{"title":"Mechanically-assisted crevice corrosion and its effect on materials degradation","authors":"Weichen Xu , Binbin Zhang , Owen Addison , Xiutong Wang , Baorong Hou , Fei Yu","doi":"10.1016/j.corcom.2023.01.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.corcom.2023.01.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Mechanically-assisted crevice corrosion (MACC) is a synergistic combination of wear and crevice corrosion. The major differences between tribocorrosion, fretting corrosion and MACC relate to the relative scale of motion and contact area, are clarified in this work. Experimental testing methods for MACC and design of simulation apparatuses are compared and discussed. MACC associated with biomedical alloys used as orthopedic implants, screws, and dental implants has been the subject of most recent research regarding this corrosion mechanism. However, there are also many engineering structures where the pre-requisite conditions for MACC are met but have to date received less scientific scrutiny. Examples are tubes and supportive bars/plates constructions, bolt-type structures and rail track foot covered by fastening systems. Reasonable selection of fretting-resistant materials, proper mounting methods and development of lubricating coating and oil/grease would be effective for mitigating MACC, and it is proposed that surface modification regarding contact geometries and surface compliances may have future promise.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100337,"journal":{"name":"Corrosion Communications","volume":"11 ","pages":"Pages 23-32"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49711508","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
L. Gong , D. Alamarguy , N. Ruscassier , P. Haghi-Ashtiani , M.-L. Giorgi
{"title":"Understanding of selective oxidation of Fe-Mn binary alloys during continuous annealing through X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy","authors":"L. Gong , D. Alamarguy , N. Ruscassier , P. Haghi-Ashtiani , M.-L. Giorgi","doi":"10.1016/j.corcom.2022.10.005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.corcom.2022.10.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Selective oxidation of Fe-Mn alloys was characterizied through X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and scanning/transmission electron microscopy during industrial continuous annealing (in an atmosphere of N<sub>2</sub>–5 vol.% H<sub>2</sub> with traces of water at 800 °C). After annealing, only MnO oxides are formed on and below the surface and few iron oxides appear on the top surface due to oxidation of ambient air or the formation of FeO-MnO solid solutions. Mn concentration profiles exhibit typical selective oxidation and show similar features. Mn concentration first increases to a peak value at a depth of 5–10 nm from surface, and then decreases to the minimum at the oxidation front, following with a floating up and down to bulk composition. According to XPS spectra and Mn concentration profiles as a function of depth, the annealed alloy surfaces can be divided into four zones: ambient air contaminated zone, MnO enrichment zone (external and internal oxidation coexisting here), Mn depletion zone and bulk composition zone. Mn concentration reaches a minimum value at the oxidation front, whose position is deeper with annealing temperature and time increasing. The value of Mn diffusion coefficient in ferrite estimated using diffusion flux at the oxidation front is 2.9 × 10<sup>−15</sup> m<sup>2</sup> s<sup>−1</sup> at 800 °C, which is slightly greater than that in literature.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100337,"journal":{"name":"Corrosion Communications","volume":"11 ","pages":"Pages 72-82"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49711736","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Lin Chen, Yu Dong, Yun-Qi Tong, Mei-Jun Liu, Guan-Jun Yang
{"title":"Critical firing conditions for titanium alloys by molten droplet ignition","authors":"Lin Chen, Yu Dong, Yun-Qi Tong, Mei-Jun Liu, Guan-Jun Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.corcom.2022.10.003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.corcom.2022.10.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Reliable service of indispensable titanium alloys in aeroengines is limited by titanium fire with unclear critical conditions. In this study, critical conditions in the form of parameter phase diagrams for secondary burning were determined by molten droplet ignition. Finite element analysis (FEA) reveals that the molten droplet size (<em>R</em><sub>0</sub>), relative oxygen content (<em>P</em><sub>r</sub>), and initial temperature (<em>T</em><sub>0</sub>) significantly affect titanium fire following power exponential laws. In addition, <em>P</em><sub>r</sub> and <em>T</em><sub>0</sub> affect ablation synergically, and a unified empirical relationship for critical ablation of titanium alloy is established. Furthermore, the critical <em>T</em><sub>0</sub> of a typical TC4 alloy under 20% <em>P</em><sub>r</sub> is higher than 973 K, which explains the reliable service performance of TC4 alloy at ≤ 873 K in compressors in commerical air engines. In addition, the critical empirical conditions are consistent with the FEA results, and the deviation occurs due to oxidation at <em>T</em><sub>0</sub> ≥ 673 K. Moreover, the ablated TC4 alloy can be divided into five characteristic zones, and loose and porous oxide scales are formed at the front of the titanium fire. The present study points the way towards long-lifetime services of TC4 alloys through sound titanium fire protection strategies.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100337,"journal":{"name":"Corrosion Communications","volume":"11 ","pages":"Pages 33-43"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49711514","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Electrochemical migration behavior of copper under a thin distilled water layer","authors":"Kang Qi, Hualiang Huang","doi":"10.1016/j.corcom.2022.09.004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.corcom.2022.09.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Electrochemical migration behavior of copper under a thin distilled water layer (TDWL) was explored by electrochemical and surface characterization. It demonstrates that electrochemical migration of copper can occur under a TDWL. The short-circuit time caused by copper dendrites increases with TDWL thickness. It is attributed to the acceleration of hydroxyl ion migration caused by the increasing TDWL thickness, which inhibits migration of copper ions due to the formation of Cu(OH)<sub>2</sub>. The short-circuit time decreases with applied bias voltage, which originates from the acceleration of copper dissolution.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100337,"journal":{"name":"Corrosion Communications","volume":"11 ","pages":"Pages 52-57"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49725663","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Corrosion and protection of metallic materials in molten carbonates for concentrating solar power and molten carbonate electrolysis applications","authors":"Peilin Wang, Kaifa Du, Huayi Yin, Dihua Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.corcom.2023.01.003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.corcom.2023.01.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Molten carbonates have recently attracted increasing interest for use as effective functional media in the fields of sustainable energy processes such as the Concentrating Solar Power (CSP) plants and the molten carbonate electrolysis (MCE) process. The compatibility between metallic materials and molten carbonate media is one of the important considerations and significant technical challenges for the practical molten carbonate application. Herein, we summarized the behaviors and mechanisms of molten carbonate-induced corrosion of metallic materials. The effects of operating temperature, gas atmosphere, electrochemical polarization, alloy elements, gas-liquid interface, and dynamic conditions on the corrosion behaviors and mechanisms of metals in molten carbonates were systematically reviewed. In addition, the corrosion mitigation approaches including regulation of melt basicity and surface treatments of metals are discussed. This review will serve as the foundation for further research addressing the challenges of molten carbonate-induced corrosion and enabling the effective applications of molten carbonates in a sustainable and low-carbon world.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100337,"journal":{"name":"Corrosion Communications","volume":"11 ","pages":"Pages 58-71"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49725667","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Crystallization behavior of calcium–magnesium–alumina–silicate coupled with NaCl/Na2SO4","authors":"Xinmu Zhang , Hui Xin , Lei Guo","doi":"10.1016/j.corcom.2022.08.003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.corcom.2022.08.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Promoting molten calcium–magnesium–alumina–silicate (CMAS) crystallization can highly reduce the melt penetration into thermal barrier coatings (TBCs), which alleviates its corrosion to TBCs. In marine environments, many salts are coupled with CMAS. In this study, we investigated the crystallization behavior of CMAS + NaCl/NaSO<sub>4</sub>, and pointed out its influence on the corrosion behavior of TBCs. At 1200 ℃, CMAS + NaCl was crystalized into CaMgSi<sub>2</sub>O<sub>6</sub>, CaSiO<sub>3</sub> and CaAl<sub>2</sub>Si<sub>2</sub>O<sub>8</sub>, while the crystallization products of CMAS + NaSO<sub>4</sub> depended on NaSO<sub>4</sub> content, i.e., 4 wt.% and 10 wt.% NaSO<sub>4</sub> addition leading to CaAl<sub>2</sub>Si<sub>2</sub>O<sub>8</sub> and Ca<sub>2</sub>Al(AlSiO<sub>7</sub>) phases, respectively, in addition to CaMgSi<sub>2</sub>O<sub>6</sub> and CaSiO<sub>3</sub>. At 1100 ℃, CMAS + NaSO<sub>4</sub> crystalized, while CMAS + NaCl had no crystallization. At lower temperatures, both NaCl and NaSO<sub>4</sub> additions could suppress CMAS crystallization. It reveals that CMAS coupled with molten salt is hard to crystallize, which is detrimental to corrosion protection.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100337,"journal":{"name":"Corrosion Communications","volume":"10 ","pages":"Pages 1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49711705","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Two metabolic stages of SRB strain Desulfovibrio bizertensis affecting corrosion mechanism of carbon steel Q235","authors":"Xucheng Dong , Xiaofan Zhai , Jing Yang , Fang Guan , Yimeng Zhang , Jizhou Duan , Baorong Hou","doi":"10.1016/j.corcom.2023.01.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.corcom.2023.01.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><em>Desulfovibrio bizertensis (D. bizertensis)</em>, an SRB isolated and cultured from the rust layer of the South China Sea, is widespread in the corrosive microbial communities on steel surface. Although the corrosion mechanism of SRB was widely studied, the mechanism of different metabolic stages inducing corrosion was still unclear. In this work, <em>D. bizertensis</em> was used to study the corrosion process of carbon steel Q235 at different metabolic stages by surface analysis and electrochemical methods. Combined with the metabolic process of SRB, corrosion pits of carbon steel could be influenced by two stages. In the first stage, the rapid growth of planktonic <em>D. bizertensis</em> cells in culture medium was accompanied by quick consumption of the electron donor (lactate) till complete consumption. <em>D. bizertensis</em> cells began to adhere to Q235 surface and promote anodic dissolution of iron. In the second stage, the growth of planktonic cells was suppressed, thus the colonized <em>D. bizertensis</em> cell in the pitting could obtain energy directly from Fe(0) through DET, which would further aggravate pitting corrosion and the maximum depth of the pits approached 15.7 µm. Sulfides produced by <em>D. bizertensis</em> metabolism would accumulate on steel coupon and form FeS coverage. Thus <em>D. bizertensis</em> could survive for a long time in this conductive FeS particles network. Electrochemical results showed the promotion effect of <em>D. bizertensis</em> on cathodic reaction, and the values of <em>R</em><sub>ct</sub> in the SRB medium were much lower than that in the sterile medium.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100337,"journal":{"name":"Corrosion Communications","volume":"10 ","pages":"Pages 56-68"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49711645","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}