iLABMED最新文献

{"title":"Development and Challenges of Pathogen Molecular Point-Of-Care Testing Systems Based on Microfluidic Technology","authors":"Shanshan Ren,&nbsp;Donglai Liu,&nbsp;Sihong Xu","doi":"10.1002/ila2.70","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ila2.70","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Molecular point-of-care testing (POCT) is characterized by high sensitivity, low reagent demand, fast mixing speed, rapid turnaround time, and ease of use, making it appealing for diagnosing infectious diseases. Currently, most commercial molecular POCT systems are based on microfluidic platforms integrating complex fluid manipulation systems, such as sample processing, separation, reaction, and detection, with functional modules on a chip of just a few square centimeters to achieve rapid target detection. This review summarizes the latest advances in molecular POCT systems based on microfluidic platforms for diagnosing infectious diseases from academic and industrial perspectives. First, we cover microfluidic chips, the core component of molecular POCT systems, including materials, preparation processes, fluid drivers, and control units. Then, we describe key techniques implemented in molecular POCT systems for diagnosing infectious diseases, namely nucleic acid detection and reagent storage. Finally, we discuss clinical applications and development directions and highlight challenges in the quality control of molecular POCT systems.</p>","PeriodicalId":100656,"journal":{"name":"iLABMED","volume":"3 1","pages":"21-28"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/ila2.70","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143741339","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative Evaluation of Extraction Protocols for Point-Of-Need Molecular Diagnostics","authors":"Rea Maja Kobialka,&nbsp;Arianna Ceruti,&nbsp;Uwe Truyen,&nbsp;Ahmed Abd El Wahed","doi":"10.1002/ila2.72","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ila2.72","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In the rapidly evolving field of molecular diagnostics, identifying a suitable extraction method is crucial in determining the applicability of the point-of-need device. Extraction, which serves as the initial and important step in the diagnostic process, plays a vital role in the accuracy, reliability, and speed of detecting pathogens. Extraction methods range from traditional approaches like organic extraction to modern advancements such as magnetic bead-based separation, each offering unique advantages and limitations.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study explored the comparative effectiveness of 10 commercially available protocols (denoted as I–X), focusing on their practicality and efficiency in point-of-need scenarios. By considering criteria such as ease of use, turnaround time, and robustness in handling different sample matrices, we aimed to highlight the critical factors that influence the selection of an appropriate extraction method for immediate and reliable diagnostic outcomes in diverse settings. The effectiveness of each protocol was evaluated by comparing the time threshold and fluorescence signal using isothermal amplification (namely reverse transcription-recombinase-aided amplification). For comparison, samples were also extracted with Qiagen spin column extraction.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The performance of each protocol in extracting feline Coronavirus (FCoV) RNA differed depending on the sample type, such as nasal swab, serum, and feces. Overall, protocol VIII proved to be flexible and reliable for point-of-need diagnostics owing to its consistent extraction efficiency across different sample types and its excellent sensitivity (2 × 10¹ RNA copies/μL from supernatant and nasal swab and 2 × 10² RNA copies/μL from serum).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study emphasizes the significance of considering the specific sample type and diagnostic goal in selecting the right extraction protocol.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":100656,"journal":{"name":"iLABMED","volume":"3 1","pages":"7-13"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/ila2.72","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143741074","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Early prognosis biomarkers of severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome","authors":"Mingrong Ou,&nbsp;Aofan Wang,&nbsp;Jie Yu,&nbsp;Liwei Zhao,&nbsp;Chuang Li,&nbsp;Yuanyuan Wu,&nbsp;Yuxin Chen","doi":"10.1002/ila2.68","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ila2.68","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) is an emerging infectious disease that results from SFTS bunyavirus (SFTSV) infection. Infection with SFTSV can activate the immune system, producing a series of inflammatory factors. Some patients, particularly those with pre-existing conditions or at an advanced age, may experience an excessive inflammatory response, triggering systemic multi-organ failure progressing to severe disease and, potentially, death. In recent years, extensive research has been conducted on the mechanism of SFTSV infection and its interaction with host immune responses. Additionally, a range of biomarkers with significant prognostic value for SFTS have been identified. This review provides a comprehensive summary of the latest advancements in understanding the interplay between SFTSV and host immune responses, and elucidates the role of these biomarkers in the early detection of severe cases and fatal outcomes. The insights presented aim to inform strategies for early intervention, clinical treatment, and prognostic assessment of patients with SFTS.</p>","PeriodicalId":100656,"journal":{"name":"iLABMED","volume":"2 4","pages":"341-351"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/ila2.68","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143248944","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Serum lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2 activity in Chinese patients with systemic lupus erythematosus","authors":"Jie Feng,&nbsp;Kun Wang,&nbsp;Yanhong Gao","doi":"10.1002/ila2.67","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ila2.67","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Few studies have explored the association between lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2 (Lp-PLA2) and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). However, most of these studies have investigated only European patient populations and have come to contradictory conclusions. Furthermore, few studies have been conducted on Chinese patient groups. This study aimed to explore the association between serum Lp-PLA2 activity and SLE in a Chinese patient group.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Serum Lp-PLA2 activity was detected in 154 SLE patients and 55 age-, sex-, and body mass index-matched healthy controls. Information concerning the anthropometric data, clinical manifestations, SLE Disease Activity Index 2000 (SLEDAI-2K), complement C3 (C3), and complement C4 (C4) erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), and autoantibodies were evaluated.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The average level of serum Lp-PLA2 activity was 221 ± 56 U/L in SLE patients compared with 160 ± 37 U/L in healthy controls (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.001). SLE patients that presented with nephritis, anemia, and fibrinolytic abnormality had higher serum Lp-PLA2 activity than SLE patients who did not present with these symptoms (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05), and the levels of serum Lp-PLA2 activity correlated with the severity of the clinical manifestations (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.001). There was no correlation between serum Lp-PLA2 activity and serum autoantibodies levels (<i>p</i> &gt; 0.05). According to Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient, ESR, SLEDAI-2K, C3, and C4 significantly correlated with serum Lp-PLA2 activity (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.001). According to binary logistic regression, Lp-PLA2 activity was independently associated with active SLE in patients (OR 1.049; 95% CI: 1.025–1.073, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Serum Lp-PLA2 activity is associated with some clinical manifestations (nephritis, anemia, and fibrinolytic abnormality) in SLE patients, and its activity may contribute to the development of SLE disease. These findings provide new insight into the pathogenesis of SLE.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":100656,"journal":{"name":"iLABMED","volume":"2 4","pages":"277-285"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/ila2.67","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143248428","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of the Zushima patch combined with celecoxib on pain and inflammatory factor expression in knee osteoarthritis with cold-dampness obstruction","authors":"Yumin Yang,&nbsp;Lijun Sun,&nbsp;Zhao Peng,&nbsp;Xiumin Li,&nbsp;Yan Chen","doi":"10.1002/ila2.66","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ila2.66","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Knee osteoarthritis (KOA) is a chronic degenerative joint disease that frequently occurs in middle-aged and older individuals. Although celecoxib is a commonly used drug for the treatment of KOA, its efficacy and safety have limitations. Zushima, a traditional Chinese medicine, is commonly used for treating joint pain and has anti-inflammatory and analgesic properties. This study aims to explore the effect of the Zushima patch combined with celecoxib on pain and inflammatory factor expression in knee osteoarthritis (KOA) patients with cold-dampness obstruction.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A total of 100 patients with KOA of cold-dampness obstruction were randomly divided into a treatment group (<i>n</i> = 50) and a control group (<i>n</i> = 50). Patients in the control group received oral administration of celecoxib capsules, whereas the treatment group received the Zushima patch combined with oral administration of celecoxib capsules. Then, the efficacy and safety were compared, together with the traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) syndrome score, pain, and knee joint function. We also determined the concentrations of osteoprotegerin (OPG), insulin-like growth factor (IGF-1), osteocalcin (OC), and inflammatory factors such as interleukin-1β (IL-1β), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and C-reactive protein (CRP). Finally, the safety between the two groups was compared.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The total effective rate in the treatment group was significantly higher than that in the control group. After treatment, the levels of the TCM syndrome score, pain score, IL-1, IL-6, and CRP in the treatment group showed significant decreases compared with those in the control group, while the scores of OPG, IGF-1, OC, and knee joint function in the treatment group showed significant increases compared with those in the control group. There was no significant difference in adverse events between the two groups.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The Zushima patch combined with celecoxib could relieve the pain of KOA with cold-dampness obstruction and improve knee joint function. These effects may be the result of the downregulation of inflammatory factors and the regulation of joint fluid-related indices.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":100656,"journal":{"name":"iLABMED","volume":"2 4","pages":"286-293"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/ila2.66","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143253212","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Machine learning model based on SERPING1, C1QB, and C1QC: A novel diagnostic approach for latent tuberculosis infection","authors":"Linsheng Li,&nbsp;Li Zhuang,&nbsp;Ling Yang,&nbsp;Zhaoyang Ye,&nbsp;Ruizi Ni,&nbsp;Yajing An,&nbsp;Weiguo Zhao,&nbsp;Wenping Gong","doi":"10.1002/ila2.65","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ila2.65","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) is a significant source of active tuberculosis (ATB), yet distinguishing between them is challenging because specific biomarkers are lacking.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We analyzed four microarray datasets (GSE19491, GSE37250, GSE54992, GSE28623) from the gene expression omnibus to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs). Using protein–protein interaction (PPI) networks and LASSO-SVM algorithms, we selected three candidate biomarkers and evaluated their diagnostic efficacy. The expression levels of core genes were validated by RNA sequencing of healthy, ATB, and LTBI groups in a real-world cohort. We conducted Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analyses, predicted shared upstream miRNAs, constructed miRNA–hub and transcription factor (TF)–hub gene networks, and performed immune infiltration analysis.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Three hub genes (<i>SERPING1</i>, <i>C1QC</i>, <i>C1QB</i>) were identified from 45 DEGs by PPI networks and machine learning screening. The diagnostic model based on the three hub genes had an area under the curve (AUC) value of 0.843 in the training set GSE19491 and 0.865 in the validation set GSE28623. Real-world transcriptome sequencing confirmed the expression trends of the hub genes across healthy, LTBI, and ATB groups. GO analysis showed that the 45 hub genes were primarily associated with immune inflammatory responses and pattern recognition receptors, whereas KEGG analysis indicated enrichment in complement and coagulation cascades. The miRNA–hub and TF–hub gene network analysis identified nine miRNAs and the zinc finger TF GATA2 as potential co-regulators of <i>SERPING1</i>, <i>C1QC</i>, and <i>C1QB</i>. Immune cell infiltration analysis identified significant differences in the immune microenvironment between LTBI and ATB, with macrophages and natural killer cells showing significant correlations with tuberculosis infection.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The diagnostic model with <i>SERPING1</i>, <i>C1QC</i>, and <i>C1QB</i> shows promise in distinguishing LTBI from ATB, indicating its potential as a diagnostic tool.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":100656,"journal":{"name":"iLABMED","volume":"2 4","pages":"248-265"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/ila2.65","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143252730","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rapid diagnosis of Mycoplasma pneumoniae and prediction of antibiotic resistance by nanopore adaptive sampling","authors":"Yunke Sun,&nbsp;Xiaonan Li,&nbsp;Jiale He,&nbsp;Lingguo Zhao,&nbsp;Qingliang Chen,&nbsp;Lei Lei,&nbsp;Jun Chen,&nbsp;Lin Zhong,&nbsp;Guobao Li,&nbsp;Yu Xia,&nbsp;Yanmin Bao,&nbsp;Yingdan Zhang,&nbsp;Liang Yang","doi":"10.1002/ila2.64","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ila2.64","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Background&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Microbial infections, particularly in children, require rapid and accurate diagnostics. It is difficult to differentiate pathogens from commensal organisms, and it is impossible to identify antibiotic resistance genes that belong to pathogens with current methods. Third-generation sequencing provides rapid library preparation and real-time data acquisition. Nanopore normal sampling (NNS) enables unbiased sequencing of clinical samples without amplification, aiding pathogen identification and antimicrobial resistance gene prediction. However, clinical samples often contain a considerable amount of human DNA, potentially masking pathogen data. Nanopore adaptive sampling (NAS) aims to selectively enrich pathogens, promising improved diagnostics for acute infections and better treatment decisions in clinical practice. This study aimed to determine the utility of NAS in enhancing the real-time detection of pathogens and predicting AMR in infectious disease outbreaks.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Methods&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;This study used NAS technology to rapidly and directly detect &lt;i&gt;Mycoplasma pneumoniae&lt;/i&gt; infection in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid samples from 28 pediatric patients at Shenzhen Children's Hospital. We assessed the efficacy of NAS compared with that of NNS by evaluating the number of microbial reads and the amount of microbial DNA data. We then compared the accuracy of detecting pathogens between NNS and NAS and between NAS and real-time polymerase chain reaction assays. Furthermore, we predicted antimicrobial resistance (AMR) and examined AMR genes associated with pathogens.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Results&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;NAS showed up to a 14.67-fold increase in the amount of microbial DNA data from patients' samples compared with NNS within the initial 2.5 h of sequencing. Additionally, NAS reduced the amount of host DNA data by up to 6.67-fold compared with NNS. Unlike TaqMan real-time polymerase chain reaction assays, NAS technology identified dominant pathogens and provided detailed insight into the abundance of the microbial community. Furthermore, NAS was able to predict AMR profiles of microbial communities and attribute specific AMR traits to individual microbes within the samples.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Conclusion&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;This study shows that NAS advances the clinical diagnosis because it can rapidly detect pathogens directly from patients' samples and provides antimicrobial resistance information for clinical guidance. These abilities further facilitate the application of NAS in persona","PeriodicalId":100656,"journal":{"name":"iLABMED","volume":"2 4","pages":"266-276"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/ila2.64","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143252365","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Psychrobacter sanguinis infection in a pediatric patient with craniopharyngioma identified in a blood culture by 16S rRNA sequencing","authors":"Jia Liu,&nbsp;Xueping Cao,&nbsp;Xiaoli Yang,&nbsp;Lijie Song,&nbsp;Feifei Duan,&nbsp;Wei Zhang,&nbsp;Yufei Wang","doi":"10.1002/ila2.63","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ila2.63","url":null,"abstract":"<p><i>Psychrobacter</i> species are gram-negative bacteria in the Moraxellaceae family. These bacteria are considered rare opportunistic human pathogens, and the infection sites include blood, cerebral spinal fluid, wounds, urine, the ears, and the eyes. Few cases of human infection by these species have been described previously. We report a case of a 10-year-old boy with postneurosurgical bacteremia due to <i>Psychrobacter sanguinis</i> infection. This infection was difficult to identify using routine biochemical phenotypical tests. Sequencing of 16S rRNA was performed to identify this pathogen. The patient was successfully treated with antibiotics. In conclusion, <i>P. sanguinis</i> infections are rare but should be considered when cultures remain negative for common pathogens.</p>","PeriodicalId":100656,"journal":{"name":"iLABMED","volume":"2 4","pages":"323-326"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/ila2.63","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143248676","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of albumin and lactate dehydrogenase in comparison with cytokeratin 19 fragments and neuron-specific enolase as diagnostic biomarkers for non-small cell lung cancer","authors":"Xiaodong Feng,&nbsp;Ning Yuan,&nbsp;Wei Xu,&nbsp;Yingying Ji,&nbsp;Xiaoyan Yu,&nbsp;Zhijun Zhang","doi":"10.1002/ila2.62","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ila2.62","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The diagnosis of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is a clinical issue that requires attention, and more practical and effective biomarkers need to be selected to assist in diagnosis. This study aimed to examine the diagnostic value of serum albumin (ALB), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), cytokeratin 19 fragments (CYFRA21-1), and neuron-specific enolase (NSE) for NSCLC.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The clinical data of 1048 NSCLC patients and 1125 healthy subjects were extracted from electronic medical records. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was performed to assess the diagnostic significance of ALB, LDH, CYFRA21-1, and NSE for NSCLC. The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) data, which included mRNA profiles for ALB and LDH expression, were acquired from TCGA Program. Finally, interactive survival scatter plots and survival analyses for NSCLC patients were evaluated using the Human Protein Atlas and Kaplan–Meier Plotter.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Significant differences were noted in the levels of ALB and LDH between NSCLC patients and healthy controls. The areas under the ROC curves (AUCs) for ALB and LDH were 0.754 (95% CI: 0.734–0.774) and 0.681 (95% CI: 0.658–0.704), respectively. Moreover, the combination of ALB and LDH raised the AUC to 0.804 (95% CI: 0.785–0.823), and the incorporation of CYFRA21-1 and NSE further increased the AUC to 0.903 (95% CI: 0.890–0.916). Notably, ALB and LDH might be related to the overall survival of NSCLC patients.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study revealed that ALB and LDH in NSCLC patient serum could improve the diagnostic accuracy of conventional biomarkers for NSCLC.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":100656,"journal":{"name":"iLABMED","volume":"2 4","pages":"227-237"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/ila2.62","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143252626","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diagnostic value of exosomal N-glycan profiles for microvascular invasion in hepatocellular carcinoma","authors":"Huijuan Feng,&nbsp;Junping Ke,&nbsp;Liping Zheng,&nbsp;Chenjun Huang,&nbsp;Lijuan Liu","doi":"10.1002/ila2.61","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ila2.61","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Microvascular invasion (MVI) was a critical high-risk factor for postoperative recurrence and adverse prognosis in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), and there were no reliable non-invasive pre-operative diagnostic markers. The exosomal N-glycan profile was closely related to the invasion and immune escape of HCC. Therefore, this article investigated the expression of N-glycan profiles in serum exosomes of patients with HCC and its clinical significance for MVI.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Serum samples from 210 patients with HCC were collected and randomly divided into modeling and validation cohorts. The abundances of N-glycans in serum exosomes with different MVI grades were determined. A diagnostic model for MVI in HCC based on N-glycosylation was constructed and the diagnostic value was analyzed.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In the modeling cohort, comparing groups M0 with M2, the area under the receiver operating characteristic (AUC) of the diagnostic model namely SUM (AUC_SUM) was 0.861, the sensitivity of SUM was 92.68%, and the specificity of SUM was 79.41%, all of which were higher than the seven individual indexes (containing Peak 1, Peak 6, Peak 9, Peak 10, Peak 12, AFP, and PIVKA-II). In the comparison between the M1 and M2 groups, the AUC_SUM was 0.749, the sensitivity of SUM was 79.07%, and the specificity of SUM was 76.60%, all of which were higher than the seven individual indexes. When comparing the M0 and M1 groups, the AUC_SUM was 0.712, the sensitivity of SUM was 88.57%, and the specificity of SUM was 65.00%. The AUC_SUM and sensitivity of SUM were higher than the seven individual indexes and the specificity of SUM was slightly lower than that of AFP (68.18%) but higher than other individual indexes. The results of the validation cohort were similar to those of the modeling cohort.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The SUM model of serum exosomes can serve as an auxiliary diagnostic index for MVI staging in patients with HCC.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":100656,"journal":{"name":"iLABMED","volume":"2 4","pages":"238-247"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/ila2.61","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143252616","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}