{"title":"In-Situ Measurement and Investigation of Winding Loss in High-Frequency Cored Transformers Under Large-Signal Condition","authors":"Navid Rasekh;Jun Wang;Xibo Yuan","doi":"10.1109/OJIA.2022.3193584","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OJIA.2022.3193584","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents an in-situ measurement method to accurately characterize the winding loss in high-frequency (HF) transformers, which is challenging to quantify in power electronics applications. This approach adapts the reactive voltage cancellation concept to measure the complete winding loss in HF transformers with the presence of the magnetic core and the load on the secondary side, while this concept was originally brought up for core loss measurement. As an in-situ method, the proposed testing method can factor in the non-linear winding loss elements impacted by the magnetic field interaction between the windings and the core under the large-signal operation, which are not properly assessed in existing approaches. The presented method significantly reduces the sensitivity of the measurement errors linked to the probe phase discrepancy, since the resistive winding loss is well separated out from the core loss. The acquired experimental results are compared and verified with other common empirical measurement methods and three-dimensional (3D) finite element analysis (FEA). As the finding, the measured winding AC resistance is found to be correlated with the load level. Furthermore, treating the complex winding loss and core loss as a black-box problem, this paper proposes a “total loss map” as an engineering solution to practically distribute the measured loss data of magnetic components to the end-users to enable quick and accurate loss estimation/modelling.","PeriodicalId":100629,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Open Journal of Industry Applications","volume":"3 ","pages":"164-177"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/iel7/8782707/9666452/09839507.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50325631","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Anant K Singh;Ramakrishnan Raja;Tomy Sebastian;Kaushik Rajashekara
{"title":"Torque Ripple Minimization Control Strategy in Synchronous Reluctance Machines","authors":"Anant K Singh;Ramakrishnan Raja;Tomy Sebastian;Kaushik Rajashekara","doi":"10.1109/OJIA.2022.3190905","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OJIA.2022.3190905","url":null,"abstract":"Torque smoothness is an essential requirement for high-performance motor drive applications. Synchronous reluctance machines (SyRM) have high torque ripple due to non-linear magnetic circuit and saturation. Typically, in Permanent magnet machines the active torque ripple compensation is achieved by injecting a compensating ripple current in the \u0000<italic>q-axis</i>\u0000. For SyRM, the current injection method for active torque ripple cancellation can be used in both the \u0000<italic>d-axis</i>\u0000 and \u0000<italic>q-axis</i>\u0000. However, the saturation of the motor parameters with the changing current can result in varied performance between the two methods. This paper evaluates the effectiveness of both of these methods for torque ripple cancellation. For evaluation, the impact of parameter saturation with ripple current injection on the \u0000<italic>d-axis</i>\u0000 and the \u0000<italic>q-axis</i>\u0000 is studied. The mathematical conclusions obtained are evaluated by both the simulation and the experimental results performed on a 4 pole 1200W Synchronous reluctance machine.","PeriodicalId":100629,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Open Journal of Industry Applications","volume":"3 ","pages":"141-151"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/iel7/8782707/9666452/09829907.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50325633","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Online Auto-Tuning Method in Field-Orientation-Controlled Induction Motor Driving Inertial Load","authors":"Masaki Nagataki;Keiichiro Kondo;Osamu Yamazaki;Kazuaki Yuki;Yosuke Nakazawa","doi":"10.1109/OJIA.2022.3189343","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OJIA.2022.3189343","url":null,"abstract":"Feed-forward current control, which employs a single-pulse mode of inverters over a wide speed range, is applied in inertial load drive applications such as electric vehicles and electric railway vehicles. It is necessary to identify both primary and secondary motor parameters to realize sophisticated torque control in the feed-forward current control region, wherein the current controller cannot compensate for motor parameter errors. An online auto-tuning method that is based on the fundamental components of motor voltages during acceleration with an inertial load is proposed in this study. The convergence of the proposed auto-tuning is discussed, and a calculation method for correction gains is proposed to compensate for the motor parameters. The proposed method is verified via numerical simulation and experiments with a 750 W induction motor and an inertial load.","PeriodicalId":100629,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Open Journal of Industry Applications","volume":"3 ","pages":"125-140"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/iel7/8782707/9666452/09823410.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50325634","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Data-Driven Adaptive Torque Oscillation Compensation for Multi-Motor Drive Systems","authors":"Anian Brosch;Johann Rauhaus;Oliver Wallscheid;Detmar Zimmer;Joachim Böcker","doi":"10.1109/OJIA.2022.3171333","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OJIA.2022.3171333","url":null,"abstract":"Multi-motor drive systems (MMDS) combine several drives that work together to fulfill one task. Compared to conventional single-motor drive systems modular product concepts can be realized with MMDS thanks to additional degrees of freedom. Because of their mechanical structure consisting of several shafts, clutches, and gear pairings, complex deflection shapes arise which lead to unintended torque oscillations.To compensate for these torque oscillations a data-driven adaptive multiple-input single-output scheme based on two cascaded recursive least squares estimators is proposed. Here, weights (manipulable amplitudes) for each order (multiple of a fundamental frequency) to be compensated are multiplied with unit amplitude harmonic signals of a reference oscillator and added as reference torques to the torque controllers of the MMDS’s drives. These weights are continually adapted by an online identification of transfer paths and disturbances. Furthermore, the torque contribution of the individual drives concerning the compensation task can be changed at runtime utilizing a weighting matrix as tuning parameter by analytically solving a quadratic program with a linear equality constraint. Hence, the proposed algorithm is suitable for automatic self-commissioning requiring only marginal expert intervention. Experimental investigations prove the compensation capability of the approach whereby a reduction of the output torque’s total harmonic distortion (THD) of up to \u0000<inline-formula><tex-math>$80%$</tex-math></inline-formula>\u0000 from \u0000<inline-formula><tex-math>$26.8%$</tex-math></inline-formula>\u0000 to \u0000<inline-formula><tex-math>$5.4%$</tex-math></inline-formula>\u0000 for a representative operation point is achieved.","PeriodicalId":100629,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Open Journal of Industry Applications","volume":"3 ","pages":"66-78"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/iel7/8782707/9666452/09765673.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50323980","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Performance Evaluation of Si/SiC Hybrid Switch-Based Three-Level Active Neutral-Point-Clamped Inverter","authors":"Haichen Liu;Tiefu Zhao;Xuezhi Wu","doi":"10.1109/OJIA.2022.3179225","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OJIA.2022.3179225","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, two types of Silicon (Si) IGBT and Silicon Carbide (SiC) hybrid switch (Si/SiC HyS) based three-level active neutral-point-clamped (3L-ANPC) inverter are proposed for high efficiency and low device cost. The proposed Si/SiC HyS-based 3L-ANPC inverters are compared with the full Si IGBT, full SiC MOSFET, and Si with SiC devices-based hybrid 3L-ANPC solutions on the inverter efficiency, power capacity, and device cost. It is shown that compared with the full Si IGBT 3L-ANPC solution, the inverter efficiency improvement by Si/SiC HyS is 2.4% and 1.8% at light load condition and heavy load condition, respectively. Compared to the full SiC MOSFET solution and 2-SiC MOSFET hybrid scheme, the device cost of 2-Si/SiC HyS-based 3L-ANPC is reduced by 78% and 50% with 0.28% and 0.21% maximum inverter efficiency sacrifices. The testing results show that the proposed Si/SiC HyS-based 3L-ANPC inverter is a cost-effective way to realize high inverter efficiency. Between the two proposed Si/SiC HyS-based 3L-ANPC inverters, the 2-Si/SiC HyS-based 3L-ANPC inverter has lower device cost which makes it more suitable for cost-sensitive and high efficiency applications. While the 4-Si/SiC HyS-based 3L-ANPC inverter has higher output power capacity, making it a better candidate for high power density, high power capacity, and high efficiency applications.","PeriodicalId":100629,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Open Journal of Industry Applications","volume":"3 ","pages":"90-103"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/iel7/8782707/9666452/09785900.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50325637","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S.M. Muslem Uddin;Galina Mirzaeva;Graham C. Goodwin
{"title":"Robust Model Predictive Control for AFE-Inverter Drives With Common Mode Voltage Elimination","authors":"S.M. Muslem Uddin;Galina Mirzaeva;Graham C. Goodwin","doi":"10.1109/OJIA.2022.3177862","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OJIA.2022.3177862","url":null,"abstract":"This paper proposes a novel and robust version of Model Predictive Control scheme for AC drives based on Voltage Source Inverter (VSI) with Active Front End (AFE). The main feature of the proposed MPC is elimination of Common Mode Voltage (CMV) without imposing a penalty on the corresponding term in the cost function, but rather by a smart utilisation of the restricted set of switching states in a computationally efficient algorithm. Furthermore, the paper proposes to split the conventional MPC scheme into separate Control and Modulation stages, and to enhance the Control stage by integral action, and the Modulation stage - by a Feedback Quantizer. The resulting AC drive scheme provides high tracking accuracy over the full speed range, robustness to disturbances and parameters error, coupled with practically zero CMV and consequently - very low levels of conducted and radiated electromagnetic interference (EMI). This makes the proposed scheme a competitive alternative to the existing AC drive solutions in the most challenging industrial applications. The benefits of the proposed scheme are validated by simulation and experiment.","PeriodicalId":100629,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Open Journal of Industry Applications","volume":"3 ","pages":"114-124"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/iel7/8782707/9666452/09782122.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50325635","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Energy-Management Method to Reduce the Capacity of Lithium-Ion Batteries in Hybrid-Voltage-Source Three-Level Inverter for DC-Electrified Railway Vehicles","authors":"Tadashi Mizobuchi;Keiichiro Kondo;Yosuke Dairaku;Takeshi Shinomiya;Katsumi Ishikawa","doi":"10.1109/OJIA.2022.3160756","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OJIA.2022.3160756","url":null,"abstract":"The hybrid-voltage-source three-level inverter is a traction circuit system aimed at realizing energy savings with lithium-ion batteries for direct-current-electrified railway vehicles. However, this system has the limitation of being unable to freely control the power flow of the batteries owing to the pulse width modulation. However, because this system has batteries, energy management is required for the batteries. Therefore, it is necessary to propose an energy-management method that achieves the required energy-saving effect while considering the constraints of the battery power control. In this paper, a management method is proposed to control the power flow of the batteries by determining the pulse mode of the inverter and the modulation wave offset based on the state of the charge and inverter frequency. In a 0.75-kW class mini-model verification, the effectiveness of the proposed energy-management method is then confirmed based on the state of the charge, inverter frequency, offset, and battery power. Subsequently, we evaluate the energy-saving effect of this hybrid system using a numerical simulation while considering an actual railway vehicle. In addition, the optimal capacity of the batteries is investigated. As a result, the best energy-saving effect is obtained when two of the assumed batteries are connected in series and three in parallel, and the power consumption is reduced by approximately 21%.","PeriodicalId":100629,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Open Journal of Industry Applications","volume":"3 ","pages":"41-55"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/iel7/8782707/9666452/09739826.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50323982","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"On Medium Frequency Differential Mode Resonance Effects in Doubly Fed Induction Machines","authors":"Hans Bärnklau;Jens Proske","doi":"10.1109/OJIA.2022.3157675","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OJIA.2022.3157675","url":null,"abstract":"During synchronization phase of a doubly fed induction machine prototype abnormal high voltages were recorded at stator terminals. By evaluating the measured curves, and the frequency response of a similar machine, these overvoltages could be traced back to differential mode resonance effects within the machine itself. The effect of differential mode resonance is not restricted to doubly fed induction machines but also occurs in other machine types such as squirrel cage induction machines. If not considered in the insulation design, such abnormal voltages will lead to a premature ageing of the insulation. Depending on the operating conditions, premature failures may occur. The measured data presented in the article give an illustrative example what could happen if windings of electric machines are excited near series resonance frequency. As the occurence of this effect becomes more probable the higher the switching frequency of the converter, it is thoroughly important to be aware of it.","PeriodicalId":100629,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Open Journal of Industry Applications","volume":"3 ","pages":"56-65"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/iel7/8782707/9666452/09730001.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50323981","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Frontcover","authors":"","doi":"10.1109/OJIA.2021.3139150","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OJIA.2021.3139150","url":null,"abstract":"Presents the front cover for this issue of the publication.","PeriodicalId":100629,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Open Journal of Industry Applications","volume":"3 ","pages":"C1-C1"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/iel7/8782707/9666452/09667239.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50323987","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Caio R. D. Osório;Dimas A. Schuetz;Gustavo G. Koch;Fernanda Carnielutti;Daniel M. Lima;Luiz A. Maccari Jr;Vinícius F. Montagner;Humberto Pinheiro
{"title":"Modulated Model Predictive Control Applied to LCL-Filtered Grid-Tied Inverters: A Convex Optimization Approach","authors":"Caio R. D. Osório;Dimas A. Schuetz;Gustavo G. Koch;Fernanda Carnielutti;Daniel M. Lima;Luiz A. Maccari Jr;Vinícius F. Montagner;Humberto Pinheiro","doi":"10.1109/OJIA.2021.3134585","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OJIA.2021.3134585","url":null,"abstract":"This paper proposes a modulated model predictive strategy suitable for current control of grid-connected converters with LCL filters, allowing fast dynamic responses with a fixed switching frequency, for both strong and weak grid conditions. The duty cycles are optimized within each switching period based on the minimization of a quadratic cost function with linear constraints from the space vector modulation. Full and reduced-order models are considered for the control design, and closed-form analytical solutions for the optimization problem are derived based on the Karush-Kuhn-Tucker conditions. The closed-form expressions for the optimal solution make it possible to implement the algorithm in real time using off-the-shelf microcontrollers. Extensive evaluation illustrates good transient and steady state performances for different grid conditions. In addition, the proposed MPC takes into account the voltage synthesis capability of the inverter and copes with overmodulation in an orderly fashion even in large transients.","PeriodicalId":100629,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Open Journal of Industry Applications","volume":"2 ","pages":"366-377"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/iel7/8782707/9329249/09648217.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50326997","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}