Chemical record最新文献

{"title":"Advances in Catalytic and Metal-Free Synthesis of Benzothiadiazine 1-Oxides, 1,1-Dioxides, and 1-Imines","authors":"Irsa Kainat,&nbsp;Muhammad Khuzaifa,&nbsp;Yuqing Cao,&nbsp;Qingle Zeng","doi":"10.1002/tcr.70198","DOIUrl":"10.1002/tcr.70198","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Benzothiadiazine derivatives are an important class of sulfur–nitrogen heterocycles widely recognized in medicinal chemistry for their structural flexibility and varied biological effects. This review highlights recent developments in the synthesis of benzothiadiazine-derived compounds, including 1-oxides, 1,1-dioxides, and newly explored 1-imines. It focuses on contemporary synthetic methods, including transition-metal catalysis, cascade reactions, heterogeneous catalysis (polyoxometalates and metal-organic frameworks), and environmentally friendly metal-free approaches. The review discusses the scope, effectiveness, and limitations of these techniques, alongside their key biological applications in cardiovascular, anticancer, antiviral, and neurological fields. Additionally, it underscores existing challenges and future research directions to foster the development of more efficient and sustainable synthetic strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":10046,"journal":{"name":"Chemical record","volume":"26 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.9,"publicationDate":"2026-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148283395","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Advances in Ammonium Ion Supercapacitors Based on Two-Dimensional Electrode Materials: A Comprehensive Review","authors":"Shafqat Ali,&nbsp;Muhammad Ahsan Farooq Qaisar,&nbsp;Salamat Ali,&nbsp;Dequan Liu,&nbsp;Inaam Ullah,&nbsp;Danqing Pu,&nbsp;Ruoan Li,&nbsp;Han Guo,&nbsp;Runze Ma,&nbsp;Hira Zahid,&nbsp;Kai Sun,&nbsp;Ying Wu,&nbsp;Jing Qi,&nbsp;Deyan He","doi":"10.1002/tcr.70184","DOIUrl":"10.1002/tcr.70184","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Supercapacitors (SCs) are rapidly emerging as an essential class in future energy storage devices (ESDs) because of their exceptional power density, rapid charge–discharge kinetics, extended cycle life, and environmental sustainability. Among various electrolyte innovations, ammonium (NH₄⁺) ions have recently garnered significant attention due to their inherent safety, fast transport properties, and sustainable resources. However, the development of high-performance NH₄⁺-based SCs remains in its early stages. The strategic selection and design of compatible two-dimensional (2D) electrode materials, such as MXenes, graphene, transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs), and metal–organic frameworks (MOFs), etc., are critical to unlocking their full potential. This review provides a comprehensive analysis of NH₄⁺ ion electrolytes and their synergy with 2D electrode materials for advanced SCs. We systematically summarize recent advances in the rational design of 2D materials and evaluate their compatibility with NH₄⁺ electrolytes to enhance charge storage performance. Furthermore, we offer critical insights into material engineering strategies aimed at achieving superior electrochemical properties in NH₄⁺-based SCs. Ultimately, this work aims to serve as a foundational reference for guiding the selection and optimization of 2D materials and NH₄⁺ electrolytes, thereby accelerating the development of next-generation high-performance SCs.</p>","PeriodicalId":10046,"journal":{"name":"Chemical record","volume":"26 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.9,"publicationDate":"2026-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148270585","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Entropy-Engineered Catalysts for Electrochemical Nitrate Reduction to Ammonia","authors":"Aqsa Dildar,&nbsp;Walija Maqsood,&nbsp;Muhammad Ismail,&nbsp;Urva-Tul- Wusqa,&nbsp;Nadia Tahir,&nbsp;Muhammad Akmal,&nbsp;Tayyaba Najam,&nbsp;Syed Shoaib Ahmad Shah","doi":"10.1002/tcr.70173","DOIUrl":"10.1002/tcr.70173","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Medium-entropy alloys (MEAs) and high-entropy alloys (HEAs) have recently emerged as promising electrocatalysts, owing to their compositional complexity, electronic tunability, and configurational entropy. They offer a diverse array of active sites, favorable adsorption energies, and enhanced structural stability, enabling efficient and selective multielectron nitrate reduction. Herein, we critically examine the recent advances in MEA/HEA-based electrocatalysts for nitrate reduction reaction (NO₃RR), detailing their synthetic strategies, phase behaviors, structure and property relationships, and mechanistic pathways. Mechanistic insights into NO₃RR, with emphasis on proton-coupled electron transfer, intermediate stabilization, and hydrogen evolution suppression, are also discussed. A comparative assessment with monometallic and bimetallic systems is presented to highlight the advantages conferred by entropy-driven design. Moreover, recent developments in operando characterization, density functional theory modeling, and alloy microstructure optimization are reviewed to provide a comprehensive understanding of catalyst behavior. This work outlines key challenges, such as atomic-scale surface control and long-term durability, and proposes future directions to advance entropy-engineered catalysts in sustainable nitrogen chemistry. The review bridges the gap between fundamental alloy theory and practical applications, positioning MEAs and HEAs as next-generation electrocatalysts for green NH₃ synthesis.</p>","PeriodicalId":10046,"journal":{"name":"Chemical record","volume":"26 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.9,"publicationDate":"2026-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148197463","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Chiral Graphene Quantum Dots and Carbon Dots: From Chirality Induction to Spin-Selective Effects and Advanced Applications","authors":"Aumber Abbas,&nbsp;Taskeen Zahra,&nbsp;Shabnum Rubab,&nbsp;Saleem Abbas,&nbsp;Imran Sadiq,&nbsp;Muhammad Mateen,&nbsp;Yasir Abbas,&nbsp;Ejaz Hussain,&nbsp;Faheem Abbas,&nbsp;Nouman Ahmed,&nbsp;Muhammad Irfan Ullah,&nbsp;Elyor Saitov,&nbsp;Sajjad Haider,&nbsp;Junfei Ou","doi":"10.1002/tcr.70196","DOIUrl":"10.1002/tcr.70196","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Chiral graphene quantum dots (GQDs) and carbon dots (CDs) represent a groundbreaking fusion of carbon nanotechnology and chirality science. These nanomaterials transcend their achiral counterparts by integrating exceptional biocompatibility and tunable photoluminescence with sophisticated chiroptical properties and the chirality-induced spin selectivity (CISS) effect. This review provides a comprehensive and critical analysis of the rapid evolution of this dynamic field. We first elucidate the fundamental origins of chirality—from chiral surface functionalization and intrinsic lattice distortion to supramolecular assembly—and detail the advanced spectroscopic techniques for its quantification. A systematic evaluation of synthetic methodologies, spanning one-step, two-step, and chiral composite strategies, is presented, highlighting the critical trade-offs between structural control and chiroptical strength. The discussion of core properties delves beyond conventional photoluminescence to explore the mechanisms and tunability of circularly polarized luminescence, room-temperature phosphorescence, and the transformative CISS effect. We subsequently explore how these properties enable state-of-the-art applications in enantioselective biosensing, targeted bioimaging and drug delivery, asymmetric catalysis, and next-generation spin-optoelectronics. The review concludes with a forward-looking perspective, outlining the key scientific challenges in synthesis, stability, and fundamental understanding that must be overcome to transition these promising materials from laboratory demonstrations to practical technologies.</p>","PeriodicalId":10046,"journal":{"name":"Chemical record","volume":"26 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.9,"publicationDate":"2026-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148351111","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multistep Regulation of Ionic Liquids in Photocatalytic CO2 Reduction: From Capture, Preactivation, Carrier to Pathway Control","authors":"Xiaoyue Zhang,&nbsp;Hui Chen,&nbsp;Dong Liang,&nbsp;Tianbin Zhu,&nbsp;Lei Zhao,&nbsp;George Zheng Chen","doi":"10.1002/tcr.70195","DOIUrl":"10.1002/tcr.70195","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Ionic liquids (ILs) have attracted extensive attention in the field of photocatalytic CO₂ reduction due to their unique advantages in the synthesis of photocatalytic materials and the regulation of interfacial reactions. However, the key regulatory mechanisms of photogenerated carrier behavior and reaction pathways in dynamic photocatalytic reactions are not yet systematically summarized. This article focuses on the multiple roles of ILs in photocatalytic CO₂ reduction, focusing on their key contributions in enhancing CO₂ absorption, preactivation, regulating the behavior of photogenerated carriers, and steering the reaction pathway. At the same time, the synergistic potentials and application prospects of ILs in various coupled processes (such as photoelectrical, photothermal, and photoenzymatic) are discussed. Finally, this article outlines current research challenges and future development trends, aiming to provide a theoretical basis for an in-depth understanding of the promotional effect of ILs, and a new idea for enabling more efficient and robust ionic liquid-based photocatalytic reactions.</p>","PeriodicalId":10046,"journal":{"name":"Chemical record","volume":"26 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.9,"publicationDate":"2026-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148249438","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Research Progress on Electrocatalytic Oxidation of Olefins: From Catalytic Mechanism Studies to Reactor Design","authors":"Zhiyu Hu,&nbsp;Yu Chen,&nbsp;Yitong Lin,&nbsp;Shaohua Chai,&nbsp;Yingtang Zhou,&nbsp;Shunli Li","doi":"10.1002/tcr.70199","DOIUrl":"10.1002/tcr.70199","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Ethylene oxide and propylene oxide are important chemical intermediates, yet their conventional industrial production routes are associated with high energy consumption and significant carbon intensity. Electrocatalytic oxidation powered by renewable electricity offers a promising low-carbon approach for the selective conversion of light olefins under mild conditions. This review systematically summarizes the latest advances in the electrocatalytic conversion of ethylene and propylene into epoxides and diols. Particular emphasis is placed on two major mechanistic pathways: direct oxidation via active oxygen species and indirect oxidation mediated by halogen species, including chlorine- and bromine-based routes. Within this framework, state-of-the-art catalyst design strategies and the underlying reaction mechanisms are critically analyzed. The development of olefin epoxidation reaction engineering is also reviewed, with a focus on optimizing key practical performance metrics, such as current density, Faradaic efficiency, and long-term operational stability. Furthermore, we describe the electrolyzers involved in the olefin oxidation process, which hold promise for achieving industrial-scale applications. Finally, a forward-looking perspective is presented on the major challenges and future directions in this field, including the design of highly stable electrocatalysts, deeper mechanistic understanding, seamless integration with renewable electricity systems, the construction of tandem reaction platforms, and the large-scale implementation of advanced reactor architectures.</p>","PeriodicalId":10046,"journal":{"name":"Chemical record","volume":"26 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.9,"publicationDate":"2026-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148293607","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sustainable Access to Coumarin Derivatives: Photochemical, Electrochemical, and Biochemical Strategies Beyond Classical and Metal-Based Methods","authors":"Mohd Kamil Hussain","doi":"10.1002/tcr.70207","DOIUrl":"10.1002/tcr.70207","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Coumarins are privileged scaffolds in medicinal chemistry, chemical biology, and functional materials, yet their synthesis remains dominated by classical condensations and metal-dependent methods that limit structural diversity and sustainability. This review reframes coumarin construction through energy-driven activation, highlighting photochemical, electrochemical, and biochemical strategies as sustainable alternatives. Visible-light processes enable access to three-dimensional, sp³-rich, and fused architectures that are inaccessible by conventional routes, while electrochemical methods replace stoichiometric oxidants with electrical input under metal-free conditions. Biocatalytic and biosynthetic platforms further extend coumarin synthesis into aqueous, selective, and renewable regimes. Collectively, these paradigms align molecular innovation with modern sustainability and design principles.</p>","PeriodicalId":10046,"journal":{"name":"Chemical record","volume":"26 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.9,"publicationDate":"2026-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148351114","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Synthesis and Surface Engineering of Two-Dimensional MXenes for Advanced Functional Applications","authors":"Dalil N. H. Al-Ghubairi,&nbsp;Hadi M. Marwani,&nbsp;Mahmood D. Aljabri,&nbsp;Muhammad Fazle Rabbee,&nbsp;Mohammed Muzibur Rahman","doi":"10.1002/tcr.70194","DOIUrl":"10.1002/tcr.70194","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Two-dimensional MXenes (2DMxn), a rapidly expanding family of transition metal carbides, nitrides, and carbonitrides with the general formula (M_{<i>n</i> + 1}X_<i>n</i>T_<i>x</i>), have attracted significant attention for their metallic conductivity, hydrophilic surfaces, high surface area, and tunable surface terminations. These unique properties make MXenes promising candidates for applications in catalysis, sensing, energy storage, and environmental remediation. This review provides a comprehensive overview of recent advances in MXene research, particularly developments reported since 2020. The discussion begins with synthesis strategies, including conventional top-down etching of MAX phases using hydrofluoric acid and in situ fluoride-based methods, as well as safer fluoride-free approaches such as electrochemical and hydrothermal techniques and Lewis-acid molten-salt etching. Emerging bottom-up fabrication routes, including chemical vapor deposition (CVD) and template-assisted growth, are also highlighted for their potential to provide improved structural control. Furthermore, advanced postsynthesis modification methods such as solvothermal and microwave-assisted treatments, atomic layer deposition (ALD), electrochemical engineering, and ball-milling are discussed as effective strategies for tailoring interlayer spacing, surface chemistry, and hierarchical architectures. The review also summarizes the recent progress of MXene-based materials in photocatalysis, electrocatalysis, energy storage devices, and electrochemical sensors, with particular emphasis on structure–property–performance relationships that govern charge transfer, active-site accessibility, and stability. Finally, key challenges including oxidation susceptibility, nanosheet restacking, and the need for scalable and safe production methods are critically discussed, together with future prospects for the development of MXene-based multifunctional materials and devices for next-generation technologies.</p>","PeriodicalId":10046,"journal":{"name":"Chemical record","volume":"26 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.9,"publicationDate":"2026-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/tcr.70194","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148327023","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Review on Jahn–Teller Distortions in Prussian Blue Analogs Molecular Magnets","authors":"Nilasha Maiti,&nbsp;Sher Singh Meena,&nbsp;Pramod Bhatt","doi":"10.1002/tcr.70187","DOIUrl":"10.1002/tcr.70187","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Prussian blue analogs (PBAs) represent a versatile class of molecule-based magnetic materials in which subtle changes or distortion in local coordination geometry can strongly influence their macroscopic properties. In general, many types of distortions could exist in PBAs, such as octahedral tilts, <i>A-</i>site slides, Jahn–Teller (JT), vacancy, hydration-driven distortions, and so on. Among all types of distortions, JT distortions play a pivotal role by coupling electronic degeneracy with lattice deformation, thereby governing structural symmetry, magnetic exchange pathways, and ion-transport behavior. In addition, JT distortions play a pivotal role in governing the structural phase transitions of PBAs. This review critically surveys the latest advances in understanding how JT distortions, particularly those induced by the spin configuration of JT-active transition-metal ions, drive symmetry-breaking phase transitions within PBA frameworks. The interplay between electronic structure and lattice deformation is discussed, highlighting the mechanisms by which distortion leads to new crystallographic phases, influences ion diffusion, and modulates the electrochemical properties. Special attention is given to understanding the evolution of the JT effect in relation to structural phase transitions. It also summarizes effective strategies to suppress unwanted phase changes and improve overall structural stability. Ultimately, this review elucidates how control over JT effects can tailor electrochemical properties such as specific capacity, cycling stability, and voltage profile, offering design principles for the next generation of high-performance PBA-based energy materials.</p>","PeriodicalId":10046,"journal":{"name":"Chemical record","volume":"26 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.9,"publicationDate":"2026-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/tcr.70187","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148204351","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Engineering the Electrospun Separators for Next-Generation Lithium-Based Batteries","authors":"Salah Ud Din,&nbsp;Muhammad Umar Farooq,&nbsp;Jia Shaojin,&nbsp;Liu Li","doi":"10.1002/tcr.70161","DOIUrl":"10.1002/tcr.70161","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The performance constraints of commercial polyolefin separators have become more noticeable as the need for safe, high-energy-density lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) increases. With their enormous surface area, adjustable porosity, and material diversity, electrospun nanofiber membranes have become a popular next-generation substitute. The development of electrospun separators for advanced LIBs is methodically examined in this article. We classify separator designs as polymeric (mono-polymer and multi-polymer systems), composite, surface modified, solvent-free, and biodegradable, and evaluate their construction, composition, and electrochemical performance. Material systems, functionalization techniques, and electrospinning parameters are discussed. Lastly, we offer an outlook on the unresolved issues and potential avenues for future study, offering insightful information for the sensible development and commercial use of high-performance electrospun separators.</p>","PeriodicalId":10046,"journal":{"name":"Chemical record","volume":"26 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.9,"publicationDate":"2026-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148351089","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}