hLife最新文献 - Book学术

Diagnostics for human pathogenic fungal infections: Current status and future prospects 人类致病性真菌感染的诊断：现状和未来展望

hLife Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.hlife.2025.11.005

Xinhua Huang , Munika Moses , Lu Nie , Ernest Apondi Wandera , Changbin Chen

{"title":"Diagnostics for human pathogenic fungal infections: Current status and future prospects","authors":"Xinhua Huang , Munika Moses , Lu Nie , Ernest Apondi Wandera , Changbin Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.hlife.2025.11.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hlife.2025.11.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Human fungal infections represent a rapidly emerging global health threat, especially threatening immunocompromised populations, highlighting the urgent need for accurate and timely diagnostic approaches to reduce morbidity and mortality. This review synthesizes recent advances in diagnostic methodologies, including serological assays, point-of-care diagnostics, polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based and sequencing technologies, as well as artificial intelligence (AI)- and machine learning (ML)-powered tools. Emerging diagnostic approaches have demonstrated notable improvements in detection accuracy, turnaround time, and antifungal resistance profiling capabilities, especially for drug-resistant strains. Nevertheless, substantial challenges persist in terms of standardization, scalability, cost-effectiveness, and implementation, particularly in resource-constrained settings. Future efforts should be directed toward the continuous innovation of rapid, sensitive, and multiplex diagnostic platforms for the simultaneous detection of fungi, bacteria, and viruses. Such advances may accelerate result acquisition, enhance diagnostic accuracy, support the development of more targeted therapeutic strategies, and ultimately improve clinical outcomes for patients.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100609,"journal":{"name":"hLife","volume":"4 3","pages":"Pages 135-164"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147420488","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Pan-prediction of major histocompatibility complex class II–restricted epitopes across species via an AlphaFold-based quantification scheme 基于alphafold的定量方案对物种间主要组织相容性复合体ii类限制性表位的泛预测

hLife Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.hlife.2025.10.005

Suqiu Wang , Lingming Kong , Dongmei Hu , Liangzhen Zheng , Caiyi Fei , Liubao Du , Ziche Tang , Malgorzata A. Garstka , Onur Serçinoğlu , Lifeng Zhang , Sheng Wang , Shi Xu , Hanchun Yang , Nianzhi Zhang

{"title":"Pan-prediction of major histocompatibility complex class II–restricted epitopes across species via an AlphaFold-based quantification scheme","authors":"Suqiu Wang , Lingming Kong , Dongmei Hu , Liangzhen Zheng , Caiyi Fei , Liubao Du , Ziche Tang , Malgorzata A. Garstka , Onur Serçinoğlu , Lifeng Zhang , Sheng Wang , Shi Xu , Hanchun Yang , Nianzhi Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.hlife.2025.10.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hlife.2025.10.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The high polymorphism of histocompatibility complex class II (MHC-II) alleles and limited immunopeptidomic data hinder pan-species epitope prediction. In this study, leveraging the predictive power of AlphaFold (AF) and the conserved structural features of the core region of MHC-II–binding peptides, derived from a comprehensive analysis of MHC-II structure data in the PDB database, we developed a new tool, AF-prediction (AF-pred), with explicit quantitative criteria for MHC-II–restricted epitope prediction. We validated AF-pred across human, porcine, bovine, and bat MHC-II molecules through large-scale <em>in silico</em> analyses using known immunopeptidome datasets (1000 positive and 1000 negative antigenic peptides), together with <em>in vitro</em> binding assays and crystallographic characterization of newly predicted epitopes. Using uncharacterized bat MHC-II structures, we demonstrated that AF-pred’s amino-acid interaction prediction underpins its pan-prediction capability and the underlying rationale of the method. Conversely, this characteristic limits the prediction of atypical MHC-II peptide-binding modes. Compared with sequence-based tools, AF-pred demonstrates enhanced cross-species MHC-II binding prediction, with higher accuracy and interpretability, and further reveals that iterative AF updates improve AF-pred performance. AF-pred has the potential to facilitate the development of novel T-cell epitope vaccines and advance the “One Health” initiative.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100609,"journal":{"name":"hLife","volume":"4 3","pages":"Pages 186-204"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147420491","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Risk prediction model of postoperative infection after transplantation 移植术后感染风险预测模型

hLife Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-09-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.hlife.2025.09.002

Qijing Gao , Yani Wu , Ruiheng Peng , Jin-An Zhou , Ruolin Tao , Lingxiang Kong , Lan Zhu , Shaohua Song , Wenjun Shang , Turun Song , Liping Guo , Sijun Wang , Yahui Huang , Haili Bao , Zhiren Fu , Lin Zhong , Gang Chen , Jie Zhao , Jiayin Yang , Wenzhi Guo , Ning-Ning Liu

引用次数: 0

Move without moving: Kidney-produced betaine mimics exercise to slow aging 不动就动：肾脏产生的甜菜碱模仿运动来延缓衰老

hLife Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-06-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.hlife.2025.06.007

Yue Li , Xinxin Tang , Yinkun Fu , Ming He

引用次数: 0

Berberine alleviates radiation-induced lung injury by promoting microbiota-derived inosine via the gut–lung axis 小檗碱通过促进肠道-肺轴微生物来源的肌苷来减轻辐射引起的肺损伤

hLife Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.hlife.2025.12.006

Shuyuan Wang , Siyuan Huai , Zhen Yuan , Tiannan Ji , Yinmei Xu , Yifan Ren , Niansong Qian , Shengjie Sun , Jianxiong Li

{"title":"Berberine alleviates radiation-induced lung injury by promoting microbiota-derived inosine via the gut–lung axis","authors":"Shuyuan Wang , Siyuan Huai , Zhen Yuan , Tiannan Ji , Yinmei Xu , Yifan Ren , Niansong Qian , Shengjie Sun , Jianxiong Li","doi":"10.1016/j.hlife.2025.12.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hlife.2025.12.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Radiation-induced lung injury (RILI) is a common complication of radiotherapy. Although berberine (BBR) has been suggested to be associated with reduced RILI incidence, the underlying mechanisms remain unknown. Here, we investigated whether the gut microbiota mediates the radioprotective effects of BBR using a C57BL/6 RILI mouse model with 20 Gy thoracic irradiation (<em>n</em> = 6 per group). BBR (100 mg/kg) and inosine (INO, 300 mg/kg) were administered orally <em>in vivo</em>. Antibiotic depletion and fecal microbiota transplantation were performed to assess microbiota dependence. Lung injury was assessed by histology, pulmonary function, and cytokine levels. Gut microbiota was analyzed by 16S rRNA sequencing, and metabolites were profiled using LC-MS/MS. Transcriptomic and epigenomic alterations were assessed by RNA sequencing, ATAC sequencing, and CUT&Tag analysis. Molecular docking and surface plasmon resonance were used to assess metabolite–protein interactions. We demonstrated that BBR alleviated RILI in a microbiota-dependent manner. BBR increased <em>Akkermansia muciniphila</em> abundance and metabolite INO levels. Mechanistically, INO was associated with reduced neuron navigator 3 (NAV3) expression, accompanied by decreased chromatin accessibility and increased histone H3 lysine 27 trimethylation (H3K27me3) at the <em>NAV3</em> locus. Together, these findings reveal a gut microbiota–mediated mechanism underlying BBR-mediated protection against RILI, and suggest microbiota-informed biomarkers for risk stratification.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100609,"journal":{"name":"hLife","volume":"4 3","pages":"Pages 165-185"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147420490","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Decoding influenza virus: From polymerase mechanisms to translational therapeutics 解码流感病毒：从聚合酶机制到转化疗法

hLife Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.hlife.2025.12.003

Tao Deng , George Fu Gao , Stephen Cusack , Mark von Itzstein , Ervin Fodor , Jonathan Grimes , Aartjan J.W. te Velthuis

引用次数: 0

Migrasome-driven mitocytosis relieves mitochondrial damage induced by chikungunya virus TF and 6K 迁移小体驱动的有丝分裂可减轻基孔肯雅病毒TF和6K诱导的线粒体损伤

hLife Pub Date : 2026-02-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.hlife.2025.12.002

Shengnan Wang , Dan Zhang , Leiliang Zhang

{"title":"Migrasome-driven mitocytosis relieves mitochondrial damage induced by chikungunya virus TF and 6K","authors":"Shengnan Wang , Dan Zhang , Leiliang Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.hlife.2025.12.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hlife.2025.12.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) infection induces the formation of migrasomes, yet their specific role in CHIKV pathogenesis remains unclear. This study explores the mechanisms underlying mitochondrial damage induced by CHIKV 181 clone 25 (CHIKV 181/25) and the role of migrasomes in mitigating this damage. Using cultured cell lines, we assessed the impact of CHIKV infection on mitochondrial integrity and function, with particular emphasis on the viroporin proteins transframe (TF) and 6K. We utilized fluorescence microscopy and transmission electron microscopy to visualize the interplay between migrasome formation and damaged mitochondria. Additionally, calcium imaging assays were conducted to evaluate intracellular calcium levels, and RNA sequencing was performed to examine gene expression. Our results demonstrated that CHIKV infection leads to mitochondrial damage, mediated by the action of TF and 6K. Notably, migrasomes induced by nonstructural protein 1 (nsP1) effectively clearing impaired mitochondria through mitocytosis. Furthermore, we identified the arginine residue R37 within the viroporin proteins of CHIKV as crucial for inducing mitochondrial damage through elevated intracellular calcium levels. Importantly, R37 within TF from other alphaviruses is also critical for mitochondrial damage. In conclusion, our findings elucidate the complex interplay between CHIKV and mitochondrial dysfunction, positioning migrasomes as potential mediators in alleviating CHIKV-induced mitochondrial damage.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100609,"journal":{"name":"hLife","volume":"4 2","pages":"Pages 92-106"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147413190","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Metal–organic framework: Nobel recognition of an artificial periodic porous platform 金属有机骨架：人造周期性多孔平台的诺贝尔奖

hLife Pub Date : 2026-02-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.hlife.2025.12.004

Xubo Fang , Mo Zhang , Jiahui Guo , Weiwei Wu , Kenichi Otake , Ming-Shui Yao

引用次数: 0

Genetics of protein structures 蛋白质结构的遗传学

hLife Pub Date : 2026-02-01 Epub Date: 2025-11-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.hlife.2025.10.001

Jia-huai Wang

引用次数: 0

Rabies virus glycoprotein: Structure, function, and antivirals 狂犬病毒糖蛋白：结构、功能和抗病毒药物

hLife Pub Date : 2026-02-01 Epub Date: 2025-06-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.hlife.2025.06.003

Yu You , Fanli Yang , Sheng Lin, Zimin Chen, Siqi Shu, Yueru Yu, Bin He, Yu Cao, Guangwen Lu

{"title":"Rabies virus glycoprotein: Structure, function, and antivirals","authors":"Yu You , Fanli Yang , Sheng Lin, Zimin Chen, Siqi Shu, Yueru Yu, Bin He, Yu Cao, Guangwen Lu","doi":"10.1016/j.hlife.2025.06.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hlife.2025.06.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Rabies, a persistent and historic global zoonosis, continues to impose a significant public health burden, particularly in resource-limited regions. The causative agent, rabies virus (RABV; genus <em>Lyssavirus</em>, family Rhabdoviridae), possesses a surface glycoprotein (G) that is pivotal for virus entry and pathogenesis. Rabies virus glycoprotein (RABV-G) mediates binding to host cell receptor(s) and acidic-pH-dependent membrane fusion, enabling the release of RNA genome into the host cytoplasm. It is also the main target for neutralizing antibodies and the major component of rabies vaccines. In this review, we systematically summarize the structural features, functional mechanisms, and antiviral targeting strategies of RABV-G, emphasizing recent structural insights into its conformational dynamics. Key neutralizing epitopes and their recognition by monoclonal antibodies are discussed, along with antiviral strategies, including entry inhibitors, antibody therapies, and advanced vaccine platforms. Accumulating structural analyses indicate that the pH-dependent and reversible conformational transitions of this class III viral fusion protein underlie both viral infectivity and vulnerability to immune intervention. Collectively, available data establish that neutralizing epitopes on RABV-G are conformationally defined and dynamically regulated during fusion, thereby constraining viral entry and dictating the effectiveness of antibody- and entry inhibitor–mediated neutralization. Together, these findings establish RABV-G as the primary determinant of rabies virus virulence and immune control. By exploring the structural framework and prospective treatment modalities, we aim to enhance our understanding of rabies virus, particularly the glycoprotein G, and support ongoing initiatives to alleviate the burden of rabies, offering renewed optimism in the battle against this formidable infectious disease.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100609,"journal":{"name":"hLife","volume":"4 2","pages":"Pages 67-86"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147413188","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0