Hybrid Advances最新文献

{"title":"Sustainable functionalization of biodegradable antimicrobial materials for healthcare textiles: A comprehensive review","authors":"Md. Tareque Rahaman","doi":"10.1016/j.hybadv.2025.100580","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hybadv.2025.100580","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The textile industry is undergoing a significant transformation towards sustainability, driven by increasing environmental and health concerns. The application of antimicrobial materials in textiles plays a vital role in improving hygiene and safety but often involves hazardous chemicals. This review analyzes the development and application of biodegradable antimicrobial materials in sustainable healthcare textiles. Emphasizing eco-friendly sources such as essential oils, plant extracts, and biopolymers, the review highlights thse materials’ potential as effective and environmentally sustainable alternatives to conventional synthetic antimicrobials. Recent advances in green extraction techniques and advanced release systems have improved the durability and satisfactory performance of these bio-based agents. The review analyzes diverse applications across textile types, including protective clothing, medical textiles, and casual apparel, ensuring multifunctional benefits such as antimicrobial activity, biodegradability, and reduced toxicity. Despite promising advancements, challenges remain in enabling consistent performance, wash durability, and addressing safety concerns related to nanomaterials. This review also identifies gaps in life cycle assessments and the need for standardized testing protocols and regulatory frameworks to ensure market adoption. It indicates that future research directions should focus on enhancing extraction methods, developing sustainable carrier systems, and integrating multifunctional properties while aligning with circular economy principles.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100614,"journal":{"name":"Hybrid Advances","volume":"12 ","pages":"Article 100580"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145618225","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pickering emulsions: Physicochemical properties and recent applications in engineering","authors":"Sunday M. Ajayi ,&nbsp;Samuel O. Olusanya ,&nbsp;Sunday F. Abimbade ,&nbsp;Oluwabamise L. Faboya ,&nbsp;Emmanuel G. Olumayede ,&nbsp;Cecilia O. Akintayo ,&nbsp;Dosu Malomo","doi":"10.1016/j.hybadv.2025.100509","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hybadv.2025.100509","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Colloidal particles' adaptability facilitates the creation of various materials using Pickering emulsion templates. This review explores the recent utilization of colloidal particles in stabilizing Pickering emulsions and their potential applications in engineering technology to promote green chemistry. The study examines recent research on colloidal dispersion applications in engineering. Emulsion preparation techniques, phase volume fraction, and factors influencing emulsion stability, as well as stabilizing particles and stabilization mechanisms were presented. Additionally, it investigates Fracture Analysis, rheological properties, steady-state phenomenon, and mechanical behaviour of Pickering emulsions. The review also presents an engineering perspective on emulsion types and discusses various potential engineering applications of Pickering emulsions, including ion exchange, absorption, tissue engineering, wastewater treatment, mineral flotation, catalysis, pipe cleaning, road construction, oil drilling and recovery, and 3D printing. The study identifies challenges hindering current research on Pickering emulsion applications in engineering, suggests future directions, and emphasizes the need for a multidisciplinary approach to overcome these obstacles. This research demonstrates that Pickering emulsions offer a promising and convenient system for fabricating diverse materials to address numerous engineering problems and reduce environmental pollution.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100614,"journal":{"name":"Hybrid Advances","volume":"11 ","pages":"Article 100509"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144213345","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tailoring interfacial adhesion and hydrophobicity in jute-epoxy composites via acrylic water sealer coatings","authors":"Safina Kamal Shoily ,&nbsp;Md Abu Rayan Sajib ,&nbsp;Md Shariful Islam ,&nbsp;Md Arifuzzaman","doi":"10.1016/j.hybadv.2025.100558","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hybadv.2025.100558","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigates the enhancement of mechanical and moisture-resistant properties in jute fiber-reinforced epoxy composites through water sealer coatings, exploring dilution ratios of 1:1, 1:2, and 1:3 (sealer-to-water). Tensile, flexural, and impact tests revealed that the 1:1 composite achieved the highest tensile strength (17.31 MPa), while the 1:2 composite demonstrated optimal overall performance, exhibiting the highest flexural strength (40.93 MPa), impact energy (3.75 J), tensile toughness (245.65 mJ), and the lowest water absorption (2.95 %). The 1:2 coating also minimized water absorption (2.95 %), outperforming the control (3.81 %) and 1:3 composite (5.57 %). SEM analysis demonstrated uniform fiber-matrix adhesion in the 1:2 composite, while FTIR identified key functional groups (C<img>O, C–O–C) that enhanced interfacial bonding and moisture resistance. A critical stiffness-toughness trade-off emerged: the 1:2 composite balanced ductility (tensile toughness: 245.65 mJ) with retained rigidity, whereas the 1:1 and 1:3 ratios exhibited reduced stiffness or excessive hydrophilicity. The findings highlight the 1:2 dilution as a cost-effective strategy to tailor natural fiber composites for structural and dynamic applications in humid environments. This work advances sustainable material design by optimizing eco-friendly coatings, offering insights for industries seeking alternatives to synthetic reinforcements. This work establishes the strategic dilution of commercial sealers as a novel, scalable, and cost-effective route for manufacturing high-performance natural fiber composites, moving beyond traditional chemical treatments.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100614,"journal":{"name":"Hybrid Advances","volume":"11 ","pages":"Article 100558"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145219045","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessing the unconfined compressive strength of lime stabilized soil blended with iron ore tailings using probabilistic and artificial neural networks approach","authors":"Paul Yohanna ,&nbsp;Annafi Qaudri Babatunde ,&nbsp;Kolawole Juwonlo Osinubi ,&nbsp;Adrian Oshioname Eberemu ,&nbsp;Paul Terkumbur Adeke ,&nbsp;Roland Kufre Etim ,&nbsp;Ishola Kazeem","doi":"10.1016/j.hybadv.2025.100563","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hybadv.2025.100563","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Black cotton soil (BCS) mixed with Lime and Iron ore Tailings (IOT) was evaluated through laboratory experiments. BCS treated with 0, 2, 4, 6, and 8 % Lime; 0, 2, 4, 6, 8, and 10 % IOT by dry weight of soil, followed by testing considering different energies. A regression model equation was developed after data testing, on laboratory determined results for probabilistic analysis using MiniTab R15 version, which was used as limit state equation, and integrated into a F'ORTRAN program, to predict safety indices (SI) for unconfined compressive strength (UCS), in the array of coefficient of variation (COV) between 10 and 100 %. Artificial Neural Network platform (ANN) was also carried out on same data set. The UCS increased with increase in both additives and elapse time.Reports from statistical study revealed a strong relationship between the UCS values and the soil independent parameters (lime L; iron ore tailings IOT; elapsed time ET; liquid limit LL; plasticity index PI; maximum dry density MDD; Optimum moisture content OMC, as well as Compactive effort CE) with determination coefficient R² = 87.7 %. SI values for PI (0.314–0.519) and MDD (0.0574–0.285), demonstrated more effect on the UCS values, with wide range variability in their SI values, followed by ET (0.259–0.347) and L (0.259–0.455) while LL (0.318–0.336), IOT (0.31–0.324), and OMC (0.318–0.319) demonstrated the least effect, with slight variability in their SI values with change in COV. Results of ANN recorded determination coefficient R² = 97.23 %, best validation performance of 12121.034 at epoch 10. Although, the documented findings did not meet the least regulatory value of 1.0 as mentioned by the Nordic Committee on Building Regulations at 10–100 % COV. The obtained SI for all the independent parameters recorded higher values when placed in comparison to the untreated soil, which indicate significant improvement of strength properties of the soil. Results obtained for treated soil at 2 h elapse time can use to model soil strength properties for dams or embankment applications under Heavy compaction energy.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100614,"journal":{"name":"Hybrid Advances","volume":"11 ","pages":"Article 100563"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145264866","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Alloy based hybrid nanofluid flow over a spinning vertical cone for enhanced heat transfer with radiative heat","authors":"Subhajit Panda ,&nbsp;P.K. Pattnaik ,&nbsp;Rupa Baithalu ,&nbsp;S.R. Mishra","doi":"10.1016/j.hybadv.2025.100553","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hybadv.2025.100553","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The enhanced thermal and mechanical properties of various machines are vital for the production processes in industries. In this context, alloy nanoparticles show their effective properties in enhancing heat transfer phenomena. In an advance, water-based titanium alloy (Ti₆Al₄V) combined with Aluminium alloy (AA7075) hybrid nanofluid flow along a spinning down vertical cone surrounded within a porous matrix is considered. The proposed grade five titanium alloy (Ti₆Al₄V) consisting of 90 % titanium (<em>Ti</em>), 6 % Aluminium (<em>Al</em>), and 4 % Vanadium (V) whereas the aluminium alloy (AA7075) consisting of 89.8–91.1 % of Aluminium (<em>Al</em>), 5.6–6.1 % of Zinc (<em>Zn</em>) 2.1–2.5 % of Magnesium (<em>Mg</em>), and 1.2–1.6 % Copper (<em>Cu</em>). Titanium alloy is known for its high strength, light weight, and excellent corrosion resistance, which is useful in aerospace, medical devices, high-performance engineering, etc. However, for high strength, good machinability mechanical properties, the AA7075 alloy is renowned. Further, these are useful in aerospace, marine industries, aircraft fitting, etc. The combined effect of radiative heat and external heat source also augments the thermal properties of the hybrid nanofluid. The model designed here is basically in dimensional form, and to make it adequate, standard transformations are adopted. Moreover, the solutions of reconstructed models are obtained numerically, and in particular “Runge-Kutta fourth-order shooting technique” is used. The constructive behaviour of the characterizing factors is deployed through graphs and also validated with earlier investigations. The important outcomes of the study are: both the fluid velocity and temperature profiles are enhanced with the increasing particle concentrations of the proposed nanoparticles, and again, the fluid velocity indicates a higher hike within the flow region for the elevating velocity slip parameter, but enhanced thermal slip attenuates the fluid temperature profile significantly.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100614,"journal":{"name":"Hybrid Advances","volume":"11 ","pages":"Article 100553"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145157073","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Utilization of poly-2-hydroxypropane-1,2,3-tricarboxylic carubin as a glidant in lactose granules","authors":"Wuryanto Hadinugroho,&nbsp;Stephanie Florencia Winarko,&nbsp;Echa Imanuela Sinta,&nbsp;Senny Yesery Esar,&nbsp;Jefri Prasetyo","doi":"10.1016/j.hybadv.2025.100549","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hybadv.2025.100549","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Poly-2-hydroxypropane-1,2,3-tricarboxylic carubin (P-2HTCb) has characteristics as a glidant similar to talc and magnesium stearate (MgSt), such as irregular shape, wavy surface, difficulty dissolving in water, and hydrophobicity. The experiment's purpose is to determine the effect and potential of P-2HTCb as a glidant in tablet dosage form with lactose granules (LG) as a filler model. The application of P-2HTCb as a glidant represents a novelty. P-2HTCb was used in each of mixture mass with contents of 0.5 %, 1 %, 2 %, and 4 %. Each mixture mass was tested for flow time, angle of repose, and Tap-Bulk, then tableted with a weight of 700 mg. The tablets were tested for hardness, friability, and disintegration time. Evaluation of the mixture mass with concentrations of 0.5 %, 1 %, 2 %, and 4 % for flow time 5.13–5.47 s; angle of repose 21.54–22.56^○; Tap-Bulk 0.070–0.078 g mL⁻¹; tablet weight 699.7–702.0 mg; tablet hardness 7.9–8.4 kp; Tablet friability 0.70–0.86 % and tablet disintegration time 0.52–1.63 min. The optimum concentration (2 %) improves the flow time and angle of repose of the mixture mass. Increasing the concentration of P-2HTCb causes the Tap-Bulk value of the mixture mass and tablet friability to decrease, but increases tablet hardness. The optimum concentration (1 %) provides the fastest disintegration time. P-2HTCb produces minimal dust when mixed with LG material. P-2HTCb can be recommended as an alternative glidant candidate in environmentally and health-friendly pharmaceutical formulations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100614,"journal":{"name":"Hybrid Advances","volume":"11 ","pages":"Article 100549"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145120831","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of silicon carbide on enhancing interfacial adhesion and mechanical properties of Kevlar-glass fiber hybrid composites","authors":"Sajjad Hossain,&nbsp;Md Shariful Islam,&nbsp;Md Ashraful Islam,&nbsp;Md Abdul Hasib,&nbsp;Md Seam Shaikh","doi":"10.1016/j.hybadv.2025.100534","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hybadv.2025.100534","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The potential of nanofillers to enhance mechanical properties and surface adhesion in fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP) composites has attracted much attention. This study explores the influence/effect of silicon carbide (SiC) nanoparticle reinforcement on the mechanical characteristics and interfacial adhesion of Kevlar-glass fiber hybrid epoxy composites. Glass and Kevlar fibers were combined in layers and strengthened with varying SiC concentrations (0 %, 1 %, 3 %, and 5 %). Tensile, flexural, impact, and hardness tests were among the mechanical evaluations that followed the hand layup method used to create the composites. Fiber-matrix interactions and fracture properties were assessed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The incorporation of SiC nanoparticles significantly influenced the mechanical performance of the composites. Compared to the unreinforced sample (0 % SiC), the addition of 1 % SiC resulted in notable improvements in tensile strength (from 130.57 MPa to 141.35 MPa), flexural strength (from 138.06 MPa to 152.00 MPa), and impact strength (from 20 J to 30 J). These enhancements were further amplified at 3 % SiC, which demonstrated the highest values across all measured mechanical properties tensile strength of 151.53 MPa, flexural strength of 168.09 MPa, and impact resistance of 40 J. However, a decline in mechanical performance was observed at 5 % SiC, likely due to nanoparticle agglomeration, which may have introduced voids and stress concentrations within the matrix. Swelling and water absorption tests showed a steady increase with SiC concentration, highlighting a trade-off between moisture sensitivity and mechanical improvement. These findings offer insights for enhancing SiC reinforcement in hybrid composites for high-performance applications in the aerospace, automotive, and structural sectors.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100614,"journal":{"name":"Hybrid Advances","volume":"11 ","pages":"Article 100534"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144826837","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tailoring nonlinear plasmonic response of ZnSe@Ag and ZnSe@Au core–shell nanocomposites: Role of shell thickness and host matrix permittivity","authors":"Shewa Getachew Mamo","doi":"10.1016/j.hybadv.2025.100562","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hybadv.2025.100562","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study presents a comprehensive theoretical and numerical investigation of the local field enhancement factor(LFEF) and optical bistability (OB) in zinc selenide (ZnSe)-based core–shell nanocomposites (NCs), aiming to advance their application in tunable plasmonic and photonic devices. The nanostructures are modeled as spherical ZnSe dielectric cores surrounded by metallic shells composed of either silver (Ag) or gold (Au), and embedded in various dielectric matrices including silicon dioxide (<span><math><mrow><mi>S</mi><mi>i</mi><msub><mrow><mi>O</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></msub></mrow></math></span>), zinc oxide (ZnO), and hafnium dioxide (<span><math><mrow><mi>H</mi><mi>F</mi><msub><mrow><mi>O</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></msub></mrow></math></span>) each characterized by different dielectric permittivities. Utilizing the quasi-static approximation and Lorentz–Drude formalism, we explore how variations in shell thickness (controlled by the core-to-total radius ratio) influence both the spectral and nonlinear optical responses. The results demonstrate that thicker metal shells yield stronger LFEF’s due to enhanced plasmonic confinement, especially for Ag shells, which outperform Au due to their lower damping and higher conductivity. In terms of the dielectric environment, low-permittivity matrices like <span><math><mrow><mi>S</mi><mi>i</mi><msub><mrow><mi>O</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></msub></mrow></math></span> support stronger field localization, while high-permittivity matrices such as <span><math><mrow><mi>H</mi><mi>F</mi><msub><mrow><mi>O</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></msub></mrow></math></span> weaken plasmonic confinement and induce a redshift in resonance peaks. Nonlinear analysis reveals that thicker shells and low-index matrices significantly enhance OB effects by lowering the switching thresholds, particularly in silver-coated systems. These findings underscore the pivotal role of shell geometry and dielectric surroundings in tailoring both linear and nonlinear plasmonic responses and provide valuable guidelines for designing NCs optimized for applications in optical sensing, photonic switching, and nano-enabled information processing.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100614,"journal":{"name":"Hybrid Advances","volume":"11 ","pages":"Article 100562"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145264867","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"BSA adsorption, antibiofilm and antifouling studies of N-tert-amylacrylamide based hydrogels","authors":"Krishnasami Jayanthi ,&nbsp;Periyasamy Pazhanisamy ,&nbsp;Kasi Chithra ,&nbsp;William Shanthi ,&nbsp;Arumugam Venkatesan ,&nbsp;Dhurairaj Satheesh","doi":"10.1016/j.hybadv.2025.100508","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hybadv.2025.100508","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;&lt;div&gt;Because of their special qualities—such as their high water content, softness, flexibility, and biocompatibility—hydrogels have grown in popularity. Hydrogels can be created by physically or chemically cross-linking hydrophilic polymers, both natural and manufactured. Because of their similarity to live tissue, they have a wide range of potential uses in the biomedical field. Hydrogels are being utilized in the production of wound dressings, tissue engineering scaffolds, contact lenses, hygiene products, and medication delivery systems. Polymer crosslinking can be used to create hydrogels. Using free-radical copolymerization of N-&lt;em&gt;tert&lt;/em&gt;-amyl acrylamide (NTA), acrylamide AM, and maleic acid (MA)/N-iso-propyl acrylamide (NIPAM)/acrylic acid (Ac) as monomers in a methanol/water mixture (3:1 ratio) at 60 °C, we created the N-&lt;em&gt;tert&lt;/em&gt;-amylacrylamide base hydrogels (HG1-HG4, HG13-HG16, and HG25-HG28) in this study. FT-IR, PXRD, SEM-EDX, and TGA studies were used to characterise the produced hydrogels. The synthesized hydrogels' BSA adsorption was examined at varied pH values and with varying concentrations of MA, NIPAM, and Ac. PXRD, SEM, and TGA were also used to compare hydrogels before and after BSA adsorption. Protein adsorption results from hydrogel surfaces' ability to soak in liquids. Research on the adsorption of BSA in hydrogels revealed that the highest adsorption occurred at pH 5.0, which is near the BSA's isoelectric point (IEP). When MA, NIPAM, and Ac were the third monomers, the BSA adsorption amounts at pH 5.0 were 116.4 mg/g, 129.4 mg/g, and 112.0 mg/g, respectively. At 129.4 mg/g, the poly(NTA-co-AM/NIPAM) hydrogel exhibited the highest BSA adsorption. Sharpened peaks were visible in the XRD, fewer holes were visible in the SEM pictures, and a different breakdown temperature was indicated by the TGA. BSA adsorption was enhanced and conformed by all of these methods. They also showed that following protein adsorption, the hydrogels' amorphous character diminished. Using the MTP assay, the antibiofilm behaviour of hydrogels was investigated in vitro. The hydrogels resisted the biofilm formed by Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus in vitro because of their anionic nature and hydrophilia, which increases their swelling capacity. When MA, NIPAM, Ac, and AMPSNa were the third monomer, the synthesized hydrogels' IC50 values were 24.98 μg/mL, 27.15 μg/mL, 25.06 μg/mL, and 20.45 μg/mL against S. aureus and 46.78 μg/mL, 48.16 μg/mL, 47.72 μg/mL, and 46.64 μg/mL against P. auregiosa, respectively. Because of its ionic nature and greater hydrophilicity, poly(NTA-co-AM/AMPSNa) hydrogel exhibits a stronger inhibition. The nature of biofilm inhibition was further demonstrated by SEM and fluorescence microscopy. The antibiofouling property against the marine alga &lt;em&gt;Ulva Lactuca&lt;/em&gt; was evaluated &lt;em&gt;invitro&lt;/em&gt; and this property was due to hydrogen bonding which forms the energy barrier for the spores to get atta","PeriodicalId":100614,"journal":{"name":"Hybrid Advances","volume":"11 ","pages":"Article 100508"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144366863","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cattaneo-Christov heat transfer method on free convective three-dimensional flow with periodic permeability","authors":"Muhammad Usama Arshad ,&nbsp;AliB.M. Ali ,&nbsp;M. Huzaifa Yaseen ,&nbsp;Dana Mohammad Khidhir ,&nbsp;Nadia Batool","doi":"10.1016/j.hybadv.2025.100536","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hybadv.2025.100536","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigates the influence of the Cattaneo-Christov heat transfer model on the free convective flow of an incompressible viscous fluid through a highly porous material. A key consideration is the periodic permeability of the porous medium, while the free stream velocity is assumed to remain steady. The energy equation is formulated by incorporating the Cattaneo-Christov heat transfer model, which enables the estimation of the impact of heat relaxation time on the developing boundary layer. The inherent variation in the porous material's permeability gives rise to three-dimensional flow phenomena, in contrast to two-dimensional flows observed with constant or time-dependent permeability. To address the complexity of the governing highly nonlinear partial differential equations (PDEs), a systematic perturbation method is employed. This approach effectively linearizes the system, yielding a set of linear ordinary differential equations (ODEs) and certain linear PDEs. Subsequently, the method of separation of variables is applied to transform these linear PDEs into a further set of ODEs. Analytical solutions are then derived for key physical parameters, including the velocity field, temperature distribution, pressure, and skin friction components. The research culminates in a comprehensive examination of the effects of various physical parameters such as Reynolds number, Prandtle number and Grashof numbers on these derived quantities, with the results visually presented and discussed in detail.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100614,"journal":{"name":"Hybrid Advances","volume":"11 ","pages":"Article 100536"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144841434","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}