IDS Working Papers最新文献

{"title":"IDS Working Paper Research Summary 360: Does Research Reduce Poverty? Assessing the Welfare Impacts of Policy-oriented Research in Agriculture","authors":"","doi":"10.1111/j.2040-0209.2011.00360_1.x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.2040-0209.2011.00360_1.x","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":100618,"journal":{"name":"IDS Working Papers","volume":"2011 360","pages":"i-ii"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1111/j.2040-0209.2011.00360_1.x","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"137496155","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Expert Advocacy for the Marginalised: How and Why Democratic Mediation Matters to Deepening Democracy in the Global South","authors":"Laurence Piper,&nbsp;Bettina von Lieres","doi":"10.1111/j.2040-0209.2011.00364_2.x","DOIUrl":"10.1111/j.2040-0209.2011.00364_2.x","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The paper argues that the practice of democratic mediation is an increasingly common, yet under-researched, component of engagements between citizens and public authorities across the globe. While the actors who mediate (and their tactics) are diverse and are not necessarily of the marginalised group, they share a commitment to overcoming representational, knowledge or ideological deficits in decision-making for the marginalised group. While the ‘speaking for’ nature of democratic mediation clearly opens up critical legitimacy problems, the practice of democratic mediation appears to be remarkably common, and even effective.</p>\u0000 <p>The paper demonstrates this by surveying at least three kinds of democratic mediation observed across a large number of cases. First is ‘mediation as professional advocacy’. The mediator in these cases is more an ‘interested intermediary’ in contentious policy politics. In a context of skewed power-relations where certain groups remain systematically marginalised, not least through knowledge and representational deficits, a degree of advocacy is required to get more egalitarian policy dialogue.</p>\u0000 <p>Second is ‘mediation as representational entrepreneurship’. This refers to engagements between citizens and forms of public authority that stretch from the local to the global level. In more ‘global-local’ mobilisations, mediators are often experts, professionals, and international NGOs. In more ‘local – global’ movements, the mediators are ‘hybrid activists’ deeply rooted in the local identities and associations. However, in either case the actor is distinguished by the taking of initiative to include the voices of the marginalised in a domain of power-relations which is multi-level.</p>\u0000 <p>Lastly, ‘mediation as citizenship development’ refers to forms of activism typically associated with community and capacity development, and usually involves limited advocacy by civil society organisations (CSOs). Hence there may be little by way of explicit mediation in local governance decision-making in these cases, although the empowerment of communities has a demonstrable and mostly positive impact on local governance.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":100618,"journal":{"name":"IDS Working Papers","volume":"2011 364","pages":"01-41"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1111/j.2040-0209.2011.00364_2.x","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"104847725","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Does Research Reduce Poverty? Assessing the Welfare Impacts of Policy-oriented Research in Agriculture","authors":"Edoardo Masset,&nbsp;Rajendra Mulmi,&nbsp;Andy Sumner","doi":"10.1111/j.2040-0209.2011.00360_2.x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.2040-0209.2011.00360_2.x","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In the current context of the global financial crisis and its aftermath, development resources are likely to be getting scarcer. Resources for development research are too. The set of circumstances generating the resource scarcity is also putting pressure on development gains. More than ever before, every dollar spent on development research will have to count towards sustainable poverty reduction. However, the understanding of the impacts of development research on policy change and on poverty is weak at best, with agriculture being no different.</p>\u0000 <p>The area of research impact is not a new area of enquiry but an emergent one. Our paper seeks to build on the work of others. It surveys the literature and identifies different ways of assessing the impact of ‘policy-oriented’ research. We then take the available literature on agriculture as a specific focus to survey.</p>\u0000 <p>Our paper surveys the different types of ‘policy-oriented’ research; the literature on the ‘theories of change’ for policy research in international development; methodologies for analysing the impact of policy-oriented research; the relevant agriculture literature and outlines the types indicators that can be used for impact assessment of research with examples.</p>\u0000 <p>The key findings are:</p>\u0000 <p>\u0000 \u0000 </p><ul>\u0000 \u0000 <li><span>•  </span>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <p>There is no standard practice for the evaluation of research projects and every evaluation strategy should be designed on a case-by-case basis.</p>\u0000 </li>\u0000 \u0000 <li><span>•  </span>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <p>It is possible to test research project impacts along some dimensions of social welfare (agricultural output, income or poverty) by finding the appropriate indicators (and methodology). The overall goal – welfare impacts of research – is highly desirable, but not always feasible.</p>\u0000 </li>\u0000 \u0000 <li><span>•  </span>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <p>When welfare assessment of research is not feasible, it is recommended that evaluators test intermediate outcomes. The articulation of the theory of change of the project allows testing critical links in the causal chain running from research to welfare.</p>\u0000 </li>\u0000 </ul>\u0000 \u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":100618,"journal":{"name":"IDS Working Papers","volume":"2011 360","pages":"01-64"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1111/j.2040-0209.2011.00360_2.x","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"137496174","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"IDS Working Paper Research Summary 362: Infrastructures of Consent: Interrogating Citizen Participation Mandates in Indian Urban Governance","authors":"","doi":"10.1111/j.2040-0209.2011.00362_1.x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.2040-0209.2011.00362_1.x","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":100618,"journal":{"name":"IDS Working Papers","volume":"2011 362","pages":"i-ii"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1111/j.2040-0209.2011.00362_1.x","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"137496202","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"States of Citizenship: Contexts and Cultures of Public Engagement and Citizen Action","authors":"Andrea Cornwall,&nbsp;Steven Robins,&nbsp;Bettina Von Lieres","doi":"10.1111/j.2040-0209.2011.00363_2.x","DOIUrl":"10.1111/j.2040-0209.2011.00363_2.x","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Drawing on case studies from the Citizenship Development Research Centre, this paper contends that mechanisms aimed at enhancing citizen engagement need to be contextualised in the states of citizenship in which they are applied. It calls for more attention to be focused on understanding trajectories of citizenship experience and practice in particular kinds of states. It suggests that whilst efforts have been made by donors to get to grips with history and context – such as DFID's Drivers of Change analyses or Sida's Power Studies – less attention has been given to exploring the implications of the dissonance between the normative dimensions of global narratives of participation and accountability, and the lived experience of civic engagement and the empirical realities of ‘civil society’ in diverse kinds of states. By exploring instantiations of citizenship in different kinds of states, the paper reflects on what citizen engagement comes to imply in these contexts. In doing so, it draws attention to the diverse ways in which particular subject-positions and forms of identification are articulated in the pursuit of concrete social and political projects.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":100618,"journal":{"name":"IDS Working Papers","volume":"2011 363","pages":"01-32"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1111/j.2040-0209.2011.00363_2.x","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"97281959","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"IDS Working Paper Research Summary 355: Benefiting the Resource Rich: How Can International Development Policy Help Tame the Resource Curse?","authors":"","doi":"10.1111/j.2040-0209.2011.00355_1.x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.2040-0209.2011.00355_1.x","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":100618,"journal":{"name":"IDS Working Papers","volume":"2011 355","pages":"i-ii"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1111/j.2040-0209.2011.00355_1.x","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"137534380","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Power, Politics, and Political Entrepreneurs: Realising Universal Free Basic Education in Indonesia","authors":"Andrew Rosser,&nbsp;Anuradha Joshi,&nbsp;Donni Edwin","doi":"10.1111/j.2040-0209.2011.00358_2.x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.2040-0209.2011.00358_2.x","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Several developing countries have recently introduced policies supporting universal basic free education (UFBE). Experience suggests such policies often fail to increase access and quality of education, and illegal fees are widely prevalent. The literature identifies several reasons including the lack of replacement funding in place of fees and the loss of quality due to overcrowding and subsequent high drop-out rates. This paper, using evidence from Indonesia's experience, argues that the underlying problem is political. We suggest that fee-free education is an attainable goal, but only if pro-UFBE coalitions are empowered to influence policy, demand accountability and seek redress against illegal fees.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":100618,"journal":{"name":"IDS Working Papers","volume":"2011 358","pages":"01-34"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1111/j.2040-0209.2011.00358_2.x","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"92299911","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"IDS Working Paper Research Summary 357: Violence, Security and Democracy: Perverse Interfaces and their Implications for States and Citizens in the Global South","authors":"","doi":"10.1111/j.2040-0209.2011.00357_1.x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.2040-0209.2011.00357_1.x","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":100618,"journal":{"name":"IDS Working Papers","volume":"2011 357","pages":"i-ii"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1111/j.2040-0209.2011.00357_1.x","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"137701881","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"IDS Working Paper Research Summary 356: The Political Economy of Stabilisation Funds: Measuring their Success in Resource-Dependent Countries","authors":"","doi":"10.1111/j.2040-0209.2011.00356_1.x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.2040-0209.2011.00356_1.x","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":100618,"journal":{"name":"IDS Working Papers","volume":"2011 356","pages":"i-ii"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1111/j.2040-0209.2011.00356_1.x","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"137536126","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Infrastructures of Consent: Interrogating Citizen Participation Mandates in Indian Urban Governance","authors":"Karen Coelho,&nbsp;Lalitha Kamath,&nbsp;M. Vijaybaskar","doi":"10.1111/j.2040-0209.2011.00362_2.x","DOIUrl":"10.1111/j.2040-0209.2011.00362_2.x","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>How does the state ‘perform’ people's participation and public consultation exercises in a context where it is increasingly forced to rely on private capital to build infrastructure? How do these new forms of participation and consultation articulate with existing institutions of people's representation? Are the new mandates for citizen participation and public consultation that are written into the reform agenda driving a further wedge into the already fractured citizenship that characterizes the Indian urban polity? These are the questions posed by this paper.</p>\u0000 <p>While ‘participatory development’ itself has come under critique since the late 1990s for its demonstrated effects of disenfranchising marginalised groups, manufacturing consensus for plans already made, and/or closing off alternative pathways for transformation, this paper argues that contemporary practices of public consultation and citizen participation have moved out of the ambit of such critiques. No longer do they contain more than tokenistic gestures toward broad inclusion or people's empowerment. Instead, the imperatives of ‘fast-tracking’ India's cities into a post-Third World regime of ‘global cities’, have given new shape and meaning to contemporary practices of participation and consultation. The paper explores notions of participation as located in 'second generation’ or institutional reforms, particularly as articulated by prominent state-sponsored public-private partnerships such as the Bangalore Agenda Task Force (BATF) and the Tamilnadu Urban Development Fund (TNUDF). These ‘model’ partnerships provided key programmatic elements that became the basis of national reform programs, notably the Jawarharlal Nehru National Urban Renewal Mission (JNNURM). The paper also discusses the emerging character of collective action in Indian cities in terms of its implications for the unfolding of governance reform measures such as the JNNURM's Community Participation Law.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":100618,"journal":{"name":"IDS Working Papers","volume":"2011 362","pages":"01-33"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1111/j.2040-0209.2011.00362_2.x","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"99813864","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}