空气对流冷却光伏板。参数环境和经济分析与案例研究

e-Prime - Advances in Electrical Engineering, Electronics and Energy Pub Date : 2025-05-17 DOI:10.1016/j.prime.2025.101020

Tarek Ibrahim , Jalal Faraj , Khalid Kisswani , Georges El Achkar , Rabih Murr , Mahmoud Khaled

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引用次数: 0

摘要

光伏（PV）板利用光电效应发电，从太阳中收集太阳辐射。然而，光子在PV面板上表面的撞击会增加其温度，从而降低其效率。目前的工作参数化地解决了在自由对流和强制对流中冷却光伏板的不同经济和环境方面的问题。接下来，考虑了文献中介绍的三种不同冷却方法的三种不同效率增强的集群，并确定了每种冷却方法的每个集群的能源生产，节约和二氧化碳减排的中位数，为光伏应用参数化提供了特别的见解。在黎巴嫩气候条件下，从文献中检索到并在本次调查中研究的冷却方法有：强迫对流PV （forced -PV）、自由对流翅片PV （free - fins -PV）和强迫对流翅片PV （forced - fins -PV）。结果乘以R（应用实际耗电量与最大光伏输出功率的比值）表明，强制翅片式光伏的平均节能、节能和二氧化碳减排价值在家庭案例中最高，分别为569.09 × R kWh、244.7 × R和330 × R kg；在发电厂案例中分别为121045.81 × R kWh、52049.69 × R、70206.57 × R kg。结果表明，强制对流带翅片PV、自由对流带翅片PV和强制对流PV的投资回收期分别为1.41年、1.32年和1.21年。此外，相对效率的提高与光伏能源的提高、节约量的增加和二氧化碳的减少之间存在直接的线性关系。在7月份，效率提高了40%，平均节约23.51美元/平方米，二氧化碳减少31.71公斤/平方米。

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Cooling photovoltaic panels with air convection – Parametric environmental and economic analysis with case studies

Photovoltaic (PV) panels generate electricity due to photoelectric effect, harvesting solar radiation from the sun. However, the hit of photons on the upper surface of the PV panel increases its temperature, and as a result, decreases its efficiency. The present work parametrically addresses the different economic and environmental aspects of cooling photovoltaic panels with air convection in free and forced convections for a house and a power plant. To proceed, a cluster of three different efficiency enhancements for three different cooling methods introduced in the literature have been considered and energy production, savings, and CO₂ emission reductions have been identified for the median value of each cluster for each cooling method, providing particular insights on PV application parametrically. The cooling methods retrieved from the literature and studied in the current investigation under the climatic condition of Lebanon were: forced convection PV (Forced-PV), free convection with finned plate PV (Free-Finned-PV), and forced convection with finned plate PV (Forced-Finned-PV). Results, multiplied by R, the ratio of application’s actual power consumption to the maximum PV power output, have shown that Forced-Finned-PV had the highest average energy enhancement, savings, and CO₂ reduction values of 569.09 × R kWh, $244.7 × R, and 330 × R kg respectively for the domestic house case, and 121045.81 × R kWh, $52049.69 × R, 70206.57 × R kg respectively for the power plant case. Results have also shown a payback period of 1.41 years, 1.32 years, and 1.21 years for the cases of forced convection with finned plate PV, free convection with finned plate, and forced convection PV respectively. Additionally, a direct linear relationship was noticed between the relative efficiency increase and the PV energy enhancement, savings increase, and CO₂ reduction, where during July month an average savings and CO₂ reduction of 23.51