iLIVER最新文献

{"title":"Advances in magnetic resonance imaging for the evaluation of colorectal liver metastases in context of individualized precision medicine","authors":"Yidi Chen ,&nbsp;Yu Zhang ,&nbsp;Yi Wei ,&nbsp;Hanyu Jiang ,&nbsp;Ling Zhang ,&nbsp;Liling Long ,&nbsp;Bin Song ,&nbsp;Tao Peng","doi":"10.1016/j.iliver.2025.100168","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.iliver.2025.100168","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Colorectal liver metastases (CRLM) represent a significant clinical challenge, as they are a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in patients with colorectal cancer (CRC). Early detection, accurate diagnosis, and precise treatment planning are crucial for improving patient outcomes. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has emerged as a cornerstone in evaluating CRLM. This article provides a comprehensive review of recent innovations in MRI for CRLM diagnosis and treatment, with a particular focus on precision surgical models. Additionally, the application of artificial intelligence (AI) and radiomics is explored, highlighting their potential in automating lesion detection, evaluating treatment response, and predicting patient survival. The integration of these advanced imaging techniques and AI-based models holds promise for enhancing clinical decision-making, enabling personalized treatment strategies, and improving patient outcomes in CRLM. As these technologies continue to evolve, they could revolutionize the management of CRLM, offering non-invasive, accurate, and cost-effective solutions for early detection, monitoring, and prognosis prediction in CRC patients.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100657,"journal":{"name":"iLIVER","volume":"4 2","pages":"Article 100168"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144134609","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimizing postoperative chemotherapy for ampullary cancer: A risk-driven approach to precision care","authors":"Di Zhang ,&nbsp;Yuan Zheng ,&nbsp;Mingru Liu ,&nbsp;Jiaoyang Lu","doi":"10.1016/j.iliver.2025.100166","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.iliver.2025.100166","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background and aims</h3><div>This research aimed to develop an innovative predictive model for estimating overall survival (OS) in patients with ampullary carcinoma and to evaluate the clinical benefits of postoperative chemotherapy (POCT) tailored to individual risk profiles.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Data from patients with ampullary carcinoma were retrospectively analyzed. Multivariable analysis identified key prognostic factors, which were incorporated into a predictive nomogram. The impact of POCT on OS was assessed within risk groups stratified by the nomogram.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Data for 3921 patients were included, with 2744 in the training cohort and 1177 in the validation cohort. A nomogram incorporating age, sex, tumor grade, T stage, N stage, and tumor size outperformed the TNM staging system, with areas under the curve for 3-year, 5-year, and 8-year OS of 0.755 vs 0.687, 0.752 vs 0.694, and 0.750 vs 0.694, respectively, in the training cohort and 0.705 vs 0.664, 0.717 vs 0.679, and 0.734 vs 0.703 in the validation cohort. Calibration plots showed excellent agreement between predicted and observed survival outcomes. Decision curve analysis indicated a net benefit across threshold probabilities above that of TNM staging. Risk stratification based on the model indicated that high-risk patients had a significantly increased mortality risk (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.001). Notably, POCT significantly improved OS in high-risk patients (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.001) but not in low-risk patients.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Not all patients benefit from POCT. The proposed nomogram predicts survival effectively and can guide treatment decisions, optimizing outcomes by providing additional chemotherapy for high-risk patients while sparing low-risk patients from unnecessary treatment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100657,"journal":{"name":"iLIVER","volume":"4 2","pages":"Article 100166"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144069223","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy analysis of hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy combined with sintilimab and bevacizumab for initially unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma","authors":"Zhu Chen,&nbsp;Xingyu Chen,&nbsp;Haiyang Hu,&nbsp;Kai Chen,&nbsp;Chengyou Du,&nbsp;Heng Xiao,&nbsp;Xiang Lan","doi":"10.1016/j.iliver.2025.100163","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.iliver.2025.100163","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background and aims</h3><div>Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) presents a significant challenge in tumor management because of its low resection rates. Conversion therapy aims to transform unresectable tumors into resectable ones through local treatments, thereby providing surgical options for some patients with HCC. However, the overall strategies and efficacy of conversion therapy for HCC remain inadequately defined. This study was performed to evaluate the efficacy of hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy (HAIC) combined with sintilimab and bevacizumab in patients with unresectable liver cancer.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We conducted a retrospective analysis of patients with initially unresectable HCC who received HAIC in conjunction with sintilimab and bevacizumab. Preoperative demographic data, tumor markers, tumor size, tumor count, conversion outcomes, and surgery-related clinical data were collected and analyzed before and after treatment.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Twelve patients were included in this study. All patients exhibited satisfactory antitumor effects. Ten patients underwent one or two treatment cycles, while two completed four cycles. The mean alpha-fetoprotein level decreased from 73,471 ± 138,239 to 2374 ± 6325 ng/mL, and the mean tumor size decreased from 11.4 ± 2.2 to 7.6 ± 1.0 cm. Following evaluation, 10 patients were successfully converted, with 6 ultimately undergoing curative liver cancer resection; of these 6 patients, 4 achieved a pathological complete response.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The combination of HAIC with sintilimab and bevacizumab represents a safe and effective strategy for tumor conversion. This approach can achieve significant tumor reduction and favorable effects on portal vein tumor thrombus within a short timeframe, facilitating curative resection of liver cancer.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100657,"journal":{"name":"iLIVER","volume":"4 2","pages":"Article 100163"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143916735","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy and safety of PD-1 inhibitors for advanced intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma with or without MAFLD","authors":"Teng Long ,&nbsp;Zhenyun Yang ,&nbsp;Weijie Wu ,&nbsp;Minshan Chen ,&nbsp;Dandan Hu","doi":"10.1016/j.iliver.2025.100169","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.iliver.2025.100169","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>This study sought to evaluate the efficacy and safety of programmed cell death protein-1 (PD-1) inhibitor immunotherapy specifically in metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD)-associated intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) patients, in comparison to those without MAFLD.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We retrospectively included 161 ICC patients, both with and without MAFLD, who underwent PD-1 inhibitors between March 2019 and August 2024. Subsequent locoregional interventions (e.g., hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy) and second-line systemic agents (e.g., lenvatinib) were allowed. The primary endpoints included overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS), while the secondary endpoints comprised objective response rate (ORR), disease control rate (DCR), and adverse events (AEs).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The MAFLD group included 20 patients, while the Non-MAFLD group comprised 141 patients. The OS was 18.0 months for the MAFLD group and 20.1 months for the Non-MAFLD group, while the median PFS was 8.0 and 11.5 months, respectively. According to the modified RECIST (mRECIST) criteria, the Non-MAFLD group exhibited a greater clinical benefit, reflected in higher ORR and DCR (45.4% vs. 20.0%, <em>p</em> = 0.031; 92.9% vs. 75.0%, <em>p</em> = 0.024). Multivariate Cox proportional hazard analysis identified carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), tumor number, and C-reactive protein (CRP) as independent prognostic factors for OS, whereas CEA and tumor number were significant predictors of PFS. Additionally, the overall incidence of AEs was notably lower in the Non-MAFLD group compared to the MAFLD group.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>This study demonstrated that PD-1 inhibitors resulted in similarly prolonged OS and PFS between ICC patients with and without MAFLD, but a superior tumor response was observed in patients without MAFLD. Additionally, the Non-MAFLD group experienced a significantly lower incidence of AEs than the MAFLD group undergoing PD-1 inhibitors.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100657,"journal":{"name":"iLIVER","volume":"4 2","pages":"Article 100169"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144205447","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Detection of metabolic signatures implicated in the progression from hepatitis to cirrhosis to hepatocellular carcinoma","authors":"Simiao Yu ,&nbsp;Sici Wang ,&nbsp;Jiahui Li ,&nbsp;Haocheng Zheng ,&nbsp;Ping Li ,&nbsp;Wenya Rong ,&nbsp;Jing Jing ,&nbsp;Tingting He ,&nbsp;Yongqiang Sun ,&nbsp;Liping Wang ,&nbsp;Zhenyu Zhu ,&nbsp;Xia Ding ,&nbsp;Ruilin Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.iliver.2024.100142","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.iliver.2024.100142","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background and aims</h3><div>Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the third leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. The mechanisms driving the transition from hepatitis to cirrhosis, and eventually, to HCC are unclear. This study aimed to clarify the metabolic changes that underly the progression of HCC and identify potential prognostic and therapeutic biomarkers.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This prospective study collected serum samples from patients with chronic hepatitis, cirrhosis, or HCC, hospitalized at the Fifth Medical Center of the PLA General Hospital, from December 2022 to December 2023. The samples were analyzed using non-targeted, ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry. Partial least squares-discriminant analysis modeling and <em>t</em>-tests were used to identify key differentially expressed metabolites associated with the progression from hepatitis to cirrhosis to HCC. Pathway enrichment analysis was conducted to determine the key metabolic pathways involved, while machine learning models were applied to identify the metabolite signatures.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>We identified 153 differentially expressed metabolites in the progression from hepatitis to cirrhosis to HCC, many of which were involved in ammonia cycling or the metabolism of methylhistidine, alanine, arginine, proline, or betaine. We also identified L-histidine and adenosine as the metabolites that demonstrated significant sensitivity and specificity for distinguishing among the hepatitis, cirrhosis, and HCC stages.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Our study comprehensively characterized the metabolic profiles of the different stages of the hepatitis-cirrhosis-HCC transition. We showed that serum metabolite detection is a viable diagnostic tool for identifying and monitoring high-risk individuals, which could potentially be used to halt the development of HCC.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100657,"journal":{"name":"iLIVER","volume":"4 1","pages":"Article 100142"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143129055","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Emerging role of natural bioactive compounds in navigating the future of liver disease","authors":"Neha Chaudhary ,&nbsp;Muhammad Arif ,&nbsp;Sheeba Shafi ,&nbsp;Shom Prakash Kushwaha ,&nbsp;Pushpendra Soni","doi":"10.1016/j.iliver.2024.100140","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.iliver.2024.100140","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Liver diseases, including liver inflammation, fatty liver disease, cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma, represent significant global health challenges. Traditional treatments often emphasize symptom management, leading to increased interest in natural bioactive compounds for their potential therapeutic benefits. This review examines the role of natural bioactive compounds in managing hepatic disorders, with a particular focus on their mechanisms of action and supporting clinical evidence. Compounds such as curcumin, silymarin, resveratrol, triterpenoids, apigenin, and delphinidin derivatives have demonstrated promising hepatoprotective effects in preclinical studies, largely due to their anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anti-fibrotic properties. Nevertheless, further research is necessary to determine optimal dosing, safety profiles, and long-term effects. Understanding the mechanisms of action and therapeutic potential of these bioactive compounds may provide critical insights into their role in the treatment of hepatic diseases.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100657,"journal":{"name":"iLIVER","volume":"4 1","pages":"Article 100140"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143129056","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Treatment for unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma patients: Options and management after complete response","authors":"Jin-Ming Wang ,&nbsp;Guo-Gao Qiu ,&nbsp;Zhi-Dong Liu ,&nbsp;Jia-Yong Su ,&nbsp;Da-Long Yang ,&nbsp;Zhu-Jian Deng ,&nbsp;Zhi-Cheng Li ,&nbsp;Jian-Hong Zhong","doi":"10.1016/j.iliver.2025.100145","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.iliver.2025.100145","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":100657,"journal":{"name":"iLIVER","volume":"4 1","pages":"Article 100145"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143480325","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Itaconate facilitates methane-induced Nrf2 pathway activation for mitigating liver ischemia and reperfusion injury","authors":"Tianyi Zhang ,&nbsp;Danfeng Fan ,&nbsp;Kewei Qin ,&nbsp;Hongtao Lu ,&nbsp;Linwei Zhao ,&nbsp;Kexin Liu ,&nbsp;Pei Zhang ,&nbsp;Qiang Sun ,&nbsp;Zhouheng Ye","doi":"10.1016/j.iliver.2025.100144","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.iliver.2025.100144","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3><em>Background and aims</em></h3><div>Methane has shown protective effects against ischemia and reperfusion injury (IRI) in the liver, but the mechanism underlying these beneficial effects is unclear. To investigate the hypothesis that itaconate facilitates in methane-induced Nrf2 pathway activation to mitigate liver IRI.</div></div><div><h3><em>Methods</em></h3><div>An oxygen and glucose derivation (OGD) model using RAW 264.7 cells and a liver IRI model in mice were established. Methane's beneficial effects were assessed through hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining, Suzuki's score, serum alanine transferase level, superoxide dismutase (SOD) level, malondialdehyde (MDA) level, and cell viability. The relative expression levels of Nrf2, its downstream molecules and some inflammatory factors were detected via western blotting. Itaconate levels were analyzed using liquid chromatography. RAW 264.7 cells were transfected with short hairpin RNA targeting mouse aconitate decarboxylase 1 (Acod1) mRNA for itaconate downregulation.</div></div><div><h3><em>Results</em></h3><div>Methane significantly alleviated liver IRI, as shown by the significant reduction in Suzuki's scores and alanine transferase (ALT) levels in vivo. Methane treatment significantly increased MTT and SOD levels and decreased MDA levels in the OGD injury model in vitro. Methane also increased the total and nuclear Nrf2 expression levels, activated downstream molecules including heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), NQO1 and affected the production of inflammatory cytokines such as IL-10, IL-1β, and IL-12. Itaconate levels were significantly elevated after methane treatment compared with the OGD injury group. The protective effects of methane were abolished after itaconate downregulation through <em>Acod1</em> knockdown.</div></div><div><h3><em>Conclusions</em></h3><div>Methane alleviates liver IRI through itaconate/Nrf2 pathway activation, with itaconate being critical for methane's beneficial effects.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100657,"journal":{"name":"iLIVER","volume":"4 1","pages":"Article 100144"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143487914","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring emerging frontiers in hepatology: iLIVER's continuing journey","authors":"Ming-Da Wang ,&nbsp;Xin-Fei Xu ,&nbsp;Lei Cai,&nbsp;Tian Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.iliver.2025.100148","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.iliver.2025.100148","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":100657,"journal":{"name":"iLIVER","volume":"4 1","pages":"Article 100148"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143591611","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Duodenal varices and evaluation of endoscopic cyanoacrylate injection for treatment of duodenal variceal bleeding","authors":"Jin-dong Chu ,&nbsp;Qian Bi ,&nbsp;Yan-ling Wang,&nbsp;Xue-mei Ma,&nbsp;Bo Liu,&nbsp;Liang Wu,&nbsp;Shuai Wang,&nbsp;Li-jun Shen,&nbsp;Xiao-bao Qi,&nbsp;Zheng Lu","doi":"10.1016/j.iliver.2025.100143","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.iliver.2025.100143","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background and aims</h3><div>Duodenal varices (DVs) are a rare complication of portal hypertension. This study analyzed the clinical characteristics of DVs and examined the efficacy of endoscopic cyanoacrylate injection for duodenal variceal bleeding.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>The clinical data of patients with DVs treated in our hospital from March 2013 to May 2024 were retrospectively analyzed.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>During the study period, 80,850 patients underwent gastroscopy for a total of 122,040 endoscopy sessions. DVs were diagnosed in 52 patients. Eight patients with DVs exhibited duodenal variceal bleeding (15.4%). The overall prevalence of DVs was 0.08%.The prevalence of DVs among patients with upper gastrointestinal varices was 0.16%. The most common etiology of DVs was liver cirrhosis (92.3%). DVs location was the descending segment of the duodenum in 34 patients (65.4%). Forty-four patients (84.6%) had concomitant esophageal and gastric varices. Successful hemostasis was achieved at the time of endoscopy in all patients undergoing emergency endoscopic treatment using cyanoacrylate injection. The 6-week mortality rate was 12.5%. The rebleeding rate was 12.5%.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>DVs are uncommon, even in hospitals where liver disease is prevalent. Emergency endoscopic cyanoacrylate embolization appears to be highly effective. Complete vein embolization may be considered for patients in poor condition. Age &gt;65 years and low hemoglobin concentration are predictors of duodenal variceal bleeding.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100657,"journal":{"name":"iLIVER","volume":"4 1","pages":"Article 100143"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143348745","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}