e-Prime - Advances in Electrical Engineering, Electronics and Energy最新文献

{"title":"Accurate and optimal control of a bidirectional DC-DC converter: A robust adaptive approach enhanced by particle swarm optimization","authors":"Julius Derghe Cham ,&nbsp;Francis Lénine Djanna Koffi ,&nbsp;Alexandre Teplaira Boum ,&nbsp;Ambe Harrison ,&nbsp;Paul Michael Dongmo Zemgue ,&nbsp;Njimboh Henry Alombah","doi":"10.1016/j.prime.2025.100899","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prime.2025.100899","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The efficient operation of DC-microgrids is highly depend on DC-DC converters. The Half-bridge Bidirectional DC-DC converter, a special class of power electronic converters has received significant attention in DC-microgrids due to its high flexibility. However, arriving at an optimal operating performance of this converter requires robust, accurate control and regulation of its output. To address the control requirements of this system, this paper proposes a robust adaptive nonlinear control strategy based on adaptive sliding mode controller. Unlike contemporary controllers, the proposed control strategy alleviates the chattering limitations of the classical sliding mode controller through the integration of a smooth hyperbolic tangent function. Additionally, the control structure is enhanced by an optimal adjustment of its gains through particle swarm optimization. A series of numerical investigations are conducted under diverse operating conditions such as variations in reference voltage, load resistance, and input voltages. The acquired results revealed a satisfactory response of the proposed control structure. Furthermore, by thoroughly comparing its performance against existing controllers such as conventional sliding mode controller, super-twisting sliding mode controller, adaptive sliding mode controller, this paper aims to emphasize the superiority of the proposed controller in achieving accurate and robust performance of the Half-bridge bidirectional DC-DC converter. Finally, experimental results were provided to validate the proposed controller in real time.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100488,"journal":{"name":"e-Prime - Advances in Electrical Engineering, Electronics and Energy","volume":"11 ","pages":"Article 100899"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143178124","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhancing thyroid nodule assessment with deep learning and ultrasound imaging","authors":"Jatinder Kumar ,&nbsp;Surya Narayan Panda ,&nbsp;Devi Dayal ,&nbsp;Manish Sharma","doi":"10.1016/j.prime.2025.100894","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prime.2025.100894","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The thyroid is a tiny, butterfly-shaped gland in the neck which produces hormones that are essential for controlling the body's various metabolic processes. Thyroid nodules, which are abnormal growths or lumps in the thyroid gland, are common thyroid illnesses, as are hypothyroidism, hyperthyroidism, and both. Thyroid issues are most commonly identified and categorised using thyroid ultrasonography (USG) images. They can have a range of effects on the body's metabolism and overall health. Developments in artificial intelligence (AI), particularly deep learning (DL), are helping to identify and measure patterns in clinical images because of DL's capacity towards pull out hierarchical attribute representations from images without the need for annotated images. Minimizing unnecessary fine needle aspiration (FNA) requires the essential identification of as many malignant thyroid nodules as possible, distinguishing them from benign ones. This research work introduces a technique for thyroid nodule identification in USGs, employing DL to extract relevant features. Three pre-trained DL models, namely ResNet-18, VGG-19 and AlexNet were fine-tuned before using for classification of thyroid USG images. The models' testing and training were done with Digital Database of Thyroid Ultrasound Images (DDTI) which is gold standard dataset. The results demonstrate a classification accuracy of 97.13%, 90.31% and 83.59% with ResNet-18, VGG-19 and AlexNet, respectively. The experimental findings affirm that the pre-trained network model ResNet-18 achieves superior classification performance compared to VGG-19 and AlexNet.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100488,"journal":{"name":"e-Prime - Advances in Electrical Engineering, Electronics and Energy","volume":"11 ","pages":"Article 100894"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143178611","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhancing power quality in high-power renewable applications using a new extendable nine-level grid-tied converter","authors":"Shivam Kumar Yadav (Member IEEE),&nbsp;Bhim Singh (Fellow IEEE)","doi":"10.1016/j.prime.2025.100898","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prime.2025.100898","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper introduces a new multilevel converter configuration for integrating large solar plants with an 11 kV grid tailored for a megawatt scale. This configuration employs twelve switches with a symmetrical progression, resulting in nine levels in phase voltage. Consisting of main power modules (MPM) and extension power modules(EPMs), this modular system effectively manages solar power. This paper elucidates various states and operational modes, highlighting each level's flawless performance and emphasizing configuration's scalability to accommodate additional power modules. The discussion initiates with a comprehensive exploration of the converter's operation, followed by its grid-tied fundamental control. Test cases are presented to assess system's performance in varying solar conditions. Converter employs polynomial-based selective harmonics elimination (SHE) to switch at fundamental frequency, ensuring efficiency in steady-state and dynamic conditions. Finally, new solar converter undergoes rigorous testing in Simulink, highlighting its superior dynamics for grid-tied operations. Moreover, simulated results are validated in a laboratory real-time test bench.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100488,"journal":{"name":"e-Prime - Advances in Electrical Engineering, Electronics and Energy","volume":"11 ","pages":"Article 100898"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143178125","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"SDRG-Net: Integrating multi-level color transformation encryption and ICNN-IRDO feature analysis for robust diabetic retinopathy diagnosis","authors":"Venkata Kotam Raju Poranki,&nbsp;B. Srinivasarao","doi":"10.1016/j.prime.2025.100895","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prime.2025.100895","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The Internet of Medical Things (IoMT) has emerged as a potential solution to various challenges in disease grading, offering enhanced communication between patients and doctors and providing more robust guidance for disease management. Diabetic Retinopathy (DR) grading is crucial for the timely diagnosis and treatment of this common complication of diabetes, which can lead to blindness if left untreated. Existing methods for DR grading often need more accuracy and efficiency due to challenges such as variations in image quality, subtle lesion features, and imbalanced datasets. Furthermore, existing DR grading methods have exhibited lower security properties due to the need for image encryption algorithms in the IoMT environment. A Secure DR Grading Network (SDRG-Net) is proposed to address these issues, integrating several advanced techniques. Firstly, preprocessing techniques are applied to normalize the EyePACS and Messidor datasets and prepare the images for subsequent analysis. Next, Multi Level Color Transformation (MLCT) based image encryption is employed to enhance the robustness and security of the data, ensuring patient privacy while maintaining diagnostic accuracy. The encrypted images are then fed into an Iterative Convolutional Neural Network (ICNN) architecture for feature extraction, leveraging deep learning capabilities to learn discriminative features from the retinal images automatically. This step enables the model to capture intricate patterns and abnormalities indicative of DR. Furthermore precisely, an Improved Red Deer Optimization (IRDO) algorithm is introduced for feature selection, which iteratively refines the feature space to retain the most informative features while discarding redundant or noisy ones. This enhances the efficiency and interpretability of the model, leading to improved performance in DR grading. Finally, a Bagging classifier is employed for classification, leveraging ensemble learning to combine multiple base classifiers trained on different subsets of the data. Finally, the proposed SDRG-Net achieves high performance with an accuracy of 99.65 % on the EyePACS dataset and 99.14 % on the Messidor dataset, demonstrating its robustness and effectiveness in DR grading.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100488,"journal":{"name":"e-Prime - Advances in Electrical Engineering, Electronics and Energy","volume":"11 ","pages":"Article 100895"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143178127","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Developing an IoT and ML-driven platform for fruit ripeness evaluation and spoilage detection: A case study on bananas","authors":"Rajini M ,&nbsp;Persis Voola","doi":"10.1016/j.prime.2025.100896","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prime.2025.100896","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Food waste is a significant global problem that demands immediate action to reduce it. This study presents a novel framework that merges Internet of Things (IoT) and machine learning (ML) technologies to detect fruit ripeness and spoilage, which is essential in minimizing losses in the cold chain process of fresh produce industry. The study employed temperature, humidity, and gas emission sensors along with an ESP32 microcontroller to establish a unique framework that achieved exceptional accuracy in predicting banana ripeness stages. This framework employed various machine learning algorithms to detect ripeness stages, with the CatBoost classifier exhibiting exceptional performance, demonstrating its dependability and effectiveness in assessing fruit quality. The benefits of this research extend beyond fruit ripeness detection and pave the way for future advancements in automating quality assessment in agricultural supply chains.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100488,"journal":{"name":"e-Prime - Advances in Electrical Engineering, Electronics and Energy","volume":"11 ","pages":"Article 100896"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143178128","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Design and performance analysis of digitally controlled multi-mode multi-band power amplifier for Sub-6 GHz applications","authors":"Ganesh Racha ,&nbsp;K Lal Kishore ,&nbsp;Yedukondalu Kamatham ,&nbsp;Srinivasa Rao Perumalla","doi":"10.1016/j.prime.2024.100888","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prime.2024.100888","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The user requirements for present real-time applications are addressed by using technology improvements to create portable User Equipment (UE) communications devices. This device helps to support multiple applications using different technology modes and frequency bands. This device is designed by using an RFFE with a Power Amplifier, LNA, Up/Down converters, etc. This paper deals with the design of Multi-Mode Multi-Band (MM-MB) PA using digital control logic to support technology modes of GSM, LTE, and LTE Wi-Fi. The Multi-Band frequencies to support Multi-Modes are 900 <em>MHz</em>, 1800 <em>MHz</em>, 2.4 <em>GHz</em>, and 5 <em>GHz</em> respectively for Sub-6 <em>GHz</em> (FR1) applications. The digital control logic is used to select the required mode and band as per the switching logic and the PA circuits are designed by using Class E with input matching, biasing, and tuning circuit using a matched load of 50 Ω impedance. All the designs are realized by using the Cadence Virtuoso environment and the performance metrics are evaluated using transient, Periodic Steady State, and Periodic S-Parameter analysis. The designed circuit at 900 <em>MHz</em> and 1800 <em>MHz</em> works with an output power of 17 <em>mW</em>, and 8 <em>mW</em> for an input power of 5 <em>dBm</em> respectively. The designed circuit at 2.4 <em>GHz</em> and 5 <em>GHz</em> works with a power of 37 <em>mW</em>, and 38 <em>mW</em> for an input power of 5 <em>dBm</em> respectively. All these PA circuits are digitally controlled to create MM-MB PA for Sub-6 <em>GHz</em> applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100488,"journal":{"name":"e-Prime - Advances in Electrical Engineering, Electronics and Energy","volume":"11 ","pages":"Article 100888"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143178129","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Voltage stability monitoring and improvement in a renewable energy dominated deregulated power system: A review","authors":"Karuppasamy Anthony,&nbsp;Venkadesan Arunachalam","doi":"10.1016/j.prime.2024.100893","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prime.2024.100893","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Recently, there has been a significant focus on voltage stability in power systems due to the difference between power generation and demand. Maintaining voltage stability poses challenges in power system planning and security assessment. Elements such as the growing demand for electricity, depletion of fossil fuels, environmental concerns, and infrastructure reliability have prompted power utility corporations to incorporate renewable sources into traditional power systems. However, there are issues with system voltage stability when non-dispatchable renewable energies like solar and wind energy are integrated into the current transmission and distribution networks. This paper comprehensively studies essential problems related to voltage instability in renewable-integrated systems, employing traditional and machine-learning techniques for voltage stability assessment. The paper also explores using different compensating devices, for example, fixed capacitors, flexible AC transmission systems (FACTS), and energy storage systems, to enhance voltage stability in distribution and transmission networks. Additionally, it examines locational marginal pricing in a deregulated environment. The findings and outcomes of this review offer valuable insights into voltage stability analysis in renewable integrated power systems and highlight upcoming investigation directions in the power system stability field.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100488,"journal":{"name":"e-Prime - Advances in Electrical Engineering, Electronics and Energy","volume":"11 ","pages":"Article 100893"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143178074","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative analysis of impedance and time-domain protection in HVAC and HVDC interconnected systems: A case study in Colombia","authors":"Alejandra Garzón ,&nbsp;David Celeita ,&nbsp;Gustavo Ramos ,&nbsp;Marc Petit ,&nbsp;Trung Dung Le ,&nbsp;Juan Pablo Hoyos ,&nbsp;Alexandre Bach","doi":"10.1016/j.prime.2024.100880","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prime.2024.100880","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>High Voltage Alternating Current (HVAC) and High Voltage Direct Current (HVDC) systems are essential for effective energy transition and electrification, introducing significant challenges in ensuring the reliability and security of power networks. This paper presents a comprehensive comparative analysis of impedance-based and time-domain protection schemes in the context of HVAC and HVDC interconnected systems. A case study in the diverse and challenging grid environment of Colombia serves as the backdrop for this research. Different fault scenarios were tested using COMTRADE files, revealing important insights when comparing impedance protection and traveling wave approaches, to highlight the strengths and weaknesses of both protection approaches. A key finding of this study is the identification of a potential vulnerability when relying solely on alternating current side protection for faults on the direct current side. The results demonstrate that protection schemes based on incremental values or voltage memory can yield unreliable results, particularly in scenarios involving power swings and rapidly changing fault conditions (influenced by factors such as magnitude, trajectory, and rate of change). These insights underscore the importance of using more robust, multi-dimensional protection strategies in interconnected systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100488,"journal":{"name":"e-Prime - Advances in Electrical Engineering, Electronics and Energy","volume":"11 ","pages":"Article 100880"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143177085","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Conformal design of a 60 GHz textile based self-complementary antenna for wireless body area network","authors":"H.M. Arifur Rahman ,&nbsp;Md. Nakib Alam Shovon ,&nbsp;Mohammad Monirujjaman Khan","doi":"10.1016/j.prime.2024.100892","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prime.2024.100892","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A self-complementary single element conformal antenna design has been presented in this paper for wireless body area networks (WBANs) that operate in the millimeter-wave spectrum range. The antenna is designed using a cotton-based substrate to keep it flexible and bendable to various degrees of angle, making it suitable to conform to naturally curved human body surfaces. Throughout the research, several computer simulation-based analyses have been done to identify the performance of the antenna. The free space simulation result of the antenna reveals a wide bandwidth under -10 dB with a resonant point at 60 GHz. The antenna has a dimension of 19.8 mm x 15 mm x 1.57 mm, including its substrate. With &gt;92 percent efficiency, the antenna achieves a superb gain value of &gt;10 dB To check the bending effect on the antenna, the design has been tested with five different bending angles from 30° to 70°. The antenna is designed to be implemented on the wireless body area network. The newly proposed conformal antenna has then been tested on a virtually created human torso phantom to carry out its human on-body performance check. For in-depth analysis, five different bending angles, including the curved torso, and five different distances from the human body have been performed. The antenna shows very stable results in all odd scenarios during its on-body tests. Based on the simulations, 2 mm to 6 mm gaps from the torso appear to produce the best results, with over 9 dB of gain and 70 % efficiency.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100488,"journal":{"name":"e-Prime - Advances in Electrical Engineering, Electronics and Energy","volume":"11 ","pages":"Article 100892"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143178075","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sensitivity of global solar irradiance to transposition models: Assessing risks associated with model discrepancies","authors":"Yasser F. Nassar ,&nbsp;Hala J. El-Khozondar ,&nbsp;Mohamed M. Khaleel ,&nbsp;Abdussalam A. Ahmed ,&nbsp;Abdulgader H. Alsharif ,&nbsp;Monaem Elmnifi ,&nbsp;Mark Amoah Nyasapoh","doi":"10.1016/j.prime.2024.100887","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prime.2024.100887","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Estimating solar irradiance is essential for solar energy systems evaluations, energy audit of buildings and. Global and sky-diffuse horizontal irradiances are measured by meteorological stations and satellites. Global horizontal solar irradiance is converted into a global tilted solar irradiance using transposition models (TMs). Despite its importance, many sites—especially isolated rural areas in need of sustainable energy sources—have a conspicuous dearth of information regarding these models. Significant errors can occur when choosing the incorrect TM for feasibility assessments or determining the optimum tilt angles (<em>β</em>) for solar collectors. A novel theory (Risky Index theory) for determining the least risky TM is introduced in this work. To evaluate and validate the proposed theory, eight commonly used TMs from literature, database platforms and software were chosen and tested on 133 sites with various climatic and geographical conditions in the Northern Hemisphere. The study concludes that risk index (RI) is &lt;10 % for all models when the collector is facing south with low tilt angles (<em>β</em>&lt;40°). However, for 40°&lt; <em>β</em>&lt;60° the RI rises above 15 %, and it becomes significant (RI&lt;50 %) as <em>β</em> becomes close to vertical plane. The least risky TM was determined for each site. The results matched satisfactorily with other researchers’ outputs without exceeding 3.5 % of error. A unique TM has been recommended for the entire world corresponding to each interval of <em>β</em>.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100488,"journal":{"name":"e-Prime - Advances in Electrical Engineering, Electronics and Energy","volume":"11 ","pages":"Article 100887"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143178121","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}