e-Prime - Advances in Electrical Engineering, Electronics and Energy最新文献

{"title":"Gradient search optimized interval type-2 fuzzy TID approach for stability enhancement of an islanded AC microgrid","authors":"Shibanika Panda,&nbsp;Alivarani Mohapatra,&nbsp;Byamakesh Nayak","doi":"10.1016/j.prime.2025.100927","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prime.2025.100927","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The islanded AC microgrid incorporates with low inertia and huge uncertainties, for which frequency instability issues are occurred under load dynamics and solar/wind uncertainties. This research paper proposed a resilient interval type-2 fuzzy tilt integral derivative (IT2-FTID) control strategy for obtaining frequency stability in the microgrid under various uncertainties. The model of an AC microgrid is developed with integrating multiple power-generating units based on renewable energy sources like solar and wind. These units, having capacities in the fractional megawatt range, form what is termed a microgrid. The microgrid's performance is influenced by significant load dynamics and uncertainties in wind speed and solar intensity, particularly affecting system frequency. To mitigate unwanted frequency fluctuations and maintain nominal frequency during various electrical disturbances, the resilient IT2-FTID controller operates as a secondary frequency control loop in the microgrid. Additionally, a novel Gradient-based Algorithm (GBA) with an effective objective function is applied to optimize the performance of the IT2-FTID controller. The effectiveness of the IT2-FTID approach is compared against basic type-1 fuzzy and conventional PID controllers, showing a frequency stability improvement of 111.76% and 205.88%, respectively. Finally, the convergence and optimization capabilities of the GBA are compared to Genetic Algorithm (GA) and standard Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) for demonstrating superior performance.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100488,"journal":{"name":"e-Prime - Advances in Electrical Engineering, Electronics and Energy","volume":"11 ","pages":"Article 100927"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143529860","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Robust ADRC-controlled bidirectional converters in fast DC BEV charging systems supporting G2V, V2G, and V2H operations","authors":"Imad Aboudrar ,&nbsp;Youssef Oubail ,&nbsp;Mouaad Boulakhbar ,&nbsp;AL-Wesabi Ibrahim ,&nbsp;Ilias Ouachtouk ,&nbsp;Kaoutar Saidi Alaoui","doi":"10.1016/j.prime.2025.100936","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prime.2025.100936","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The transition to electric vehicles (EVs) is accelerating, offering a transformative pathway to sustainable mobility and grid integration. The essential component to this transformation is Vehicle-to-Grid (V2G) and Vehicle-to-Home (V2H) technologies, which allow EVs to function as dispersed energy resources in addition to receiving electricity from the grid. Yet, achieving seamless and stable operation in both V2G and V2H modes presents intricate control challenges. This research article investigates the development of robust control strategies for EV chargers that can effectively operate in V2G and V2H modes while incorporating grid-forming concepts. The cornerstone of these strategies is Active Disturbance Rejection Control (ADRC), renowned for its ability to manage uncertainties and disturbances. ADRC serves as a critical solution for addressing the dynamic nature of V2G and V2H operations. Additionally, this article explores grid-forming concepts, particularly droop control, which plays a key role in V2H mode by enabling EV chargers to act as grid-forming sources. According to the case studies and simulations outcomes, this article demonstrates the effectiveness of ADRC-based control strategies, for both V2H and V2G operation modes. Finally, the Hardware-In-the-Loop (HIL) experiment is executed to validate the implementation feasibility of the V2G/V2H ADRC control strategy. Consequently, based on the extensive analysis and resulting insights, it becomes evident that the suggested methodology and its control mechanisms hold significant potential for widespread implementation in integrated Electric Vehicle Supply Equipment (EVSE) chargers.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100488,"journal":{"name":"e-Prime - Advances in Electrical Engineering, Electronics and Energy","volume":"11 ","pages":"Article 100936"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143580296","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Design of a circular patch sub-array microstrip antenna with dual linear polarization for Ku-band satellite communication applications","authors":"Riyani Jana Yanti ,&nbsp;Aditya Inzani Wahdiyat ,&nbsp;Eko Tjipto Rahardjo ,&nbsp;Fitri Yuli Zulkifli ,&nbsp;Catur Apriono","doi":"10.1016/j.prime.2025.100939","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prime.2025.100939","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A phased array antenna design is needed to address the needs of satellite communication systems with more precise beam direction levels, reduced in- terference, and significant capacity support. Antenna polarization is a crucial parameter that determines the orientation of the propagated electromagnetic wave and the maximum power generated. This research has designed dual linear polarization antennas with rhombus-shaped feed to address some of the shortcomings of previous designs, such as complex design, not compact, and difficulty matching impedance. Simulation results and S11 parameter measurements are less than −10 dB. Initial simulation results show that S11 is −48.36 dB at a frequency of 12.55 GHz with a bandwidth of 360 MHz and a gain of 8.991 dBi. The measurement results show a frequency shift to 12.33 GHz with an S11 value of −13.28 dB, a bandwidth of 310 MHz, and a gain of 7.627 dBi. The parameter shift is due to differences in the dimensions of the fabrication results and differences in the relative permittivity value of the substrate. After tuning the simulation, −22.68 dB was obtained on S11 at a frequency of 12.33 GHz with a bandwidth of 924 Mhz and a gain of 9.369 dBi. This study successfully designed and tested a compact linear dual-polarization patch sub-array antenna using a rhombus-shaped feeding technique for satellite communication receiver applications based on the S21 parameter results with maximum horizontal and vertical orientation values.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100488,"journal":{"name":"e-Prime - Advances in Electrical Engineering, Electronics and Energy","volume":"11 ","pages":"Article 100939"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143488305","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gate engineering solutions to mitigate short channel effects in a 20 nm MOSFET","authors":"Ahmed S. Al-Jawadi ,&nbsp;Mohammad Tariq Yaseen ,&nbsp;Qais Thanon Algwari","doi":"10.1016/j.prime.2025.100934","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prime.2025.100934","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This work presents a promising approach to addressing scaling challenges in advanced MOSFET technology. It proposes a novel MOSFET structure designed to enhance electrical performance by introducing asymmetry in the gate dielectric thickness. In the proposed design, the gate dielectric consists of a high-k material (HfO₂), with the oxide layer on the source side being three times thicker than that on the drain side. Using TCAD Silvaco simulations, the impact of this gate dielectric architecture on key parameters including threshold voltage, subthreshold swing, and gate leakage current was analyzed. The results demonstrate that the asymmetric dielectric design significantly enhances device performance, achieving a ∼12% reduction in leakage current, a 13% increase in ON current, and a subthreshold swing of ∼ 66 mV/dec. Furthermore, the non-uniform electric field distribution improves control over the pinch-off point and enhances immunity to short-channel effects.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100488,"journal":{"name":"e-Prime - Advances in Electrical Engineering, Electronics and Energy","volume":"11 ","pages":"Article 100934"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143445561","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Offline estimation of power system inertia distribution","authors":"Emmanuel Greddy Swetala ,&nbsp;Keren K. Kaberere ,&nbsp;Josiah Lange Munda","doi":"10.1016/j.prime.2025.100923","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prime.2025.100923","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In modern power systems, an accurate estimation of the inertia distribution is crucial to maintain stability and reliability. Traditional power systems are dominated by fossil fuel powered resources, which is a threat to climate change. The solution is to transform towards the application of renewable energy sources. The increasing integration of renewable energy sources that are inverter-based resources (IBRs) has led to an uneven inertia distribution, which affects the frequency stability and reliability of the power system. This study addresses the problem of inertia estimation by proposing a novel technique that quantifies inertia at each bus using generator current and synchronizing power coefficient components. This methodology involves reducing the power system network by applying Kron’s reduction theorem to obtain the contribution of the current of each generator to a particular bus and its respective synchronizing power coefficient. The normalized parameters are used to compute an electrical distance parameter, which is then used to obtain bus inertia. The performance and replicability of the proposed formulation are verified using the IEEE 9-Bus and 39-Bus.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100488,"journal":{"name":"e-Prime - Advances in Electrical Engineering, Electronics and Energy","volume":"11 ","pages":"Article 100923"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143419116","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Glaucoma detection from retinal fundus images using graph convolution based multi-task model","authors":"Satyabrata Lenka ,&nbsp;Zefree Lazarus Mayaluri ,&nbsp;Ganapati Panda","doi":"10.1016/j.prime.2025.100931","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prime.2025.100931","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Glaucoma is an abnormality in the eye condition that, if not treated within a safe time limit, can result in visual loss. Glaucoma diagnosis requires professionals to identify minor structural changes in the structure of the optic disc and optic cup from retinal fundus images in a short period. Deep learning algorithms have been employed effectively in the segmentation of biomedical images and the identification of diseases. To accomplish good generalization, model training requires comprehensive annotations, which is a difficult task. The intended objective of the present study is to come up with and train a distinctive multi-task deep learning model for automated fundus image segmentation and classification. The multi-task model learns for the segmentation task of Optic Disc (OD) and Optic Cup (OC) and the classification task for accurate glaucoma detection using both structural and image-based features. The multi-task model proposed a modified U-net architecture in which Mobile-Netv2 is used in the encoder part, Graph Convolution Network (GCN) is used in the decoder part, and an attention module (AM) is used to locate the region of interest (ROI) for better feature extraction. The implementation of this model is done using three fundus image datasets such as ORIGA, REFUGE, and DRISTI-GS. The performance of the proposed multi-task model is compared with some existing methods. It shows maximum accuracy of 97<em>.</em>43 % and AUROC of 0.985 for the glaucoma detection task and high-quality OD and OC segmented images with dice coefficient of 97<em>.</em>95 % and 96<em>.</em>11 % respectively for the segmentation task.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100488,"journal":{"name":"e-Prime - Advances in Electrical Engineering, Electronics and Energy","volume":"11 ","pages":"Article 100931"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143437470","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Grid Integration of EV: A review on stakeholder's objectives, challenges, and strategic implications","authors":"Al-Amin,&nbsp;GM Shafiullah,&nbsp;Md Shoeb,&nbsp;SM Ferdous,&nbsp;Martin Anda","doi":"10.1016/j.prime.2025.100930","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prime.2025.100930","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In recent years, research on Electric Vehicles (EVs) has gained considerable attention due to their potential to reduce reliance on fossil fuels and curb environmental pollution significantly. Various stakeholders play a pivotal role in the large-scale EV integration into the existing power grid by providing unique services, particularly in grid power management and charging of EV. This study provides a comprehensive analysis of the critical role played by key stakeholders in the large-scale integration of electric vehicles (EVs) into the power grid, with a particular focus on grid power management and charging infrastructure. It systematically examines the involvement of Distributed Network Operators (DNOs), EV Owners (EOs), and Charging Station Owners (CSOs), elucidating their respective objectives, responsibilities, and challenges. Furthermore, the paper delves into power management strategies, reactive power regulation, and advanced control methodologies aimed at enhancing grid stability. A case study on EV adoption in Western Australia is presented to contextualize current developments and future trajectories. The study concludes by identifying key challenges associated with EV-grid integration and providing strategic recommendations to facilitate a more resilient, efficient, and sustainable power system.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100488,"journal":{"name":"e-Prime - Advances in Electrical Engineering, Electronics and Energy","volume":"11 ","pages":"Article 100930"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143445934","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ambipolarity suppression in electrically doped tunnel field effect transistor using asymmetric bias in polarity gates","authors":"Akshatha Bhat ,&nbsp;Bhaskar Awadhiya ,&nbsp;Sameer Yadav ,&nbsp;Yashwanth Nanjappa ,&nbsp;Abhishek Pahuja ,&nbsp;Sachin Agrawal","doi":"10.1016/j.prime.2025.100928","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prime.2025.100928","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this article, we have addressed an important issue called ambipolarity in electrically doped tunnel field effect transistors, which greatly hinders its use in circuit applications. We introduced asymmetric biasing in polarity gates 1 and 2 of the electrically doped TFET. Polarity gate 2 has a fixed bias of -1.2 V and polarity gate 1 is provided with a variable bias of +1.2 V, +1.0 V, and +0 .8V. The asymmetric bias in both polarity gates introduces asymmetric doping in the source and drain regions, which introduces a wider tunneling width in the drain-channel region and prevents the tunneling of holes; hence, the ambipolar current is suppressed. The structure is studied in the thermal equilibrium, OFF, ON, and ambipolar states.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100488,"journal":{"name":"e-Prime - Advances in Electrical Engineering, Electronics and Energy","volume":"11 ","pages":"Article 100928"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143445932","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Low-cost embedded facial recognition system based on overlapped local binary pattern","authors":"M．Imad Ouloul ,&nbsp;Zakaria Moutakki ,&nbsp;Abdellah Amghar ,&nbsp;Karim Afdel","doi":"10.1016/j.prime.2025.100924","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prime.2025.100924","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>To establish high-performance facial recognition systems, image descriptor-based methods have been widely adopted in the state-of-the-art. These methods are mainly designed to be run on general-purpose computers. Hence, during the development phase, hardware resources such as available memory and CPU frequency are not considered. Conversely, as low-cost architectures are designed to perform a specific task. Thus, they have limited hardware resources in terms of operating frequency and available memory. Nevertheless, they include essential properties such as autonomy, portability, and low-cost. The facial recognition approaches that will be implemented on hardware architectures will benefit from these properties. In particular, the low-cost will allow the use of facial recognition systems on a large-scale. To overcome this problem, in this work, a trade-off between accuracy and execution time was considered throughout the development phase. To this end, the proposed design methodology is based on the use an image descriptor based on integer computation, as embedded processors are generally inadequate for floating-point calculations. In light of this, the well-known LBP descriptor will be utilized to extract facial features, and specially, we will use the technique of centrally overlapped blocks (CoB) which consists of combining the centers of the distinct blocks in order to preserve the spatial distribution of pixels. Indeed, the LBP descriptor has undergone extensive testing in general-purpose computers, where it has demonstrated its effectiveness. In this study, we aim to evaluate the performance of this descriptor within a low-cost embedded architecture. The proof-of-concept is performed on the low-cost ZC702 SoC FPGA board, which includes a Dual ARM Cortex-A9 with FPGA fabric. The experimental study conducted on the AR, ORL, Yale and Face-95 databases proved the high performance of the proposed system in comparison with the state-of-the-art approaches, where we achieve a recognition rate of respectively 98.88%, 92.50%, 95.55% and 97.40% on the AR, ORL, Yale and Face-95 databases, with a response time of 40 ms.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100488,"journal":{"name":"e-Prime - Advances in Electrical Engineering, Electronics and Energy","volume":"11 ","pages":"Article 100924"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143445933","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhancing electric vehicle charging infrastructure: A framework for efficient charging point management","authors":"Prajeesh C B ,&nbsp;Krishna Priya R ,&nbsp;Anju S Pillai ,&nbsp;Ahmed S Khwaja ,&nbsp;Alagan Anpalagan","doi":"10.1016/j.prime.2025.100926","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prime.2025.100926","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The rise of electric vehicles (EVs) in the transportation sector aids in curbing global greenhouse gas emissions yet efficiently integrating them into the existing infrastructure presents challenges in guaranteeing the real-time availability of charging points and the dynamic nature of electric mobility. This paper presents a novel dynamic demand scheduling framework that utilizes predictive analytics to address the issue of emergency charging requests; situations where an EV urgently require to reach a charging point due to critically low battery levels. The framework is integrated with advanced dynamic demand scheduling algorithm (ADDSA), which utilizes real-time charging data collected from Trivandrum, Kerala state, India. Using the comprehensive dataset, the framework identifies delayed EVs and considers the charging point status (active, idle or faulty) and charging point pricing to optimize the charging station allocation. By employing the K-Means clustering algorithm, the ADDSA categorizes charging points based on their performance and availability. To evaluate the effectiveness of these clusters, we utilize internal metrics such as the Silhouette score, Calinski-Harabasz (CH) index, and Davies-Bouldin (DB) index. Our findings demonstrate that K-Means outperforms other clustering algorithms, including DBSCAN, K-Medoids, Agglomerative clustering, and Gaussian mixture models (GMM), with a CH score of 1200, a Silhouette score of 0.45, and a DB score of 0.74. In the final stage of ADDSA, groups of available charging points along with their pricing information is generated, facilitating informed decision-making for EV users. With the rapid growth of the EV population, our unique dynamic demand scheduling framework, featuring real-time constraints, offers a promising solution for efficiently addressing the emergency charging needs of EVs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100488,"journal":{"name":"e-Prime - Advances in Electrical Engineering, Electronics and Energy","volume":"11 ","pages":"Article 100926"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143454706","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}