FirePhysChem最新文献

{"title":"Multi-hole grid thruster plume simulation model based on single grid aperture analytical model","authors":"Ziping Wang ,&nbsp;Daoman Han ,&nbsp;Guangqing Xia ,&nbsp;Yipeng Fan ,&nbsp;Chang Lu ,&nbsp;Bin Sun ,&nbsp;Chong Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.fpc.2024.03.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fpc.2024.03.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This paper presents a plume divergence angle prediction model for ion thruster. Firstly, an analytical model using Gaussian distribution for single grid hole plume is proposed. The parameters of this single hole model are obtained from the particle simulation results of ion optics which utilizes the immersed finite element Particle-in-cell Monte Carlo collision (IFE-PIC-MCC) method. Then, by the extension of the single hole model, a three-dimensional plume model for the whole ion optics is proposed. This plume model can be used to predict the divergence angle of ion thruster plume. Finally, a numerical example with the simulation of a 217-hole ion optics is provided to demonstrate the features of the proposed method.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100531,"journal":{"name":"FirePhysChem","volume":"4 2","pages":"Pages 177-183"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2667134424000129/pdfft?md5=712afd3e4c44a9c2c3de9cb402db98d8&pid=1-s2.0-S2667134424000129-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140283004","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Recent application of porous materials in explosives: A mini-review","authors":"Junzhuo Li ,&nbsp;Yuanjing Wang ,&nbsp;Kaifeng Lin ,&nbsp;Yiming Luo","doi":"10.1016/j.fpc.2024.03.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fpc.2024.03.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Nowadays, porous structures have exhibited many novel characteristics in the microstructure design of energetic materials, which possesses a unique impact on the macroscopic properties of energetic materials, and thus have exhibited a wide range of application prospects. In this review, several typical porous structures were introduced from the aspects of synthesis, performance and structure, and the main research progress of porous structures applied to the design of energetic materials in recent years was reviewed. Specifically, this article discussed the impact of nanopores, ordered structures and high specific surface areas on the safety and energy release of typical energetic materials, and focused on research area including the explosive adsorption and detection, new host-guest explosives, and new porous energetic materials. At the end of the review, an outlook and discussion were provided on the development trend of the combination of porous structure and explosives.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100531,"journal":{"name":"FirePhysChem","volume":"4 3","pages":"Pages 264-275"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2667134424000099/pdfft?md5=f442f3a78fddd6b1ff2866ff2c771e36&pid=1-s2.0-S2667134424000099-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140272195","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Novel approach for preparation of the energy-safety balanced cocrystals of attractive nitramines via coagglomeration","authors":"Veerabhadragouda B Patil,&nbsp;Svatopluk Zeman","doi":"10.1016/j.fpc.2024.03.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fpc.2024.03.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Co-agglomeration unique crystal engineering approach; in which the co-precipitated micro-particles of nitramines with other energetic materials co-agglomerated by the slurry method; to modify the energetic properties of attractive nitramines like CL20, HMX, BCHMX, and RDX etc. The interesting properties and structural modifications in newly prepared co-agglomerated crystals (CACs) interesting one are discussed here. There are notable variations in the crystal morphologies and packing of crystals, including key properties like relatively high density, melting point, impact sensitivity, and detonation properties. These CACs are in the overwhelming and majority showing properties like co-crystals. Apart from these aspects, co-agglomeration provides a huge opportunity to tune the key properties and performance of existing energetic materials and is easy to scale-up for the industrial level. These preliminary results also suggest that chemical engineering factors are involved in the preparation of CACs and have tremendous improvements than the conventional crystallization. With technological optimization this method can be employable industrial scale production.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100531,"journal":{"name":"FirePhysChem","volume":"4 4","pages":"Pages 283-294"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2667134424000117/pdfft?md5=d5ca4e36bb7e36748060a06353b151e7&pid=1-s2.0-S2667134424000117-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140274381","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Combustion features of dispersed aluminum and boron in high-energy composition","authors":"Alexander G. Korotkikh ,&nbsp;Daniil V. Teplov ,&nbsp;Ivan V. Sorokin","doi":"10.1016/j.fpc.2024.03.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fpc.2024.03.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Combustion of dispersed metals in an oxidizing environment is of practical interest, which is related to the prediction of characteristics of high-energy compositions (HECs) containing metal powders, as well as the characteristics of various propulsion systems and gas generators. The research studies peculiarities of ignition and combustion of dispersed systems of Al, B and Al-B mixture in gas products formed during thermal decomposition and combustion of HEC components. In the study of the characteristics of ignition and combustion, the development of flame processes, a continuous CO₂ laser (high-speed radiant heating) and a continuous-pressure flow bomb (stationary combustion), including the filter system for the capture of condensed combustion products (CCPs) were applied. It was found that the high reactivity of dispersed Al reduces the ignition time and increases the burning rate of HECs, and increases the volume fraction of fine condensed particles. The use of amorphous B or Al-B mixture (17.2/82.8 mass ratio) increases the ignition time (up to 62%) and significantly reduces the burning rate of HECs, at the same time, the volume share of large CCPs increases due to the melting of the oxide layer on the surface of B particles and their increased cohesion. Analysis of CCPs showed that fine and large agglomerate particles were formed on the surface of the reactive HEC layer, which contain oxides of the metals used. When Al particles are burned together with B particles, complex oxides (aluminum borates) can be formed.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100531,"journal":{"name":"FirePhysChem","volume":"4 4","pages":"Pages 277-282"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2667134424000105/pdfft?md5=c3f15a50538a6c82acbaa59fdff5b8a1&pid=1-s2.0-S2667134424000105-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140090369","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Combustion of iron particles in solid propellants at elevated pressure","authors":"James C. Thomas,&nbsp;Gavin D. Lukasik,&nbsp;Felix A. Rodriguez,&nbsp;Waruna D. Kulatilaka,&nbsp;Eric L. Petersen","doi":"10.1016/j.fpc.2024.02.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fpc.2024.02.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Metal fuels, such as aluminum (Al) and iron (Fe), can be added to composite solid propellants to improve their performance, such as specific impulse, density, and burning rate. In comparison to aluminum, iron can theoretically provide improved density specific impulse and higher flame temperatures; reduce condensed combustion product (CCP) concentration and the associated two-phase flow losses; and eliminate hydrochloric acid (HCl) in the exhaust products. A fundamental and quantitative understanding of metal particle aggregation and agglomeration processes in solid propellants is required to understand the underlying combustion mechanisms in these systems. In the current study, composite strand and laminate AP/HTPB/AP propellant samples loaded with Fe microparticles (<span><math><mo>∼</mo></math></span>45 <span><math><mrow><mi>μ</mi></mrow></math></span>m in diameter) were burned at elevated pressures in an optically accessible strand bomb. Combustion processes were monitored with transient pressure diagnostics and a high-speed camera fitted with a high-magnification lens system (3.83 <span><math><mrow><mi>μ</mi></mrow></math></span>m/pixel resolution) for the laminate propellant experiments. An automated image processing algorithm was developed to measure burning rates and ejected particle/agglomerate sizes and velocities. Time-resolved statistical distributions of both particle size and velocity are presented at elevated pressure for multiple laminate propellant experiments with a high degree of repeatability and low measurement error estimated as &lt; <span><math><mo>±</mo></math></span>5% and &lt; <span><math><mo>±</mo></math></span>1.5% for particle size and velocity, respectively. The incorporation of iron microparticles into the composite strand propellants yielded over a 20% increase in the global burning rate over the range of pressures evaluated (3.45–13.8 MPa). Similarly, the addition of iron to the fuel lamina in laminate propellant samples led to an approximately 30% increase in the global burning rate at the evaluated pressure (3.45 MPa). Additive particles were observed to eject near the oxidizer/fuel interface, or to melt, aggregate, coalesce, and agglomerate on the fuel lamina surface prior to ejection. Particle velocities are controlled by a balance of gravitational forces, drag forces imparted by expanding combustion product gases, and particle inertia. The observed combustion enhancements are attributed to the combined effects of catalytic mechanisms, increased radiation heat transfer, and local energy release from reacting iron particles. In addition, discussions on the image processing methods developed in the current study, corresponding potential sources of error, and prospective areas of improvement are provided. The experimental approach developed enables high-speed and high-magnification visualization of propellant combustion at high pressures and can be utilized to better understand the fundamental combustion ","PeriodicalId":100531,"journal":{"name":"FirePhysChem","volume":"4 3","pages":"Pages 252-263"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2667134424000087/pdfft?md5=30403a9295523cd4648f5305c5858db4&pid=1-s2.0-S2667134424000087-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140466758","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Thermal decomposition and combustion performance of the organic-inorganic hybrid crystal structure oxidant DAN-2","authors":"Qing-Xia Li ,&nbsp;Er-Hai An ,&nbsp;Qing-Feng Qin ,&nbsp;Jing-Hao Guo ,&nbsp;Zi-Jun Fan ,&nbsp;Sheng-Nan Shi ,&nbsp;Peng Deng ,&nbsp;Xiong Cao","doi":"10.1016/j.fpc.2024.01.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fpc.2024.01.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In this paper, we investigated the potential use of a new organic-inorganic hybrid crystal structure based on KNO₃ in ignition compositions. H₂dabco[K(NO₃)₃] (DAN-2) with organic-inorganic hybrid crystal structure is synthesized through intermolecular assembly technology. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) were used to detect the crystal morphology, structure and molecular structure of DAN-2, which has a regular cubic structure. Experimental data were obtained using thermogravimetric/differential scanning calorimetry (TG-DSC), closed bomb test and high-speed photography, which were then used to study and analyze the thermal decomposition properties and combustion properties of DAN-2. The initial thermal decomposition temperature of DAN-2 was low (194 °C) and the activation energy of the thermal decomposition was 154 kJ/mol. Possible thermal decomposition mechanisms are further discussed and proposed. This research pushed forward the application of organic-inorganic hybrid crystal structure oxidant DAN-2 in ignition system.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100531,"journal":{"name":"FirePhysChem","volume":"4 3","pages":"Pages 245-251"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2667134424000075/pdfft?md5=8a49a4f599232e56090450ab6dc342db&pid=1-s2.0-S2667134424000075-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139635461","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Deep-learning prediction of safety moiety of salen-type complex crystals towards explosive perchlorate salts","authors":"Takashiro Akitsu,&nbsp;Yuji Takiguchi,&nbsp;Shintaro Suda,&nbsp;Daisuke Nakane","doi":"10.1016/j.fpc.2023.12.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fpc.2023.12.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Perchlorate compounds are well-known for their explosive and hazardous nature. Considering previously reported perchlorate crystals of salen-type manganese (III) complexes, our study aimed to identify the specific molecular/crystal structure responsible for their explosive properties. Employing deep learning, we conducted an analysis of the Hirschfeld surface for salen-type metal complexes within a crystal structure database. The results indicate that the salen-type complex site lacks distinctive structural features, attributing its explosive potential to the chemical bonding of the perchlorate ion and the surrounding intermolecular interactions.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100531,"journal":{"name":"FirePhysChem","volume":"4 3","pages":"Pages 238-244"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2667134423000615/pdfft?md5=03116d6c31fedb1e3fd27289ac473236&pid=1-s2.0-S2667134423000615-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139190111","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Modeling the process of slag formation in paste propulsion","authors":"V.A. Babuk,&nbsp;D.I. Kuklin,&nbsp;S. Yu Naryzhny","doi":"10.1016/j.fpc.2023.12.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fpc.2023.12.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The results of modeling the accumulation of slag residue in the combustion chamber of a propulsion system on pasty propellant obtained using a multiphase flow evolution model are presented. The influence of composition solutions on the process of slag formation is established; the significance of this process for the quality of such engines is shown. The nature of the influence of the parameters of the burning process for propellants of the type under consideration on the intensity of slag formation is determined. It is shown that the degree of involvement of metallic fuel in the agglomeration process has the greatest influence on slag formation. It has been established that the most effective \"tool\" for suppressing slag formation in the combustion chambers of paste propulsion is to change the regularities of the burning process, mainly associated with the formation of condensed products at the surface of the burning propellant.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100531,"journal":{"name":"FirePhysChem","volume":"4 3","pages":"Pages 230-237"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2667134423000603/pdfft?md5=2dc3588fd2bc69f65eae67d77ad5a94a&pid=1-s2.0-S2667134423000603-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139189902","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhanced combustion reaction and energy output of Al based energetic materials through introducing perfluorocarbon","authors":"Jun Wang,&nbsp;Jie Chen,&nbsp;Wei Cao","doi":"10.1016/j.fpc.2023.12.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fpc.2023.12.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Introducing additional oxidizers in aluminized explosives is an effective way to improve energy performance by enhancing the secondary combustion reaction. In this work, perfluorocarbon as oxidizer has been introduced into TATB/Al based energetic materials to improve combustion reaction and energy output performance. The uniform TATB/Al/perfluorocarbon composites are prepared through acoustic resonance mixed technology, and the energy and pressure output performance are fully studied in air blast and underwater explosion. A significantly exothermic peak derived from the reaction between fluorine and Al is observed between 540 ℃ and 580 ℃ for TATB/Al/perfluorocarbon. The heat of explosion of TATB/Al/perfluorocarbon is increased first and then decreased with F/Al ratio from 0 to 0.608. The highest heat of explosion is 6021 J/g for TATB/Al/perfluorocarbon with F/Al ratio of 0.274. Furthermore, the enhanced working capacity, the significantly enlarged fireball and relatively high overpressure are obtained for TATB/Al/perfluorocarbon. More importantly, the shock impulse and first bubble oscillation time of TATB/Al/perfluorocarbon have been increased by 23.2% and 21.18% during underwater explosion, respectively. The results further illustrate that adding perfluorocarbon is a feasible approach to enhance energy output due to combustion reaction between fluorine and Al, which can be applied in explosives and propellants.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100531,"journal":{"name":"FirePhysChem","volume":"4 3","pages":"Pages 216-223"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2667134423000585/pdfft?md5=ffc7f05b7daae3961f407b1a4847f161&pid=1-s2.0-S2667134423000585-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139025628","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Towards understanding the effect of temperature and humidity on the safety and performance of tracer pyrotechnic composition","authors":"Slimane Bekhouche,&nbsp;Djalal Trache,&nbsp;Amir Abdelaziz,&nbsp;Salim Chelouche,&nbsp;Ahmed Fouzi Tarchoun","doi":"10.1016/j.fpc.2023.12.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fpc.2023.12.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The present work aims to study the effect of environmental hazards, namely, temperature and humidity, on the performance and sensitivity of tracer pyrotechnic composition. The experiments showed that the different pyrotechnic compositions, aged under different conditions, are prone to become more sensitive to impact and friction. It is also revealed that aging has a negative impact on luminous intensity for which the thermal aging declined the light intensity by 38.5%, while the moisture deteriorated it by 66%, compared to the pristine composition. The thermal analysis of the aged pyrotechnic compositions demonstrated a direct correlation between the heat of reactions and the magnesium content, the primary heat source, which decreases due to the formation of metal oxides (Mg(OH)₂ and MgO) during the aging process. This investigation will certainly contribute to comprehensively understanding the degradation mechanism of tracer pyrotechnic compositions, and provide information on how the physical status of materials influences the luminosity, the sensitivity, and the heat of combustion reaction.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100531,"journal":{"name":"FirePhysChem","volume":"4 3","pages":"Pages 224-229"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2667134423000597/pdfft?md5=273da9cab49ce306a58cc23ccb202e66&pid=1-s2.0-S2667134423000597-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139017602","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}