e-Prime - Advances in Electrical Engineering, Electronics and Energy最新文献

{"title":"Improving MHz - GHz partial discharge detection using high-gain low-noise amplifiers with modified cascade and cascode topologies","authors":"Handrata Roy Josia,&nbsp;Khalisa Prabhasalma,&nbsp;Umar Khayam","doi":"10.1016/j.prime.2025.100929","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prime.2025.100929","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study proposes an implementation of Low Noise Amplifier (LNA) for Partial Discharge (PD) detection in high voltage equipment, particularly covering the frequency range of MHz to GHz. Ultra-High Frequency (UHF) antennas, which are commonly used for modern PD detections, provide higher sensitivity and better signal detection but lack the amplitude required to effectively display the PD signals. To further improve PD detection, two topologies of LNAs which uses Heterojunction Bipolar Transistor (HBT), cascode and cascade of cascode, is proposed. The proposed LNA testing results show that the Cascode LNA had a gain of 19.9 dB with a bandwidth (-3 dB) of 1.86 MHz to 3318.84 MHz, while the Cascade of Cascode LNA had a gain of 31.2 dB with a bandwidth (-3 dB) of 7.11 MHz to 3124.87 MHz. This difference in gain and bandwidth will affect the characteristics of partial discharge detection, which will be seen in the real PD test. In the PD test, using a Micro-Strip Antenna and a Cube Antenna as detectors, it was found that both LNAs were able to increase the number of PRPD points obtained, especially in the detector that had a higher level of background noise. Higher gain and wider bandwidth also improved the amount of PRPD points detected, particularly in cycles where PD was less detectable without LNA. Both LNAs also show improvements in the visibility of fall time. The use of an LNA is proven to be crucial in PD detection due to the weak nature of PD signals, typically in the millivolt range, and it meets the requirements of IEC60270 and IEC62478 standards for PD measurements. Overall, LNA will improve the accuracy and reliability of PD detection systems, and the experiments have further emphasized the importance of LNA for voltages near PDIV to amplify weak PDs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100488,"journal":{"name":"e-Prime - Advances in Electrical Engineering, Electronics and Energy","volume":"11 ","pages":"Article 100929"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143474429","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ANFIS based SVPWM controlled indirect matrix converter fed single sided linear induction motor drive","authors":"M. Ravindrababu ,&nbsp;M. Nagaraju ,&nbsp;G. Durga Sukumar ,&nbsp;Mahaboob Shareef Syed","doi":"10.1016/j.prime.2025.100932","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prime.2025.100932","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Single-sided linear induction motors (SLIM) are becoming more and more popular in industry and transportation because of their many benefits, including their low cost, high efficiency, and ability to move without the need for motion transfer devices. But because of parameters or variables that change over time, SLIM's closed-loop control is extremely complex. For the closed-loop drive to be designed, an accurate mathematical model is therefore necessary. Back-to-back AC–DC and DC–AC converters with a large intermediate coupling capacitor are typically needed for closed loops. Back-to-back converter use is limited by the large capacitor. Indirect matrix converters (IMCs) are used to get around coupling capacitor limitations. Nevertheless, the virtual DC link experiences more voltage fluctuations when IMC is controlling with space vector modulation. This study employs a space vector modulation technique based on the Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Inference System (ANFIS) to regulate the rectifier stage of an IMC in addition to traditional space vector modulation for an inverter stage. The matrix converter performance is analyzed by supplying power to SLIM which is controlling with an indirect vector control method. The performance of IMC fed SLID drive is compared with the VSI (Voltage Source Inverter) fed SLIM drive. The IMC fed SLIM drive exhibits better results in terms of reduction of thrust force ripples to 66 %, 27 % less settling time of velocity, THD of current &amp; voltages are reduced to 13.55 % and 3.44 % respectively than the VSI fed SLIM drive. The results are validated with the modeling of system in MATLAB/Simulink and practical setup. The practical setup of 1HP, Thee phase, 400 V, 50 Hz SLIM and dSPACE 1104 are used.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100488,"journal":{"name":"e-Prime - Advances in Electrical Engineering, Electronics and Energy","volume":"11 ","pages":"Article 100932"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143463573","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hybrid algorithm for fault detection in three-phase motors using Principal Component Analysis","authors":"Cesar Orellana,&nbsp;Leony Ortiz,&nbsp;Alexander Aguila,&nbsp;Marcelo Garcia,&nbsp;Milton Ruiz","doi":"10.1016/j.prime.2025.100916","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prime.2025.100916","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This research proposes developing an innovative algorithm for fault detection in three-phase motors using Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and PLECS-Matlab co-simulation. The method is based on the enforced training of the algorithm using normalized historical data of all observed or estimated motor variables. Additionally, the algorithm combines strategies for handling the principal component space and defines detection thresholds using the ratio of variances and Hotelling’s T<span><math><msup><mrow></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></msup></math></span> distribution. This provides an ellipsoid threshold that separates different classes, such as regular operation or fault conditions. The results show that this approach demonstrates excellent efficacy in the timely detection of faults, forming the basis for predictive maintenance management. To record data for different fault classes, a fault injection system was developed in the electrical scheme of the simulation model and in a real squirrel cage induction motor. The simulation model proposed three typical faults for the study: eccentricity, stator harmonics, and rotor bar breakage. The results demonstrate that the fault detection method proposed in this work, validated with fault indices at 10% and 90%, achieves 100% detection of the proposed faults with a detection rate greater than 98%. In addition, similar results were obtained with measured data in a real application. Using PLECS-Matlab co-simulation allowed the development and validation of the proposed fault detection method.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100488,"journal":{"name":"e-Prime - Advances in Electrical Engineering, Electronics and Energy","volume":"11 ","pages":"Article 100916"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143395659","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Modular nine-level single-phase inverter with quadruple voltage gain using reduced blocking voltage switches","authors":"V. Fernão Pires ,&nbsp;Armando Cordeiro ,&nbsp;Daniel Foito ,&nbsp;Joaquim Monteiro ,&nbsp;Hao Chen ,&nbsp;J. Fernando Silva","doi":"10.1016/j.prime.2025.100920","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prime.2025.100920","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper presents a novel approach to enhancing modular voltage source inverters, focusing on achieving high-voltage gain and minimizing harmonic distortion. The suggested solution includes a transformerless, single-phase, nine-level voltage source inverter that cuts down on the number of passive parts that are needed while still achieving a high-voltage gain of up to four times the input DC voltage sources. An essential feature of this topology is that all the switches are subjected to a maximum blocking voltage four times lower than the maximum AC voltage that can be applied to the load. Consequently, this leads to a significant reduction in the Total Voltage Blocking, standardization of the power semiconductors, and converter modularity structure. Furthermore, the proposed inverter topology presents voltage self-balancing capability, eliminating any balancing issues for the two floating capacitors of each voltage source inverter. The theoretical assumptions put forward in this study will be tested through experimental results obtained from a laboratory prototype.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100488,"journal":{"name":"e-Prime - Advances in Electrical Engineering, Electronics and Energy","volume":"11 ","pages":"Article 100920"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143350105","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Electrical energy storage combined with renewable hydrogen production","authors":"Sini Huhtinen ,&nbsp;Eemeli Tsupari ,&nbsp;Miika Rämä","doi":"10.1016/j.prime.2025.100922","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prime.2025.100922","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The applications and need for large-scale, long-duration electrical energy storage are growing as both the share of renewable energy in energy systems and the demand for flexibility increase. One potential application is the renewable hydrogen industry, where temporal matching of renewable electricity generation and hydrogen production will be required in the future according to the new European Union regulations. In this paper, a case study of electrical energy storage utilization in hydrogen production is conducted in the Nordic context, with a high share of wind production. The storage is used in the hydrogen production process for temporal matching. The levelized cost of storage of three medium- to long-term storage technologies is assessed using an Excel-based model, with four case approaches. In the first case approach, the electrolyzer load is inflexible, while the other approaches explore how the flexibility of the electrolyzer and the increase in renewable production capacity affect the size and cost of the storage. Electro-thermal energy storage, based on sand as storage material, presented the lowest levelized cost of storage (114–198 €/MWh) due to its low energy-related investment cost. However, the results show that additional usage purposes for all examined storage technologies are required to avoid high investment costs. Additionally, flexibility from the electrolyzer load and over-investing in renewable capacity is required. In conclusion, storage should not be the only component providing flexibility in the studied system, and it should be used to integrate multiple assets in the wider energy system to reach cost-effectiveness. This paper brings novelty by expanding on the storage technology options considered in previous literature and deepening the perspective of storage as a component in renewable hydrogen production. Future research should assess the effect of electricity prices and emissions allowance prices from the regulatory perspective, which could further reduce the storage investment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100488,"journal":{"name":"e-Prime - Advances in Electrical Engineering, Electronics and Energy","volume":"11 ","pages":"Article 100922"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143419115","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Advanced thyristor-based cycloconverter for efficient three-phase conversion with low THD","authors":"Mahbubur Rahman Tahmid ,&nbsp;Md. Abdul Malek ,&nbsp;Md. Rafiul Islam ,&nbsp;Muhammad Abdul Goffar Khan","doi":"10.1016/j.prime.2025.100918","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prime.2025.100918","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The growing demand for sustainable systems capable of serving three-phase loads from a single-phase grid has spurred significant research. Conventional DC-link-based single-phase to three-phase converters and variable frequency drives require massive and expensive processing units. Additionally, they have a high conduction loss as they involve multiple conversion stages. Similarly, traditional single-phase to three-phase cycloconverters suffer from excessive harmonic distortion in the output voltage and current. This article proposes a new single-phase to three-phase cycloconverter to reduce harmonics of the output voltage. This design employs a Specially-tapped Single-phase Transformer (STSPT), in which the secondary side of the transformer has 4 extra taps to create multiple voltage levels of sinusoidal pulses. These taps are placed according to calculations and simulations, which enabling frequency and phase conversion using only a single conversion stage with a reduced THD. Detailed analysis is presented, including its response to variable output frequency settings such as 16.67 Hz, 12.5 Hz, 10 Hz, and 8.33 Hz with resistive and motor loads. Multiple voltage levels of sinusoidal pulses in the output signal theoretically reduce the THD by up to 20% compared to conventional designs. A prototype of the cycloconverter was developed and the experimental results confirm close agreement with the theoretical predictions, demonstrating a THD reduction of up to 19% in the output voltage and current compared to conventional models, which makes it a reliable system to drive three-phase loads from a single-phase supply.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100488,"journal":{"name":"e-Prime - Advances in Electrical Engineering, Electronics and Energy","volume":"11 ","pages":"Article 100918"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143376438","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analyzing frequency spectrum and Total Harmonic Distortion for high switching frequency operation of GaN-based filter-less multilevel cascaded H-bridge inverter","authors":"Ramkrishna Mishan,&nbsp;Xingang Fu,&nbsp;Chanakya Hingu,&nbsp;Poria Fajri","doi":"10.1016/j.prime.2025.100906","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prime.2025.100906","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The recent innovations in the utilization of high switching frequency operation of Gallium Nitride (GaN) switches may further transform the output voltage’s frequency spectrum and Total Harmonic Distortion (THD), facilitating the possibility of operating in filter-less conditions, smaller size and cost-effectiveness, albeit with certain drawbacks. This investigation delves into the capability of GaN switches to achieve MHz switching frequencies within symmetric, higher multilevel cascaded H-bridge (CHB) configurations. The switching phase delay and cell voltage are set accurately for higher-level CHB and high switching frequency operation. Despite the advantageous electrical properties of GaN switches for switching operation, their assimilation into high multilevel CHB inverter designs at MHz frequencies poses considerable challenges regarding efficiency, control, and the minimization of THD. This study employs a simulation software PLECS model of the GaN switch to assess symmetric phase-shift pulse width modulation techniques. Later, the efficacy of filterless GaN-based multilevel inverters in diminishing THD is thoroughly investigated using the Texas Instruments microcontroller (TMS320F28335) and the GaN half-bridge EVALUATION BOARD: GS66516T from GaN System Inc. (now Infineon Technologies AG). The simulation results have demonstrated when using 25-level CHB inverters, the THD reaches the 5% requirements, which satisfies the needs of most power electronics applications. Experimental outcomes indicate a notable frequency spectrum change with high-level and high switching frequency operation, corroborating the efficacy of filterless GaN switches. This paper analyzes the Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) and THD of the CHB inverter output from the PLECS simulation model and the actual hardware inverter terminal-end voltage outputs. This comparison identifies the optimum switching frequency operation range for specific levels in the PLECS simulation and the actual CHB inverter.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100488,"journal":{"name":"e-Prime - Advances in Electrical Engineering, Electronics and Energy","volume":"11 ","pages":"Article 100906"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143376437","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identification of multiple power quality disturbances in hybrid microgrid using deep stacked auto-encoder based bi-directional LSTM classifier","authors":"Ravi Kumar Jalli ,&nbsp;Lipsa Priyadarshini ,&nbsp;P.K. Dash ,&nbsp;Ranjeeta Bisoi","doi":"10.1016/j.prime.2025.100919","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prime.2025.100919","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In recent years microgrid technology has created widespread interest for the integration of renewable energy sources into main utility grid to supply clean energy to the end users. However, the use of power electronic equipments, electronic controllers, and uncertain nature of the renewable energy sources, in the microgrid network power quality disturbances (PQD) are becoming quite complex and challenging task. Thus to design an effective PQD recognition system, this paper proposes a novel time-frequency analysis method based on adaptively fast complementary ensemble local mean decomposition (AFCELMD) technique that decomposes the multicomponent PQD signal into a series of demodulated product functions (PFs). Out of the several PFs the most sensitive one is selected adaptively and used for feature extraction and classification through a deep stacked auto-encoder (dSAE) hybridized with a time-recursive bi-directional long short term memory (BiLSTM) network classifier. The proposed BILSTM classifier captures the temporal features and their long term dependencies from the processed PF data samples and detects single and simultaneously occurring twenty complex power quality disturbances in the grid connected mode and five PQDs during uncertain PV insolence variation and load and capacitor switching during islanded mode of microgrid operation with significant accuracy of 99.90%.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100488,"journal":{"name":"e-Prime - Advances in Electrical Engineering, Electronics and Energy","volume":"11 ","pages":"Article 100919"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143349378","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bad data detection enabled estimation based PSS for a grid connected generator","authors":"Vikas Bhalla,&nbsp;Ganesh P. Prajapat,&nbsp;Anuja Harsh","doi":"10.1016/j.prime.2025.100921","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prime.2025.100921","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The Power System Stabilizers (PSS) placed in the generators mitigate the low frequency oscillations and ensure the stable operation of the power system. A conventional PSS takes generator speed as input and passes it through the wash-out and lead-lag compensator to further achieve the suitable input to the excitation system. The generator speed used as input for the PSS is typically a mechanical measurement which can sometimes include errors due to inaccuracies in the speed sensor. This may result in the malfunction of the PSS. To address this issue, this article proposes an Estimation-Based PSS (EB-PSS) that utilizes an estimated generator speed instead of the directly measured value. Thereby, the proposed EB-PSS eliminates reliance on the mechanical speed sensor, enhancing its robustness and reliability. The Unscented Kalman Filter (UKF) has been used as estimator which takes the generator voltage and current as measurements along with the system dynamics and provides the estimated speed for further use in PSS. It is enabled with the detection of the bad-data in the measurements which alarms when poor data are being fetch. It was found that the proposed method significantly improves the dynamic stability of both Single Machine Infinite Bus (SMIB) system and WSCC 3-machine 9-bus power systems under various disturbances, without requiring additional sensors. The results also demonstrate that the proposed approach effectively detects bad measurements.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100488,"journal":{"name":"e-Prime - Advances in Electrical Engineering, Electronics and Energy","volume":"11 ","pages":"Article 100921"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143419112","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hybrid control strategy using iterative learning and state-dependent Riccati equation for enhanced precision in parallel delta robots","authors":"Morsy El Gezery ,&nbsp;Mahmoud Abdelaal ,&nbsp;Mohmad Osama ,&nbsp;Ahmed Elassal","doi":"10.1016/j.prime.2025.100915","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prime.2025.100915","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Parallel delta robots are widely used in industrial automation for high-speed, high-precision tasks such as pick-and-place operations. However, traditional control methods like Proportional-Derivative (PD) controllers often struggle to handle the nonlinear dynamics of these systems, leading to suboptimal performance and stability issues. This study proposes an innovative control framework that combines a PD-type controller with a State-Dependent Riccati Equation (SDRE) approach, augmented by Iterative Learning Control (ILC), to address these challenges. The SDRE framework dynamically adjusts system parameters to enhance stability margins, while the ILC component iteratively refines control inputs based on error patterns, achieving progressively improved precision. The proposed method was validated through both simulations and experimental testing on a parallel delta robot, focusing on regulation and tracking tasks. The experimental setup included a mechanical manipulator controlled via the hybrid SDRE-ILC framework, with performance benchmarks compared to traditional PD controllers. Results demonstrated an 85 % reduction in system errors across successive iterations, confirming the efficacy of the approach. The hybrid framework not only improved stability and tracking accuracy but also provided adaptability to dynamic conditions. This study offers a robust and scalable solution for enhancing the performance of parallel delta robots, particularly in applications demanding high precision and reliability, such as assembly lines, packaging, and surgical robotics. The findings emphasize the potential of integrating advanced control strategies to overcome the inherent limitations of conventional methods, paving the way for more efficient industrial automation systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100488,"journal":{"name":"e-Prime - Advances in Electrical Engineering, Electronics and Energy","volume":"11 ","pages":"Article 100915"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143395652","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}