IEEE Journal on Flexible Electronics最新文献_第3页

Printing Stretchable Electronics With Fused Filament Fabrication 用熔丝制造印刷可拉伸电子产品

IEEE Journal on Flexible Electronics Pub Date : 2025-02-06 DOI: 10.1109/JFLEX.2025.3539608

Sharmin Jahan;Nathan Lazarus

{"title":"Printing Stretchable Electronics With Fused Filament Fabrication","authors":"Sharmin Jahan;Nathan Lazarus","doi":"10.1109/JFLEX.2025.3539608","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/JFLEX.2025.3539608","url":null,"abstract":"Additive manufacturing is a powerful approach for integrating flexible and stretchable conductors into complex 3-D structures, but many current printing technologies, such as direct ink writing (DIW), are expensive and challenging to access for many potential users, such as hobbyists and small companies. In this work, a low-cost commercial fused filament fabrication (FFF) 3-D printer is used to manufacture low-resistivity stretchable serpentine conductors. By using dual extruder heads, serpentines are printed in a highly conductive metal-particulate-based composite on a thermoplastic elastomer (TPE) part and demonstrated to survive mechanical strains of up to 25%, sufficient for use in close contact with the human body. Selective electroless plating is also demonstrated to metalize the printed traces, depositing a thin layer of copper for improved electrical conductivity. Using this approach, we demonstrate conductivity improvements by about three orders of magnitude (<inline-formula> <tex-math>$sim10^{3}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>) over past FFF printed serpentines, a major milestone in making stretchable electronics cheaper and more accessible. The resulting stretchable conductors are then demonstrated to print devices, including stretchable inductors and stretchable interconnect on a soft robotic actuator.","PeriodicalId":100623,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Journal on Flexible Electronics","volume":"4 2","pages":"98-107"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143883382","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Natural Alkaloids (Caffeine, Theobromine, and Theophylline) as Dielectric Capping Layers for Gold and Aluminum Gate Electrodes in Low Operating Voltage Organic Field-Effect Transistors 天然生物碱（咖啡因，可可碱和茶碱）作为低工作电压有机场效应晶体管中金和铝栅极的介电封盖层

IEEE Journal on Flexible Electronics Pub Date : 2025-02-05 DOI: 10.1109/JFLEX.2025.3539612

Cristian Vlad Irimia;Cigdem Yumusak;Boyuan Ban;Elisabeth Leeb;Felix Mayr;Corina Schimanofsky;Andrei Ionut Mardare;Maximilian Alexander Molnar;Christian Teichert;Niyazi Serdar Sariciftci;Mihai Irimia-Vladu

{"title":"Natural Alkaloids (Caffeine, Theobromine, and Theophylline) as Dielectric Capping Layers for Gold and Aluminum Gate Electrodes in Low Operating Voltage Organic Field-Effect Transistors","authors":"Cristian Vlad Irimia;Cigdem Yumusak;Boyuan Ban;Elisabeth Leeb;Felix Mayr;Corina Schimanofsky;Andrei Ionut Mardare;Maximilian Alexander Molnar;Christian Teichert;Niyazi Serdar Sariciftci;Mihai Irimia-Vladu","doi":"10.1109/JFLEX.2025.3539612","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/JFLEX.2025.3539612","url":null,"abstract":"Three natural alkaloids, caffeine, theobromine, and theophylline, are reported for their application as dielectric layers in organic field-effect transistors (OFETs) utilizing both gold and aluminum gate electrodes. After careful purification of the materials, a detailed analysis using X-ray diffraction spectroscopy (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, contact angle (CA), impedance spectroscopy, amplitude-modulated kelvin probe force microscope (AM-KPFM), and cyclic voltammetry (CV) is performed. OFET devices operating at typical voltages between 2 and 4 V have been fabricated with the investigated alkaloid films processed via blade coating (caffeine) or vacuum processing (theobromine and theophylline). The dielectric properties of these three alkaloids are measured in impedance spectroscopy and negligible leakage currents are observed when deposited in thin films as dielectric layers in OFETs on aluminum electrodes. There is a high tendency for these molecules to crystallize and form uneven surfaces. When the thin-film forming properties are carefully controlled, organic alkaloids can be employed in applications involving implantable, transient, or even edible electronics.","PeriodicalId":100623,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Journal on Flexible Electronics","volume":"4 5","pages":"165-187"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10876152","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144598099","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Optimization of the UV-Curing and Magnetic Capabilities of a Magnetite 3-D Printable Resin for Metamaterial Applications 超材料用磁铁矿3-D可打印树脂的uv固化和磁性的优化

IEEE Journal on Flexible Electronics Pub Date : 2025-02-05 DOI: 10.1109/JFLEX.2025.3539259

Alicia Gardiner;Roger Domingo-Roca;Musanna Abdul Maleque;Mahshid Hafezi;James F. C. Windmill;Andrew Feeney

{"title":"Optimization of the UV-Curing and Magnetic Capabilities of a Magnetite 3-D Printable Resin for Metamaterial Applications","authors":"Alicia Gardiner;Roger Domingo-Roca;Musanna Abdul Maleque;Mahshid Hafezi;James F. C. Windmill;Andrew Feeney","doi":"10.1109/JFLEX.2025.3539259","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/JFLEX.2025.3539259","url":null,"abstract":"The manufacture of acoustic metamaterials (AMMs) is a significant challenge within the field, which developments in additive manufacture have the potential to address. This research presents the optimization of a new stereolithography (SL) 3-D printable resin, with magnetic properties incorporated to be utilized in adjustable AMMs. The core aim of this study is the synthesis of a magnetic resin for improved adjustable-bandwidth performance in membrane-coupled AMMs. The material features considered relevant here for resin optimization are curing rate, Young’s modulus, and magnetization of saturation. Studies were conducted to analyze the effect of various resin components, comprising single and interpenetrated polymer networks, surfactants, photoblocker concentrations, and magnetic fillers, on the resin properties. Magnetic hysteresis plots were recorded to demonstrate the effect of using different particle sizes of magnetite and carbonyl iron. The goal of this is to optimize the magnetic composite selection to maximize magnetization while reducing the need for magnetic poling postmanufacture, further contributing to the ease of manufacture of the resin formula. The final formula had a density of <inline-formula> <tex-math>$1205.30~pm ~0.56$ </tex-math></inline-formula> kg/m3, peak tensile Young’s modulus of 6.50 MPa, and ultimate tensile strength (UTS) of 0.744 MPa—printed with 25-<inline-formula> <tex-math>$mu $ </tex-math></inline-formula>m layer thickness. The magnetization of saturation for the optimized resin formula was 3.326–4.647 emu/g at 5 wt% magnetite content, dependent on the poling regime.","PeriodicalId":100623,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Journal on Flexible Electronics","volume":"4 1","pages":"52-61"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143875177","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Flexible Sensors for IoT-Based Health Monitoring 用于基于物联网的健康监测的柔性传感器

IEEE Journal on Flexible Electronics Pub Date : 2025-02-04 DOI: 10.1109/JFLEX.2025.3538808

Sumit Majumder;Arup Kumer Roy;Tapas Mondal;M. Jamal Deen

{"title":"Flexible Sensors for IoT-Based Health Monitoring","authors":"Sumit Majumder;Arup Kumer Roy;Tapas Mondal;M. Jamal Deen","doi":"10.1109/JFLEX.2025.3538808","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/JFLEX.2025.3538808","url":null,"abstract":"The global population is aging due to increased life expectancy and declining birth rates. As a result, there is a growing prevalence of chronic diseases such as heart disease, hypertension, and diabetes, among the older population. These conditions not only diminish the quality of life but also significantly drive up healthcare costs. Consequently, the demand for efficient and cost-effective healthcare solutions is rising. Traditional healthcare systems are often challenged by issues of accessibility and equity, particularly in regions with inadequate medical infrastructure and geographic barriers. In response to these challenges, this article explores the potential of advanced flexible sensor technologies, integrated with cutting-edge communication and computing tools such as the Internet of Things (IoT), artificial intelligence (AI), and big data analytics. These sensors enable continuous, unobtrusive monitoring of vital signs, and health parameters, facilitating personalized and preventive care in the comfort of an individual’s home. However, the widespread adoption of these technologies faces several obstacles, including challenges related to manufacturing scalability, cost, mechanical stability, and data security. This article reviews the current state of research and development in flexible sensors and their integration with modern technologies for IoT-based health monitoring. It also examines key challenges and concerns associated with their use and outlines the future potential for these sensors to revolutionize healthcare monitoring and management.","PeriodicalId":100623,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Journal on Flexible Electronics","volume":"4 2","pages":"63-88"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143883510","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

IEEE Journal on Flexible Electronics Call for Papers: Special Issue on the Social Impact of the Internet of Medical Things: From Body Wearables to Brain Implants IEEE柔性电子期刊征文：医疗物联网的社会影响特刊：从身体可穿戴设备到大脑植入物

IEEE Journal on Flexible Electronics Pub Date : 2025-01-31 DOI: 10.1109/JFLEX.2025.3530116

引用次数: 0

IEEE Journal on Flexible Electronics Publication Information IEEE柔性电子出版信息杂志

IEEE Journal on Flexible Electronics Pub Date : 2025-01-31 DOI: 10.1109/JFLEX.2024.3514053

引用次数: 0

Dopamine Functionalized Activated Carbon-Based 3-D-Printed Biodegradable Electrode for Supercapacitor 基于多巴胺功能化活性炭的3d打印超级电容器可生物降解电极

IEEE Journal on Flexible Electronics Pub Date : 2025-01-27 DOI: 10.1109/JFLEX.2025.3534186

Chirag Mevada;Vijay Singh Parihar;Amit Tewari;Jari Keskinen;Minna Kellomäki;Matti Mäntysalo

{"title":"Dopamine Functionalized Activated Carbon-Based 3-D-Printed Biodegradable Electrode for Supercapacitor","authors":"Chirag Mevada;Vijay Singh Parihar;Amit Tewari;Jari Keskinen;Minna Kellomäki;Matti Mäntysalo","doi":"10.1109/JFLEX.2025.3534186","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/JFLEX.2025.3534186","url":null,"abstract":"This study investigates dopamine-grafted activated carbon (DAC) composites synthesized via chemical bonding for use as biodegradable supercapacitor (SC) electrodes. This composite approach leverages both electrical double-layer capacitance and pseudocapacitance to achieve a significant increase in capacitance. The results of thermogravimetric, surface area and porosimeter, Raman, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analysis confirmed the grafting of dopamine (DP) on activated carbon (AC). The 3-D-printed SCs were manufactured utilizing electrode materials based on DAC and AC to investigate their electrochemical performance. The DAC-based SC exhibited a specific capacitance of 24 F<inline-formula> <tex-math>$cdot $ </tex-math></inline-formula>g−1, notably higher than the 15-F<inline-formula> <tex-math>$cdot $ </tex-math></inline-formula>g−1 specific capacitance observed in AC-based SC under a current density of 0.008 A<inline-formula> <tex-math>$cdot $ </tex-math></inline-formula>g−1. This difference highlights the important role played by the redox reaction facilitated by the grafted dopamine molecule. DAC holds promise as a biodegradable electrode material suitable for SCs for low-power wireless sensor application.","PeriodicalId":100623,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Journal on Flexible Electronics","volume":"4 1","pages":"42-51"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10854434","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143883308","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A Fully LTPS-TFT-Based Bidirectional Biomedical Interface Circuit for Large-Area Healthcare Applications 一种完全基于ltps - tft的大面积医疗应用双向生物医学接口电路

IEEE Journal on Flexible Electronics Pub Date : 2025-01-27 DOI: 10.1109/JFLEX.2025.3534193

Hanbo Zhang;Yuqing Lou;Zhihang Zhang;Yongfu Li;Fakhrul Zaman Rokhani;Guoxing Wang;Jian Zhao

{"title":"A Fully LTPS-TFT-Based Bidirectional Biomedical Interface Circuit for Large-Area Healthcare Applications","authors":"Hanbo Zhang;Yuqing Lou;Zhihang Zhang;Yongfu Li;Fakhrul Zaman Rokhani;Guoxing Wang;Jian Zhao","doi":"10.1109/JFLEX.2025.3534193","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/JFLEX.2025.3534193","url":null,"abstract":"This article proposed a fully low-temperature polysilicon thin-film transistor (LTPS-TFT)-based bidirectional biomedical pixel interface integrated with a high linearity stimulator and a high-performance biopotential sensing front-end circuit to amplify and digitize biological signals for high robustness data transmission. All circuits are designed and manufactured under a <inline-formula> <tex-math>$text {3-}mu text {m}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> LTPS process. We demonstrated the experiment in saline using the stimulator circuit to simulate stimulation inside the organism, achieving stimulation with different average currents under different duty cycles. The proposed front-end circuit has a gain of 40 dB. The referred input voltage noise of the entire signal chain is <inline-formula> <tex-math>$86.2~mu text {V}/sqrt {text {Hz}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>, and the effective number of bits (ENOB) is 9.13 bits at an input of <inline-formula> <tex-math>$0.5~text {mV}_{text {PP}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>. Simultaneously conducting statistical testing on 20 chips has achieved a 1.05 dB SNDR standard deviation. Finally, we use a function signal generator to simulate the input signals of electrocorticography (ECoG), electrocardiogram (ECG), and electrooculogram (EOG), then use front-end circuits to read and reconstruct them to demonstrate that the proposed pixel interface can correctly read common biomedical signals for healthcare applications.","PeriodicalId":100623,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Journal on Flexible Electronics","volume":"3 12","pages":"526-532"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143716359","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Triboelectric Pressure Sensor With Microstructured PDMS for Human Motion and Gait Pattern Monitoring 微结构PDMS摩擦电压力传感器用于人体运动和步态模式监测

IEEE Journal on Flexible Electronics Pub Date : 2025-01-27 DOI: 10.1109/JFLEX.2025.3534158

Partha Sarati Das;Simon Rondeau-Gagné;Mohammed Jalal Ahamed

{"title":"Triboelectric Pressure Sensor With Microstructured PDMS for Human Motion and Gait Pattern Monitoring","authors":"Partha Sarati Das;Simon Rondeau-Gagné;Mohammed Jalal Ahamed","doi":"10.1109/JFLEX.2025.3534158","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/JFLEX.2025.3534158","url":null,"abstract":"This work presents a low-cost, out-of-cleanroom method for fabricating microstructured polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) films for triboelectric pressure sensors, using a tape mold replication process that eliminates the need for expensive equipment. A triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG)-based pressure sensor is developed with materials, including PDMS, polyimide (kapton) films, and copper electrodes. The TENG-based pressure sensors have been successfully applied to monitor various human motions, such as walking (via insole integration), tactile sensing (via cup integration), foot pressure detection, and tracking movements such as elbow and finger bending, as well as jumping. The flexible sensor demonstrated high linearity (<inline-formula> <tex-math>$R^{2} =0.9817$ </tex-math></inline-formula>), a quick response time (100 ms), and a reliable loading and unloading rate (10 Hz). The sensor showed stable output across diverse forces and frequencies, which is ideal for flexible and wearable applications. These findings highlight the potential of the proposed TENG fabrication method for applications in wearable pressure sensors, self-powered electronic skin (e-skin) for humanoid robots, and human--machine interaction systems.","PeriodicalId":100623,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Journal on Flexible Electronics","volume":"4 2","pages":"89-97"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143883381","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Disposable and Highly Sensitive Humidity Sensor Based on PEDOT:PSS/GO Heterostructure 基于PEDOT:PSS/GO异质结构的一次性高灵敏度湿度传感器

IEEE Journal on Flexible Electronics Pub Date : 2025-01-23 DOI: 10.1109/JFLEX.2025.3533498

Prajjwal Shukla;Rahul Gond;Ajay Beniwal;Chong Li;Brajesh Rawat

引用次数: 0