Farming System最新文献

{"title":"Climate variability and future responses of agricultural systems in Mediterranean region","authors":"Thi Phuoc Lai Nguyen ,&nbsp;Salvatore Gonario Pasquale Virdis","doi":"10.1016/j.farsys.2025.100153","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.farsys.2025.100153","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Challenges in developing climate adaptation strategies arise from the uncertainty and fragmentation of climate change knowledge, as well as the involvement of many actors with varying values and interests. This study, using a system perspective approach, conducted through a case study in Sardinia, Italy—a prominent Mediterranean region—focused on four agricultural systems: (1) intensive dairy cattle, (2) extensive dairy sheep, (3) horticulture, and (4) rice. The aim was to examine past, present, and future climate changes, the evolution of these agricultural systems, climate impacts, and response behaviors. The findings reveal the annual mean daily maximum (TXm_CF ​= ​+0.13 ​°C/decade and TXm_SL ​= ​+0.27 ​°C/decade) and are expected to continue rising both intermediate <span><math><mrow><mo>(</mo><mrow><msub><mrow><mi>T</mi><mi>N</mi><mi>m</mi></mrow><mn>45</mn></msub><mo>=</mo><mo>+</mo><mn>1.60</mn><mo>°</mo><mi>C</mi></mrow><mo>)</mo></mrow></math></span> and business-as-usual scenarios <span><math><mrow><mo>(</mo><mrow><msub><mrow><mi>T</mi><mi>N</mi><mi>m</mi></mrow><mn>85</mn></msub><mo>=</mo><mo>+</mo><mn>2.43</mn><mo>°</mo><mi>C</mi></mrow><mo>)</mo></mrow></math></span> with a rate of <span><math><mrow><mo>+</mo><mn>0.17</mn><mo>°</mo><mi>C</mi><mo>/</mo><mi>d</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>e</mi></mrow></math></span> and <span><math><mrow><mo>+</mo><mn>0.26</mn><mo>°</mo><mi>C</mi><mo>/</mo><mi>d</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>e</mi></mrow></math></span> respectively, along with the frequency of hot days and heatwaves. The four agricultural systems have evolved differently in response to socio-environmental changes. Farmers perceived climate variability and its impacts on their systems in varied ways, leading to different responses to future climate. Intensive farming systems were found to have more future adaptation perspectives to climate variability than traditional extensive systems, due to differences in socio-cultural and technological contexts. This highlights the need to strengthen farmers' adaptive capacities in managing traditional systems, along with their biodiversity and cultural knowledge, to help preserve globally significant agricultural heritage. The research also revealed the importance of collective adaptation responses at multiple levels that could be translated into policies and practices to enhance adaptive capacities of agricultural systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100522,"journal":{"name":"Farming System","volume":"3 3","pages":"Article 100153"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143887184","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of planting dates and seeding densities on soil water depletion pattern, root distribution, and water productivity of industrial hemp","authors":"Preetaman Bajwa ,&nbsp;Sukhbir Singh ,&nbsp;Arjun Kafle ,&nbsp;Manpreet Singh ,&nbsp;Rupinder Saini ,&nbsp;Calvin Trostle","doi":"10.1016/j.farsys.2025.100152","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.farsys.2025.100152","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Industrial hemp (<em>Cannabis sativa</em> L.) has the potential to thrive in water-limited regions due to its deep roots and drought tolerance. However, little is known about hemp root dynamics and water productivity in the semi-arid West Texas. Therefore, this study investigates the impact of planting dates (P1- April 19th, P2- May 10th, and P3- June 6th) and seeding densities (SD1- 85, SD2- 1408, and SD3- 1972 thousand seeds ha⁻¹) on root growth, soil water depletion and water productivity of industrial hemp. The experiment was randomized in a blocked split-plot design. In 2023, P2 exhibited higher root length density, particularly fine roots compared to other planting dates. P2 also recorded the greatest soil water depletion during both years. Seeding densities showed comparable soil water depletion in 2022, but in 2023, SD2 depleted more water than SD1, while SD3 exhibited no significant differences in water depletion. P3 produced the lowest plant biomass, bast, and hurd fiber yields and their water productivity in both years. However, P3 demonstrated higher grain yield and grain water productivity in 2022, while P2 showed greater grain production in 2023, showing no significant difference in grain water productivity across plantings. Over both years, SD1 had the lowest production and water productivity for most of the yield parameters. In conclusion, May planting at higher seeding densities can enhance water productivity in West Texas conditions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100522,"journal":{"name":"Farming System","volume":"3 3","pages":"Article 100152"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143821453","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Conservation agriculture for closing maize yield gap and enhancing climate resilience in semi-arid Eastern Rwanda","authors":"Petronille Dusingizimana ,&nbsp;Krishna Prasad Devkota ,&nbsp;Mamadou Cherif ,&nbsp;Athanase Nduwumuremyi","doi":"10.1016/j.farsys.2025.100151","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.farsys.2025.100151","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In Rwanda, maize is a crucial staple crop, serving as a primary food source for both smallholder and commercial farmers. However, national maize yields (1.52 ​t ​ha⁻¹) remain significantly lower than the global (5.88 ​t ​ha⁻¹) and African (2.27 ​t ​ha⁻¹) averages, posing a challenge to food security and economic growth. Key constraints include limited input use, suboptimal agronomic practices, and climate change. Conservation Agriculture (CA) has been promoted as a climate-smart approach to enhance productivity and sustainability in Rwanda. This study evaluates the agronomic and economic performance of CA compared to conventional tillage (CT) using survey data from 222 farms in the Kirehe district. Results show that CA farmers incurred higher total production costs (p ​&lt; ​0.001), particularly for fertilizers, seeds, weeding, and irrigation, while CT farmers had significantly higher land preparation costs (p ​&lt; ​0.001). Despite these cost differences, CA farmers achieved 40 ​% higher net profitability, 20 ​% higher maize yields, and 10 ​% greater phosphorus use efficiency than CT farmers. A Random Forest model identified experience in CA, irrigation frequency, seed rate, and nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizer application as key determinants of maize yield, with variations between CA and CT systems. Overall, CA significantly improved maize productivity and profitability despite higher initial costs, highlighting its potential as a sustainable intensification strategy for maize production in Rwanda and similar agro-climatic regions in East Africa.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100522,"journal":{"name":"Farming System","volume":"3 3","pages":"Article 100151"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143816001","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Urban agriculture: A strategic pathway to building resilience and ensuring sustainable food security in cities","authors":"Ruwanthika Gunapala ,&nbsp;Ruchira Gangahagedara ,&nbsp;W.C.S. Wanasinghe ,&nbsp;Anjalika U. Samaraweera ,&nbsp;Ashoka Gamage ,&nbsp;Chamila Rathnayaka ,&nbsp;Zammil Hameed ,&nbsp;Zaher Abdel Baki ,&nbsp;Terrence Madhujith ,&nbsp;Othmane Merah","doi":"10.1016/j.farsys.2025.100150","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.farsys.2025.100150","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Urban agriculture is gaining global recognition as a strategic approach to promising creating sustainable and reliable food sources, enhancing food security and resilience in cities. By shortening the food supply chain, urban agriculture reduces the reliance on pesticides and fertilizers, while also conserving water and mitigating land degradation. Despite these benefits, further research and collaborative efforts are needed to integrate the advanced technological practices and improve overall sustainability. Urban agriculture offers exciting opportunities for the horticultural and agricultural sectors, especially when it focuses on maximizing product quality. This approach merges technology, architecture, and farming within vertical structures, highlighting the synergy between urban living and the natural environment. Urban Agriculture is versatile, serving both productive and aesthetic purposes in various forms. To achieve sustainability in urban settings, urban agriculture offers a proactive alternative to traditional agriculture. Its success varies depending on the extent of its implementation at either the building or city level. Urban agriculture can play a critical role in addressing food deserts by increasing access to fresh produce, empowering communities, and reducing transportation costs. <span>Urban</span> agriculture positively impacts the urban landscape by enhancing aesthetics, promoting well-being, and fostering a sense of community engagement, supporting biodiversity, minimizing heat buildup in urban areas and contributing to climate resilience. Overall, urban agriculture represents a promising alternative to conventional agriculture and has the potential to make cities more livable and resilient. Regulatory challenges, social acceptance of waste, high investment costs, and limited recognition of indirect impacts are some of the challenges that come with implementing urban agriculture. The recommendations highlighted the importance of local governance and public policies in promoting circular urban agriculture. Promoting collaboration, fostering innovation, developing regulatory frameworks, and displaying successful urban agriculture practices are all possibilities. This review aims to present an overview of urban agriculture as a strategic pathway to building resilience and ensuring sustainable food security in cities.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100522,"journal":{"name":"Farming System","volume":"3 3","pages":"Article 100150"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143792820","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A new fibre microfluidic soil pore water sampling device for NH4+-N sensing using ion-selective electrode sensors (ISEs)","authors":"Yafei Guo ,&nbsp;Ernesto Saiz ,&nbsp;Aleksandar Radu ,&nbsp;Sameer Sonkusale ,&nbsp;Sami Ullah","doi":"10.1016/j.farsys.2025.100142","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.farsys.2025.100142","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Several climate change scenarios predict extreme precipitation and irrigation, leading to saturated soil conditions. In this paper, we present a new fibre microfluidic device coupled to ion-selective electrode sensors (ISEs) to sense soil ammonium-nitrogen (NH₄⁺-N) under these saturated soil conditions. The strength of fibre microfluidics in ISE sensors lies in its ability to integrate electrochemical sensing with microfluidic fluid control in a flexible, miniaturized format. This technology enables miniaturization, flexibility, integrated microfluidic control for enhanced ionic selectivity, improved stability and longevity, as well as scalable and cost-effective manufacturing. The ISEs were applied to monitor NH₄⁺-N concentrations in soil pore water, which were drawn by the deployed fibre. The water wicked by the microfluidic fibre passed through an array of NH₄⁺-N ISE ionophores for real-time sensing over six days. The water was also collected for laboratory analysis of NH₄⁺-N through colourimetry to assess the ISE sensing performance. Our results indicate that the calibration slopes of the fibre microfluidic ISEs, ranging from 45.80 to 60.40 ​mV per decade, are generally acceptable, as the theoretical slope ideally stands at 59 ​mV per order of magnitude. Our sensor can be used to for real-time monitoring of soil NH₄⁺-N levels in fertilized grassland and arable soils over four to six days after installation. The fibre microfluidic ISE overestimated soil NH₄⁺-N concentrations, with deviations ranging from −61% to 248% in grassland soil and −80%–370% in arable soil. This significant range of deviation may be attributed to soil particles wicked by the microfluidic fibre, which subsequently adhered to the sensor membrane. The ISE readings were compared with the soil pore water NH₄⁺-N concentrations determined by colourimetry and the measured values were found to be within similar concentration ranges; however, there was high variability between ISE results and the directly measured soil pore water. Whilst real time responses are more variable, it nevertheless points to the highly dynamic nature of soil nitrogen cycling. Therefore, the technology has the potential for further miniaturization and fine tuning to assist optimizing soil fertilizer use for crop production while preventing environmental pollution through the avoidance of excessive fertilizer application.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100522,"journal":{"name":"Farming System","volume":"3 2","pages":"Article 100142"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143529205","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluating the performance of biobased, recovered nitrogen fertilizers in European cropping systems using modelling","authors":"Muhammad Adil Rashid ,&nbsp;Yun-Feng Duan ,&nbsp;Jan Peter Lesschen ,&nbsp;Piet Groenendijk ,&nbsp;Sander Bruun ,&nbsp;Lars Stoumann Jensen","doi":"10.1016/j.farsys.2025.100141","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.farsys.2025.100141","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Biobased fertilizers (BBFs) are gaining attention for their potential to advance a circular economy. This study used the Daisy model to evaluate the performance of three BBFs—ammonium sulphate (AS), digestate (DIG), and liquid fraction of digestate (LFDIG)—compared to baseline fertilization (mineral and manure) across ten European cropping systems. BBFs replaced baseline fertilization under three scenarios: (i) full replacement with equivalent total N input, (ii) full replacement with higher total N input due to BBFs' lower (&lt;100%) fertilizer replacement values (FRVs, relative substitution rate of BBF to synthetic fertilizer), and (iii) partial replacement (only manure-N) with equivalent total N input. Results indicated that under both partial and full replacement scenarios with equivalent total N input, AS, DIG, and LFDIG had minimal impacts (&lt;5%) on crop N yield, nitrogen use efficiency (NUE), and total N losses (gaseous and leaching) compared to the baseline. The soil organic N (SON) stocks either decreased or changed more slowly with AS and LFDIG. In scenario ii (higher total N input), BBFs led to increased N yield (2–18%) and N losses (avg. 76%), and decreased NUE (2–25%) relative to the baseline. DIG was the most effective at improving SON stocks (average increase 4.9 ​kg ​N ha⁻¹y⁻¹) and reducing N losses, followed by LFDIG and AS. The impact on N leaching varied, with higher leaching observed in annual cereal-based compared to semi-perennial grass-based systems. Implications are that BBFs should be applied assuming a high FRV (∼100%), ensuring equivalent total N input when replacing baseline fertilization to prevent increasing N losses.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100522,"journal":{"name":"Farming System","volume":"3 2","pages":"Article 100141"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143465551","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multicriteria assessment of recently implemented conservation agriculture cropping systems across farmers’ plots in northwestern Cambodia","authors":"Sambo Pheap ,&nbsp;Alexis Thoumazeau ,&nbsp;Jun Murase ,&nbsp;Vang Seng ,&nbsp;Jean-Pierre Sarthou ,&nbsp;Veng Sar ,&nbsp;Linda Kimbo ,&nbsp;Soklin Kheam ,&nbsp;Pheakdey Chan ,&nbsp;Pao Srean ,&nbsp;Samrith Leang ,&nbsp;Lyda Hok ,&nbsp;Florent Tivet","doi":"10.1016/j.farsys.2025.100140","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.farsys.2025.100140","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Soil fertility depletion is a major challenge for annual rainfed cropping systems in the northwestern region of Cambodia which has recently undergone rapid agrarian changes. On-farm impacts of conventional tillage and Conservation Agriculture-based practices (CT and CA respectively) of maize cultivation on soil health along with agronomic and economic performances were compared. The experiment was set up in 2020 comparing CT and CA with one cover crop (CAS) and CA with a mix of three cover crops (CAM). Soil health was assessed at the end of the cropping cycle using Biofunctool®. Agronomic performances including cover crops and a cash crop (maize) along with intermediate consumption were recorded in 2021 and 2022. Selected components of soil health, agronomic and economic performances were used for multi-criteria analysis. On this Mollisols, SHI was positively impacted under CA (15% and 6% higher in 2021 and 2022), but with some soil parameters varied from one year to the next. In 2021, lower plant density (p ​&lt; ​0.05) was recorded under CA, highlighting the need to improve the efficiency of no-till sowing methods. Intermediate consumption was not significant between the treatments for both years. Non-significant difference in yields was recorded under the three treatments in both years, but while both CA systems remained stable, CT dropped by 10% in 2022 with some differences for yield components with a larger number of grains per column and higher mass of grains under CAS. Gross value added under CA was 12.7% less than CT in 2021, it surpassed CT by 43% in 2022. Agronomic and economic performances were still unstable at this early stage of implementation with wide variability across the two cropping seasons emphasizing that with this soil type, CA induced a significant increase in soil health but did not yet lead to significant increase in productivity or economic outcomes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100522,"journal":{"name":"Farming System","volume":"3 2","pages":"Article 100140"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143379067","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"How has scientific literature addressed crop planning at farm level: A bibliometric-qualitative review","authors":"Aniket Deo ,&nbsp;Namita Sawant ,&nbsp;Amit Arora ,&nbsp;Subhankar Karmakar","doi":"10.1016/j.farsys.2025.100139","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.farsys.2025.100139","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Crop planning (CP), being the core of farm management and decision-making, remains significant as the selection and allocation of appropriate crops determine the economics and sustainability of farming system. A systematic literature review was conducted to obtain a structural overview and consolidate the knowledge from CP literature, given the dearth of review articles in this domain.</div><div>The methodology included systematic selection of literature in phases and mixed-method systematic review process consisting of bibliometric analysis and qualitative review. This enabled an understanding the main characteristics of CP literature and answer how CP has been addressed at farm level.</div><div>1516 publications were selected in first phase after which 652 were screened using bibliometric analysis software, VOSviewer and CiteSpace, in second phase to identify research hotspots and recent trends. Optimization, irrigation, sustainability, adaptation were certain hotspots, while a shift in research trend was observed from decision support, crop allocation and bioenergy to climate change, water resources and big data. Last phase focussed on qualitative review of 31 publications on farm. Three broad themes of articles emerged namely “farmer's decision-making”, “soil-water-agroecology” and “merits of innovative technologies”. The study proposed several recommendations for small farming systems which were largely ignored in literature. These include factorial design for crop combinations, choices in options, estimation of crop diversity index and relative time-dispersion in yields. The current review produced a macroscopic overview of accumulated knowledge on CP and provided future directions to harness the unexplored potential in this field.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100522,"journal":{"name":"Farming System","volume":"3 2","pages":"Article 100139"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143145757","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Spatiotemporal variation of crop diversification across Eastern Indo Gangetic plains of South Asia","authors":"Ravi Nandi ,&nbsp;Arunava Ghosh ,&nbsp;Saurya Karmacharya ,&nbsp;Timothy J. Krupnik","doi":"10.1016/j.farsys.2025.100138","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.farsys.2025.100138","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>South Asia's Eastern Indo-Gangetic Plain (EIGP) of India, Nepal, and Bangladesh is home to approximately 450 million people and predominantly rely on agriculture for livelihood. Agriculture is highly cereal-centric in EIGP. Increasing crop diversification within the EIGP region could improve agricultural sustainability, but knowledge of the spatiotemporal patterns of crop diversification and how it varies across EIGP countries is limited. In this study, we used historical sub-national crop data from India (1966–2022), Nepal (2000–2022), and Bangladesh (1971–2022) to measure crop diversification and compare it with the existing sub-district level scale. Crop diversification was measured using the Herfindahl-Hirschman Index (HHI). We found a noticeable increase in overall crop diversification in EIGP during this period but with spatiotemporal variations between the countries and seasons. Furthermore, while comparing sub-national patterns with existing sub-district patterns, we found opposing trends. Our data suggest that sub-national diversification patterns are an aggregate measure that may obscure the diversification pattern at the district, sub-strict, and even community level diversification. Measurements of sub-national crop diversification may appear to have moderate diversification overall, but this could result from some districts having high levels of diversification while others more oriented towards monocropping and a lack of diverse crop rotations. Our findings provide a new approach and a baseline of crop diversification in the EIGP for future research and interventions agricultural policy and development planners.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100522,"journal":{"name":"Farming System","volume":"3 2","pages":"Article 100138"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143145758","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Perennial rice – An alternative to the ‘one-sow, one-harvest’ rice production: Benefits, challenges, and future prospects","authors":"Vijayakumar Shanmugam ,&nbsp;Vikas C. Tyagi ,&nbsp;Gobinath Rajendran ,&nbsp;Suvarna Rani Chimmili ,&nbsp;Arun Kumar Swarnaraj ,&nbsp;Mariadoss Arulanandam ,&nbsp;Virender Kumar ,&nbsp;Panneerselvam Peramaiyan ,&nbsp;Varunseelan Murugaiyan ,&nbsp;Raman Meenakshi Sundaram","doi":"10.1016/j.farsys.2025.100137","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.farsys.2025.100137","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The traditional ‘one-sow, one-harvest’ rice cultivation method faces significant challenges, including high water and energy consumption, soil health degradation, greenhouse gas emissions, increased labor demands, and excessive pesticide use. Perennial rice, a novel no-tillage-based rice system, presents a promising solution with the potential to address many of these challenges. It offers several advantages, such as reduced production costs and labor demands by eliminating the need for repeated land preparation, nursery raising, and transplanting while also lowering environmental impact through energy conservation, soil carbon sequestration, reduced soil erosion, and decreased greenhouse gas emissions. The perennial rice system is gaining traction in China, with the area under cultivation steadily increasing since its release in 2018. Farmers are interested in adopting this system due to its lower labor demand, reduced production costs, and yields and grain quality comparable to local varieties. However, perennial rice brings its own challenges, including yield instability, inconsistency in grain quality, higher irrigation demands, increased risks of pests and diseases, soil sickness, and the lack of suitable agronomic practices, such as optimum crop geometry, weed management, nutrient application, and harvesting techniques. Additionally, it limits crop diversification, making it less suitable for regions with diversified or multiple cropping systems. Despite these limitations, perennial rice demonstrates significant potential in several rice-growing regions worldwide. To fully unlock this potential, focused efforts are needed to develop high-yielding perennial varieties with better grain quality and resistance to pests and diseases. Additionally, region-specific agronomic practices, including optimal crop geometry, effective weed control, innovative nutrient management, and improved irrigation, must be established to optimize this cropping system.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100522,"journal":{"name":"Farming System","volume":"3 2","pages":"Article 100137"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143145195","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}