Journal of Equine Rehabilitation最新文献

{"title":"Spatiotemporal gait parameters associated with speed of the intermediate gaits of Spanish Colonial Horse breeds: A preliminary study","authors":"S. Ellsworth ,&nbsp;M.C. Nicodemus ,&nbsp;C.O. Lemley ,&nbsp;K. Harvey ,&nbsp;E. North ,&nbsp;J. Beranger ,&nbsp;J. Culwell","doi":"10.1016/j.eqre.2025.100033","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eqre.2025.100033","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The Spanish Colonial Horse is descended from gaited stock brought to America during its colonization. A unique phenotypic trait is their ability to perform an intermediate four-beat stepping gait, but research concerning the gait is lacking. Therefore, the objectives of this preliminary study were to identify phenotype of the intermediate gaits of Spanish Colonial Horse breeds through measurement of spatiotemporal gait parameters and determine the influence of speed on these parameters. Frame-by-frame analysis was performed on videos provided by the respective breed associations in collaboration with the Livestock Conservancy of the Choctaw, Florida Cracker, Galiceno, Marsh Tacky, Santa Cruz, Shackleford Banker, and Wilbur-Cruce Mission horses performing a slow and fast intermediate gait. The Choctaw and Florida Cracker horses performed stepping gaits for both gait types with lateral bipedal support and forelimb stance duration being correlated with speed. Lateral couplets were observed at the slow gait for both breeds. The Galiceno, Marsh Tacky, Santa Cruz, and Shackleford Banker horses performed a stepping gait only at the slow gait and this was done with diagonal couplets. Quadrupedal support was only documented at the slow gait for the Galiceno, Marsh Tacky, and Santa Cruz horses. The Wilbur-Cruce Mission horse performed a diagonal leaping gait at both gaits. All breeds at both gaits, except for the Choctaw and Florida Cracker horses, spent the majority of the stride in diagonal bipedal support. The characterization of these parameters can be used to make decisions through preservative breeding regarding the genetic conservation of each of these breeds.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100781,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Equine Rehabilitation","volume":"3 ","pages":"Article 100033"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144482401","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Brief report: Impact of a horseback riding lesson on youth well-being during the COVID-19 pandemic","authors":"Alisa McArthur,&nbsp;Angélica Boucher,&nbsp;Corinne Syrnyk","doi":"10.1016/j.eqre.2024.100009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eqre.2024.100009","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>During the COVID-19 pandemic, children and adolescents were at a high risk of experiencing anxiety and stress which undoubtedly had a negative impact on their psychological well-being. While research has shown that canine interactions during this time were beneficial for young people’s well-being, the impact of horse-human activities has not been examined outside of at-risk youth and populations with psychological and/or physical conditions. This pilot study examined whether a recreational horseback riding lesson held during the height of the pandemic improved the well-being of non-at-risk, neurotypical youth. Using the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule for Children (Ebesutani et al., 2012 [36]), the mood and stress of beginner/novice riders (<em>n</em> = 16) at a local stable were evaluated before and after the lesson. The Human-Animal Interaction Scale (Fournier et al., 2016 [38]) was also used to assess the quality of the horse-rider interaction to examine its potential impact on the efficacy of riding in improving psychological well-being. Results found a significant increase in positive affect and decrease in negative affect after the lesson compared to before. However, these effects appear to be driven by the group of riders that had a higher quality interaction with their horse. Overall, this study provides initial support for the efficacy of horseback riding for improving well-being in neurotypical, non-at-risk children, and demonstrates that the quality of the interaction between the horse and rider likely plays an important role.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100781,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Equine Rehabilitation","volume":"2 ","pages":"Article 100009"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2949905424000045/pdfft?md5=b4a83f353a49df0b6653715027d55422&pid=1-s2.0-S2949905424000045-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140536062","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A cross-sectional survey to describe practices associated with retraining and rehoming of former racehorses in Great Britain","authors":"Jo Hockenhull,&nbsp;Jacqueline M. Cardwell,&nbsp;Kristien Verheyen","doi":"10.1016/j.eqre.2024.100008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eqre.2024.100008","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The fate of Thoroughbred racehorses leaving the horseracing industry is one of the primary public concerns about the sport. A Thoroughbred’s racing career typically represents only a small fraction of their potential lifespan. Rehabilitating and retraining former racehorses for post-racing careers in the non-racing equestrian sector is a key strategic focus of many racing jurisdictions globally. In Great Britain, the racehorse aftercare sector is highly fragmented and currently unregulated. This study aimed to improve understanding of the aftercare sector for former racehorses in Great Britain. An online cross-sectional survey of individuals and organisations located in Great Britain and involved in retraining, rehoming and/or selling former racehorses was conducted (n=57). Respondents had spent a median of 10 (IQR 5–20) years retraining, rehoming/selling former racehorses. Responses highlighted the considerable variation in practices within this sector, particularly in how respondents described themselves and their work with former racehorses. An individual horse’s circumstances and their specific requirements informed decisions taken around rehabilitation, retraining and rehoming/selling; 61% of respondents had had former racehorses that they were unable to rehome/sell. Most respondents in this study worked with small numbers of former racehorses on the side of their main focus of employment, typically taking a tailored approach to suit each individual horse they worked with. While the lack of standardisation has reportedly been a concern of the racing industry, it is possible that such a tailored approach is advantageous for the individual horses involved, providing them the best opportunity to succeed in a career outside of racing.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100781,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Equine Rehabilitation","volume":"2 ","pages":"Article 100008"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2949905424000033/pdfft?md5=70d390382da99587e449e14a35c929c5&pid=1-s2.0-S2949905424000033-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140341772","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Equine back pain is a diagnostic challenge: A physiotherapist’s perspective","authors":"Lynne M. Harrison ,&nbsp;Albert Sole Guitart,&nbsp;Benjamin Ahern,&nbsp;Lesley M. Goff","doi":"10.1016/j.eqre.2024.100017","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eqre.2024.100017","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Back pain syndromes often present with non-specific signs and may involve multiple different structures as their pain-generator, making a pathoanatomical diagnosis challenging. Diagnosis of back pain requires a multidimensional approach, involving both functional and interventional assessments. Whilst the equine practitioner has a substantial number of assessment tools available, many are not utilized due to time constraints, lack of awareness, and financial implications. The purpose of this review is to summarise the literature on functional and interventional assessment for equine back pain and highlight the challenges faced by clinicians.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100781,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Equine Rehabilitation","volume":"2 ","pages":"Article 100017"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142587263","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Short term use of balance pads on postural sway and musculus multifidus cross sectional area in horses","authors":"Jessica Cathcart,&nbsp;Katherine L. Ellis,&nbsp;Valerie J. Moorman","doi":"10.1016/j.eqre.2024.100006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eqre.2024.100006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Horses with musculoskeletal injuries have poor postural stability with larger center of mass (COM) movements and asymmetry/atrophy of the musculus (m.) multifidus. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of balance pad use in horses on both COM motions and m. multifidus cross sectional area (CSA). We hypothesized that use of balance pads would decrease COM motions and increase m. multifidus CSA and symmetry. Six healthy adult horses stood on balance pads for 5 min twice daily, 5 days per week for 4 weeks. At baseline and study completion, COM motion was determined using a portable media device, with horse standing on and off balance pads. Ultrasound of m. multifidus was performed bilaterally at select thoracic (T) and lumbar (L) vertebra: T12, T14, T16, T18, L2, and L5. Data were analyzed using mixed-model ANOVA. At baseline, there was significantly more medial-lateral and cranio-caudal motion when horses stood on pads compared to square stance (P &lt; 0.006). When standing on pads, there was a significant decrease in motion at 4 weeks compared to baseline (P &lt; 0.0004). There was a significant increase in m. multifidus CSA at T14 at 4 weeks compared to baseline (P = 0.021). When comparing baseline and 4 weeks CSA, there was no significant difference in m. multifidus asymmetry. These results suggest that implementation of balance pads for 4 weeks can improve postural stability in horses and increase CSA at T14. Longer duration of use may be needed for additional changes to paraspinal musculature.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100781,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Equine Rehabilitation","volume":"2 ","pages":"Article 100006"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S294990542400001X/pdfft?md5=d429b99d7a99b4f3471e54771ce71b6b&pid=1-s2.0-S294990542400001X-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139455955","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multimodal approach to rehabilitating a traumatic brachial plexus lesion in a Thoroughbred yearling","authors":"Sybille Molle ,&nbsp;Maria Chiara Pressanto ,&nbsp;Francesca Beccati","doi":"10.1016/j.eqre.2024.100014","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eqre.2024.100014","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Forelimb peripheral neuropathy is uncommon and is usually caused by traumatic injury to the brachial plexus or nerves arising from it. Common clinical signs include instability of the shoulder, dropped elbow, inability to fully bear weight and difficulty in protraction. A 16-month-old Thoroughbred colt was found non-weight bearing in the field. The horse was referred to the Veterinary Teaching Hospital of the University of Perugia, Italy, after two days of treatment with anti-inflammatory drugs and stable rest without improvement. At admission, the horse was unable to bear weight on the limb. Diagnostic imaging was unremarkable and a diagnosis of brachial plexus injury with major involvement of suprascapular and radial nerves was made. The horse was treated with a combination of drugs, electrical modalities, physical therapy sessions and holistic techniques. Pharmacological treatment included gabapentin, dexamethasone, phenylbutazone and mesotherapy of the shoulder and neck area. Physical treatments, electrical modalities and holistic therapies included neuromuscular electrical stimulation, acupuncture, kinesiology taping, eccentric loading and dynamic mobilization exercises. The horse was discharged from the hospital after 26 days, having fully regained the ability to bear weight on the limb and the ability to walk normally, although a degree of shoulder instability was still present. Follow-up of the case showed that the horse made a full athletic recovery and raced successfully a year after discharge. This multimodal approach to severe peripheral neuropathy responsible for severe lameness resulted in a fast and efficient option for initial recovery while reducing the risk of complications such as contralateral limb laminitis.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100781,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Equine Rehabilitation","volume":"2 ","pages":"Article 100014"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2949905424000094/pdfft?md5=86968628a655e7fa78a82809e793a316&pid=1-s2.0-S2949905424000094-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142087882","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Movement symmetry and back range of motion in reining quarter horses","authors":"K. Landsbergen ,&nbsp;BL Davis ,&nbsp;K. Garcia ,&nbsp;O. Kenny ,&nbsp;N. Kernot ,&nbsp;WM Scott ,&nbsp;H. Sparks ,&nbsp;Y. Takahashi ,&nbsp;K. Toth ,&nbsp;T. Pfau","doi":"10.1016/j.eqre.2024.100011","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eqre.2024.100011","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Back disorders and clinical lameness are often interrelated in equine athletes. To better diagnose and treat these conditions, it may be useful to investigate the relationship between thoraco-lumbo-sacral movement and movement symmetry, and to establish baseline values for thoraco-lumbo-sacral range of motion (ROM) in specific groups of horses. Using a nine-sensor inertial measurement unit system (EquiGait), we quantified differential rotational and translational thoraco-lumbo-sacral ROM and head and pelvic movement symmetry in twenty competitive reining Quarter Horses (AAEP lameness grade <u>&lt;</u> 2/5) in walk and trot in-hand and during lunge exercise on hard and soft ground. General linear regression models were used to investigate the relationship between movement asymmetry parameters and thoraco-lumbo-sacral ROM. Along with establishing baseline thoraco-lumbo-sacral range of motion data for reining Quarter Horses, this study found that even subtle forelimb and hindlimb asymmetries have a significant effect on thoraco-lumbo-sacral range of motion. Increased movement asymmetry was associated with a decrease in thoraco-lumbo-sacral ROM, particularly for rotational movements. Specifically, forelimb asymmetry was linked to a decrease in flexion-extension and axial rotation in the sacral region and a decrease in flexion-extension in the cranial thoracic region. Hindlimb asymmetry was linked to a decrease in lateral bending in the lumbo-sacral region. Both forelimb and hindlimb asymmetry were consistently associated with increased lumbo-sacral dorsoventral ROM. Further studies should compare the baseline values for ‘normal’ horses established in this study with horses showing clinical evidence of ‘back pain’ and investigate different breeds and equestrian disciplines.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100781,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Equine Rehabilitation","volume":"2 ","pages":"Article 100011"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2949905424000069/pdfft?md5=d3c6d825e4d1100c6bbc5faad07c7759&pid=1-s2.0-S2949905424000069-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141398177","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Practitioner safety and the application of learning theory related to injury risk in equine physiotherapy: A worldwide survey","authors":"Kirsten J. Ruffoni ,&nbsp;Bryony E. Lancaster ,&nbsp;Gillian Tabor","doi":"10.1016/j.eqre.2023.100005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eqre.2023.100005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In the equine physiotherapy profession, similarly to the equine veterinary profession, there may be a high risk of occupational injury and preventive strategies, such as the application of learning theory (LT), may mitigate workplace injury frequency. The purpose of this study was to identify the frequency of occupational injury among equine physiotherapists and investigate the relationship between injury rate and knowledge of LT. An online survey was distributed, receiving 64 valid responses: of these, 51 were qualified veterinary physiotherapists working with equines and their data were taken forward for analysis. The mean injury frequency was 0.59 ± 1 per year, with 36 respondents reporting at least one injury during their career. There was a moderate negative correlation (r = –0.34, 95 %CI[–0.56,–0.07], <em>p</em> &lt; 0.05) between career length (in years) and injury frequency. The most common site of injury for practitioners was the lower limb (n = 22) and the most common type of injury was bruising (n = 32). Of the respondents who claimed the work activity they were performing significantly contributed to their most severe injury, six were carrying out equine hindlimb treatment at the time of injury. Knowledge of LT was poor: only 21 of respondents scored 3/9 or higher when tested on scenario-based application of LT and 24 achieved a grade of 6/10 or higher on theoretical knowledge, with one respondent achieving 0/10. There was a moderate positive correlation (<em>r</em> = 0.37, 95 %CI[0.10,0.58], <em>p</em> &lt; 0.01) between veterinary physiotherapists’ theoretical knowledge scores and their self-evaluation of LT terminology scores. There was no significant correlation between scenario-based and theoretical LT scores and injury frequency. However, there was a weak negative correlation (<em>r</em> = –0.31, 95 %CI[–0.54,–0.04], <em>p</em> &lt; 0.05) between self-evaluation of LT terminology scores and injury frequency. Due to the small number of responses, results from the present study are not representative of the target population. However, results nonetheless highlight a trend of high injury rates and low levels of understanding of equine learning. This is comparable to other equine-related professions, indicating the urgent need of research into better prevention and safety-enhancing strategies, which could reduce the rates of occupational injury and safeguard the welfare of both practitioners and equines.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100781,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Equine Rehabilitation","volume":"2 ","pages":"Article 100005"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2949905423000051/pdfft?md5=2b3feded27b503b0283ac92916dd3c27&pid=1-s2.0-S2949905423000051-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139419037","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Outcome measures and their importance for effective equine back pain rehabilitation","authors":"Gillian Tabor","doi":"10.1016/j.eqre.2024.100016","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eqre.2024.100016","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Effective rehabilitation and strategies to prevent equine back pain are required due to the frequency of dysfunction impacting performance and welfare. Reliable and valid measures should be used establish a baseline in pain and dysfunction levels, and used to monitor change during rehabilitation, as well as support future research assessing the efficacy of treatment interventions. Such measures are collectively known as outcome measures and can include specific objective markers of impairments such as reduced range of motion, or pain on palpation. The aim of this narrative review is to discuss the options and tools available to use as outcome measures in relation to the treatment and rehabilitation of back pain in the horse. In this paper, the outcome measures critically discussed relate to conformation and standing posture, muscle dimensions, palpation, range of motion, objective gait analysis, functional analysis, owner reported outcome measures and pain scales. Recommendations are made to assist with selection of a suitable outcome measure. In conclusion, complex laboratory-based analysis systems are available as gold-standard objective systems, although realism for clinical practitioners working in the field limits their use. There is a requirement for new outcome measures that are not subject to observer bias nor time or financially consuming, however it is possible to use those available currently to assist in clinical decision making for the benefit of the horse.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100781,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Equine Rehabilitation","volume":"2 ","pages":"Article 100016"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142434481","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluating the effect of pulsed electromagnetic field (PEMF) therapy on sole depth of the equine hoof: A pilot study","authors":"M.M. Matz ,&nbsp;D.L. Alexander ,&nbsp;J. Moore ,&nbsp;C.E. Fedorka","doi":"10.1016/j.eqre.2024.100010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eqre.2024.100010","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Thin soles and poor palmar angle are common issues among performance horses. Pulse electromagnetic field (PEMF) therapy is frequently used in veterinary medicine for the treatment of bone fractures/bruising, inflammation, and repair, but no studies have been performed to validate this therapy in the equine hoof. Ten adult horses of mixed breed were enrolled in the study and placed into either the PEMF (n=6) or control (n=4) group. The PEMF group received PEMF application (22 Hz) directly to both hooves of the forelimb for 10 minutes on M/W/F, and this treatment protocol persisted for 30 days. Control animals received no intervention. Radiography was performed the day prior to treatment onset in addition to 30 days after treatment onset. Sole depth and palmar angle were evaluated. Statistics were performed utilizing SAS® 9.4, where the effect of treatment was evaluated using a Welch’s T-test. Significance was set to P≤0.05 with trends noted at P≤0.1. A trend towards an increase in sole depth beneath the distal processes of the right foot (P=0.07) was noted in PEMF-treated animals. No improvement was observed in the sole depth of the apex of the proximal phalanx for either hoof (P=0.65) nor palmar angles (P=0.24). These results suggest that PEMF therapy had mild benefit to the sole depth of the equine hoof, with a trend towards an improvement in the distal processes of a single hoof. Further research targeting PEMF therapy is justified, potentially offer the equine industry a non-invasive option to assist the equine struggling with thin soles.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100781,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Equine Rehabilitation","volume":"2 ","pages":"Article 100010"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2949905424000057/pdfft?md5=bf52723b4be0b8239bbddb44355fd128&pid=1-s2.0-S2949905424000057-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141323509","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}