hLife最新文献

{"title":"One Health surveillance of bat virome in mainland Southeast Asia and adjacent regions","authors":"Jing Li ,&nbsp;Fengjuan Tian ,&nbsp;Rong Xiang ,&nbsp;Sen Zhang ,&nbsp;Shuo Ma ,&nbsp;Yong Zhao ,&nbsp;Tengcheng Que ,&nbsp;Shousheng Li ,&nbsp;Yav Sothea ,&nbsp;Jing Li ,&nbsp;Jiafu Jiang ,&nbsp;Yigang Tong","doi":"10.1016/j.hlife.2025.10.008","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hlife.2025.10.008","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Bats are critical viral reservoirs that harbor viromes with high cross-species transmission risks, yet their virome diversity in the mainland Southeast Asia and adjacent regions remains underexplored. Here, we characterized the bat viromes from 659 samples (197 individuals, 16 species) from Yunnan province and Guangxi Zhuang autonomous region, China, as well as from Cambodia, using next-generation sequencing (NGS). RNA sequencing, viral classification, phylogenetic analyses, and deep learning-based host adaptability analysis were performed to reveal the viral composition and cross-species transmission risks. We identified 137 viral strains, including 40 novel species spanning 18 families. Viral richness was highest in Vespertilionidae bats (12 viral families found) along China's southwestern border, where Middle Eastern respiratory syndrome (MERS)-like coronavirus (CoV) was found. Cambodian bat viruses were evolutionarily more distant from those of known viruses. A porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV)-related CoV was found in Cambodia, showing 90.36% genome homology with PEDV CV777 and exhibiting recombinant features between Suidae-adapted <em>ORF1ab</em> and Chiroptera-adapted <em>Spike</em> genes, suggesting that bats are the evolutionary source of PEDV. These findings illuminate the undercharacterized bat viral diversity in biogeographic transition zones and highlight the mainland Southeast Asia and adjacent regions as a hotspot for CoV recombination. We advocate for enhanced One Health-aligned surveillance targeting viral recombination hotspots and human–bat interfaces in this ecologically critical region.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100609,"journal":{"name":"hLife","volume":"4 2","pages":"Pages 107-122"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147413189","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dual strategies for durable antibodies against SARS-CoV-2: Immune trajectories and viral fitness constraints","authors":"Pengyue Gao ,&nbsp;Linh Nguyen ,&nbsp;André Costa Lobato ,&nbsp;George Fu Gao ,&nbsp;Zhou Tong","doi":"10.1016/j.hlife.2025.10.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hlife.2025.10.002","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":100609,"journal":{"name":"hLife","volume":"4 2","pages":"Pages 123-126"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147413191","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Interplay between bacteria and pulmonary immune system in respiratory infections","authors":"Jiaqi Li ,&nbsp;Letong Yang ,&nbsp;Xiwen Qin ,&nbsp;Min Zhao ,&nbsp;Shuo Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.hlife.2025.09.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hlife.2025.09.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The local immune system of the lungs is essential for the defense against pathogens, and respiratory bacterial infections remain a major cause of mortality in patients with lower respiratory tract diseases. However, the precise mechanisms underlying immune–pathogen interactions and the modulatory roles of commensal bacteria remain incompletely understood. This review discusses the mechanisms of immune recognition and inflammatory responses during bacterial respiratory bacterial infections, highlighting the importance of pattern recognition receptors, including toll-like receptors, nucleotide oligomerization domain-like receptors, and C-type lectin receptors in detecting pathogens and triggering immune signaling pathways. We also explore how commensal bacteria influence the respiratory immune microenvironment and discuss the complex interplay among pathogenic bacteria, commensals, and the host pulmonary immune system. This analysis provides a theoretical foundation for the development of targeted therapeutics against bacterial respiratory infections.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100609,"journal":{"name":"hLife","volume":"4 1","pages":"Pages 3-15"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145872151","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Aging and human endogenous retroviruses","authors":"Chen-Ze Xu ,&nbsp;Fan Zhu ,&nbsp;Jie Cui","doi":"10.1016/j.hlife.2025.07.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hlife.2025.07.002","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":100609,"journal":{"name":"hLife","volume":"4 1","pages":"Pages 16-19"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145872152","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Longitudinal analysis identifies bystander-activated innate cytotoxic CD8+ T cells as predictors and therapeutic biomarkers for acute graft-versus-host disease","authors":"Yinchun Chen ,&nbsp;Ruiqing Zhou ,&nbsp;Limei Zhong ,&nbsp;Haimei Deng ,&nbsp;Jun Yu ,&nbsp;Huijuan Wang ,&nbsp;Xiaotao Jiang ,&nbsp;Wenjian Mo ,&nbsp;Shunqing Wang ,&nbsp;Yufeng Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.hlife.2025.10.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hlife.2025.10.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Accurate prediction and monitoring of acute graft-versus-host disease (aGVHD) remain challenging in allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) as current diagnostic approaches rely on symptomatic presentation. Therefore, this study sought to identify predictive biomarkers and therapeutic targets for aGVHD through longitudinal immune monitoring and mechanistic investigations. In this study, peripheral blood samples were collected weekly for 100 days from a group of 115 allo-HSCT recipients. CD38⁺HLA-DR⁺CD8⁺ T (activated CD8⁺ T) cells were analyzed using the t-distributed stochastic neighbor embedding (t-SNE) algorithm for high-dimensional data visualization and population identification. Clinical data integration was used to assess biomarker utility. Mechanistic studies included interleukin-15 (IL-15) stimulation, signaling pathway inhibition, cytotoxicity assays, and xenogeneic GVHD modeling with anti-CD38 (daratumumab) intervention. Our results revealed that sustained elevation of activated CD8⁺ T cells (&gt; 36.6%) within the first month post-transplantation predicted aGVHD onset with high accuracy (AUC = 0.84, <em>P</em> &lt; 0.001). Cell frequency dynamically correlated with treatment outcome, decreasing substantially in responders. Mechanistically, IL-15 drove T-cell receptor (TCR)-independent cytotoxicity <em>via</em> PI3K/mTOR activation, mediated by natural killer group 2D (NKG2D) and major histocompatibility complex class I chain related proteins A (MIC-α) interactions, validated by reduced K562 cell lysis following antibody blockade. In an 8–10-week-old NSG mouse model for xenogeneic transplantation, treatment with daratumumab (5 mg/kg) effectively lowered histopathological damage and increased survival. In conclusion, activated CD8⁺ T cells can serve as dual-purpose biomarkers for early aGVHD prediction and treatment monitoring. Their IL-15-driven cytotoxicity represents a targetable pathway, with daratumumab demonstrating therapeutic efficacy.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100609,"journal":{"name":"hLife","volume":"4 1","pages":"Pages 20-40"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145872153","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"From “Three” to all—A new chapter for hLife","authors":"George Fu Gao","doi":"10.1016/j.hlife.2025.12.007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hlife.2025.12.007","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":100609,"journal":{"name":"hLife","volume":"4 1","pages":"Pages 1-2"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145872239","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"PGRP-SC–mediated innate immune memory against pathogenic bacteria in Drosophila","authors":"Zihao Deng ,&nbsp;Jiazhen Luo ,&nbsp;Yufu Zhang ,&nbsp;Chen Li ,&nbsp;Shixin Deng ,&nbsp;Jiazhi He ,&nbsp;Zihao He ,&nbsp;Wenqi Wu ,&nbsp;Renjie Jiao ,&nbsp;Jiyong Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.hlife.2025.09.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hlife.2025.09.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Trained immunity is essential for innate immune cells to retain a memory of previously encountered pathogens, strengthening the hosts’ response against these pathogens. However, the mechanisms governing trained immunity have not been well elucidated. In this study, flies of different genotypes were trained with heat-killed gram-negative (G⁻) bacteria and subsequently reinfected with live pathogens. The innate immune responses against reinfection were evaluated through assessments of survival rates, antimicrobial peptide expression levels, and bacterial loads, complemented by transcriptomic and chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) analyses. We found that flies trained with heat-killed gram-negative bacteria exhibited a higher survival rate upon secondary infection compared to unprimed flies, which was associated with increased expression of antimicrobial peptides. Priming with G⁻ bacteria increased the sensitivity of the immune deficiency pathway to a second bacterial infection owing to lower levels of peptidoglycan recognition protein SC (PGRP-SC) after the first infection. The gut was the major tissue involved in the downregulation of PGRP-SC expression. The histone H3 lysine 9 trimethylation (H3K9me3) levels were higher at the <em>PGRP-SC</em> loci in immune-trained flies compared to untrained flies, contributing to the suppression of PGRP-SC expression. PGRP-SC overexpression in the fly gut abolished the effect of trained immunity. Taken together, our studies identify an innate immune memory in <em>Drosophila</em> that is regulated by gut-derived PGRP-SC through H3K9me3-mediated epigenetic repression of the <em>PGRP-SC</em>.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100609,"journal":{"name":"hLife","volume":"4 1","pages":"Pages 41-55"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145872154","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Associations of twelve DNA methylation algorithms of aging with mortality","authors":"Hui Zhang ,&nbsp;Darong Hao ,&nbsp;Yulu Gong ,&nbsp;Yaqian Xu ,&nbsp;Chongyu Ding ,&nbsp;Jing Wang ,&nbsp;Tongyan An ,&nbsp;Yining Liu ,&nbsp;Qiming Yin ,&nbsp;Tianlang Tong ,&nbsp;Xiangwei Li","doi":"10.1016/j.hlife.2025.05.010","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hlife.2025.05.010","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":100609,"journal":{"name":"hLife","volume":"4 1","pages":"Pages 56-58"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145872155","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Increasing priority for antifungal resistance research—Are we making progress? An excerpt from GAMRIF summit 2025","authors":"Chibuike Ibe","doi":"10.1016/j.hlife.2025.09.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hlife.2025.09.004","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":100609,"journal":{"name":"hLife","volume":"4 1","pages":"Pages 59-62"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145872156","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mighty oaks from little acorns: High-quality genomes of underrepresented populations enhance health equity in precision medicine","authors":"Mengge Wang ,&nbsp;Lintao Luo ,&nbsp;Hui-Yuan Yeh ,&nbsp;Chuan-Chao Wang ,&nbsp;Huijun Yuan ,&nbsp;Chao Liu ,&nbsp;Renkuan Tang ,&nbsp;Guanglin He","doi":"10.1016/j.hlife.2025.05.014","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hlife.2025.05.014","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":100609,"journal":{"name":"hLife","volume":"3 12","pages":"Pages 621-625"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145772009","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}