Xiaodong Duan, Trine Poulsen, Liyan Xie, Luna Kondrup Marcussen, Christopher John Topping
{"title":"The third version of an agent-based honey bee colony model (ApisRAM.03) for the risk assessment of pesticides","authors":"Xiaodong Duan, Trine Poulsen, Liyan Xie, Luna Kondrup Marcussen, Christopher John Topping","doi":"10.2903/sp.efsa.2025.EN-9293","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2903/sp.efsa.2025.EN-9293","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This report presents the implementation of the third version of an agent-based system model designed for the risk assessment of pesticides on honey bees colonies (<i>Apis mellifera</i>) – <i>Apis</i>RAM.03. The third version of <i>Apis</i>RAM focuses on scenarios involving a single plant protection product and a single use. The application of pesticide is implemented using the pesticide engine module in The Animal, Landscape and Man Simulation System (ALMaSS). The pesticide engine supports three application types: spray, seed coating, and granular, with consideration of spray and dust drift. The <i>Apis</i>RAM.03 model consists of the colony development, vitality, beekeeping management practices, and activity modules. Among the modelled activities, the foraging activity establishes a dynamic link between colony development and the surrounding landscape, capturing the complexities of the foraging behaviour, resource availability, and pesticide exposure. Incorporating a vitality method, the <i>Apis</i>RAM.03 integrates the effects from exposure to multiple stressors that bees encounter in their environment. This method evaluates the combined effects of pesticides with nutritional stress on mortality, along with possible combined effect from exposure to infectious agents. Additionally, the beekeeping management practices module supports management activities, such as chemical treatment and supplementary feeding. <i>Apis</i>RAM.03 contains a model designed to store measurement endpoints. It stores the hourly population and resource dynamics, foraging activities and pesticide exposure status for advanced simulation results analysis. To enhance computational efficiency, <i>Apis</i>RAM.03 was implemented to support multithreading. This capability enables faster simulations, allowing for more extensive scenario tests and more timely assessments.</p>","PeriodicalId":100395,"journal":{"name":"EFSA Supporting Publications","volume":"22 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.2903/sp.efsa.2025.EN-9293","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143456090","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
European Food Safety Authority (EFSA), Alicia Gutiérrez Linares, Stefania Salvatore, Luca Belmonte, José Ángel Gómez Ruiz
{"title":"Reporting guidance for use level data on food additives and food flavourings - 2025","authors":"European Food Safety Authority (EFSA), Alicia Gutiérrez Linares, Stefania Salvatore, Luca Belmonte, José Ángel Gómez Ruiz","doi":"10.2903/sp.efsa.2025.EN-9285","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2903/sp.efsa.2025.EN-9285","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This document should be used for the reporting to EFSA of the use levels of food additives and food flavourings in product categories/foods. It provides guidance on how to use the data model and gives information on the different data elements and business rules.</p>","PeriodicalId":100395,"journal":{"name":"EFSA Supporting Publications","volume":"22 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.2903/sp.efsa.2025.EN-9285","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143439213","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
European Food Safety Authority (EFSA), Alicia Gutiérrez Linares, Stefania Salvatore, Luca Belmonte, José Ángel Gómez Ruiz
{"title":"Reporting guidance for ‘No presence’ data on food additives and food flavourings at sample level - 2025","authors":"European Food Safety Authority (EFSA), Alicia Gutiérrez Linares, Stefania Salvatore, Luca Belmonte, José Ángel Gómez Ruiz","doi":"10.2903/sp.efsa.2025.EN-9284","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2903/sp.efsa.2025.EN-9284","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This document should be used for the reporting to EFSA of the no presence of food additives and food flavourings in samples. It provides guidance on how to use the data model and gives information on the different data elements and business rules.</p>","PeriodicalId":100395,"journal":{"name":"EFSA Supporting Publications","volume":"22 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.2903/sp.efsa.2025.EN-9284","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143438966","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Novel foods Risk Assessment Data Modelling and Extraction (NORA) — final report","authors":"Klára Ničová, Zbyněk Vyhlas, Diana Varšíková, Markéta Foley, Lucie Čtveráčková, Tomáš Novotný, Ecomole, s.r.o.","doi":"10.2903/sp.efsa.2025.EN-9256","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2903/sp.efsa.2025.EN-9256","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The Novel Foods Risk Assessment Data Modelling and Extraction (NORA) project, commissioned by the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) and implemented by EcoMole s.r.o., aimed to develop a structured database to support the risk assessment process for novel foods (NF). The project encompassed three key objectives: (1) designing a comprehensive data model for NF opinions, leveraging and extending existing frameworks like OpenFoodTox 2.0; (2) extracting and integrating data from published NF opinions into the database; and (3) creating a guideline for systematic data entry to support future use. The resulting data model successfully captured administrative, compositional, toxicological, and allergenic properties of NFs with approximately 35% of the data model adopted from OpenFoodTox 2.0 and 65% representing new or refined elements specific to NF assessment. Relevant data from 196 NF opinions published by June 2024 were extracted and integrated into the database. The database supports advanced querying, filtering, and exporting functionalities, while a user interface facilitates efficient data entry and visualisation.</p>","PeriodicalId":100395,"journal":{"name":"EFSA Supporting Publications","volume":"22 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.2903/sp.efsa.2025.EN-9256","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143389419","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
European Food safety Authority (EFSA), Karl-Heinz Engel, Wirginia Kukuła-Koch, Alexandre Maciuk, Carmen Pelaez, Kirsten Pilegaard, Henk van Loveren, Elisa Beneventi, Emanuela Turla, Marcello Laganaro
{"title":"Technical Report on the notification of roasted seeds of Dipteryx alata Vogel as a traditional food from a third country pursuant to Article 14 of Regulation (EU) 2015/2283","authors":"European Food safety Authority (EFSA), Karl-Heinz Engel, Wirginia Kukuła-Koch, Alexandre Maciuk, Carmen Pelaez, Kirsten Pilegaard, Henk van Loveren, Elisa Beneventi, Emanuela Turla, Marcello Laganaro","doi":"10.2903/sp.efsa.2025.EN-9234","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2903/sp.efsa.2025.EN-9234","url":null,"abstract":"<p>A notification from Coopcerrado (Brazil) has been submitted to the European Commission under Article 14 of Regulation [European Union (EU)] 2015/2283 to place on the market roasted seeds of <i>Dipteryx alata</i> Vogel as a traditional food from a third country (TF). In line with Article 15(2) of that Regulation, EFSA was asked by the European Commission whether there are duly reasoned safety objections to the placing on the market of the TF within the EU. The TF consists of roasted seeds of <i>Dipteryx alata</i> Vogel that, according to the applicant, have been consumed for more than 25 years in Brazil. The TF is proposed to be marketed in the EU as whole roasted seeds, with or without skin. EFSA considers that the available data on the composition and history of use of the TF do not raise safety concerns. Considering the available data, EFSA does not raise safety objections to the placing on the market of the TF (roasted seeds of <i>Dipteryx alata</i> Vogel) within the EU.</p>","PeriodicalId":100395,"journal":{"name":"EFSA Supporting Publications","volume":"22 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.2903/sp.efsa.2025.EN-9234","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143362338","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Administrative guidance for the preparation of notifications and applications on traditional foods from third countries in the context of Regulation (EU) 2015/2283","authors":"European Food Safety Authority (EFSA)","doi":"10.2903/sp.efsa.2025.EN-9280","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2903/sp.efsa.2025.EN-9280","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This document provides guidance to notifiers or applicants submitting notifications or applications of traditional foods from third countries in the European Union, which are to be evaluated by EFSA. It describes the administrative requirements for the preparation and online submission of the dossier to support a notification pursuant to Article 14 of Regulation (EU) 2015/2283 for a new authorisation of a traditional food from third countries, or applications for authorisation of traditional foods from third countries pursuant to Article 16 of Regulation (EU) 2015/2283. The Transparency Regulation amended the General Food Law by introducing provisions in the pre-submission phase and in the notification/application procedure: general pre-submission advice, notification of information related to studies commissioned or carried out to support a notification/application, public disclosure of non-confidential version of all information submitted in support of the application and related confidentiality decision-making process, public consultation on submitted applications. These requirements, as implemented by the Practical Arrangements laid down by EFSA, are reflected in this guidance. The guidance describes the procedure and the associated timelines for handling notifications/applications on traditional foods and the support initiatives available from the preparation of the notification/application (pre-submission phase) to the publication of EFSA's technical report on the notification, or the adoption and publication of EFSA's scientific opinion in case of an application. It also takes into account the updated Guidance on the scientific requirements for a notification and application for authorisation of traditional foods from third countries in the context of Regulation (EU) 2015/2283, which provides advice on the scientific information needed to be provided in a traditional food notification or application.</p>","PeriodicalId":100395,"journal":{"name":"EFSA Supporting Publications","volume":"22 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.2903/sp.efsa.2025.EN-9280","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143362336","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
European Food Safety Authority (EFSA), Sara Tramontini, Gianni Gilioli, Marica Scala, Federica Baldassarre, Berta Sánchez, Alexandre Nougadère, Sybren Vos, Council for Agricultural Research and Economics (CREA), Fabrizio Pennacchio, Francesco Binazzi
{"title":"Arrhenodes minutus Pest Report to support the ranking of EU candidate priority pests","authors":"European Food Safety Authority (EFSA), Sara Tramontini, Gianni Gilioli, Marica Scala, Federica Baldassarre, Berta Sánchez, Alexandre Nougadère, Sybren Vos, Council for Agricultural Research and Economics (CREA), Fabrizio Pennacchio, Francesco Binazzi","doi":"10.2903/sp.efsa.2025.EN-9275","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2903/sp.efsa.2025.EN-9275","url":null,"abstract":"<p>In 2022, EFSA was mandated by the European Commission's Directorate-General for Health and Food Safety (M-2022-00070) to provide technical assistance on the list of Union quarantine pests qualifying as priority pests, as specified in Article 6(2) of Regulation (EU) 2016/2031 on protective measures against plant pests. As part of Task C, EFSA conducted comprehensive expert knowledge elicitations for candidate priority pests on the lag period, rate of expansion and impact on production (yield and quality losses) and the environment. This report provides the rationale for the dataset on <i>Arrhenodes minutus</i>, delivered to the European Commission's Joint Research Centre, to feed the Impact Indicator for Priority Pest (I2P2) model and complete the pest prioritisation ranking exercise.</p>","PeriodicalId":100395,"journal":{"name":"EFSA Supporting Publications","volume":"22 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.2903/sp.efsa.2025.EN-9275","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143248482","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Eveline van Woensel, Wopke van der Werf, Stephen Parnell, Arnold van Vliet, Bob (J.C.) Douma
{"title":"Exploring the contribution of citizen science to statistically sound and risk-based surveillance of insect pests in the EU","authors":"Eveline van Woensel, Wopke van der Werf, Stephen Parnell, Arnold van Vliet, Bob (J.C.) Douma","doi":"10.2903/sp.efsa.2025.EN-9186","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2903/sp.efsa.2025.EN-9186","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This report explores the integration of citizen science into the surveillance of insect pests, aiming to enhance statistically sound and risk-based surveys. The study, conducted by researchers from Wageningen University, focuses on three primary objectives. First, it compiles a comprehensive inventory of citizen science initiatives across Europe, identifying 81 projects from 21 countries that contribute significant biodiversity data. Second, it develops a statistical methodology to estimate the probability of pest detection using opportunistic, presence-only data from citizen science. This methodology is tested on three insect pests: <i>Popillia japonica, Agrilus planipennis, and Anoplophora chinensis</i>, demonstrating that citizen science can meaningfully complement official surveys. Third, the report provides guidelines for incorporating these findings into existing tools and methods used by the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) and National Plant Protection Organizations (NPPOs). The results indicate that citizen science can increase the overall confidence in pest freedom and reduce the required sample sizes for official surveys. However, the study also highlights the spatial and temporal biases inherent in citizen science data and the need for further research to optimize its integration into pest surveillance frameworks.</p>","PeriodicalId":100395,"journal":{"name":"EFSA Supporting Publications","volume":"22 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.2903/sp.efsa.2025.EN-9186","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143248484","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
European Food Safety Authority (EFSA), Sara Tramontini, Gianni Gilioli, Berta Sánchez, Federica Baldassarre, Marica Scala, Alexandre Nougadère, Sybren Vos, Council for Agricultural Research and Economics (CREA), Fabrizio Pennacchio, Francesco Binazzi
{"title":"Polygraphus proximus Pest Report to support the ranking of EU candidate priority pests","authors":"European Food Safety Authority (EFSA), Sara Tramontini, Gianni Gilioli, Berta Sánchez, Federica Baldassarre, Marica Scala, Alexandre Nougadère, Sybren Vos, Council for Agricultural Research and Economics (CREA), Fabrizio Pennacchio, Francesco Binazzi","doi":"10.2903/sp.efsa.2025.EN-9274","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2903/sp.efsa.2025.EN-9274","url":null,"abstract":"<p>In 2022, EFSA was mandated by the European Commission's Directorate-General for Health and Food Safety (M-2022-00070) to provide technical assistance on the list of Union quarantine pests qualifying as priority pests, as specified in Article 6(2) of Regulation (EU) 2016/2031 on protective measures against plant pests. As part of Task C, EFSA conducted comprehensive expert knowledge elicitations for candidate priority pests on the lag period, rate of expansion and impacts on the production (yield and quality losses) and the environment. This report provides the rationale for the dataset on <i>Polygraphus proximus</i>, delivered to the European Commission's Joint Research Centre, to feed the Impact Indicator for Priority Pest (I2P2) model and complete the pest prioritisation ranking exercise.</p>","PeriodicalId":100395,"journal":{"name":"EFSA Supporting Publications","volume":"22 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.2903/sp.efsa.2025.EN-9274","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143248483","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}