EFSA Supporting Publications最新文献

{"title":"Transformation and further development of the Compendium of Botanicals reported to contain naturally occurring substances of possible concern for human health when used in food and food supplements","authors":"Klara Nicova,&nbsp;Krystof Dibusz,&nbsp;Pavla Vejvodova,&nbsp;Tomas Novotny,&nbsp;Miloslav Nic,&nbsp;Jindriska Angelini,&nbsp;Marketa Castoralova,&nbsp;Rihab Gamaoun,&nbsp;Anna Macurkova,&nbsp;Tereza Neubauerova,&nbsp;Petra Plodiková,&nbsp;Liesel Seryak,&nbsp;Martina Sulakova","doi":"10.2903/sp.efsa.2025.EN-9388","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2903/sp.efsa.2025.EN-9388","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The project was launched in January 2015 with the aim of increasing the usefulness of the Compendium of Botanicals for EU Member State competent authorities and other interested parties. The objective was met by i) transforming the existing Microsoft Excel spreadsheet into a web-searchable database, ii) by expanding the information and number of plants listed in the Compendium of Botanicals, and iii) by extracting toxicity information on substances of possible concern for human health, which were identified as the composition of the plants. The information was arranged in line with the EFSA data model using a series of relational tables, and summary reports were generated to make this information accessible to interested parties on the EFSA website. Data gaps were filled by performing an extensive literature search for 2,697 plant species, looking for information on composition (naturally occurring substances of possible concern for human health), toxicity, and adverse effects. Furthermore, toxicity information was collected for 1,518 naturally occurring substances of possible concern for human health, which were identified as the composition of the plants present in the Compendium of Botanicals. This effort involved the screening of approximately 190,000 articles — 130,000 articles concerning plants and 60,000 concerning substances. This report contains a detailed description of the tools developed and tasks performed within the scope of this project, as well as the results and conclusions.</p>","PeriodicalId":100395,"journal":{"name":"EFSA Supporting Publications","volume":"22 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.2903/sp.efsa.2025.EN-9388","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143888902","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prodiplosis longifila Pest Report to support the ranking of EU candidate priority pests","authors":"European Food Safety Authority (EFSA),&nbsp;Alexandre Nougadère,&nbsp;Eduardo de la Peña,&nbsp;Marica Scala,&nbsp;Berta Sánchez,&nbsp;Federica Baldassarre,&nbsp;Sara Tramontini,&nbsp;Sybren Vos,&nbsp;Council for Agricultural Research and Economics (CREA),&nbsp;Giuseppe Mazza,&nbsp;Francesco Paoli","doi":"10.2903/sp.efsa.2025.EN-9437","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2903/sp.efsa.2025.EN-9437","url":null,"abstract":"<p>In 2022, EFSA was mandated by the European Commission's Directorate-General for Health and Food Safety (M-2022-00070) to provide technical assistance on the list of Union quarantine pests qualifying as priority pests, as specified in Article 6(2) of Regulation (EU) 2016/2031 on protective measures against plant pests. As part of Task C, EFSA conducted expert knowledge elicitations for candidate priority pests, focusing on the lag period, expansion rate and impact on production (yield and quality losses) and the environment. This report provides the rationale for the dataset on <i>Prodiplosis longifila</i>, which was delivered to the European Commission's Joint Research Centre to feed into the Impact Indicator for Priority Pest (I2P2) model and complete the pest prioritisation ranking exercise.</p>","PeriodicalId":100395,"journal":{"name":"EFSA Supporting Publications","volume":"22 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.2903/sp.efsa.2025.EN-9437","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143888901","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Porphyrophora tritici Pest Report to support the ranking of EU candidate priority pests","authors":"European Food Safety Authority (EFSA),&nbsp;Alexandre Nougadère,&nbsp;Eduardo de la Peña,&nbsp;Marica Scala,&nbsp;Berta Sánchez,&nbsp;Federica Baldassarre,&nbsp;Sara Tramontini,&nbsp;Sybren Vos,&nbsp;Council for Agricultural Research and Economics (CREA),&nbsp;Antonio Tiberini,&nbsp;Anna Taglienti","doi":"10.2903/sp.efsa.2025.EN-9438","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2903/sp.efsa.2025.EN-9438","url":null,"abstract":"<p>In 2022, EFSA was mandated by the European Commission's Directorate-General for Health and Food Safety (M-2022-00070) to provide technical assistance on the list of Union quarantine pests qualifying as priority pests, as specified in Article 6(2) of Regulation (EU) 2016/2031 on protective measures against plant pests. As part of Task C, EFSA conducted expert knowledge elicitations for candidate priority pests, focusing on the lag period, expansion rate and impact on production (yield and quality losses) and the environment. This report provides the rationale for the dataset on <i>Porphyrophora tritici</i>, delivered to the European Commission's Joint Research Centre, to feed into the Impact Indicator for Priority Pest (I2P2) model and complete the pest prioritisation ranking exercise.</p>","PeriodicalId":100395,"journal":{"name":"EFSA Supporting Publications","volume":"22 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.2903/sp.efsa.2025.EN-9438","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143888903","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Symposium on Data Readiness for Artificial Intelligence","authors":"European Food Safety Authority (EFSA)","doi":"10.2903/sp.efsa.2025.EN-9434","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2903/sp.efsa.2025.EN-9434","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The Advisory Group on Data (AGoD) and the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) organised a joint Symposium on Data Readiness for Artificial Intelligence on 23 and 24 October 2024 in Parma. The objective of the symposium was the exploration of the transformative impact of AI technologies within the food safety ecosystem. Given the in-person format of the event, particular attention was given to fostering increased cooperation between attendees working in the food safety field around Europe and beyond. This was the first opportunity for the AGoD and EFSA to host a meeting together, and it had been an objective of the AGoD since its first mandate. This event report contains the information from all the sessions and the ensuing conversations. Particular attention is to be given to the way in which the present report was generated; in fact, large language models were leveraged for summarising the speeches given during the symposium, and a specific methodology, which ensured several human-oversight checkpoints, was designed around it. All in all, the symposium was a very productive opportunity for this diverse crowd of experts to come together, learn from each other and discover new challenges. This positive outlook on the event was supported by a post-event feedback survey that showed that the majority of attendees were satisfied. As a follow-up to the event, the AGoD roadmap was updated to incorporate insights and opportunities from the symposium.</p>","PeriodicalId":100395,"journal":{"name":"EFSA Supporting Publications","volume":"22 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.2903/sp.efsa.2025.EN-9434","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143879939","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Model development to predict environmental concentrations of chemical substances in marine sediment when the substance is applied via feed in marine aquaculture: Task 1.2. Conceptual Model","authors":"Magnus Drivdal,&nbsp;Michael Bedington,&nbsp;Achim Randelhoff,&nbsp;Jorn Bruggeman,&nbsp;Andreu Rico,&nbsp;Ailbhe Lisette Macken,&nbsp;Adam Lillicrap,&nbsp;Kristine Bondo Pedersen,&nbsp;Gro Harlaug Refseth","doi":"10.2903/sp.efsa.2025.EN-9404","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2903/sp.efsa.2025.EN-9404","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) assesses the safety of fish feed additives used in aquaculture. To evaluate their potential environmental risks, it is essential to calculate the predicted environmental concentrations (PEC) in advance and compare them to known exposure thresholds (first step) or to predict no effect concentrations (second step). This report outlines a conceptual framework for developing a model designed to calculate PEC in sediment for additives introduced into marine aquaculture through fish feed.</p><p>The model represents the processes that influence the concentration of an additive in marine sediment after its introduction via fish feed. Additives can enter the water column in particulate form directly from feed spillage, and/or through excretion in faeces, or in dissolved form. In the water column, additives in particulate form are transported to the seabed, where sediment processes—such as chemical transformation, resuspension, and mixing—govern their long-term accumulation. Additives excreted in dissolved form can also contribute to sediment concentrations through adsorption onto particles or directly onto the sediment.</p><p>The model is divided into four main components: <b>feed to water</b>, <b>water to sediment</b>, <b>sediment to PEC</b>, and <b>site PEC to general assessment</b>. Each component includes sub-processes that are individually discussed, incorporating current scientific understanding from laboratory experiments, field studies, and existing models where available.</p><p>Recommendations are provided for formulating the equations of the conceptual model, detailing which processes to include, their functional forms, and the flexibility needed to address different modelling demands. Some processes are unique to specific additives, reflecting their distinct characteristics and behaviours. In a first step (step I) of the environmental risk assessment, these processes will either be assigned default conservative values or excluded altogether. This approach ensures that the model remains widely applicable.</p>","PeriodicalId":100395,"journal":{"name":"EFSA Supporting Publications","volume":"22 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.2903/sp.efsa.2025.EN-9404","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143871654","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"FoodEx2 maintenance 2024","authors":"European Food Safety Authority (EFSA),&nbsp;Krystalia Niforou,&nbsp;Nikolaos Koffas,&nbsp;Anastasia Livaniou,&nbsp;Sofia Ioannidou","doi":"10.2903/sp.efsa.2025.EN-9414","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2903/sp.efsa.2025.EN-9414","url":null,"abstract":"<p>FoodEx2, developed and maintained by EFSA, is a comprehensive system for classifying and describing food and feed. It offers a standardized terminology framework to support the entire food safety and risk assessment process, from data collection across various food and feed safety domains (e.g., monitoring of pesticides residues or biological hazards) to exposure assessment. To ensure its ongoing relevance and compliance with evolving scientific and legislative requirements, regular maintenance of this system is crucial. Seven major updates were completed so far, with all performed changes documented in annual maintenance reports. This technical report outlines the results of the eighth maintenance process conducted in 2024. Updates included addition of new terms, adjustments to the hierarchical structure, introduction of a new facet category, changes to the reportability of certain terms, deprecation of term and amendments to existing terms - enriching implicit facets and reorganising the hierarchical tree structure and parent-child relationships.</p>","PeriodicalId":100395,"journal":{"name":"EFSA Supporting Publications","volume":"22 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.2903/sp.efsa.2025.EN-9414","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143861853","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Agrilus planipennis Pest Report to support the ranking of EU candidate priority pests","authors":"European Food Safety Authority (EFSA),&nbsp;Sara Tramontini,&nbsp;Gianni Gilioli,&nbsp;Daria Rzepecka,&nbsp;Alexia Antoniou,&nbsp;Roumiana Krusteva,&nbsp;Marica Scala,&nbsp;Berta Sánchez,&nbsp;Alexandre Nougadère,&nbsp;Sybren Vos,&nbsp;Council for Agricultural Research and Economics (CREA),&nbsp;Francesco Barbieri,&nbsp;Francesco Paoli","doi":"10.2903/sp.efsa.2025.EN-9432","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2903/sp.efsa.2025.EN-9432","url":null,"abstract":"<p>In 2022, EFSA was mandated by the European Commission's Directorate-General for Health and Food Safety (M-2022-00070) to provide technical assistance on the list of Union quarantine pests qualifying as priority pests, as specified in Article 6(2) of Regulation (EU) 2016/2031 on protective measures against plant pests. As part of Task C, EFSA conducted expert knowledge elicitations for candidate priority pests, focusing on the lag period, expansion rate and the impact on production (yield and quality losses) and the environment. This report provides the rationale for the dataset on <i>Agrilus planipennis</i>, delivered to the European Commission's Joint Research Centre, to feed into the Impact Indicator for Priority Pests (I2P2) model and complete the pest prioritisation ranking exercise.</p>","PeriodicalId":100395,"journal":{"name":"EFSA Supporting Publications","volume":"22 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.2903/sp.efsa.2025.EN-9432","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143857165","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Web Application for Distiller Model Control","authors":"Saar Junius,&nbsp;Machteld Varewyck,&nbsp;Tobias Verbeke","doi":"10.2903/sp.efsa.2025.EN-9394","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2903/sp.efsa.2025.EN-9394","url":null,"abstract":"<p>In specific contract No 6 issued under the framework agreement OC/EFSA/MESE/2023/03, EFSA requested Open Analytics to implement a web application for Distiller model control. The web application has two modules: one for the generation of random samples of references already screened in DistillerSR to be used as training sets for the AI tools, one for assessing how well the AI tools perform on validation sets not included in the training samples. The second module also generates a report to aid in deciding whether to use these tools for a specific DistillerSR project.</p>","PeriodicalId":100395,"journal":{"name":"EFSA Supporting Publications","volume":"22 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.2903/sp.efsa.2025.EN-9394","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143857123","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Agrilus anxius Pest Report to support the ranking of EU candidate priority pests","authors":"European Food Safety Authority (EFSA),&nbsp;Sara Tramontini,&nbsp;Gianni Gilioli,&nbsp;Alexia Antoniou,&nbsp;Daria Rzepecka,&nbsp;Roumiana Krusteva,&nbsp;Marica Scala,&nbsp;Berta Sánchez,&nbsp;Alexandre Nougadère,&nbsp;Sybren Vos,&nbsp;Council for Agricultural Research and Economics (CREA),&nbsp;Fabrizio Pennacchio,&nbsp;Francesco Binazzi","doi":"10.2903/sp.efsa.2025.EN-9433","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2903/sp.efsa.2025.EN-9433","url":null,"abstract":"<p>In 2022, EFSA was mandated by the European Commission's Directorate-General for Health and Food Safety (M-2022-00070) to provide technical assistance on the list of Union quarantine pests qualifying as priority pests, as specified in Article 6(2) of Regulation (EU) 2016/2031 on protective measures against plant pests. As part of Task C, EFSA conducted expert knowledge elicitations for candidate priority pests, focusing on the lag period, expansion rate and the impact on production (yield and quality losses) and the environment. This report provides the rationale for the dataset on <i>Agrilus anxius</i>, delivered to the European Commission's Joint Research Centre, to feed into the Impact Indicator for Priority Pests (I2P2) model and complete the pest prioritisation ranking exercise.</p>","PeriodicalId":100395,"journal":{"name":"EFSA Supporting Publications","volume":"22 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.2903/sp.efsa.2025.EN-9433","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143857164","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploration of weather and tracking data for the wild bird abundance and movement models of the early warning system for avian influenza in the EU","authors":"Jacob Davies,&nbsp;Juan Gallego-Zamorano,&nbsp;Roos Reinartz,&nbsp;Rob Robinson,&nbsp;Stephen Baillie,&nbsp;Gabriel Gargallo,&nbsp;Céline Faverjon,&nbsp;Henk Sierdsema,&nbsp;Julia Stahl","doi":"10.2903/sp.efsa.2025.EN-9423","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2903/sp.efsa.2025.EN-9423","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) viruses pose a significant threat to both poultry and wild bird populations. Migratory wild birds play a key role in the intercontinental spread of avian influenza (AI), introducing the virus into poultry populations. In response to frequent AI outbreaks in Europe, the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) is responsible for HPAI surveillance. A key component of this surveillance includes the integration of 1) outbreak data from Member States and 2) contributions from non-governmental ornithological organisations like the European Bird Census Council (EBCC) and the European Union for Bird Ringing (EURING), in a predictive spatio-temporal risk assessment model. Previous data integration and modelling efforts led to the development of an early warning system for predicting HPAI outbreaks accessible through a publicly available online user interface: the Bird Flu Radar. This system has since been improved by expanding the species coverage and refining the existing base models behind the epidemiological model. This report details a further refinement of these base models, by exploring the feasibility of using additional data sources in both the wild bird abundance and movement models. For the wild bird abundance model, weather data provided by the ERA5-Land dataset was included, specifically the variables daily surface temperature (daily average, minimum and maximum) and snow cover. For the wild bird movement model, bird tracking data from Movebank was included for 19 of the 25 study species. For the remaining 6 study species no public data were available. The insights found for the abundance model, will support future study, understanding and prediction of the response of birds to fluctuating weather conditions. The insights found for the movement model provide a refinement and improvement of the estimates already derived from ring-recovery data.</p>","PeriodicalId":100395,"journal":{"name":"EFSA Supporting Publications","volume":"22 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.2903/sp.efsa.2025.EN-9423","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143836435","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}