iLABMED Pub Date : 2023-05-15 DOI: 10.1002/ila2.7

Chenguang Xi, Dengfeng Cao

引用次数: 0

Research progress of CRISPR/Cas systems in nucleic acid detection of infectious diseases CRISPR/Cas系统在传染病核酸检测中的研究进展

iLABMED Pub Date : 2023-05-13 DOI: 10.1002/ila2.6

Jinying Dong, Yuguang Du, Lei Zhou

{"title":"Research progress of CRISPR/Cas systems in nucleic acid detection of infectious diseases","authors":"Jinying Dong, Yuguang Du, Lei Zhou","doi":"10.1002/ila2.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ila2.6","url":null,"abstract":"Infectious diseases are a serious threat to human health, and accurate, rapid and convenient early detection of pathogens is the first step of active treatment. Technologies that detect pathogens have advanced significantly because of the development of fundamental disciplines and the integration of multidisciplinary fields. Among these technologies, nucleic acid detection technology is preferred because of its rapid measurement, accuracy and high sensitivity. The CRISPR/Cas system, consisting of Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats (CRISPR) and CRISPR-associated (Cas), is an adaptive immune system that specifically recognizes, binds and cleaves exogenous invasive nucleic acids. The CRISPR/Cas system is widely found in bacteria and archaea. Researchers have developed nucleic acid detection technologies with single-molecule sensitivity, single-base precision specificity, portability and low cost based on the specific cleavage and trans-cleavage activities of the CRISPR/Cas system. The next generation of in-vitro diagnostics is shifting to nucleic acid technology because this technology shows promise in a wide range of applications in resource-constrained environments. In this review, the development and mechanism of the CRISPR/Cas system are presented together with representative CRISPR/Cas applications in nucleic acid detection. Additionally, the review summarizes future perspectives and trends of the CRISPR/Cas system in nucleic acid detection.","PeriodicalId":100656,"journal":{"name":"iLABMED","volume":"1 1","pages":"58-74"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/ila2.6","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50150517","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Bottlenecks and recent advancements in detecting Mycobacterium tuberculosis in patients with HIV HIV患者结核分枝杆菌检测的瓶颈和最新进展

iLABMED Pub Date : 2023-05-10 DOI: 10.1002/ila2.11

Zixun Lin, Liqin Sun, Cheng Wang, Fuxiang Wang, Jun Wang, Qian Li, Hongzhou Lu

{"title":"Bottlenecks and recent advancements in detecting Mycobacterium tuberculosis in patients with HIV","authors":"Zixun Lin, Liqin Sun, Cheng Wang, Fuxiang Wang, Jun Wang, Qian Li, Hongzhou Lu","doi":"10.1002/ila2.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ila2.11","url":null,"abstract":"Tuberculosis (TB) remains a leading cause of deaths among patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome patients. Early diagnosis of TB is essential for administering timely anti-TB therapy and improving health outcomes, particularly in the people living with HIV. However, conventional techniques used to detect Mycobacterium tuberculosis have significant drawbacks: for example, sputum smear microscopy has low sensitivity, and liquid culture is time-consuming in patients with HIV-TB co-infection due to low sputum production. In addition, while immunological-based methods involving tuberculin skin testing and interferon gamma release assays are commonly used for auxiliary TB diagnosis, they are often inaccurate in immunodeficient patients. Molecular techniques such as line probe assays, Xpert MTB, and lipoarabinomannan assay are recommended for early diagnosis by World Health Organization. However, no single technique is sufficicent for diagnosing HIV/TB co-infection, suggesting that multiple diagnostic tests should be used to detect TB. Here, we summarize the drawbacks and advantages of existing TB-diagnostic methods, as well as their applications to diagnosing HIV/TB co-infection. We describe newly emerging technologies such as whole genome sequencing and mass spectrometry, with the aim of providing updated guidelines and alternative strategies for TB diagnosis, and particularly HIV/TB diagnosis.","PeriodicalId":100656,"journal":{"name":"iLABMED","volume":"1 1","pages":"44-57"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/ila2.11","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50127959","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Single cell metabolic phenome and genome via the ramanome technology platform: Precision medicine of infectious diseases at the ultimate precision? 通过ramanome技术平台的单细胞代谢现象和基因组：传染病精准医学的终极精度？

iLABMED Pub Date : 2023-05-09 DOI: 10.1002/ila2.12

Jian Xu, Jianzhong Zhang, Yingchun Xu, Yi-Wei Tang, Bo Ma, Yuzhang Wu

{"title":"Single cell metabolic phenome and genome via the ramanome technology platform: Precision medicine of infectious diseases at the ultimate precision?","authors":"Jian Xu, Jianzhong Zhang, Yingchun Xu, Yi-Wei Tang, Bo Ma, Yuzhang Wu","doi":"10.1002/ila2.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ila2.12","url":null,"abstract":"Due to the limitations of existing approaches, a rapid, sensitive, accurate, comprehensive, and generally applicable strategy to diagnose and treat bacterial and fungal infections remains a major challenge. Here, based on the ramanome technology platform, we propose a culture-free, one cell resolution, phenome-genome-combined strategy called single-cell identification, viability and vitality tests and source tracking (SCIVVS). For each cell directly extracted from a clinical specimen, the fingerprint region of the D2O-probed single cell Raman spectrum (SCRS) enables species-level identification based on a reference SCRS database of pathogen species, whereas the C-D band accurately quantifies viability, metabolic vitality, phenotypic susceptibility to antimicrobials, and their intercellular heterogeneity. Moreover, to source track a cell, Raman-activated cell sorting followed by sequencing or cultivation proceeds, producinging an indexed, high coverage genome assembly or a pure culture from precisely one pathogenic cell. Finally, an integrated SCIVVS workflow that features automated profiling and sorting of metabolic and morphological phenomes can complete the entire process in only a few hours. Because it resolves heterogeneity for both the metabolic phenome and genome, targets functions, can be automated, and is orders-of-magnitude faster while cost-effective, SCIVVS is a new technological and data framework to diagnose and treat bacterial and fungal infections in various clinical and disease control settings.","PeriodicalId":100656,"journal":{"name":"iLABMED","volume":"1 1","pages":"5-14"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/ila2.12","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50126753","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Clinical application of intelligent technologies and integration in medical laboratories 智能技术的临床应用及其在医学实验室的集成

iLABMED Pub Date : 2023-05-09 DOI: 10.1002/ila2.9

Wenjie Huang, Dongquan Huang, Yeran Ding, Cheng Yu, Lei Wang, Ning Lv, Jiuxin Qu, Hongzhou Lu

{"title":"Clinical application of intelligent technologies and integration in medical laboratories","authors":"Wenjie Huang, Dongquan Huang, Yeran Ding, Cheng Yu, Lei Wang, Ning Lv, Jiuxin Qu, Hongzhou Lu","doi":"10.1002/ila2.9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ila2.9","url":null,"abstract":"With the development of scientific technology, the transition to the intelligent era of digitalization and automation is an irresistible trend for medical laboratories. Medical diagnosis systems have undergone significant changes as a result of intelligent technologies, such as machine learning, artificial intelligence, and the Internet of Things, from the collection, transmission, and detection of test samples to the review of reports and the provision of clinical feedback. In addition to significantly enhancing the efficiency, consistency, and accuracy of medical laboratory testing, these technologies also assist the improvement of individualized healthcare and medical expert systems, as well as the early detection and treatment of diseases. The future development of medical laboratories will focus on integrating big data and diverse intelligent resources, cooperating more closely with clinical departments, and realizing the effective pathway of patient-centered care. The purpose of this review is to illustrate the current state of intelligent technology integration in medical laboratories and provide a preliminary discussion about the potential future influences of intelligent technology development on the evolution of medical laboratories.","PeriodicalId":100656,"journal":{"name":"iLABMED","volume":"1 1","pages":"82-91"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/ila2.9","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50126514","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

iLABMED, why now and how in the future? iLABMED，为什么是现在，未来如何？

iLABMED Pub Date : 2023-03-28 DOI: 10.1002/ila2.5

Hongzhou Lu

{"title":"iLABMED, why now and how in the future?","authors":"Hongzhou Lu","doi":"10.1002/ila2.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ila2.5","url":null,"abstract":"Nowadays, public health is facing many challenges, mainly including non-communicable diseases and communicable diseases. Communicable diseases, particularly emerging infectious diseases, have also attracted attention due to their enormous impact on public health and the global economy. The most prominent example is the current global Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. The unprecedented and ongoing COVID-19 pandemic has highlighted the necessity for readily available, accurate, and rapid laboratory medicine (LM) practices. Nevertheless, current LMs and journals in particular have a window for improvement. First, there are limited numbers of professionals available in this field compared to the other disciplines. The current status quo is that most LM manuscripts must be submitted to comprehensive journals or other journals related to the research disease. Second, most LM journals are run by laboratory personnel who are often more concerned with technical advances than with clinical needs. Lastly, several young LM scientists expressed their desire to have a dedicated platform to discuss, communicate, and publish their works on LM. We were therefore motivated to launch iLABMED, an international public forum dedicated to LMs. The establishment of iLABMED adopts the “four I” strategy, namely “Innovation,” “Intelligence,” “Integration,” and “International.” We are attempting to establish a top-tier journal in the field of LM.","PeriodicalId":100656,"journal":{"name":"iLABMED","volume":"1 1","pages":"1-4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/ila2.5","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50155307","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

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