David Martinez;Fernando Albarracin-Vargas;Juan Galvis;Gideon N. Appiah;Felix Vega;Chaouki Kasmi;Nicolas Mora
{"title":"Comparison of Extrapolation Methods for Truncated Cable Response Transfer Functions Used in De-Embedding Time-Domain Measurements","authors":"David Martinez;Fernando Albarracin-Vargas;Juan Galvis;Gideon N. Appiah;Felix Vega;Chaouki Kasmi;Nicolas Mora","doi":"10.1109/LEMCPA.2022.3145340","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/LEMCPA.2022.3145340","url":null,"abstract":"This letter presents a comparison of three extrapolation methods used to reconstruct the missing parts of truncated cable response transfer functions (TFs) used to de-embed measured transient electromagnetic signals. In the first method (M1), the magnitude of the known TF at the extreme frequencies is kept constant for all the unknown frequencies. The second method (M2) uses a linear extrapolation of the magnitude of the known TF at the highest frequency and a decade earlier. The third method (M3) uses the known portions of the TF to extract its minimum phase function, using the discrete Hilbert transform integrals. The performance of the three methods is analyzed for different rise times of the incident field and with practical signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) at the oscilloscope input. For noise-free signals, M1 and M2 outperform M3 for almost all the considered rise times. On the other hand, the three methods produce errors within the same order of magnitude for noised signals. Given the complexity and computational time required to implement M3, it is suggested that M1 or M2 are used in practical applications.","PeriodicalId":100625,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Letters on Electromagnetic Compatibility Practice and Applications","volume":"4 1","pages":"16-20"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67872934","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jinho Kim;Jihyun Lee;Seonha Lee;Jungsun Yoo;Sungwook Moon;Kil-Hoon Lee;Hyun-Wook Lim;Jaeyoul Lee
{"title":"SI Considerations in Flexible Channels on High-Speed Intra-Panel Interface for Large-Size Flat Panel Display Applications","authors":"Jinho Kim;Jihyun Lee;Seonha Lee;Jungsun Yoo;Sungwook Moon;Kil-Hoon Lee;Hyun-Wook Lim;Jaeyoul Lee","doi":"10.1109/LEMCPA.2022.3145325","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/LEMCPA.2022.3145325","url":null,"abstract":"In flat panel display modules with a large-size and high-resolution for TV applications, signaling channels are relatively short on flexible printed circuit (FPC) cable or chip-on-film (COF) package when compared to those of the source PCBs. However, the short distance channels can significantly affect overall signal integrity (SI) performance. Thus, this letter focuses mainly on analysis and design of signal interconnection on FPC cable and COF package in terms of impedance matching and crosstalk. By optimizing the FPC cable design to mitigate crosstalk as well as insertion loss, the opening area of eye diagram was found to be improved more than twice over the previous one. In addition, through adjusting process of on-die capacitance of electro-static discharge (ESD) protection circuitry in the input stage of a high-speed circuit block, the created parasitic inductance of COF package trace was observed to be compensated. This optimization process can improve greatly system performance by widening the input eye opening. Finally, we propose channel design considerations and design guidelines to ensure better SI performance in flexible channels on high-speed intra-panel interface for large-size liquid crystal display (LCD) TV applications.","PeriodicalId":100625,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Letters on Electromagnetic Compatibility Practice and Applications","volume":"4 1","pages":"11-15"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68044004","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Juan Galvis;David Martinez;Gideon N. Appiah;Fernando Albarracin;Chaouki Kasmi;Nicolas Mora
{"title":"Efficient Estimation of the Band-Ratio of HPEM Sources for IEME Classification","authors":"Juan Galvis;David Martinez;Gideon N. Appiah;Fernando Albarracin;Chaouki Kasmi;Nicolas Mora","doi":"10.1109/LEMCPA.2022.3145345","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/LEMCPA.2022.3145345","url":null,"abstract":"This letter presents an efficient method for the estimation of the band-ratio for discrete spectra. We propose an algorithm that performs an efficient search of the boundary frequencies used to calculate the band-ratio. Then, this algorithm is improved through an adaptive resampling algorithm that reduces the number of samples in the spectrum while maintaining the integrity of the frequency representation. The proposed approach is compared with two additional methods and tested on several types of pulses to validate its efficiency.","PeriodicalId":100625,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Letters on Electromagnetic Compatibility Practice and Applications","volume":"4 1","pages":"7-10"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67872932","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
F. Ruiz-Perez;S. M. López Estrada;F. Caballero Briones
{"title":"Tunable, Wideband X-Band Microwave Absorbers Using Variable Chessboard Surfaces","authors":"F. Ruiz-Perez;S. M. López Estrada;F. Caballero Briones","doi":"10.1109/LEMCPA.2022.3141775","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/LEMCPA.2022.3141775","url":null,"abstract":"In this communication, the design and electromagnetic absorption of a metamaterial coating with a broad modulable absorption in the 8 to 12 GHz frequency range, corresponding to the X-band, is reported. The unit of the coating material consists of a chessboard with chess squares of different heights made of a rGO/Fe\u0000<sub>3</sub>\u0000O\u0000<sub>4</sub>\u0000/PPy composite. The influence of the height ratio of the chess squares in a \u0000<inline-formula> <tex-math>$5 times 5$ </tex-math></inline-formula>\u0000 chessboard on the reflection loss (\u0000<inline-formula> <tex-math>$R_{L}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>\u0000) response of electromagnetic radiation in the X band was studied \u0000<italic>in silico</i>\u0000. The results demonstrate that the chessboard-like microwave absorber exhibit tunable response, with a maximum effective reflection loss of −37.43 dB/GHz in the X band range, ca. 24 % higher than the best single layer coating.","PeriodicalId":100625,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Letters on Electromagnetic Compatibility Practice and Applications","volume":"4 2","pages":"44-46"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67896193","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Method of Modal Parameters for the Wire Segments With Symmetrical Geometry and Singularity Expansion Method","authors":"Sergey V. Tkachenko;Felix Middelstaedt;Ralf Vick","doi":"10.1109/LEMCPA.2021.3132254","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/LEMCPA.2021.3132254","url":null,"abstract":"The previously developed Method of Modal Parameters (MoMP) was applied to calculate the Singularity Expansion Method (SEM) poles of the single and double wire segments with symmetrical geometry: straight wire, circular wire and helix wire, which are important for EMC practice. The symmetry leads to the simplification of the corresponding formulas for matrix elements and allows to obtain SEM poles of the first, second and third layers, which correspond both to the known analytical results and numerical data. Moreover, for the first layer of the poles one can use a simplified variant of the method taking into account only diagonal elements of the p.u.l. impedance matrix.","PeriodicalId":100625,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Letters on Electromagnetic Compatibility Practice and Applications","volume":"4 1","pages":"2-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67872933","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"2021 Index IEEE Letters on Electromagnetic Compatibility Practice and Applications Vol. 3","authors":"","doi":"10.1109/LEMCPA.2021.3134883","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/LEMCPA.2021.3134883","url":null,"abstract":"This index covers all technical items - papers, correspondence, reviews, etc. - that appeared in this periodical during the year, and items from previous years that were commented upon or corrected in this year. Departments and other items may also be covered if they have been judged to have archival value. The Author Index contains the primary entry for each item, listed under the first author's name. The primary entry includes the co-authors' names, the title of the paper or other item, and its location, specified by the publication abbreviation, year, month, and inclusive pagination. The Subject Index contains entries describing the item under all appropriate subject headings, plus the first author's name, the publication abbreviation, month, and year, and inclusive pages. Note that the item title is found only under the primary entry in the Author Index.","PeriodicalId":100625,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Letters on Electromagnetic Compatibility Practice and Applications","volume":"3 4","pages":"1-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/iel7/8566057/9622765/09647879.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67896279","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Waseem El Sayed;Paolo Crovetti;Niek Moonen;Piotr Lezynski;Robert Smolenski;Frank Leferink
{"title":"Electromagnetic Interference of Spread-Spectrum Modulated Power Converters in G3-PLC Power Line Communication Systems","authors":"Waseem El Sayed;Paolo Crovetti;Niek Moonen;Piotr Lezynski;Robert Smolenski;Frank Leferink","doi":"10.1109/LEMCPA.2021.3121091","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/LEMCPA.2021.3121091","url":null,"abstract":"The impact of spread-spectrum techniques used to mitigate EMI from power converters on Power Line Communication (PLC) systems is studied in this paper. A buck converter, utilizing a Random Carrier Frequency Modulation with Fixed Duty cycle (RCFMFD) based control is considered as a source of conducted EMI and a narrowband G3-PLC as the victim. It is shown that, although considered to be an EMI mitigating technique, the spread spectrum technique has a detrimental effect on the communication channel, which can be explained in the framework of Shannon’s information theory. Conventional emission evaluation methods are therefore incompatible with modern day’s technology.","PeriodicalId":100625,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Letters on Electromagnetic Compatibility Practice and Applications","volume":"3 4","pages":"118-122"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67896240","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"An Immunity Estimation Technique for In-Vehicle CAN-FD","authors":"Miyuki Mizoguchi;Ryo Watanabe;Yoichiro Suzuki","doi":"10.1109/LEMCPA.2021.3119255","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/LEMCPA.2021.3119255","url":null,"abstract":"It is a well-known fact that a lot of Electronic Control Units (ECUs) and high-speed communication Local Area Networks (LANs) are necessary for Advanced Driver Assistance System (ADAS). Original equipment manufacturers (OEM) are interested in introducing Controller Area Network with Flexible Data Rate (CAN-FD) on vehicles for its high data rate and low data rate arbitration phase. Meanwhile, ensuring immunity performance is one of the main issues in the CAN-FD using differential signals. We previously reported a method to define a criterion for the immunity performance based on S\u0000<sub>dc11</sub>\u0000 of 100 Mbps Ethernet ECU using differential signals. We also examined the definition of mode conversion S-parameter for CAN-FD. Based on them, in this letter, we propose a CAN-FD Transceiver ICs’ immunity evaluation method to be used for IC selection.","PeriodicalId":100625,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Letters on Electromagnetic Compatibility Practice and Applications","volume":"3 4","pages":"123-126"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67896239","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Bas ten Have;Tom Hartman;Niek Moonen;Frank Leferink
{"title":"Statistical Time-Domain Analysis of Equipment in Low-Voltage Networks","authors":"Bas ten Have;Tom Hartman;Niek Moonen;Frank Leferink","doi":"10.1109/LEMCPA.2021.3119256","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/LEMCPA.2021.3119256","url":null,"abstract":"The increased use of non-linear equipment results in conducted electromagnetic interference problems. As an example, static energy meters, used to measure the energy consumption in households, show misreadings due to pulsed currents from a speed controlled water pump or dimmed lighting equipment. To determine the existence of similar equipment in low-voltage networks, this letter surveys current waveforms drawn by equipment in the low-voltage network. These waveforms are analyzed and compared to critical waveforms from previous research that caused static energy meter interference. In this way the extent of critical situations in a real-world environment is determined. The equipment survey is performed using a multi-channel time- domain measuring method able to capture the voltage and currents synchronously. Then using a time-domain parametric model a statistical overview of parameters such as the charge, crest factor, peak value, pulse duration, and rising slope is given. The survey shows the existence of a large variety of non-linear signals, and 43% contained critical parameters related to static energy meter interference.","PeriodicalId":100625,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Letters on Electromagnetic Compatibility Practice and Applications","volume":"3 4","pages":"114-117"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/iel7/8566057/9622765/09566300.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67898156","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"An EMI-Immune PAM-4 Transmitter With Input Level Shifter in 130-nm BiCMOS Technology","authors":"Mohit Singh Choudhary;Sandeep Goyal;Naga Surya Anjan Kumar Pudi;Jean-Michel Redoute;Maryam Shojaei Baghini","doi":"10.1109/LEMCPA.2021.3112574","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/LEMCPA.2021.3112574","url":null,"abstract":"This work presents a design of an electromagnetic interference (EMI)-immune pulse amplitude modulation-4 (PAM-4) transmitter. The traditional PAM-4 transmitters are prone to failing in the presence of EMI, which is experimentally verified. The proposed PAM-4 shows superior performance over the traditional PAM-4 transmitter, in the presence of EMI, by using an Input Level Shifter (ILS). ILS minimises the effect of EMI on a PAM-4 signal by reducing the input common-mode level of the transmitter and renders it compatible with the previous logic state. The proposed PAM-4 transmitter is fabricated in 130-nm BiCMOS technology with a chip area of 580 \u0000<inline-formula> <tex-math>$mu text{m},,times $ </tex-math></inline-formula>\u0000 915 \u0000<inline-formula> <tex-math>$mu text{m}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>\u0000. EMI-immunity measurements are aligned with the IEC 62132-2 standard by using a transverse electromagnetic (TEM) cell for radiated EMI-immunity. In the presence of a wide range of EMIs, the proposed PAM-4 transmitter operates at a data rate of 6.5 Gbps and maintains the minimum required eye-opening of 70 mV as per the standard IEEE 802.2bs. The proposed EMI-immune transmitter can withstand EMI powers of 0–16 dBm in frequencies ranging from 1 MHz to 1.5 GHz.","PeriodicalId":100625,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Letters on Electromagnetic Compatibility Practice and Applications","volume":"3 4","pages":"109-113"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67898155","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}