Cleaner and Circular Bioeconomy最新文献

{"title":"From waste to wealth: Exploring biochar's potential in energy generation and waste mitigation","authors":"Kwame Anokye","doi":"10.1016/j.clcb.2024.100101","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clcb.2024.100101","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Biochar, a carbon-rich material produced from biomass pyrolysis, has garnered increasing attention as an alternative source of energy and a sustainable waste management solution. This narrative review examines the potential of biochar technologies in addressing energy generation and waste mitigation challenges, with a specific focus on its relevance to Ghana's socio-economic and environmental context. Drawing on a comprehensive analysis of literature, the review explores key findings regarding policy frameworks, market mechanisms, and practical implications for biochar adoption. This study integrates insights from various disciplines, including environmental science, renewable energy, waste management, and sustainable development. Through synthesizing diverse perspectives, it offers a holistic understanding of biochar's potential applications and impacts. The study highlights the importance of robust policy frameworks and market mechanisms in fostering the adoption of biochar technologies, emphasizing the need for tailored approaches that align with Ghana's development priorities. Thus, integrating multiple perspectives, identifying practical strategies, suggesting future research directions and identifying practical implications and recommendations this review contributes to advancing our understanding of biochar technologies and their potential contributions to sustainable development in Ghana and beyond.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100250,"journal":{"name":"Cleaner and Circular Bioeconomy","volume":"9 ","pages":"Article 100101"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772801324000290/pdfft?md5=f7adff64baee5b47930f9e5341469b6b&pid=1-s2.0-S2772801324000290-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141979740","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Participation in livestock-based interventions and its impact on food security in Bangladesh: A quasi-experimental method","authors":"Paresh Kumar Sarma","doi":"10.1016/j.clcb.2024.100098","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clcb.2024.100098","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Livestock-based interventions play a critical role in enhancing food security in developing countries like Bangladesh, contributing to enhanced livestock productivity, improved household income, ensured food security, women's empowerment, livelihoods advancement, and positioning agriculture as a catalyst for economic growth. The study specifically examines the impact of the livestock and dairy development project (LDDP) intervention on food security in rural livestock farming households in Bangladesh. We gathered data, we are employing simple random sampling, and collecting 180 cross-sectional primary data from both LDDP participants and non-participants. Descriptive statistics, inferential statistics, and propensity score matching approaches were utilized to achieve our research objectives. Livestock farming households with LDDP participants exhibited higher food security, with beneficiaries surpassing non-participants by 52 % and 40 %, respectively. The mean per capita calorie intake for LDDP participant households was 1966.134 (Kcal), whereas non-participant households recorded 1762.130 (Kcal). The results demonstrate that LDDP intervention significantly and positively impacts food security, women's empowerment, household welfare, and income. These interventions have the potential to enhance nutrition and boost household income, thereby contributing to the stability of food security. Consequently, we recommended an expansion of LDDP intervention, encompassing less resourceful farmers with adequate logistical support. This study illustrates how employing propensity score matching method (PSM) and implementing the LDDP intervention can effectively improve food security in livestock farming households in Bangladesh.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100250,"journal":{"name":"Cleaner and Circular Bioeconomy","volume":"9 ","pages":"Article 100098"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772801324000265/pdfft?md5=5cc842cd28876063ccdaa879ee40f7e4&pid=1-s2.0-S2772801324000265-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141963912","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Carbon footprint of the predominant mechanized timber harvesting methods in the Northeastern US","authors":"Ashish Alex ,&nbsp;Anil Raj Kizha ,&nbsp;Alex K. George ,&nbsp;Steven Bick ,&nbsp;Jingxin Wang ,&nbsp;Sharon Klein ,&nbsp;Libin T. Louis ,&nbsp;Ling Li ,&nbsp;Priyan Perera ,&nbsp;Abha Manohar K","doi":"10.1016/j.clcb.2024.100097","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clcb.2024.100097","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Estimating carbon footprint of forest operations is essential to budget the environmental impacts of the industry. The study objectives were to a) assess the carbon footprint of whole-tree (WT), cut-to-length (CTL), and hybrid cut-to-length (Hyb CTL) harvesting methods in the Northeastern US; b) assess global warming potential of various processes involved in timber harvesting for different harvest methods; and c) evaluate variation in the carbon footprint for the summer and winter harvest. SimaPro 9.3.0.3 software and allied databases (USLCI and US-EI 2.2) adhering to ISO 14,040 and 14,044 standards were used for cradle-to-gate life cycle assessment (LCA) with a functional unit of 1 tonne of green roundwood. Tool for reduction and assessment of chemicals and other environmental impacts (TRACI v 2.1) was used for impact assessment. The input variables were quantity of fuel (liter tonne^-1) and lubricants (kg tonne^-1) for respective harvesting operations. The results of LCA showed that carbon footprint was highest for WT (11.57 kg CO₂ eq), followed by Hyb CTL (11.09 kg CO₂ eq) and CTL (9.91 kg CO₂ eq) methods. Secondary transportation (trucking) had highest global warming potential among the processes. Winter harvest had a higher carbon footprint than summer by 2 and 3 percent, respectively, for CTL and Hyb CTL methods. The extra time needed to warm up engine resulted in a higher carbon footprint for winter harvest. Higher carbon footprint for WT method can be attributed to greater number of equipment involved for WT resulting in more fuel consumption, compared to other methods. Among the stump-to-landing processes, skidding contributed foremost in WT, whereas felling and processing in CTL, and processing in Hyb CTL, respectively. These results could be used in the upstream process for future LCA of different wood products manufactured in the region.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100250,"journal":{"name":"Cleaner and Circular Bioeconomy","volume":"9 ","pages":"Article 100097"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772801324000253/pdfft?md5=bf394a22dbdafff3c173de982c246662&pid=1-s2.0-S2772801324000253-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141953074","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimizing film mechanical and water contact angle properties via PLA/starch/lecithin concentrations","authors":"Taofeek Mukaila ,&nbsp;Adewale Adeniyi ,&nbsp;Ibrahim Bello ,&nbsp;Niloy Chandra Sarker ,&nbsp;Ewumbua Monono ,&nbsp;Ademola Hammed","doi":"10.1016/j.clcb.2024.100095","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clcb.2024.100095","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The optimization of mechanical property and water contact angle of PLA/starch/lecithin film was conducted using response surface methodology. The tensile strength, Young's modulus and water contact angle of PLA/starch/lecithin film ranged from 0.44 ± 0.21–7.18 ± 0.57 MPa, 133.78 ± 33.7–775.57 ± 85.44 MPa and 17.71 ± 1.93–59.41 ± 28 (^o), respectively. The amount of PLA and starch significantly impacts tensile strength and Young's modulus. Unlike starch, increasing PLA in the film formulation increases tensile strength and Young's modulus. The PLA-lecithin interaction decreases the film tensile strength and Young's modulus. The film water contact angle is statistically impacted by the PLA/starch interaction and quadratic term of lecithin. The adjusted R-square and p-value of each of the response ANOVA result indicates that the model quite captures the behavior of the responses. The response 2D plots also provide more insight into the variable behavior on the resulting response, making the response surface methodology a tool to design, develop and optimize PLA-based films.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100250,"journal":{"name":"Cleaner and Circular Bioeconomy","volume":"8 ","pages":"Article 100095"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S277280132400023X/pdfft?md5=222ade902c40cb4684fa4e7a39b51bce&pid=1-s2.0-S277280132400023X-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141839156","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Forest products circular economy in an export-focused jurisdiction: Can it fill the emission reduction gap?","authors":"Sheng H. Xie ,&nbsp;Werner A. Kurz ,&nbsp;Carolyn Smyth ,&nbsp;Zhen Xu ,&nbsp;Dominik Roeser","doi":"10.1016/j.clcb.2024.100096","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clcb.2024.100096","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The use of post-consumer wood in cascades offers several potential carbon-related benefits, including longer carbon retention, less landfilling, deferred tree harvesting, and increased substitution of emissions-intensive materials. However, the establishment of well-regulated wood cascading systems is limited in many jurisdictions. In this study, we utilized a wood products carbon dynamics model (MitigAna), and data from British Columbia (BC), Canada, to estimate the mitigation potential of cascading uses of wood.</p><p>We designed three scenarios: a baseline scenario without cascading, a reuse scenario assuming an 85 % recycling ratio (as the upper bound), and an achievable cascading scenario of different commodity pathways with an average 30 % recycling ratio.</p><p>The achievable cascading scenario resulted in a biogenic emission reduction of 1.16 MtCO₂e yr^-1 (2.4 %) compared to the baseline. Further mitigation benefits may be achieved by reducing harvest, potentially leading to an additional 1.1 MtCO₂e yr^-1 reduction. However, as a major wood exporter, the circular economy policies of BC have limited influence, as many of the end-of-life events occur outside of BC and Canada's jurisdiction. If the cascading system were to be implemented exclusively in Canada, the emission reduction would only be 0.2 MtCO₂e yr^-1.</p><p>Increasing the recycling ratio from 30 % to 85 % only yielded a further 2.2 % biogenic emission reduction, which suggests a diminishing rate of return for the cascading uses of wood. Jurisdictions therefore may prioritize implementing a simple and cost-effective system initially.</p><p>There are economic and environmental challenges associated with collection, sorting, treatment, transportation, remanufacturing and commercialization of the post-consumer wood in cascade. Continued research is necessary to address these challenges and inform the development of effective strategies in this area.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100250,"journal":{"name":"Cleaner and Circular Bioeconomy","volume":"8 ","pages":"Article 100096"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772801324000241/pdfft?md5=89b6192c9b3a46826fbcb41a5760be5a&pid=1-s2.0-S2772801324000241-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141840420","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Systematic Review on Capacity Building through Renewable Energy enabled IoT- Unmanned Aerial Vehicle for Smart Agroforestry","authors":"David Lalrochunga ,&nbsp;Adikanda Parida ,&nbsp;Shibabrata Choudhury","doi":"10.1016/j.clcb.2024.100094","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clcb.2024.100094","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Agroforestry (AF) aims to produce more ecologically diversified and socially beneficial goods from the land than traditional farming. Capacity building on AF will aid in the information and the production required from agro-forested farms to undergo the technical assistance provided by unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV), and Internet of things (IoT) powered by the Renewable Energy (RE) sources. The potential adoption of these technological advancements in applications has shown tangible results. The pace in the development of UAVs, IoT, and RE has indicated that their applications will make smart-AF very feasible. This paper connects the RE, UAV, and IoT for capacity building in the AF farms. The four phases regarding RE, UAV, and IoT on AF have been constructed and the interpretive ranking on PRISMA extended (IR-PRISMA) has been used to filter and rank the most dominant theme among RE, UAV, and IoT for AF practices. Subsequently, the interventions are categorized into appropriate themes and subthemes. Based on the themes and sub-themes gaps and interdependency are identified and implications for research are discussed. The distribution across the globe and the Direct and Partial Influence (DI and PI) have also been determined to enhance their technological feasibility and potential impact on the AF farmlands considering the crops grown, climatic methods, demographic distribution, and geographic location.</p><p>The technological intervention will enhance agriculture 4.0 which highly depends on the RE, UAV, and IoT, especially for AF farms.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100250,"journal":{"name":"Cleaner and Circular Bioeconomy","volume":"8 ","pages":"Article 100094"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772801324000228/pdfft?md5=277a929980334ab867247eb249d05597&pid=1-s2.0-S2772801324000228-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141607114","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of greenness of catalytic deoxygenation of crop oil for green diesel production","authors":"Swapnil L. Fegade","doi":"10.1016/j.clcb.2024.100091","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clcb.2024.100091","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Green fuels and chemicals significantly contribute to the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). However, their green nature remains questionable in the absence of proper justification of greenness. There is a need for detailed assessment of greenness of claimed processes, fuels, or chemicals. The qualitative method discussed in this study establishes the greenness of a cleaner process of catalytic deoxygenation of waste cooking oil (WCO), leading to the production of green fuels and chemicals. All principles of green chemistry are considered for the assessment. The qualitative analysis of findings shows that 9 out of the 12 principles of green chemistry are fulfilled while the rest of the principles are not applicable for this process. Such discussion could be included in future studies to avoid any uncertainty about their claims of greenness of products or processes. If largely commercialized, catalytic deoxygenation of WCO could be a substantial benefit to the circular bioeconomy of the world.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100250,"journal":{"name":"Cleaner and Circular Bioeconomy","volume":"8 ","pages":"Article 100091"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772801324000198/pdfft?md5=b1c386f311cbdecc8dcda15f857503bd&pid=1-s2.0-S2772801324000198-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141444658","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Scale-up of a sorption process working with molecularly imprinted adsorbents for enrichment of winemaking residues and improvement of bioactivity","authors":"Catarina P. Gomes ,&nbsp;Cristina N. Duarte ,&nbsp;Cláudia D. Martins ,&nbsp;Joana S. Amaral ,&nbsp;Getúlio Igrejas ,&nbsp;Maria João V. Pereira ,&nbsp;Mário Rui P.F.N. Costa ,&nbsp;Rolando C.S. Dias","doi":"10.1016/j.clcb.2024.100093","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clcb.2024.100093","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This work presents the scale-up of a sorption process for the fractionation and enrichment of bioactive compounds in winemaking residues using molecularly imprinted adsorbents. The process works with hydroalcoholic solvents and the improvement of the bioactivity of the produced fractions, comparatively to the raw extracts, is demonstrated. The proposed approach was experimentally validated through the designing and running of a pilot size sorption prototype for the automation of the fractionation method. The synthesis of the molecularly imprinted adsorbents was made at the gram-scale and spent diatomaceous earth, used for wine filtration, was considered as a possible source of bioactive compounds in winemaking residues.</p><p>The different fractions produced were evaluated for their antioxidant activity through three different assays, namely radical scavenging activity, reducing power and inhibition of lipid peroxidation. The results obtained show the improvement of the bioactivity of most of the fractions comparatively to the original diatomaceous earth extract. The most enriched fraction is estimated to have a total phenolic content c.a. 3.8 times higher than the original extract. The radical scavenging activity, the reducing power and the inhibition of lipid peroxidation for this fraction were measured to be 6.4, 4.2 and 4.5 times higher, respectively, than the initial diatomaceous earth extract.</p><p>This work provides new insights on biomass valorisation and circular bioeconomy by combining in the same research materials development, process design and application to real extracts with proved improvement of the bioactivity of purified products.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100250,"journal":{"name":"Cleaner and Circular Bioeconomy","volume":"8 ","pages":"Article 100093"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772801324000216/pdfft?md5=24947eb7cf4b8d36563fe726faa79b64&pid=1-s2.0-S2772801324000216-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141415493","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring the potential of Nipah palm frond as sustainable raw material for eco-friendly particleboard production","authors":"Ros Syazmini Mohd Ghani ,&nbsp;Mohammad Shahril Osman ,&nbsp;Abdul Ismail Abdul Rani","doi":"10.1016/j.clcb.2024.100092","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clcb.2024.100092","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Efforts to reduce the use of solid wood have led to an increase in the production of wood-based products especially particleboard. The wood industry is now exploring alternative materials such as crop residue, agricultural biomass, and non-woody plants to meet the demand for the wood-based products. This article focuses on the potential of Nipah palm frond, an abundant but underutilized non-wood resource in Sarawak, as a potential raw material for particleboard. Since the research on Nipah plant is still relatively new, no commercialised products have been developed from this plant. Therefore, this review paper evaluates the properties of Nipah palm frond and its compatibility with particleboard processing parameters in order to produce particleboard for non-construction applications. Despite limitations in raw material properties, prior studies suggest Nipah palm frond particles can be used to produce medium-density particleboard. The article offers comprehensive rationale for product development and provides recommendations for processing parameters, offering insights into the potential of this sustainable resource in the wood-based industry.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100250,"journal":{"name":"Cleaner and Circular Bioeconomy","volume":"8 ","pages":"Article 100092"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772801324000204/pdfft?md5=8ce3491733eb1e52f3f8c0f20169b5b2&pid=1-s2.0-S2772801324000204-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141314535","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Environmental practices and the growth of small and medium agro-processing enterprises in Uganda","authors":"Samuel Kabbera,&nbsp;Anthony Tibaingana,&nbsp;Yusuf Kiwala,&nbsp;Jude Thaddeo Mugarura","doi":"10.1016/j.clcb.2024.100090","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clcb.2024.100090","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The study investigated the relationship between environmentally sustainable practices and the growth of agro-processing small and medium enterprises (SMEs) in Uganda. Aquantitative methodology was used to gather information from 367 respondents from agro-processing SMEs in Greater Kampala Metropolitan Area (GKMA) in Uganda. The study findings suggest that environmental practices regarding energy conservation, waste reduction and water conservation have a positive and significant relationship to the growth of agro-processing SMEs. As a result, the study suggests and recommends an environmental sustainability model that can be used by small and medium-sized agro-processing businesses in the GKMA. This is expected to improve the growth of agro-processing SMEs in Uganda thus adding to the conversation about sustainability in the Ugandan agro-processing industry as a whole.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100250,"journal":{"name":"Cleaner and Circular Bioeconomy","volume":"8 ","pages":"Article 100090"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772801324000186/pdfft?md5=dfe1b94ba2174df355abe1ce8c042c0c&pid=1-s2.0-S2772801324000186-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141095532","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}