Eye & ENT Research最新文献

{"title":"Nationwide resource utilization of dizziness/vertigo presentations to the ED","authors":"David O’Neil Danis III,&nbsp;Matthew Kovoor,&nbsp;Emily K. Gjini,&nbsp;Jonathon S. Sillman,&nbsp;Kathryn Y. Noonan","doi":"10.1002/eer3.70017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/eer3.70017","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study aims to assess overall rates of neuroimaging (computed tomography [CT] or magnetic resonance imaging [MRI]) and cerebrovascular accidents (CVAs) in patients presenting to the emergency department (ED) with primary diagnoses of dizziness/vertigo to determine if neuroimaging is overused in this population.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Study Design</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Population-based ED registry analysis.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Setting</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>2020 Nationwide Emergency Department Sample.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Patients</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Patients presenting to the ED with dizziness/vertigo.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Interventions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Rates of neuroimaging (both CT and MRI), common associated diagnoses and symptoms, and CVAs.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Main Outcome Measures</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Odds ratio (OR) and multivariate analysis were performed on the associations of common ED diagnoses with admission and CVAs.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>1,115,826 ED presentations received a primary diagnosis of vertigo/dizziness, resulting in $8.4 billion in ED charges. Of the patients discharged from the ED, 42.29% underwent neuroimaging. Overall, 2046 (0.18%) patients had a diagnosis of CVA. 89.46% of vertigo/dizziness patients with a CVA had at least one of 24 risk factors, including diabetes, history of thromboembolic event, nystagmus, and others, that were significantly associated with the presence of CVA in multivariate analysis. Current procedural terminology (CPT) codes of H81.2 (vestibular neuronitis) and H81.4 (vertigo of central origin) were significantly associated with CVA when compared to other forms of dizziness/vertigo (adjusted ORs of 3.26 and 3.98; <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A high proportion of ED patients with vertigo/dizziness undergo neuroimaging to rule out CVA, while only 0.18% are diagnosed with CVA. 24 diagnoses are positively associated with CVAs in patients presenting with vertigo/dizziness and can decrease neuroimaging rates and lower healthcare costs.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":100519,"journal":{"name":"Eye & ENT Research","volume":"2 2","pages":"116-128"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/eer3.70017","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144503010","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Epidemiology of common allergic diseases in China: Current position and implications","authors":"Xu Xu,&nbsp;Chengshuo Wang,&nbsp;Luo Zhang,&nbsp;Jingyun Li,&nbsp;Yuan Zhang","doi":"10.1002/eer3.70016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/eer3.70016","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The prevalence of common allergic diseases, including allergic rhinitis, asthma, atopic dermatitis, and food allergy, has increased dramatically with rising industrialization in China, leading to a significant socio-economic burden. These allergic diseases are complex disorders influenced by both environmental and genetic factors. Epidemiological evidence indicates a parallel increase in the prevalence of other systemic diseases during the same period as the allergic disease epidemic, suggesting that these conditions may share common genetic mechanisms and potentially have a causal relationship. This review summarizes recent epidemiological studies on common allergic diseases in China, highlighting interrelated changes in demography, allergen spectrum, and the environmental and genetic implications. It aims to enhance our understanding of these conditions, contributing to the development of a robust public health monitoring network and the exploration of strategies for the prevention, control, and treatment of common allergic diseases in the Chinese population.</p>","PeriodicalId":100519,"journal":{"name":"Eye & ENT Research","volume":"2 2","pages":"77-87"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/eer3.70016","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144502952","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Glioblastoma multiforme with transdural extension to the external auditory canal via the tegmen tympani—Clinical report with review of the literature","authors":"Arba Cecia,&nbsp;Emal Lesha,&nbsp;David G. Laird,&nbsp;Elsa Nico,&nbsp;Kaan Yagmurlu,&nbsp;Bruce L. Fetterman,&nbsp;L. Madison Michael II","doi":"10.1002/eer3.70015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/eer3.70015","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most aggressive and invasive malignant glioma, accounting for 45.2% of all cases with an annual incidence of 3.19 cases per 100,000 individuals and a median survival of 15 months [&lt;span&gt;1&lt;/span&gt;]. Transdural extension of GBM is rare, particularly without previous surgical intervention [&lt;span&gt;2&lt;/span&gt;]. Few reports have described cases of GBM propagating through the skull base [&lt;span&gt;3&lt;/span&gt;]. Here, we report a case of a patient presenting with a temporal lobe GBM extending to the external auditory canal (EAC) through the tegmen tympani.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;This case is reported as a descriptive study of a 60-year-old female with an extradural GBM. A literature review of the phenomenon was conducted and reported. This study was executed with ethical considerations, including informed consent. The participant provided consent after receiving an explanation of the procedures, potential risks and benefits, and right to withdraw.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;A 60-year-old female with a history of Eustachian tube dysfunction presented with right ear otorrhea for several months. She required insertion of multiple tympanostomy tubes for the Eustachian tube dysfunction previously. Physical examination revealed decreased right-sided hearing, a 10% tympanic membrane perforation, local erythema, and serous fluid accumulation with a clear and normal EAC. She was prescribed antibiotics and scheduled for follow-up with audiometry results. In the interim, she developed bloody right ear drainage. A friable, smooth, vascular lesion obscuring the right ear’s EAC was discovered, biopsied, and returned as GBM.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;A CT brain demonstrated a 2.5 cm temporal lobe mass with midline shift and vasogenic edema. Dehiscence of the right tegmen tympani was noted with abnormal soft tissue density throughout the right EAC, middle ear, and mastoid cells. MRI brain revealed a right temporal lobe mass with peripheral enhancement, central necrosis and vasogenic edema (Figure 1). There was contiguous enhancement in the right temporal bone and middle ear cavity, extending laterally towards the EAC and anteromedially towards the Eustachian tube.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;The patient underwent resection via a combined approach. The surgery involved excision of the tumor from right EAC with middle ear exploration and tympanomastoidectomy. The tumor caused erosion of the incus and involved sectioning of the chorda tympani nerve. The following step included an infratemporal approach to the middle fossa and temporal lobe. Elevation of the dura revealed a subtemporal dural defect with tumor extending through the tegmen tympani into the middle ear without involvement of the Eustachian tube. The tumor in the middle ear, dura, and temporal lobe was resected, achieving gross total resection. Initial histopathology revealed hypercellularity, nuclear atypia, and necrosis concerning for high grade glioma (Figure 2). Pathology was significant for IDH1-wildtype GBM, WHO grade IV with KRAS mutation, PTEN mutation w","PeriodicalId":100519,"journal":{"name":"Eye & ENT Research","volume":"2 2","pages":"141-144"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/eer3.70015","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144502982","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Activation and inhibition of Notch signaling facilitate proliferative regeneration of sensory cells in adult mice","authors":"Shan Zeng,&nbsp;Tao Jiang,&nbsp;Zhengyi Chen,&nbsp;Huawei Li,&nbsp;Luo Guo,&nbsp;Wenyan Li","doi":"10.1002/eer3.70008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/eer3.70008","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Due to the limited regenerative capacity in adult mammals, the loss of vestibular hair cells (HCs) leads to balance disorders. In this study, we chronologically reprogrammed adult vestibular supporting cells (SCs) via bimodal regulation of Notch signaling, mimicking dynamic changes in Notch signaling during inner ear development. We found that activating Notch signaling stimulated SC proliferation in damaged adult utricles, priming these cells with the potential to regenerate sensory HCs. Subsequent inhibition of Notch signaling removed lateral inhibition barriers, promoting the transition from proliferating SCs to HCs. Our findings underscore the crucial role of Notch signaling in promoting vestibular HC regeneration.</p>","PeriodicalId":100519,"journal":{"name":"Eye & ENT Research","volume":"2 2","pages":"104-115"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/eer3.70008","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144502984","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A one-year efficacy assessment of subcutaneous immunotherapy in dust mite allergic rhinitis patients based on clinical symptoms and objective biomarkers","authors":"Jingwen Wang,&nbsp;Xu Xu,&nbsp;Xu Zhang,&nbsp;Yuan Zhang,&nbsp;Jingyun Li","doi":"10.1002/eer3.70013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/eer3.70013","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To evaluate the 1-year efficacy of subcutaneous immunotherapy (SCIT) in treating dust mite-induced allergic rhinitis (AR) and establish objective biomarkers for efficacy monitoring.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Fifty-nine AR patients underwent 1-year SCIT. Subjective symptoms were assessed via total nasal symptom score (TNSS), combined symptom/medication score (CSMS), and mini rhinoconjunctivitis quality of life questionnaire (MiniRQLQ). Serum total immunoglobulin E (tIgE), <i>Dermatophagoides</i> species-specific IgE (<i>Der p</i>-sIgE), and component-specific IgE (<i>Der p</i>1/2/10/23) were measured. IgE-facilitated allergen binding (IgE-FAB) assay evaluated blocking antibody activity.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The mean TNSS, CSMS, and MiniRQLQ scores were significantly reduced by 28.60% (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.001), 28.60% (<i>p</i> = 0.006), and 24.30% (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.001) respectively after 1 year of SCIT treatment. SCIT treatment significantly elevated serum tIgE and <i>Der p</i> sIgE levels (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.001), with a pronounced increase in component-specific IgE positivity for <i>Der p</i>1 and <i>Der p</i>23 (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.001). The IgE-FAB assay demonstrated that the average suppression of IgE-allergen binding in serum by 1-year SCIT was 4.48% (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.001).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>SCIT markedly reduces subjective symptoms in patients with dust mite AR over a 1-year treatment period. Component-sIgE levels and IgE-FAB inhibition could function as objective biomarkers for assessing immunotherapy efficacy, thus facilitating tailored clinical interventions.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":100519,"journal":{"name":"Eye & ENT Research","volume":"2 2","pages":"96-103"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/eer3.70013","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144502983","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The role of vision therapy in the management of recurrent hordeolum","authors":"Shoubhik Chakraborty,&nbsp;Pallavi Priyadarshini Sahu,&nbsp;Soumya Kanta Mohanty,&nbsp;Hajira R.","doi":"10.1002/eer3.70012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/eer3.70012","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;Internal hordeolum is characterized by the inflammation of the Meibomian gland due to duct blockage [&lt;span&gt;1&lt;/span&gt;]. Recurrent styles are often associated with chronic eye rubbing or lid-fingering habits [&lt;span&gt;2&lt;/span&gt;]. The primary causative agent of internal hordeolum is &lt;i&gt;Staphylococcus aureus&lt;/i&gt;, with secondary infections arising from an infected chalazion. Clinical signs manifest as localized, firm, red, tender lid swelling or edema. Warm compressions aid in granuloma softening, while antibiotics can be administered locally or systemically [&lt;span&gt;3&lt;/span&gt;]. Refractive errors, such as astigmatism, can predispose individuals to hordeolum by inducing eye discomfort, leading to eye poking. Astigmatism often presents with symptoms of asthenopia, and if uncorrected during early childhood, it may result in amblyopia [&lt;span&gt;4&lt;/span&gt;].Although optical correction effectively addresses astigmatism, it is insufficient to manage amblyopia. Vision therapy emerges as a pivotal intervention in early childhood or school-age individuals for the effective management of meridional amblyopia [&lt;span&gt;5, 6&lt;/span&gt;].&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;A 6-year-old female presented to our hospital in August 2023 with a complaint of swelling and pain in her left eyelid. She had previously experienced four episodes of pain and swelling in the previous 3 months, which resolved after using topical antibiotics (Moxifloxacin eye drops 0.5%), NSAIDs, and antibiotic eye ointment (Ocupol). However, the symptoms reappeared. Her right eye's previous prescription was 0.00–1.00 × 180, while her left eye's prescription was −2.00 × 180. However, her parents displayed a lack of adherence to the spectacles' use. Upon examination, her unaided Snellen's visual acuity for distance was 20/40 (6/12) in the right eye and 20/80 (6/24) in the left eye. Following objective refraction and cycloplegic refraction, the final refraction for the right eye was 0.00–1.50 × 180, 20/20 (6/6, N6), and for the left eye, it was 0.00–3.00 × 180, 20/80 (6/24, N18). Anterior segment examination with slit lamp examination unveiled hyperemia and diffuse edema in the upper eyelid and the presence of a swelling that was away from the lid margin and prominent on the palpebral conjunctiva. Posterior segment examination with indirect ophthalmoscope revealed normal findings. Ocular motility was full, free, and painless in all directions. Hirschberg test demonstrated a central corneal reflex. Based on the following findings a diagnosis of acute internal hordeolum with preseptal cellulitis in LE was made. Additionally, a concurrent diagnosis of simple myopic astigmatism with anisometropic amblyopia in the left eye was established.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;In a meticulous non-surgical hordeolum treatment plan, topical antibiotics (Moxifloxacin eye drops 0.5%) with NSAID was given in a dose of 4 times per day which effectively tackles infection and inflammation [&lt;span&gt;7&lt;/span&gt;]. Bedtime application of antibiotics eye ointment (Ocupol eye ointment), systemic ant","PeriodicalId":100519,"journal":{"name":"Eye & ENT Research","volume":"2 2","pages":"137-140"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/eer3.70012","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144503089","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The third dimension—Eye surgery and stereopsis","authors":"Divya Trivedi","doi":"10.1002/eer3.70011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/eer3.70011","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;“Inject visco—the anterior chamber is shallowing!” During my residency, I repeatedly received these orders while performing cataract surgery. My inability to assess the need for more viscoelastic confused me. As a novice surgeon, I attributed these symptoms to my inexperienced hands and embryonic surgical skills. I presumed these would improve with practice, but that didn't seem to happen.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Later, during my LASIK training, my mentor instructed me to lift and reposition the corneal flap. I tried insinuating the instrument under the flap, but it was a struggle. A bandage contact lens eventually had to be placed to cover a corneal epithelial defect caused in the vicinity. I proceeded to the other eye, cautiously this time. I felt I had successfully raised the flap, but my instrument was floating in the air, between the patient's face and the nether end of the microscope!&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;“You have no depth perception.”—my mentor stated sharply. He ordered an orthoptic evaluation for me. Orthoptics. I vaguely recollected the term from my post-graduate textbooks. “Treatment for accommodation anomalies: Orthoptic exercises”—a segment I had skimmed through for my final examination. Little did I know that I would have to revisit the chapter for my treatment.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;The orthoptic evaluation lasted 40 minutes. My convergence facilities were a mere 3 cycles/min, with a remote near point of convergence (22 cm) and a paltry fusional vergence (6∆D). Stereopsis measured 63 s of arc on the random dot stereo-test. That explained my intra-operative challenges. The assessment also revealed an exophoria and an uncorrected compound hypermetropic astigmatism in my left eye. Convergence insufficiency (CI) was the verdict.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;I was prescribed 18 days of office-based therapy, which eventually spread across 3 months. This therapy included a diverse range of exercises, a short stint with spectacles, a good deal of patience on my part, and tremendous empathy from the orthoptists, my teachers, and, most of all, my mentor.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Therapy demanded 2 hours of focused exercises every day. An hour in the morning, followed by another grueling hour in the evening. A wide array of exercises was prescribed to correct my proximal and tonic convergence [&lt;span&gt;1&lt;/span&gt;]. I was started on various vectographs to increase my positive fusional amplitude. A blurry airplane flying across the Chicago skyline would appear nearer, then farther, as I adjusted the slide holder on the dual polychrome illuminator trainer. To improve my eyes' ability to converge, I worked with a barrel card and brock string, fusing the beads, and trying to maintain their union [&lt;span&gt;2&lt;/span&gt;]. The initial days were taxing—the exercises triggered a nagging headache that persisted throughout the day. Nevertheless, I adapted to the unremitting strain of continuously adducting my eyes. My near point of convergence inched closer, reducing the effort I needed for convergence. Stereograms were introduced, in the form of the ","PeriodicalId":100519,"journal":{"name":"Eye & ENT Research","volume":"2 2","pages":"145-146"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/eer3.70011","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144503187","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Global utilization of artificial intelligence in the diagnosis and management of voice disorders over the past five years","authors":"Amna Suleman,&nbsp;Amy L. Rutt","doi":"10.1002/eer3.70006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/eer3.70006","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This review evaluates the worldwide use of artificial intelligence (AI) for the diagnosis and treatment of voice disorders.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>An electronic search was completed in Embase, Pubmed, Ovid MEDLINE, Scopus, Google Scholar, and Web of Science. Studies in English from 2019 to 2024 evaluating the use of AI in detection and management of voice disorders were included. Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines were followed.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Eighty-one studies were recognized. Thirty-three studies were chosen and screened for quality assessment. Of these, 16 studies used AI to determine normal versus pathological voice. The convolutional neural network (CNN) was the most employed algorithm among all machine learning algorithms.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This review revealed significant interest worldwide in utilizing AI in detection of voice disorders. Gaps included the use of limited, inconsistent data sets, lack of validation, and emphasis on detection rather than treatment of the voice disorder. These are areas of opportunity for AI techniques to improved diagnostic accuracy.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":100519,"journal":{"name":"Eye & ENT Research","volume":"2 2","pages":"88-95"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/eer3.70006","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144502994","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Realistic 3D-printed sinus anatomical model and rigid nasal endoscopy: Unique approach to teach medical students intranasal anatomy","authors":"Heather L. Johns,&nbsp;Pablo C. Ochoa,&nbsp;Jamie O’Byrne,&nbsp;Christian Hanson,&nbsp;Victoria Sears,&nbsp;Jonathan Morris,&nbsp;Semirra Bayan,&nbsp;Janalee Stokken","doi":"10.1002/eer3.70010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/eer3.70010","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Purpose</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The small and complex space of the intranasal cavity poses a challenge to teaching and learning sinonasal anatomy in undergraduate medical education. Evidence suggests that utilizing 3D-printed (3DP) models is an effective means to comprehend anatomical structures and their spatial relationships. In this study, we introduce and evaluate the educational value of rigid nasal endoscopy on realistic 3DP and silicone-cast sinus models as a method to teach medical students intranasal anatomy.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Twelve first-year medical students participated in an educational rigid-nasal endoscopy workshop led by Otolaryngology PGY-2 residents and rhinology consultants. The workshop consisted of (1) an introductory PowerPoint on rigid nasal endoscopy and basic intranasal anatomy, (2) timed trials that tested students' ability to locate intranasal anatomical structures while scoping with a rigid endoscope, and (3) pre- and post-surveys.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Participants improved in their ability to locate each intranasal anatomical structure during the timed trials. Participants felt that rigid endoscopy of 3DP models was an effective method to learn intranasal anatomy compared to their traditional medical school anatomy course.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The results of this study suggest that rigid nasal endoscopy of 3DP sinus models is a potentially high-value educational method for teaching intranasal anatomy to first-year medical students. Students enjoyed the opportunity to learn intranasal anatomy while practicing a clinically relevant procedure - rigid nasal endoscopy.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":100519,"journal":{"name":"Eye & ENT Research","volume":"2 2","pages":"129-136"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/eer3.70010","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144502993","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characterization of eosinophil populations in a murine model of type 2 airway inflammation via flow cytometry","authors":"Huiqing Wang,&nbsp;Qidi Zhang,&nbsp;Yang Wang,&nbsp;Rongqing Zhang,&nbsp;Bing Yan","doi":"10.1002/eer3.70009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/eer3.70009","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Purpose</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study aims to optimize experimental conditions to obtain a larger quantity of eosinophils from the type 2 inflammation mouse model, which will serve as a basis for further investigation into the role and mechanisms of eosinophils in type 2 inflammation.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We used a mouse model of type 2 inflammation and isolated potential eosinophil-resident tissues (bone marrow, spleen, and nasal mucosa) for flow cytometry analysis. By combining forward scatter, side scatter, and the cell population identified as CD45⁺ (protein tyrosine phosphatase receptor type C) CD11b⁺ (integrin alpha-M) Ly6G⁻ (lymphocyte antigen 6 family member G) Siglec-F⁺ (sialic acid-binding immunoglobulin-like lectin F), we characterized eosinophils.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The results showed that the number and proportion of eosinophils in bone marrow were numerically higher compared to the spleen and nasal mucosa. Further exploration of conditions may provide guarantees for the later development of mechanism research.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>These findings provide clues for further optimizing experimental conditions to obtain sufficient eosinophils from bone marrow for mechanistic studies. They also offer a potential framework for exploring phenotypic heterogeneity and functional studies of eosinophils in various tissues.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":100519,"journal":{"name":"Eye & ENT Research","volume":"2 1","pages":"62-69"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/eer3.70009","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143741471","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}