Journal of Medicine, Surgery, and Public Health最新文献

{"title":"The importance of an oncology database in planning melanoma prevention programs","authors":"Gabriella Szörényiné Ványi ,&nbsp;Annamária Szigeti ,&nbsp;János G. Pitter ,&nbsp;Zita Battyáni ,&nbsp;Imre Repa","doi":"10.1016/j.glmedi.2025.100177","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.glmedi.2025.100177","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Early detection and early treatment are key to melanoma survival. To organise prevention programs, we need to know the detailed datas of melanoma. Our objective was to assess and understand the epidemiological data of melanoma patients treated at our institution. We investigate whether the available database is suitable for more detailed epidemiological and morphological data analysis; and whether the results can contribute to the design of programs for melanoma prevention and detection. In our study, we retrospectively analyzed data from 636 melanoma patients treated at the Moritz Kaposi General Hospital, based on a unique clinical oncology patient pathway management system (Onkonetwork) database. We analyzed the distribution by sex and age, the subtype of melanoma, localization, tumor thickness, stage, risks, and detection mode. Our results showed that most melanoma cases occurred in women under 40 years and in men aged 60–79 years. There was an increase in the incidence of thin melanomas and a relatively stable incidence of thick melanomas. The study confirmed that the Onkonetwork system serves as a valuable database to support the identification of prevention sites where improvements in early detection, prevention and early treatment of melanoma are needed, tailored to the specific geographical location.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100804,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medicine, Surgery, and Public Health","volume":"5 ","pages":"Article 100177"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143092767","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Smoking among females in Bangladesh: A systematic review and meta-analysis","authors":"Tonmoy Alam Shuvo ,&nbsp;Kabir Hossain ,&nbsp;Sorif Hossain ,&nbsp;Asma-Ul-Hosna ,&nbsp;Dipu Rani Dey","doi":"10.1016/j.glmedi.2025.100180","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.glmedi.2025.100180","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Female smoking in Bangladesh is a growing public health concern, though the overall prevalence remains lower compared to men. Cultural norms and social stigma surrounding women’s smoking habits have traditionally kept the rates relatively low. However, the influence of urbanization, changing lifestyles, and increased access to tobacco products may be contributing to a rise in female smoking rates. A comprehensive search across multiple databases identified 25 studies for the meta-analysis. The I² statistic and Q-tests were used to assess heterogeneity. A random-effects model and subgroup analyses were conducted. Egger's test and funnel plots were utilized to evaluate potential publication bias. Meta-regression analysis was performed. Sensitivity analysis was conducted to assess the robustness of the meta-analysis. All analyses were performed using STATA 17. The results showed that women's pooled smoking prevalence was 5.50 % (95 % CI: 3.19–7.81) based on 25 selected studies (n = 71,824). The pooled prevalence was 4.90 % (95 % CI: 1.18–8.62) from 2001–2008, dropped to 3.11 % (95 % CI: 1.09–5.12) in 2009–2016, and then rose to 6.28 % (95 % CI: 1.67–10.89) in 2017–2024. Among age groups, the prevalence stood at 6.39 % for those aged ≥ 15 and slightly decreased to 5.36 % for those ≥ 18. For students, the pooled prevalence was 7.61 %. Public health interventions should emphasize smoking cessation programs, with a particular focus on implementing prevention strategies targeted at younger women. Community outreach and awareness efforts will further promote smoking reduction across all age groups.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100804,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medicine, Surgery, and Public Health","volume":"5 ","pages":"Article 100180"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143092787","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Can toothbrushing frequency impact the risk of diabetes mellitus?","authors":"Daniel Felipe Fernandes Paiva,&nbsp;Andressa de Oliveira Rocha,&nbsp;Ana Julia Puppin de Campos Toledo,&nbsp;Liana Andrade Veríssimo Araujo,&nbsp;Marcelo de Castro Meneghin","doi":"10.1016/j.glmedi.2025.100178","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.glmedi.2025.100178","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>By 2015, an estimated 570 million people will be affected by diabetes mellitus (DM), positioning it as one of the most prevalent global diseases and reaffirming the urgent need for effective control measures. DM ranks among the leading causes of mortality worldwide, with its impact particularly severe in elderly populations and low- and middle-income countries. It is closely linked to the progression of comorbidities and systemic complications, including vascular, cardiac, renal, neurological, and ophthalmic problems, with a projected global financial burden of $673 billion annually over the coming decades. An underexplored yet significant approach to DM management is its relationship with oral health, which includes conditions such as exacerbated xerostomia, periodontitis, fungal infections, and an increased risk of cancer. The link between oral health and glycemic control is particularly evident in patients with periodontitis, who exhibit elevated inflammatory mediators that complicate diabetes management. Furthermore, inadequate oral hygiene habits worsen periodontal disease and are recognized as risk factors for DM. This association also contributes to increased pain, tooth loss, and diminished quality of life, further accelerating the development of comorbidities such as retinopathy and nephropathy. Promoting proper oral hygiene, particularly toothbrushing, as a preventive measure for periodontitis could play a pivotal role in controlling and preventing DM. Understanding the impact of these simple yet effective measures on the epidemiology of DM is essential. This communication highlights the importance of fostering public health policies and integrating dentists into multidisciplinary healthcare teams to improve systemic health outcomes and reduce long-term healthcare costs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100804,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medicine, Surgery, and Public Health","volume":"5 ","pages":"Article 100178"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143092784","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mortality trends related to postoperative respiratory disorders in the United States, 1999–2020","authors":"Muzamil Akhtar ,&nbsp;Danish Ali Ashraf ,&nbsp;Muhammad Umar Liaqat ,&nbsp;Mohammad Saad Ullah ,&nbsp;Mehmood Akhtar ,&nbsp;Muhammad Salman Nadeem ,&nbsp;Shehar Bano","doi":"10.1016/j.glmedi.2024.100176","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.glmedi.2024.100176","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Despite being a critical area of concern, mortality trends for postoperative respiratory disorders in the United States remain underexplored. This study analyzes nationwide trends and regional disparities in deaths related to these disorders using CDC WONDER mortality data from 1999 to 2020, categorized under ICD-10 code J95. Age-adjusted mortality rates (AAMR) per 100,000 were calculated, and trends were analyzed across demographics, regions, urbanization levels, places of death, and states. Annual percentage change (APC) and average annual percentage change (AAPC) with 95 % confidence intervals (CI) were computed using Joinpoint regression. From 1999–2020, 45,828 deaths related to postoperative respiratory disorders were recorded, with AAMR declining from 1.06 in 1999–0.33 in 2020 (AAPC: −5.55 %; 95 % CI: −5.96 to −4.98). Males had higher AAMR (0.8) than females (0.5). Non-Hispanic (NH) Blacks reported the highest AAMR (0.75), followed by NH Whites (0.63), Hispanics (0.45), and NH Asians (0.37). Nonmetropolitan areas had higher AAMR (0.75) compared to small (0.68) and medium metropolitan areas (0.64). Regionally, the Midwest had the highest AAMR (0.67). State-level disparities were notable, ranging from 0.26 in Massachusetts to 0.98 in New Mexico. Despite a significant decline in mortality, likely driven by advancements in management and technology, persistent disparities highlight the urgent need for targeted interventions to address underlying inequities in healthcare access and outcomes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100804,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medicine, Surgery, and Public Health","volume":"5 ","pages":"Article 100176"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143092764","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pharmacovigilance, cosmetovigilance, hemovigilance, and materiovigilance in healthcare domains","authors":"Sachdev Yadav ,&nbsp;Mansi Sinha ,&nbsp;Kanishka Taradia ,&nbsp;Anuj Kumar Sharma ,&nbsp;Mayank Kulshreshtha","doi":"10.1016/j.glmedi.2024.100175","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.glmedi.2024.100175","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This commentary provides a comprehensive examination of four critical surveillance systems: pharmacovigilance, cosmetovigilance, hemovigilance, and Materiovigilance. It examines the surveillance systems used in each sector to ensure the safety of medicines, cosmetics, medical equipment, and blood products. The research emphasizes the significance of attentive monitoring to guarantee public health and safety, focusing on the distinct problems and regulatory frameworks connected with each vigilance sector. The synthesis of this comparative study helps to a thorough knowledge of the numerous tactics used to preserve health across different product categories. Pharmacovigilance is a crucial component of healthcare that focuses on monitoring and assessing the safety of pharmaceutical products. The evolving context of drug safety surveillance, regulatory frameworks, and the implementation of technology into pharmacovigilance methods are also discussed. Additionally, this commentary discusses the collaborative efforts among healthcare professionals, regulatory agencies, and pharmaceutical industries to ensure the ongoing safety of medications and improve patient outcomes. The other three essential components of healthcare safety- Hemovigilance, Cosmetovigilance, and Materiovigilance. Hemovigilance focuses on monitoring and ensuring the safety of blood and blood product transfusions. Cosmetovigilance involves the surveillance of adverse events related to cosmetic products, emphasizing consumer safety. Materiovigilance addresses the monitoring and management of incidents associated with medical devices, emphasizing their safety and performances. The outcome of this comparative commentary highlights both shared and different issues across various vigilance systems. Underreporting, data integration, and the need for strong regulatory frameworks are typical problems. The analysis offers a comprehensive picture of the vigilant environment by combining information from these four domains, encouraging a multidisciplinary approach to improving consumer product and healthcare safety.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100804,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medicine, Surgery, and Public Health","volume":"5 ","pages":"Article 100175"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143105293","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cytomegalovirus and pneumocystis jirovecii co-infection pneumonia as an initial presentation of HIV infection","authors":"Sharare Noruzi ,&nbsp;Sobhan Mehdipourrabori ,&nbsp;Zeynab Yassin","doi":"10.1016/j.glmedi.2024.100174","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.glmedi.2024.100174","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>It has been reported that patients with an immunocompromised status, particularly HIV-infected individuals, are at risk of opportunistic infections. We present the case of a CMV and PJ co-infection in a 41-year-old man with pneumonia who had never been diagnosed with HIV/AIDS. This report highlights CMV/PJ causing pneumonia as an initial manifestation of HIV infection. It underscores that such pulmonary co-infection should be part of the routine investigation of acute respiratory complications in newly diagnosed HIV-infected persons whose clinical manifestations do not resolve in response to treatment of common respiratory bacterial and viral infections.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100804,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medicine, Surgery, and Public Health","volume":"5 ","pages":"Article 100174"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143092769","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sample size for saturation in qualitative research: Debates, definitions, and strategies","authors":"Sirwan Khalid Ahmed","doi":"10.1016/j.glmedi.2024.100171","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.glmedi.2024.100171","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Data saturation is a cornerstone concept in qualitative research, ensuring that data collection ceases once no new themes, insights, or patterns emerge. This concept is critical for achieving methodological rigor, as saturation enhances the credibility and completeness of research findings. Despite its central role, debates persist regarding the point at which saturation is achieved, especially as it varies across qualitative methodologies such as grounded theory, phenomenology, and ethnography. Contemporary scholars argue for a flexible approach to sample sizes and saturation criteria, balancing comprehensive data gathering with respect for emerging themes and contextual sensitivity. This article explores the theoretical foundations, practical applications, and controversies surrounding data saturation. Additionally, it offers recommendations for researchers on determining sample sizes and 16-ietms checklist for achieving saturation, aiming to improve research quality while addressing the methodological challenges inherent in qualitative research.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100804,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medicine, Surgery, and Public Health","volume":"5 ","pages":"Article 100171"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143092772","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Leveraging artificial intelligence to improve health insurance access and address disparities in rural Africa","authors":"Olajumoke Adesola Adewole ,&nbsp;Adewunmi Akingbola ,&nbsp;Abiodun Christopher Adegbesan ,&nbsp;Theodora Nkechi Ndu-Esekea,&nbsp;Samiat Bisodun Olalemi","doi":"10.1016/j.glmedi.2024.100172","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.glmedi.2024.100172","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Urban-rural inequalities in access to healthcare services remain a significant obstacle to development in Africa. Rural communities are more affected by the poor state of the African healthcare system, They lack essential healthcare facilities, have a shortage of healthcare workforce, inadequate transportation facilities that keep them isolated, and high out-of-pocket healthcare costs which put them at risk of the catastrophic effect of healthcare expenditure. Several health insurance schemes have been designed in an attempt to meet the SDG 3.8 goal of universal health coverage and access to quality, safe, effective, and affordable health care in rural communities. However, despite these efforts, there are still significant challenges with access and utilization of these insurance schemes. Artificial intelligence (AI) has been integrated into different areas of healthcare including medical imaging and diagnosis, surgery, and so on, and has improved health outcomes significantly. If adequately leveraged, AI can be useful in risk assessment and in automating claim process, thereby improving accessibility and utilization of health insurance in rural communities. It can also be used in protecting resources for rural healthcare by detecting fraud, thereby increasing the trust of the community in the insurer. Integration of AI into healthcare services can be very useful in improve health insurance access and reducing health disparities in rural communities thus aiding in the fulfilment of universal health coverage.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100804,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medicine, Surgery, and Public Health","volume":"5 ","pages":"Article 100172"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143092875","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Artificial intelligence for access to primary healthcare in rural settings","authors":"Md Faiazul Haque Lamem,&nbsp;Muaj Ibne Sahid,&nbsp;Anika Ahmed","doi":"10.1016/j.glmedi.2024.100173","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.glmedi.2024.100173","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Artificial Intelligence (AI) may enhance access to primary health care in rural settings, especially in areas with an underserved and rural populace, due to systemic challenges in infrastructure inadequacies, shortages of trained professionals, and poor preventive measures. This paper discusses the transformative roles of AI technologies in the efforts toward bridging these gaps by improving healthcare delivery and access. With the rise of machine learning (ML) and natural language processing (NLP), AI applications may enhance diagnostic accuracy, speed up and facilitate patient interfaces, and perform resource management more optimally. This list of benefits seems promising, but the realization of AI in healthcare faces quite a few challenges: it requires ethical considerations, assurance of data safety, and sound legal frameworks. While AI, Internet of Things (IoT), and mobile health (mHealth) technologies create innovative solutions in remote monitoring and consultation, these technologies help promote prevention. Realizing the full potential of AI in rural health is thus a challenge in both infrastructural and socio-economic spheres, requiring active collaboration. This present study indicates that it is high time there was an urgent need for high-quality research with real-world evaluation regarding the effectiveness of AI in bringing improvement in health outcomes among people in rural settings.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100804,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medicine, Surgery, and Public Health","volume":"5 ","pages":"Article 100173"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143092874","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Suicide attempts in Bangladesh: Prevalence, trends, and disparities","authors":"Tonmoy Alam Shuvo ,&nbsp;Kabir Hossain ,&nbsp;Asma-Ul-Hosna ,&nbsp;Dipu Rani Dey","doi":"10.1016/j.glmedi.2024.100170","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.glmedi.2024.100170","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Suicide attempts are a major public health issue, influenced by a range of factors. Assessing the prevalence of suicide attempts in Bangladesh is crucial for understanding the country's mental health landscape. We searched multiple databases and included 11 articles in the meta-analysis. We used a random-effects model to pool prevalence data. We assessed between-study heterogeneity through the Q-test and I² statistics and conducted subgroup analyses. To evaluate potential publication bias, we utilized a funnel plot and Egger's test. Additionally, meta-regression was performed to identify sources of heterogeneity, while sensitivity analysis was conducted to assess the robustness of the findings. Study quality was assessed using the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) tools. The pooled prevalence of suicide attempts in Bangladesh was 4.25 % (95 % CI: 2.28–6.22). The prevalence among males was 3.36 %, while females had a higher prevalence of 4.17 %. The pooled odds ratio for the risk of suicide attempts among females was 1.16 (95 % CI: 0.41–1.91), implying that females were at higher risk than males. We found that the pooled prevalence of suicide attempts among individuals aged 18 and above was 3.42 %. The analysis also uncovered a concerning upward trend in suicide attempts over recent years. The prevalence stood at 3.88 % from 2010 to 2016 and increased to 4.29 % between 2017 and 2023. The pooled prevalence of suicide attempts in Bangladesh revealed significant gender disparities, and a concerning upward trend in recent years, underscoring an urgent need for attention.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100804,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medicine, Surgery, and Public Health","volume":"5 ","pages":"Article 100170"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143092876","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}