DeCarbon最新文献

{"title":"Research progress on sodium ion batteries under extreme temperature conditions","authors":"Qikai Lei ,&nbsp;Mengkai Yang ,&nbsp;Youwei Wen ,&nbsp;Zhen Dong ,&nbsp;Yongli Zhou ,&nbsp;Hao Wang ,&nbsp;Yongqi Li ,&nbsp;Peng Peng ,&nbsp;Man Chen ,&nbsp;Yuxuan Li","doi":"10.1016/j.decarb.2025.100138","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.decarb.2025.100138","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Sodium-ion batteries (SIBs) have emerged as a promising alternative to lithium-ion batteries due to the abundance of sodium and their cost-effectiveness. However, their performance under extreme temperature conditions (both low and high temperatures) remains a critical challenge for practical applications. At low temperatures, sluggish ion diffusion and electrolyte freezing limit electrochemical performance, while high temperatures accelerate degradation and safety risks. This review comprehensively summarizes recent research progress on SIBs under extreme temperature environments, focusing on key materials, including electrodes, and electrolytes. Advanced approaches such as electrolyte optimization (e.g., low-freezing-point solvents, high-concentration electrolytes) and robust electrode design (e.g., nanostructure engineering) are discussed to enhance temperature resilience. By addressing these challenges, SIBs can achieve broader applicability in extreme climates, from polar regions to deserts, paving the way for sustainable energy storage solutions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100356,"journal":{"name":"DeCarbon","volume":"10 ","pages":"Article 100138"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145750062","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Photothermal synergistic empowerment of Ni/Ce1-xZrxO2 catalyst for DRM: Photothermal coupling regulation and product generation mechanism","authors":"Siqi Song ,&nbsp;Yue Lyu ,&nbsp;Baihe Guo ,&nbsp;Haiyu Liu ,&nbsp;Yan Jin ,&nbsp;Jingyu Ran ,&nbsp;Juntian Niu","doi":"10.1016/j.decarb.2025.100131","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.decarb.2025.100131","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The dry reforming of methane (DRM) reaction enables the resourceful utilization of two greenhouse gases, holding significant implications for mitigating the climate crisis and preserving ecological balance. Based on our previous systematic research on the optical and electronic properties of Ce_1-xZr_xO₂ catalysts, this study constructs a model of Ni13 clusters supported on the (111) surface of Ce_1-xZr_xO₂ (x ​= ​0, 1/4, 1) catalysts using density functional theory (DFT). Simulate the activation of CH₄ molecules and the formation of product CO and H₂ during the thermocatalytic DRM reaction. The results indicate that Ce–Zr doping optimizes the charge distribution on the catalyst surface, thereby accelerating the reaction process. The CH species react through an oxygen-assisted dehydrogenation pathway, effectively suppressing carbon deposition. By introducing an additional electric field to simulate the photogenerated carrier effect induced by light excitation, the electron transfer from the support to the active metal is enhanced. The separation and migration of photogenerated electron - hole pairs alter the adsorption configurations and transition state energies of reaction intermediates, reducing the reaction potential energy curve. This study provides a solid theoretical foundation for the development of highly efficient photothermal-coupled DRM catalysts.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100356,"journal":{"name":"DeCarbon","volume":"10 ","pages":"Article 100131"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145322451","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Progress and prospects of flexible operation for coal-fired power plants facing increasing renewables","authors":"Yilihamu Yiming ,&nbsp;Wenbo Gu ,&nbsp;Zipeng Zheng ,&nbsp;Wanyao He","doi":"10.1016/j.decarb.2025.100134","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.decarb.2025.100134","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Faced with the global warming trend, many coal-frontier countries including China have gradually come to develop flexible power generation to support a novel energy system with increasing renewable energy. While the existing literature extensively discusses various technologies of flexible coal-fired power generation and energy storage, there remains a critical gap in systematic research that holistically assesses the current landscape of flexible generation technologies in coal-fired power plants while delineating actionable pathways for their evolution in low-carbon energy systems. In this paper, current situations from combustion side and pulverized coal side retrofit, wide load denitrification retrofit, turbine side flexibility retrofit, and energy storage coupled peak shifting and fast variable load response technology are illustrated first respectively. In addition, this paper presents a new perspective on the future direction of flexibility retrofit, including the integration of energy storage to enhance operational flexibility. This review can provide a reference for the research and development of deep peak-shaving and flexible retrofit technologies for power generation for pulverized coal boiler generating units in the future.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100356,"journal":{"name":"DeCarbon","volume":"10 ","pages":"Article 100134"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145528267","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A review on nano-micro structure design of fuel cells for efficient heat and mass transport","authors":"Sheng Xu ,&nbsp;Xuexue Fu ,&nbsp;Li Xin ,&nbsp;Fuxiang Huang ,&nbsp;Tao Sheng ,&nbsp;Lun Hua","doi":"10.1016/j.decarb.2025.100132","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.decarb.2025.100132","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells (PEMFCs) are a cornerstone technology for the emerging hydrogen economy, yet their performance and durability are fundamentally dictated by the intricate interplay of heat and mass transport within the Membrane Electrode Assembly (MEA). Pervasive challenges such as water flooding, membrane dehydration, and local hot spots are direct consequences of mismanaged water, gas, and thermal gradients in the cell's porous microstructures. Therefore, mastering these transport phenomena through rational microstructural design and engineering of the MEA is the most critical approach to breaking current performance barriers. This review charts the recent progress in microstructure engineering aimed at optimizing these transport processes. Our focus is on two critical functional layers. In the Gas Diffusion Layer (GDL), we discuss strategies that create synergistic pathways for reactant delivery and water removal by engineering graded porosity and controlled wettability. In the Catalyst Layer (CL), we explore beyond conventional ionomer optimization to highlight a paradigm shift: the transition from disordered electrodes to highly ordered architectures like nanowire and nanotube arrays. These structures dramatically lower mass transport resistance by providing low-tortuosity, direct pathways, thereby significantly boosting the ultimate power density of the cell. Understanding the underlying structure-property correlations is key. We touch upon the advanced tools enabling this, from in-situ visualization techniques like X-ray CT and neutron imaging to multi-scale simulations that offer mechanistic insights and guide future design. However, significant hurdles remain, chiefly the scalable and cost-effective manufacturing of advanced structures with proven long-term durability. We conclude with a forward-looking perspective, identifying Additive Manufacturing (3D printing), machine learning-driven design, and bio-inspired concepts as powerful catalysts that will accelerate the development of next-generation, high-performance, and durable fuel cells. Ultimately, this review serves as a comprehensive and forward-looking guide for the research community.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100356,"journal":{"name":"DeCarbon","volume":"10 ","pages":"Article 100132"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145229891","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Thermal management in EV wireless charging: Breakthroughs, challenges, and next-generation cooling strategies","authors":"Jiayi Liu ,&nbsp;Weijie Zhong ,&nbsp;Zhenyu Lv ,&nbsp;Chaobo Li ,&nbsp;Yudong Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.decarb.2025.100133","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.decarb.2025.100133","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>High-power wireless power transfer (WPT) systems are pivotal for the widespread adoption of electric vehicles (EVs) and the decarbonization of transportation. However, thermal issues arising from Joule heating and hysteresis losses in high-power (≥100 ​kW) systems remain a critical bottleneck, compromising efficiency, reliability, and safety. This review comprehensively examines the fundamental principles and recent advancements in magnetic field-coupled WPT technology. We then provide a critical analysis of state-of-the-art thermal management solutions—including air cooling, immersion cooling, microchannel cooling, phase change materials, nanofluids, heat pipes, and composite systems—evaluating their thermal performance, electromagnetic compatibility, and carbon footprints. Notable achievements include microchannel cooling maintaining temperatures at 108 ​°C in megawatt-level coils, and phase change material-based solutions limiting heating plate temperatures below 80 ​°C. Despite progress, challenges persist in electromagnetic compatibility, system compactness, and dynamic response. Future research should prioritize developing advanced cooling architectures for efficiency-carbon trade-off optimization, focusing on low-eddy-current liquid cooling and electromagnetic compatibility-optimized phase change material enclosures. This review links thermal management breakthroughs to scalable, low-carbon EV infrastructure, offering actionable insights to accelerate the transition to carbon-neutral transportation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100356,"journal":{"name":"DeCarbon","volume":"10 ","pages":"Article 100133"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145528268","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficient production of biomass-derived butanediols over a facile Pd-WOx catalyst","authors":"Heng Huang ,&nbsp;Shuang Luo ,&nbsp;Haijie Yu ,&nbsp;Jiayi Peng ,&nbsp;Yueyue Tang ,&nbsp;Renhui Ling ,&nbsp;Yuxin Zheng ,&nbsp;Jiadai He ,&nbsp;Tasnim Munshi ,&nbsp;Jianjian Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.decarb.2025.100135","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.decarb.2025.100135","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Efficient production of butanediols from biomass-derived feedstocks under mild reaction conditions is still of challenge. Here, we reported a highly efficient Pd-WO_x catalyst which was facilely synthesized by a simple ‘one pot’ solvothermal method for the selective conversion of glucose and lignocellulosic biomass to butanediols with remarkable activity. The optimized process achieved an impressive 56.5 ​% yield of butanediols at 180 ​°C within 8 ​h under a low hydrogen pressure of 0.6 ​MPa, surpassing most reported catalysts. Comprehensive characterization (H₂-TPR, XPS, NH₃-TPD, etc.) revealed that Pd-WO_x not only enhanced H₂ adsorption and activation but also possessed a higher density of acidic sites to promote selective cleavage of C–C bond in glucose structure, thereby significantly improving the efficiency of sustainable butanediols production. Furthermore, the catalyst demonstrated excellent stability over five reaction cycles. This work provides a viable and efficient strategy for sustainable biomass valorization to produce valuable butanediols.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100356,"journal":{"name":"DeCarbon","volume":"10 ","pages":"Article 100135"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145623744","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dual-mode leather-like nanotextiles for adaptive thermal regulation","authors":"Yupeng Li ,&nbsp;Yang Li ,&nbsp;Xiao Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.decarb.2025.100136","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.decarb.2025.100136","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In response to the limitations of conventional thermal management materials, such as restricted functionality, narrow temperature adaptability, and poor breathability, flexibility, and stretchability, this highlight presents a breathable, dual-mode leather-like nanotextile (LNT) with asymmetric pleated photonic microstructures and Janus wettability. This innovative design enables efficient and adaptive personal thermal regulation across a broad temperature range, while significantly improving wearer comfort through optimized moisture management and mechanical compliance. The proposed LNT opens new pathways for developing next-generation smart textiles, showing great potential for real-world applications in dynamic and demanding environments.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100356,"journal":{"name":"DeCarbon","volume":"10 ","pages":"Article 100136"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145623745","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Synthesis, characterizations, and structure-activity relationship of dual-atom catalysts for CO2 electroreduction","authors":"Zhao Li ,&nbsp;Xinde Wei ,&nbsp;Zhaozhao Zhu ,&nbsp;Wu Jiang ,&nbsp;Yangwu Hou ,&nbsp;Rui Yuan ,&nbsp;Yan Wang ,&nbsp;Dong Xie ,&nbsp;Junjie Wang ,&nbsp;Yingxi Lin ,&nbsp;Rui Wu ,&nbsp;Qingquan Kong ,&nbsp;Jun Song Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.decarb.2025.100112","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.decarb.2025.100112","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Electrocatalytic carbon dioxide reduction is one of the very effective ways to achieve carbon neutrality, by converting CO₂ into fuels and high-value chemicals. Therefore, it is crucial to design efficient CO₂ reduction electrocatalysts and understand their reaction mechanism. Among various catalysts, dual-atom catalysts (DACs) offer several advantages, including a wide range of reaction types, high stability, customizable design, high reaction selectivity, tunable electronic structure, and strong catalytic activity. It is thus crucial to understand the reaction mechanism of DACs in CO₂ reduction, especially the regulation of critical intermediates. In this review, we focus on the synthesis, structure-activity relationship, and application of DACs. Finally, some challenges and further prospects are also summarized, especially in terms of stability, product selectivity, and large-scale deployment. With the advancement of new materials and computational tools, DACs are poised to play increasingly important roles in CO₂ reduction, providing effective solutions for sustainable energy and environmental protection.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100356,"journal":{"name":"DeCarbon","volume":"9 ","pages":"Article 100112"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144089616","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Industrial scaling of molten carbonate electrolytic carbon capture and production of graphene allotropes","authors":"Kyle Hofstetter ,&nbsp;Gad Licht ,&nbsp;Stuart Licht","doi":"10.1016/j.decarb.2025.100122","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.decarb.2025.100122","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The discovery, advances, and industrial-scale up of a unique electrochemical decarbonization chemistry, which sequesters carbon dioxide to mitigate the existential threat of planetary climate change, are presented. C2CNT® (CO₂ to <u>C</u>arbon <u>N</u>ano<u>T</u>echnology) is the transition metal nucleated electrolytic splitting of CO₂ by its transformation into a wide range of Graphene NanoCarbon allotropes, C_GNC, CO₂ → ​C_GNC ​+ ​O_2, such as carbon nanotubes and carbon nano-onions. The original 2015 C2CNT 0.0005 ​m² electrode process has been scaled to larger than meter-square area electrodes and used in a series of 100 tonne annual CO₂ removal industrial Genesis Device modules. The pathway to a further scale-up to a series of 1000 tonne decarbonization placed in series and forming a megaton annual C2CNT decarbonization plant is illustrated.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100356,"journal":{"name":"DeCarbon","volume":"9 ","pages":"Article 100122"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144903933","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring structure–property relationships of critical temperatures for binary refrigerant mixtures via group contribution and machine learning","authors":"Jintao Wu ,&nbsp;Yachao Pan ,&nbsp;Jiahui Ren ,&nbsp;Qibin Li","doi":"10.1016/j.decarb.2025.100123","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.decarb.2025.100123","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Thermodynamic cycles are the main approach of energy conversion, which is the main source of carbon emission. The working fluid is the energy carrier of thermodynamic cycles. And refrigerant is widely employed in low and medium grade energy utilization and heating ventilation and air conditioning. The refrigerant mixtures can effectively combine the advantages of their components, which plays a key role in decarbonization. As a basic thermophysical property, critical temperature, <em>T</em>_c, plays an important role in thermodynamic calculation and thermodynamics system design. In this work, the structure-property relationship models of <em>T</em>_c for binary refrigerants were established by developing predictive models based on 61 binary refrigerants with 275 sets of experimental <em>T</em>_c data and six machine learning algorithms. Also, specific halogenated groups of refrigerants are used to characterize the components and molecular structures of binary mixtures. The Multiple-layer Perceptron model owns the best fitting and generalization ability with the average deviation is lower than 2 ​%. Compared with conventional methods, the proposed model does not rely on any experimental property data or empirical parameters, and can accurately predict <em>T</em>_c of binary refrigerant mixtures directly from their components and mixing ratios. The present work could be guided in building predictive models for other properties, thereby supporting the development of novel refrigerant mixtures.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100356,"journal":{"name":"DeCarbon","volume":"9 ","pages":"Article 100123"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145048558","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}