial Intelligence for Pediatric Emergency Medicine","authors":"Mohammed Alsabri ,&nbsp;Nicholas Aderinto ,&nbsp;Marina Ramzy Mourid ,&nbsp;Fatima Laique ,&nbsp;Salina Zhang ,&nbsp;Noha S. Shaban ,&nbsp;Abdalhakim Shubietah ,&nbsp;Luis L. Gamboa","doi":"10.1016/j.glmedi.2024.100137","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.glmedi.2024.100137","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Pediatric Emergency Medicine (PEM) addresses the unique needs of children in emergencies. This subspecialty faces significant challenges, including the need for specialized training, patient crowding, and the demand for timely and accurate management. Artificial Intelligence (AI) presents promising solutions by enhancing diagnostic precision and operational efficiency. This review examines current trends and prospects of AI in PEM, focusing on its applications, benefits, challenges, and transformative potential. The review highlights AI’s role in overcoming PEM challenges and its future opportunities. Key AI applications in PEM include early sepsis detection, improving triage accuracy, predicting injuries, and supporting diagnostics. AI models show significant potential in forecasting clinical outcomes, optimizing resource management, and improving patient care. Despite these benefits, challenges remain, including the need for specialized training for physicians and the integration of AI systems into clinical practice. Yet, AI holds considerable promise for advancing PEM through enhanced diagnostic tools, more efficient patient management, and improved clinical decision support. Continued advancements and collaborations between AI researchers and pediatric emergency practitioners are essential to fully realize AI’s potential in this field.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100804,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medicine, Surgery, and Public Health","volume":"3 ","pages":"Article 100137"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2949916X24000902/pdfft?md5=c25608f5f3bd62a26321340e3e2b4894&pid=1-s2.0-S2949916X24000902-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142129947","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The promise of artificial intelligence and internet of things in oral cancer detection","authors":"Amol S. Dhane","doi":"10.1016/j.glmedi.2024.100130","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.glmedi.2024.100130","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The significance of artificial intelligence (AI) and the internet of things (IoT) in improving oral cancer detection is critically assessed in this letter. Oral cancer is a major worldwide health concern that is frequently detected at a late stage, resulting in a poor prognosis. AI techniques, in particular machine learning and deep learning models, show great promise for accurately assessing digital images and histopathology slides, assisting physicians in risk assessment and early identification. Furthermore, real-time monitoring and surveillance are made possible by IoT-enabled devices, which gather important patient data for the early identification of indications of oral cancer. Furthermore, the performance and efficacy of diagnosis have been improved by developments in image processing algorithms, which helps to avoid delayed diagnosis. Big data analytics and the application of salivary biomarkers enhance early detection initiatives. To battle oral cancer, a variety of AI and IoT strategies are being investigated, in addition to other AI uses. Although encouraging developments, application in clinical practice will not be successful unless issues with validation, standardization, data privacy and regulatory compliance are resolved. Working together, healthcare stakeholders can promote innovation, validate techniques and get over current obstacles. To reduce the prevalence of oral cancer, future directions include the creation of multimodal imaging methods and their incorporation into population-based screening initiatives. We can move closer to early detection, individualized therapy and prevention of oral cancer by utilizing AI and IoT, which will ultimately improve patient outcomes.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100804,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medicine, Surgery, and Public Health","volume":"3 ","pages":"Article 100130"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2949916X24000835/pdfft?md5=a566ff140095815c83fe54567839c4e1&pid=1-s2.0-S2949916X24000835-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141963315","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The role of artificial intelligence in enhancing nurses' work-life balance","authors":"Moustaq Karim Khan Rony ,&nbsp;Daifallah M. Alrazeeni ,&nbsp;Fazila Akter ,&nbsp;Latifun Nesa ,&nbsp;Dipak Chandra Das ,&nbsp;Muhammad Join Uddin ,&nbsp;Jeni Begum ,&nbsp;Most. Tahmina Khatun ,&nbsp;Md. Abdun Noor ,&nbsp;Sumon Ahmad ,&nbsp;Sabren Mukta Tanha ,&nbsp;Tuli Rani Deb ,&nbsp;Mst. Rina Parvin","doi":"10.1016/j.glmedi.2024.100135","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.glmedi.2024.100135","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Nursing, a cornerstone of healthcare, is a profession characterized by its dedication to patient well-being. However, the demanding nature of nursing often takes a toll on work-life balance. This commentary investigates how artificial intelligence (AI) could significantly impact the healthcare sector, particularly by enhancing the work-life balance of nurses. It highlights how AI can greatly lessen administrative tasks, improve clinical decision-making, and support remote patient monitoring, ultimately helping nurses achieve a more balanced work-life dynamic. The advancement of AI in healthcare presents a strong opportunity to improve nurses' work-life balance. Our comprehensive conceptual framework illustrates how AI can transform nursing practice, offering nurses newfound efficiency and flexibility. By responsibly integrating AI technologies, healthcare institutions can empower nurses to excel in their roles while enjoying a more sustainable work-life equilibrium. This commentary serves as a roadmap for embracing the potential of AI, not as a replacement for nurses, but as a valuable ally in fostering a better future for both nurses and the patients they serve.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100804,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medicine, Surgery, and Public Health","volume":"3 ","pages":"Article 100135"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2949916X24000884/pdfft?md5=8a9d33afadf21b22bcaef0ba4a53449d&pid=1-s2.0-S2949916X24000884-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142097896","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Artificial intelligence for hearing loss prevention, diagnosis, and management","authors":"Jehad Feras AlSamhori ,&nbsp;Abdel Rahman Feras AlSamhori ,&nbsp;Rama Mezyad Amourah ,&nbsp;Yara AlQadi ,&nbsp;Zina Wael Koro ,&nbsp;Toleen Ramzi Abdallah Haddad ,&nbsp;Ahmad Feras AlSamhori ,&nbsp;Diala Kakish ,&nbsp;Maya Jamal Kawwa ,&nbsp;Margaret Zuriekat ,&nbsp;Abdulqadir J. Nashwan","doi":"10.1016/j.glmedi.2024.100133","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.glmedi.2024.100133","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This paper explores the transformative impact of artificial intelligence (AI), particularly machine learning (ML), on diagnosing and treating hearing loss, which affects over 5% of the global population across all ages and demographics. AI encompasses various applications, from natural language processing models like ChatGPT to image recognition systems; however, this paper focuses on ML, a subfield of AI that can revolutionize audiology by enhancing early detection, formulating personalized rehabilitation plans, and integrating electronic health records for streamlined patient care. The integration of ML into audiometry, termed \"computational audiology,\" allows for automated, accurate hearing tests. AI algorithms can process vast data sets, provide detailed audiograms, and facilitate early detection of hearing impairments. Research shows ML's effectiveness in classifying audiograms, conducting automated audiometry, and predicting hearing loss based on noise exposure and genetics. These advancements suggest that AI can make audiological diagnostics and treatment more accessible and efficient. The future of audiology lies in the seamless integration of AI technologies. Collaborative efforts between audiologists, AI experts, and individuals with hearing loss are essential to overcome challenges and leverage AI's full potential. Continued research and development will enhance AI applications in audiology, improving patient outcomes and quality of life worldwide.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100804,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medicine, Surgery, and Public Health","volume":"3 ","pages":"Article 100133"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2949916X24000860/pdfft?md5=0ce34d0abea03ea27c334d59f1f1c016&pid=1-s2.0-S2949916X24000860-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142021144","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Towards equitable renal care: Strategies for enhancing kidney transplantation in Africa","authors":"Ikponmwosa Jude Ogieuhi,&nbsp;Nicholas Aderinto,&nbsp;Gbolahan Olatunji,&nbsp;Emmanuel Kokori,&nbsp;Adetola Emmanuel Babalola,&nbsp;Komolafe Babajide Ayodeji,&nbsp;Ajekiigbe Victor Oluwatomiwa,&nbsp;Muhammadul-Awwal Irodatullah Bisola,&nbsp;Ibukunoluwa V. Ishola,&nbsp;Ojabo Rebecca,&nbsp;Irene Ojapah","doi":"10.1016/j.glmedi.2024.100131","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.glmedi.2024.100131","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is defined as the presence of kidney damage persisting for 3 months or more. Kidney transplantation stands as a vital intervention for individuals grappling with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) in Africa, offering the promise of extended life and improved quality of life. However, numerous challenges hinder its widespread implementation across the continent. This paper explored kidney transplantation in Africa, aiming to illuminate key strategies for bridging gaps and building pathways to enhanced renal care. There is a disproportionate burden of CKD on the region's population. Therefore, there is a critical need for early diagnosis and intervention. This paper outlines comprehensive strategies for improving kidney transplantation in Africa. Results indicate that financial support systems, infrastructure enhancement, public awareness campaigns, and legal frameworks are essential for addressing renal care barriers. Active measures such as government subsidy programs, international funding collaboration, and engagement with community leaders are highlighted as effective approaches. Drawing from global standards and best practices, the paper shows the importance of tailored approaches that address Africa's unique socio-economic and healthcare landscape. By leveraging collaborative efforts, regulatory frameworks, and public engagement, African nations can overcome barriers to kidney transplantation and pave the way for equitable access to life-saving treatment.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100804,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medicine, Surgery, and Public Health","volume":"3 ","pages":"Article 100131"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2949916X24000847/pdfft?md5=29f2b5f3a952f9a293fd2fcb82443306&pid=1-s2.0-S2949916X24000847-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141997211","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sex differences in post-COVID ageusia/anosmia in the United States","authors":"R. Constance Wiener ,&nbsp;Christopher Waters ,&nbsp;Ruchi Bhandari","doi":"10.1016/j.glmedi.2024.100129","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.glmedi.2024.100129","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Post-COVID Conditions (PCC) involve persistent symptoms associated with COVID-19 that continue beyond four weeks of initial infection. Sex has been shown to be related with COVID-19 severity and symptoms. The purpose of this study is to assess the loss of taste (ageusia) or smell (anosmia) among U.S. residents who had PCC and examine its specific association with sex. The data source for this cross-sectional study was 2022 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS), a U.S. national dataset. Participants were included if they had COVID-19, reported experiencing PCC, and identified their primary PCC symptom. Overall, 23,824 participants were included in the study. In multivariable logistic regression analysis, adjusted odds ratio for males compared to females was 1.18 (95 % CI: 1.03–1.35; p=0.0165). Participants who were aged &lt;50 years as compared with those who were aged ≥50 years, non-Hispanic white as compared with non-Hispanic black, had BMI ≤ 25 as compared with BMI ≥ 30, had no reported chronic condition as compared with those who did report a chronic condition, and had ≤high school education as compared with those who had &gt; high school education had higher odds of reporting PCC-related ageusia/anosmia in this multivariable model. Among people with PCC, males had an 18 % higher odds of reporting PCC-related ageusia/anosmia as their primary symptom of PCC compared to females. Findings from our study can help identify patients affected by PCC-related ageusia/anosmia who would benefit from early referral for supportive care, such as counseling or interventions that can alleviate this dysfunction.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100804,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medicine, Surgery, and Public Health","volume":"3 ","pages":"Article 100129"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2949916X24000823/pdfft?md5=b0768d1497eb93973692c546ef1bbeef&pid=1-s2.0-S2949916X24000823-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141636605","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Anxiety and depression among college students in the post-COVID-19 phase","authors":"Gillian Gottlieb ,&nbsp;Corrin Sullivan ,&nbsp;Dale Netski ,&nbsp;Kavita Batra","doi":"10.1016/j.glmedi.2024.100128","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.glmedi.2024.100128","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Stress is prevalent in the lives of college students, which may manifest into anxiety and depression, especially after life-altering events, such as the COVID-19 pandemic. The goal of this study was to assess the post-pandemic presence and severities of anxiety and depression among the current population of college students at a minority-serving institution using a psychometrically valid 37-item questionnaire. The Generalized Anxiety Disorder 7 Scale (GAD-7) and the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale (CES-D) were used to assess anxiety and depression, respectively. Univariate and bivariate statistical tests were utilized to analyze the data. A total of 41 students completed the survey, of which 29 (70.8 %) demonstrated minimal to mild anxiety and 12 (29.2 %) demonstrated moderate to severe anxiety. Among respondents, 26 (63.4 %) demonstrated depressive symptoms, and 15 (36.6 %) did not demonstrate any depressive symptoms. There were significantly higher anxiety scores among undergraduate students (p = 0.013) and those who have encountered barriers to identifying mental health resources (p = 0.03). In addition, marginally significant anxiety scores were found among students who have used mental health resources (p = 0.05). There were also significantly higher depression scores among undergraduate students (p = 0.005), those who have encountered barriers to identifying mental health resources (p = 0.02), and 18–22-year-olds (p = 0.01). As time has progressed since the height of the COVID-19 pandemic, further research is needed to discern whether anxiety and depression symptoms have improved or worsened in college students.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100804,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medicine, Surgery, and Public Health","volume":"3 ","pages":"Article 100128"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2949916X24000811/pdfft?md5=648c13a4166191fd80da6e0574bf5cee&pid=1-s2.0-S2949916X24000811-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141712904","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"HIV related knowledge and practices among undergraduate students in Africa: A cross-sectional multinational study","authors":"Mohamed Terra ,&nbsp;Promise Udohchukwu Okereke ,&nbsp;Felix Wandera ,&nbsp;Kandie Edith ,&nbsp;Monicah Syomiti Kitonga ,&nbsp;Asha Mohamed Ally ,&nbsp;Olumide A. Noah ,&nbsp;Ndupu Ronald Iheanyichukwu ,&nbsp;Enoch Luyirika ,&nbsp;Adewunmi Olalekan AbdulBasit ,&nbsp;Olaoluwaposi Emmanuel Ogunlana ,&nbsp;Henoch K. Ciswaka ,&nbsp;Fatima Ali Abdelghafar ,&nbsp;Haimanot Wolderufael Gebretsadik ,&nbsp;Mubarak Jolayemi Mustapha ,&nbsp;Wisdom Obumneme Okereke ,&nbsp;Ifedibar Wisdom Chisom ,&nbsp;Umeh Chukwuemeka Victor ,&nbsp;Eman Khashaba ,&nbsp;Abdel-Hady El-Gilany","doi":"10.1016/j.glmedi.2024.100126","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.glmedi.2024.100126","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Africa has the highest burden of HIV/AIDS globally, with young people being the most affected. This study aimed to assess HIV knowledge and practices among undergraduate students in Africa.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>An analytical cross-sectional study was conducted in ten African countries using an online, self-administered, pre-validated questionnaire. The study was conducted in 10 African countries, located in 5 different regions across Africa including Kenya, Algeria, Botswana, Burkina Faso, Ethiopia, Nigeria, Rwanda, Sudan, Tanzania, and Uganda, during the academic year 2022–2023. A convenience sampling approach was utilized to collect the data. African undergraduates who were 18 years and older, enrolled in universities across ten African countries and were willing to participate and gave an e-informed consent were included.</p><p>Shapiro-Wilk test was utilized to check the data normality. Student’s t-test and Chi-square test were used for continuous and categorical variables in independent samples. Mann-Whitney U and Kruskal-Wallis tests were used for nonparametric comparisons. Logistic regression was used for identifying the predictors for the knowledge regarding HIV. Significance level was set at p &lt; 0.05.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>A total of 3727 undergraduate students responded to the questionnaire. Most students were medical students (68.1 %), single (94.9 %), and living in urban areas (78.7 %). The overall median HIV knowledge score was 14, and medical students had significantly higher knowledge than non-medical students (p &lt; 0.001). While the students had a strong understanding of HIV transmission, some aspects of their knowledge were inadequate. Most students relied on academic curricula for HIV information (72.3 %) and their institutions provided formal HIV prevention strategies (57.8 %). A low percentage engaged in risky sexual behaviors. The results indicated that being male (AOR (95 % CI) = 4 (1.2–13.2)), pursuing medical education (AOR (95 % CI) = 2.4 (2–2.8)), being in the final years of study (i.e. fourth, fifth, and sixth years) (AOR (95 % CI) = 1.3 (1.02–1.6), 1.6 (1.2–2.1), 2.4 (1.6–3.8), ever testing for HIV (AOR (95 % CI) = 2.3 (1.9–2.8), and ever engaging in sexual activity (AOR (95 % CI) = 2.6 (2.3–3) were independent predictors of good knowledge of HIV.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>The findings of this study reveal a notable proficiency in HIV knowledge among African undergraduate students, particularly those enrolled in medical programs. However, there remains scope for enhancing their HIV-related practices, particularly in the areas of routine HIV testing and the establishment of Voluntary Counseling and Testing (VCT) services.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100804,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medicine, Surgery, and Public Health","volume":"3 ","pages":"Article 100126"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2949916X24000793/pdfft?md5=198955da9055657ba4c7d0b26b3a4877&pid=1-s2.0-S2949916X24000793-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141708599","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antimicrobial resistance: Molecular drivers and underlying mechanisms","authors":"Shivangee Solanki,&nbsp;Hemanga Kumar Das","doi":"10.1016/j.glmedi.2024.100122","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.glmedi.2024.100122","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Ancient humans evaded lethal, tropical infections by migrating away from pathogen reservoirs to colder regions where the climate served as a physiological barrier to growth of pathogenic microorganisms. In the contemporary world, aversion of bacterial infections is being dominantly governed by a plethora of antimicrobial drugs which are deemed to be a boon to the society owning to their instant effectiveness, fewer stringent containment and transportation requirements, wider accessibility and economic feasibility. Nonetheless, antibiotic effectivity gradually declined as more microbes began evolving tolerance mechanisms (drug inactivation, drug efflux, drug target modification and more) against them. Invention of sensitive technologies paved way for fresh revelations including how conjugative plasmids in tandem with other mobile genetic elements (MGEs) contribute to the expansion of AMR gene pool. In this commentary, we revise the multifaceted processes associated with the origin (in microbial and human populations), advancement (antibiotic misuse, excessive use of antimicrobial resistance genes as selective markers in cloning pursuits) and dissemination of AMR, thereby, resolving confusions, unveiling new facts and targets that could lay the groundwork for novel therapies.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100804,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medicine, Surgery, and Public Health","volume":"3 ","pages":"Article 100122"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2949916X24000756/pdfft?md5=0e2f5b158355c544a82dfbf4fb801f41&pid=1-s2.0-S2949916X24000756-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141605703","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Adverse perinatal outcomes and their associated determinants in Sub-Saharan Africa","authors":"Haphsheitu Yahaya ,&nbsp;Queen Esther Adeyemo ,&nbsp;Augustine Kumah","doi":"10.1016/j.glmedi.2024.100124","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.glmedi.2024.100124","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Adverse perinatal outcomes (APOs) constitute a significant concern for public health in most developing countries. APOs significantly affect perinatal and neonatal survival, with the risk of developing complications such as developmental disability and ill health throughout their lives. This review aimed to identify adverse perinatal outcomes and their associated determinants in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). The study conducted an electronic database search from PubMed, Embase, Medline, and African Online Journals to identify relevant literature. Studies were included if they were published in English on adverse perinatal outcomes and their determinants between 1st January 2013 and 31st March 2024. The studies’ quality was assessed by adhering to the guidelines and recommendations for reporting scoping reviews. Two authors independently screened the included studies’ titles, abstracts, and full texts. Out of the 120 studies identified through the database search, 50 met the eligibility criteria and were included in the review. The findings reveal that there were an estimated number of 2.6 million third-trimester stillbirths globally, with 41 % occurring in SSA in 2015. Most studies attributed stillbirth to lack of ANC attendance, delayed or less than four ANC attendance, maternal age, level of education, malaria, HDP, and grand multiparity. Globally, there is an estimated annual delivery of 30 million babies weighing below 2500 g, with half of these deliveries occurring in SSA. Most studies found LBW to be significantly associated with maternal age (especially adolescent pregnancies), maternal nutrition, education, and the number of ANC attendance. According to the WHO, 15 million babies are born preterm annually, with 81 % occurring in South Asia and SSA. Most studies cited maternal age and diseases such as hypertensive disorders in pregnancy (HDP) as significant predictors of preterm birth. Neonatal death was found to be one of the significant burdens faced by SSA; the region has the highest neonatal death rate of 27 per 1000 live births, making it a significant contributor to under-five mortality in the sub-region. Most studies found poor ANC attendance, HDP, and delayed obstetric emergency care significant predictors of neonatal death. The review established that the several APOs in SSA are associated with maternal age, less than four antenatal care follow-ups or non-utilization, maternal education, medical conditions, parity, rural residence, distance travel, and women’s participation in decision-making. This suggests that efforts should be geared towards improving access to healthcare and women’s empowerment.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100804,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medicine, Surgery, and Public Health","volume":"3 ","pages":"Article 100124"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2949916X2400077X/pdfft?md5=9a5146dde27f382151620c32a129a3ca&pid=1-s2.0-S2949916X2400077X-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141540092","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}