iLABMED最新文献

{"title":"Chikungunya Fever Outbreak in Foshan, China: Lessons in Early Detection, Rapid Reporting, and Timely Response","authors":"Yingli Li, Yi-Wei Tang","doi":"10.1002/ila2.70035","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ila2.70035","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Chikungunya fever is an acute arboviral illness caused by the Chikungunya virus (CHIKV), its infection mainly causes fever, myalgia, and skin rash. The first documented outbreak of Chikungunya fever occurred in the Newala district of Tanzania, East Africa in 1952. As early as October 2010, an outbreak of chikungunya fever had occurred in Guangdong Province [<span>1</span>]. Now, CHIKV is widely spread worldwide from Africa to tropical/subtropical regions worldwide and becomes a global public health problem [<span>2</span>].</p><p>A recent recurring outbreak of Chikungunya fever (CHIKF) in Foshan City, Guangdong Province, China, has drawn significant public health attention. Since the first imported case was detected in Shunde District on July 8, confirmed cases have rapidly spread across multiple districts. As of September 13, 2025, a total of 10,873 CHIKF cases have been reported [<span>3</span>]. Fortunately, all cases have been mild, with no severe outcomes or fatalities.</p><p>The outbreak prompted a swift response. Local surveillance systems quickly identified the index case, gaining crucial time for mitigation. In 53 hospitals, in-house polymerase chain reaction (PCR) testing was rapidly implemented, enabling same-day sample collection, reporting, and public health intervention. This timely action, coordinated with the Center for Disease Control and Prevention, played a key role in containing the spread of the disease. The response in Foshan underscores the importance of early detection and reporting in managing vector-borne diseases.</p><p>CHIKF is primarily transmitted by <i>Aedes</i> mosquitoes, particularly <i>Aedes aegypti</i> and <i>Aedes albopictus</i>. The rapid spread of the virus is closely linked to mosquito density and the speed of case detection [<span>4, 5</span>]. Multiple hospitals in Foshan began routine PCR testing, incorporating viral nucleic acid screening into standard diagnostic protocols. This facilitated rapid case confirmation, enabled effective epidemiological tracing, and supported risk zone mapping.</p><p>The core of the response was an efficient cycle of “detection–reporting–response,” which reflects the operational strength of China's grassroots public health system. The Foshan model offers a scalable and replicable approach for other regions facing similar vector-borne outbreaks.</p><p>Diagnostic method selection should be guided by the stage of infection: (1) < 7 days post-onset: Reverse transcription PCR is preferred due to high viremia. (2) ≥ 7 days: IgM testing is appropriate; confirmation can be done via IgG seroconversion or rising titers. (3) Retrospective diagnosis or seroprevalence assessment: IgG serology is most useful.</p><p>A single test result must be interpreted alongside clinical symptoms (e.g., fever, rash, arthralgia) and epidemiological history (e.g., travel to endemic areas, mosquito exposure). Paired acute and convalescent serum samples (collected 2–4 weeks apart) improve diagnostic ","PeriodicalId":100656,"journal":{"name":"iLABMED","volume":"3 3","pages":"263-265"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/ila2.70035","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145197051","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Metagenomic Next-Generation Sequencing for Diagnosing Challenging Disseminated Tuberculosis: A Case Report","authors":"Zhipeng Zhao,&nbsp;Rui Li,&nbsp;Leping Zhong,&nbsp;Runqing Li","doi":"10.1002/ila2.70031","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ila2.70031","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Disseminated tuberculosis (TB) is a severe form of TB associated with high mortality typically occurring in individuals with impaired host defenses. It results from the lymphohematogenous dissemination of <i>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</i> from the primary infection site. Diagnosis can be particularly challenging when pulmonary symptoms are absent. We present a case of disseminated TB in a 73-year-old woman who presented with nausea, poor appetite, and low-grade fever. Imaging studies revealed multiple lesions in the lungs, sacroiliac joints, and brain. The nonspecific nature of her initial symptoms, which were inconsistent with the extent of disease involvement, posed significant diagnostic challenges. In this case, metagenomic next-generation sequencing played a pivotal role in confirming the diagnosis of disseminated TB.</p>","PeriodicalId":100656,"journal":{"name":"iLABMED","volume":"3 3","pages":"342-347"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/ila2.70031","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145196964","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Establishment of a Machine Learning-Based Prediction Model for Short-Term Adverse Prognosis in Neonatal Bacterial Meningitis","authors":"Ying Chen,&nbsp;Shengpei Wang,&nbsp;Chi Wang,&nbsp;Na Zhang,&nbsp;Ying Li,&nbsp;Hangting Shi,&nbsp;Peicen Zou,&nbsp;Huiguang He,&nbsp;Yajuan Wang","doi":"10.1002/ila2.70030","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ila2.70030","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Neonatal bacterial meningitis (NBM) is an extremely severe disease in the neonatal period. Early identification of high-risk infants is critical for timely intervention, yet prognostic assessment remains challenging due to nonspecific symptoms and variable clinical trajectories. While machine learning (ML) has shown promise in predicting outcomes for other neonatal conditions, its application for short-term adverse prognosis in NBM remains unexplored. This study aims to systematically evaluate ML models to screen for risk factors and identify the optimal predictive model to provide clinicians with a data-driven tool for the stratified management of NBM patients.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Clinical data of 433 term neonates with NBM hospitalized in the Department of Neonatology at the Capital Institute of Pediatrics between January 2013 and December 2023 were analyzed retrospectively. Based on discharge outcomes, patients were stratified into adverse (<i>n</i> = 84) and favorable prognosis (<i>n</i> = 349) groups. From an initial set of 32 clinical variables derived from clinical and laboratory data. Seventeen variables (15 via maximum Relevance Minimum Redundancy algorithm, two clinical-based) were selected. Nine machine learning models were evaluated using area under the curve (AUC), sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Among the nine models, the logistic regression model achieved optimal performance (AUC: 0.908, accuracy: 0.890, sensitivity: 0.541, specificity: 0.974, positive predictive value: 0.845, negative predictive value: 0.898). Key predictors included muscle tone abnormalities, seizures, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) protein &gt; 2000 mg/L, mechanical ventilation, hypotension requiring inotropes, CSF glucose &lt; 2.0 mmol/L, bulging fontanelle, C-reactive protein, hepatomegaly, and positive blood culture.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Machine learning models can be reliable tools for predicting short-term adverse prognoses in patients with NBM. The logistic regression model demonstrated the best predictive performance, which can help clinicians identify high-risk patients.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":100656,"journal":{"name":"iLABMED","volume":"3 3","pages":"292-302"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/ila2.70030","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145196686","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Case Report of Chlamydia Psittaci Pneumonia and Pulmonary Aspergillosis Diagnosed by Nanopore Sequencing","authors":"Chang Song,&nbsp;Chunyan Zhao,&nbsp;Aichun Huang,&nbsp;Chaoyan Xu,&nbsp;Chunmei Zeng,&nbsp;Qingdong Zhu","doi":"10.1002/ila2.70027","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ila2.70027","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This paper reports a case of <i>Chlamydia psittaci</i> pneumonia and pulmonary aspergillosis with concurrent liver injury. The patient was admitted to the hospital with coughing, expectoration, and fever for 5 days. Laboratory tests upon admission revealed abnormalities in liver function. The patient was treated with broad-spectrum antibiotics and liver-protection therapy, but symptoms did not significantly improve. Further nanopore sequencing detected <i>Chlamydia psittaci</i> and <i>Aspergillus flavus</i>. The treatment plan was adjusted to include combined anti-infection and antifungal therapies. After treatment, the patient's symptoms improved significantly; their liver function returned to normal, and their condition improved.</p>","PeriodicalId":100656,"journal":{"name":"iLABMED","volume":"3 3","pages":"258-262"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/ila2.70027","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145197027","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Current Progress in Targeting Human Cytomegalovirus Infection","authors":"Yonggang Pei,&nbsp;Jun Chen","doi":"10.1002/ila2.70026","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ila2.70026","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV), also known as human herpesvirus 5, infects the majority of human populations worldwide and causes a range of diseases, particularly in immunocompromised individuals. HCMV can establish life-long latency in infected hematopoietic cells, maintaining the viral genome as an episome that can reactivate to produce viral progeny upon appropriate stimulation. Understanding the establishment, maintenance, and reactivation of HCMV latency is crucial for developing targeted therapeutic strategies against HCMV infection and HCMV-induced diseases. Here, we discuss the recent advances in the mechanisms by which HCMV maintains its genome in infected cells, the cellular factors or viral antigens that modulate its reactivation, and the development of anti-HCMV therapeutics or vaccines. Overall, these insights may pave the way for the development of novel therapies that specifically and efficiently target HCMV-associated diseases.</p>","PeriodicalId":100656,"journal":{"name":"iLABMED","volume":"3 3","pages":"303-311"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/ila2.70026","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145196488","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Recent Advances in DNA-Based Strategies for the Capture, Detection, and Release of Circulating Tumor Cells","authors":"Lin Zhou,&nbsp;Yongchang Yang,&nbsp;Jie Liu","doi":"10.1002/ila2.70022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ila2.70022","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Circulating tumor cell (CTC) analysis, as a form of liquid biopsy, has become a powerful tool for the early diagnosis of cancer, monitoring disease progression, and evaluating treatment efficacy. In recent decades, significant progress has been made in DNA-based technology for capturing and detecting CTCs. However, effectively releasing captured CTCs remains challenging. This article reviews the latest progress in CTC detection, capture, and release methods based on DNA materials and provides insights into current development trends and future research directions. We give a comprehensive overview of various strategies and discuss their design principles, characteristics, advantages, and limitations and the challenges faced by the CTC research field.</p>","PeriodicalId":100656,"journal":{"name":"iLABMED","volume":"3 3","pages":"332-341"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/ila2.70022","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145196281","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysis of the Clinical Value of Monocyte Human Leukocyte Antigen-DR, Procalcitonin, and C-Reactive Protein in Sepsis","authors":"Jingxiao Dong,&nbsp;Yushan Luo,&nbsp;Xiuying Zhao,&nbsp;Runqing Li,&nbsp;Kai Tong","doi":"10.1002/ila2.70023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ila2.70023","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Background&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Sepsis is a life-threatening condition caused by a dysregulated host response to infection, leading to organ dysfunction. Early diagnosis and accurate prognosis are crucial for improving patient outcomes. Traditional biomarkers such as C-reactive protein (CRP) and procalcitonin (PCT) are widely used but have limitations in sensitivity and specificity. Monocytic human leukocyte antigen-DR (mHLA-DR) has emerged as a promising immunological marker reflecting immune status and severity in sepsis patients. This study aimed to compare the clinical value of mHLA-DR, PCT, and CRP in diagnosing and predicting sepsis outcomes, providing better guidance for clinical management.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Methods&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;A retrospective analysis was conducted on 83 sepsis patients and 86 non-sepsis patients admitted to the ICU of our hospital between August 2018 and July 2023. Sepsis patients with clear prognostic outcomes were divided into a survival (24 cases) and death groups (41 cases). Flow cytometry was used to detect mHLA-DR expression, while serum PCT and CRP levels were measured using an automated biochemical immunoassay analyzer. Differences in these indicators were compared between the sepsis and non-sepsis groups as well as between the survival and death groups. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were employed to analyze the diagnostic and prognostic values of these markers in sepsis.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Results&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;The mHLA-DR, PCT, and CRP levels were significantly higher in the sepsis group compared with the non-sepsis group (&lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.001). The area under the ROC curve (AUC) values for diagnosing sepsis were 0.780 for mHLA-DR, 0.837 for PCT, and 0.839 for CRP, with optimal diagnostic cutoff values of 49.46%, 1.95 ng/mL, and 67.91 mg/L, respectively. The respective sensitivities were 76.7%, 86.7%, and 88.0%, while the respective specificities were 75.9%, 70.9%, and 64.0%. The combined analysis of these three indicators yielded an AUC value of 0.890 with an 86.7% sensitivity and 75.6% specificity. In the sepsis cohort, mHLA-DR expression levels were significantly higher in the survival group compared with the death group (&lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.001), while PCT levels were significantly lower in the survival group (&lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; = 0.045). CRP levels showed no significant difference between the survival and death groups (&lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; = 0.833). The prognostic efficacy of mHLA-DR was significantly superior to that of PCT, with mHLA-DR displaying an AUC value of 0.841, an optimal cutoff value of 30.14%, and an 87.5% sensitivity and 73.2% specificity.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000","PeriodicalId":100656,"journal":{"name":"iLABMED","volume":"3 3","pages":"275-282"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/ila2.70023","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145196335","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Extrachromosomal Circular DNA: Emerging Insights Into Cardiovascular Disease Mechanisms and Biomarker Potential","authors":"Saim Mahmood Khan,&nbsp;Jawairya Muhammad Hussain,&nbsp;Surraiya Riaz Mahmood Khan,&nbsp;Bushra Nadeem,&nbsp;Tahniyat Naseem,&nbsp;Hammad Jawed,&nbsp;Aina Lashari","doi":"10.1002/ila2.70025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ila2.70025","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Extrachromosomal circular DNA (eccDNA) has recently become a focus of cardiovascular disease (CVD) research as it is possibly involved in disease mechanisms and may function as a biomarker. The literature suggests that eccDNAs may modify gene expression patterns and contribute to the pathogenesis of diseases such as pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). Many eccDNAs have been reported to be upregulated in PAH patients with promisingly high diagnostic sensitivity and specificity values. The advent of eccDNA detection from plasma samples using high-throughput sequencing technologies has opened new avenues for non-invasive diagnosis. In this review, we focus on the role of eccDNA in CVDs, concentrating on its prospects for use as a biomarker of disease development and stage. However, further studies should be conducted to explicate the functional aspects of eccDNAs in cardiovascular health and disease. This work may eventually lead to the development of novel treatment options and improved clinical outcomes for CVD patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":100656,"journal":{"name":"iLABMED","volume":"3 3","pages":"246-257"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/ila2.70025","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145197159","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Electrical Impedance Tomography in Medical Applications: Brain and Lung","authors":"Sibo Lian,&nbsp;Bo Sun,&nbsp;Zihan Zhao,&nbsp;Juan Jiao,&nbsp;Fenghuan Wang","doi":"10.1002/ila2.70024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ila2.70024","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Electrical impedance tomography (EIT) is an emerging medical imaging technology that involves injecting excitation current into a patient's skin through electrodes and then reconstructing the internal conductivity distribution from the voltage data collected by the different electrodes. EIT boasts several notable advantages over other imaging methods, including its non-invasive nature that does not utilize ionizing radiation, making it safer for patients. Additionally, it offers high temporal resolution, allowing for real-time monitoring of physiological changes, and its low cost and high portability make it suitable for real-time monitoring in emergency rescue and bedside situations. However, EIT also has some technical limitations that lead to poor spatial resolution. The possibility of designing wearable devices incorporating EIT has recently propelled this technology. In this article, we review the principles, hardware design, and main clinical applications of EIT. Wireless wearable EIT technology extends beyond clinical use, proving equally effective in emergency response scenarios, and is adaptable to various operational environments because of its portable monitoring capabilities.</p>","PeriodicalId":100656,"journal":{"name":"iLABMED","volume":"3 3","pages":"322-331"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/ila2.70024","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145197098","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Pre-Classified PBRTQC Model Can Reduce the False Positive Rate of K+","authors":"Xuemei Wei,&nbsp;Rong Zheng,&nbsp;Xu Zhang,&nbsp;Lin Zhu,&nbsp;Ge Tian,&nbsp;Ting Zhang,&nbsp;Jie Feng,&nbsp;Yanhong Gao","doi":"10.1002/ila2.70013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ila2.70013","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Background&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Patient-based real-time quality control (PBRTQC) has garnered increasing attention, yet false positive alerts are common in practical applications. In patients undergoing dialysis, serum potassium (K&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt;) levels exhibit large fluctuations before and after dialysis, often leading to false positive quality control alerts in routine PBRTQC applications. We aimed to reduce false positive alerts in PBRTQC applications by distinguishing between the test results of dialysis and non-dialysis patients and constructing separate PBRTQC models.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Methods&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;We collected K&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt; test results from 362,077 patients at our center from September 2023 to September 2024. The data were divided into dialysis, physical examination, and non-dialysis groups, with data from September 2023 to February 2024 comprising the training set. We constructed PBRTQC models for dialysis patients (&lt;i&gt;n&lt;/i&gt; = 3217), those undergoing physical examination (&lt;i&gt;n&lt;/i&gt; = 7339), and non-dialysis patients (&lt;i&gt;n&lt;/i&gt; = 153,565) using four statistical methods: moving median, moving average, weighted moving average, and exponentially weighted moving average. We validated the three models using data from the dialysis group (validation set 1) from March to September 2024 and the non-dialysis group (validation set 2) from March to April 2024. By comparing false positive rates, the average number of patient results affected prior to error detection or median number of patient results affected prior to error detection, and the average probability of error detection in the three models, we evaluated whether the pre-classified PBRTQC model can reduce the false positive rate of K&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Results&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Statistical analysis revealed significant differences among the dialysis, physical examination, and non-dialysis groups (&lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.001). Based on the minimum sum of the false positive rate, false negative rate, and average number of patient results affected prior to error detection, the models for the dialysis and non-dialysis groups used the exponentially weighted moving average; the MM method was used in the physical examination group. Validation set 1 showed false positive rates of 69.257% for the physical examination group, 1.143% for the dialysis group, and 35.675% for the non-dialysis group. According to the total allowable error (TEA), the median number of patient results affected prior to error detection in the dialysis group (1/2TEA, positive: 307.30, negative: 795.20) was higher than that in the physical examination group (1/2TEA, positive: 10.57, negative: 4.67) and non-","PeriodicalId":100656,"journal":{"name":"iLABMED","volume":"3 3","pages":"283-291"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/ila2.70013","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145196885","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}