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Ring-VCO-based phase-locked loops for clock generation – design considerations and state-of-the-art 用于时钟生成的基于环形VCO的锁相环——设计注意事项和最先进技术
Chip Pub Date : 2023-06-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.chip.2023.100051
Shiheng Yang , Jun Yin , Yueduo Liu , Zihao Zhu , Rongxin Bao , Jiahui Lin , Haoran Li , Qiang Li , Pui-In Mak , Rui P. Martins
{"title":"Ring-VCO-based phase-locked loops for clock generation – design considerations and state-of-the-art","authors":"Shiheng Yang ,&nbsp;Jun Yin ,&nbsp;Yueduo Liu ,&nbsp;Zihao Zhu ,&nbsp;Rongxin Bao ,&nbsp;Jiahui Lin ,&nbsp;Haoran Li ,&nbsp;Qiang Li ,&nbsp;Pui-In Mak ,&nbsp;Rui P. Martins","doi":"10.1016/j.chip.2023.100051","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chip.2023.100051","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This article overviews the design considerations and state-of-the-art of the ring voltage-controlled oscillator (VCO)-based phase-locked loops (PLLs) for clock generation in different applications. Particularly, the objective of the current work is to evaluate the required PLL performance among the fundamental metrics of power, jitter and area. An in-depth treatment of the mainstream PLL architectures and the associated design techniques enables them to be compared analytically and benchmarked with respect to their figure-of-merit (FoM). The paper also summarizes the key concerns on the selection of different circuit techniques to optimize the clock performance under different scenarios.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100244,"journal":{"name":"Chip","volume":"2 2","pages":"Article 100051"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50200488","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Experimental investigation of measurement incompatibility of mutually unbiased bases 互无偏基测量不相容性的实验研究
Chip Pub Date : 2023-03-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.chip.2023.100041
Yu Guo , Shuming Cheng , Xiao-Min Hu , Bi-Heng Liu , Yun-Feng Huang , Chuan-Feng Li , Guang-Can Guo
{"title":"Experimental investigation of measurement incompatibility of mutually unbiased bases","authors":"Yu Guo ,&nbsp;Shuming Cheng ,&nbsp;Xiao-Min Hu ,&nbsp;Bi-Heng Liu ,&nbsp;Yun-Feng Huang ,&nbsp;Chuan-Feng Li ,&nbsp;Guang-Can Guo","doi":"10.1016/j.chip.2023.100041","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chip.2023.100041","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Incompatible measurements are of fundamental importance to revealing the peculiar features of quantum theory, and are also useful resources in various quantum information tasks. In this work, we investigate the quantum incompatibility of mutually unbiased bases (MUBs) within the operational framework of quantum resource theory, and report an experimental validation via the task of state discrimination. In particular, we construct an experimentally friendly witness to detect incompatible MUBs, based on the probability of correctly discriminating quantum states. Furthermore, we prove that the noise robustness of MUBs can be retrieved from violating the above witness. Finally, we experimentally test the incompatibility of MUBs of dimensionality ranging from 2 to 4, and demonstrate that it is more robust to noise, as either the dimensionality of measurements or the number of MUBs increases. Our results may aid the exploration of the essential roles of incompatible measurements in both theoretical and practical applications in quantum information.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100244,"journal":{"name":"Chip","volume":"2 1","pages":"Article 100041"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50183372","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Silicon-based decoder for polarization-encoding quantum key distribution 用于偏振编码量子密钥分配的硅基解码器
Chip Pub Date : 2023-03-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.chip.2023.100039
Yongqiang Du , Xun Zhu , Xin Hua , Zhengeng Zhao , Xiao Hu , Yi Qian , Xi Xiao , Kejin Wei
{"title":"Silicon-based decoder for polarization-encoding quantum key distribution","authors":"Yongqiang Du ,&nbsp;Xun Zhu ,&nbsp;Xin Hua ,&nbsp;Zhengeng Zhao ,&nbsp;Xiao Hu ,&nbsp;Yi Qian ,&nbsp;Xi Xiao ,&nbsp;Kejin Wei","doi":"10.1016/j.chip.2023.100039","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chip.2023.100039","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><strong>Silicon-based polarization-encoding quantum key distribution (QKD) has been extensively studied due to its advantageous characteristics of its low cost and robustness. However, given the difficulty of fabricating polarized independent components on the chip, previous studies have only adopted off-chip devices to demodulate the quantum states or perform polarization compensation. In the current work, a fully chip-based decoder for polarization-encoding QKD was proposed. The chip realized a polarization state analyzer and compensated for the BB84 protocol without the requirement of additional hardware, which was based on a polarization-to-path conversion method utilizing a polarization splitter-rotator. The chip was fabricated adopting a standard silicon photonics foundry, which was of a compact design and suitable for mass production. In the experimental stability test, an average quantum bit error rate of</strong> <span><math><mrow><mn>0.59</mn><mo>%</mo></mrow></math></span> <strong>was achieved through continuous operation for 10 h without any polarization feedback. Furthermore, the chip enabled the automatic compensation of the fiber polarization drift when utilizing the developed feedback algorithm, which was emulated by a random fiber polarization scrambler. Moreover, a finite-key secret rate of 240 bps over a fiber spool of 100 km was achieved in the case of the QKD demonstration. This study marks an important step toward the integrated, practical, and large-scale deployment of QKD systems.</strong></p></div>","PeriodicalId":100244,"journal":{"name":"Chip","volume":"2 1","pages":"Article 100039"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50183416","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 7
Advanced synaptic devices and their applications in biomimetic sensory neural system 先进的突触装置及其在仿生感觉神经系统中的应用
Chip Pub Date : 2023-03-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.chip.2022.100031
Yiqi Sun , Jiean Li , Sheng Li , Yongchang Jiang , Enze Wan , Jiahan Zhang , Yi Shi , Lijia Pan
{"title":"Advanced synaptic devices and their applications in biomimetic sensory neural system","authors":"Yiqi Sun ,&nbsp;Jiean Li ,&nbsp;Sheng Li ,&nbsp;Yongchang Jiang ,&nbsp;Enze Wan ,&nbsp;Jiahan Zhang ,&nbsp;Yi Shi ,&nbsp;Lijia Pan","doi":"10.1016/j.chip.2022.100031","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chip.2022.100031","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><strong>Human nervous system, which is composed of neuron and synapse networks, is capable of processing information in a plastic, data-parallel, fault-tolerant, and energy-efficient approach. Inspired by the ingenious working mechanism of this miraculous biological data processing system, scientists have been devoting great efforts to artificial neural systems based on synaptic devices in recent decades. The continuous development of bioinspired sensors and synaptic devices in recent years have made it possible that artificial sensory neural systems are capable of capturing and processing stimuli information in real time. The progress of biomimetic sensory neural systems could provide new methods for next-generation humanoid robotics, human-machine interfaces, and other frontier applications. Herein, this review summarized the recent progress of synaptic devices and biomimetic sensory neural systems. Additionally, the opportunities and remaining challenges in the further development of biomimetic sensory neural systems were also outlined</strong>.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100244,"journal":{"name":"Chip","volume":"2 1","pages":"Article 100031"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50183373","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
High performance flexible photodetector based on 0D-2D perovskite heterostructure 基于0D-2D钙钛矿异质结构的高性能柔性光电探测器
Chip Pub Date : 2023-03-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.chip.2022.100032
Yali Ma , Yiwen Li , He Wang , Mengke Wang , Jun Wang
{"title":"High performance flexible photodetector based on 0D-2D perovskite heterostructure","authors":"Yali Ma ,&nbsp;Yiwen Li ,&nbsp;He Wang ,&nbsp;Mengke Wang ,&nbsp;Jun Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.chip.2022.100032","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chip.2022.100032","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><strong>Flexible photodetectors (PDs) comprised of low-dimensional organic-inorganic hybrid perovskites with perovskite quantum dots are expected to be the next generation wearable optoelectronic devices. A flexible Vis-NIR PD which contains 2D Dion-Jacobson (DJ) perovskite (4AMP)(MA)<sub>2</sub>Pb</strong><sub><strong>3</strong></sub><strong>I</strong><sub><strong>10</strong></sub> <strong>(4AMP = 4-(aminomethyl)piperidinium, MA = methylammonium) (n3) and micro concentration of CsPbI</strong><sub><strong>3</strong></sub> <strong>perovskite quantum dots (QDs) layered heterostructures was designed and synthesized in the current work. Controlled by the optimal concentration of QDs, the device response under 660 nm light was increased to 615%. The device combination as per mass of QDs exhibited strong photosensitivity and high-power output. The band gap between the two is minimal, which formed a matching structure and lowered the energy barrier of carrier transport process. QDs layer filled the gap of perovskite film, forming an almost defect-free heterostructure. QDs layer isolated water and passivated the perovskite layer, which therefore contributed to the high-performance of optoelectronic devices. Under the optimal concentration of QDs with up to 5000 bending cycles and different bending angles, the degradation of PDscouldbe ignored, and the devices tended to show a self-healing phenomenon with increasing bending cycles. The optimized strategy will be conducive to developing flexible, wearable, high-performance and low-cost PDs.</strong></p></div>","PeriodicalId":100244,"journal":{"name":"Chip","volume":"2 1","pages":"Article 100032"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50183374","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Implementing hardware primitives based on memristive spatiotemporal variability into cryptography applications 在密码学应用中实现基于忆阻时空变异性的硬件原语
Chip Pub Date : 2023-03-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.chip.2023.100040
Bo Liu , Yudi Zhao , YinFeng Chang , Han Hsiang Tai , Hanyuan Liang , Tsung-Cheng Chen , Shiwei Feng , Tuo-Hung Hou , Chao-Sung Lai
{"title":"Implementing hardware primitives based on memristive spatiotemporal variability into cryptography applications","authors":"Bo Liu ,&nbsp;Yudi Zhao ,&nbsp;YinFeng Chang ,&nbsp;Han Hsiang Tai ,&nbsp;Hanyuan Liang ,&nbsp;Tsung-Cheng Chen ,&nbsp;Shiwei Feng ,&nbsp;Tuo-Hung Hou ,&nbsp;Chao-Sung Lai","doi":"10.1016/j.chip.2023.100040","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chip.2023.100040","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Implementing hardware primitives into cryptosystem has become a new trend in electronic community. Memristor, with intrinsic stochastic characteristics including the switching voltages, times and energies, as well as the fluctuations of the resistance state over time, could be a naturally good entropy source for cryptographic key generation. In this study, based on kinetic Monte Carlo Simulation, multiple Artificial Intelligence techniques, as well as kernel density map and time constant analysis, memristive spatiotemporal variability within graphene based conductive bridging RAM (CBRAM) have been synergistically analyzed to verify the inherent randomness of the memristive stochasticity. Moreover, the random number based on hardware primitives passed the Hamming Distance calculation with high randomness and uniqueness, and has been integrated into a Rivest-Shamir-Adleman (RSA) cryptosystem. The security of the holistic cryptosystem relies both the modular arithmetic algorithm and the intrinsic randomness of the hardware primitive (to be more reliable, the random number could be as large as possible, better larger than 2048 bits as NIST suggested). The spatiotemporal-variability-based random number is highly random, physically unpredictable and machine-learning-attack resilient, improving the robustness of the entire cryptosystem.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100244,"journal":{"name":"Chip","volume":"2 1","pages":"Article 100040"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50183375","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
On-chip mechanical computing: status, challenges, and opportunities 片上机械计算:现状、挑战和机遇
Chip Pub Date : 2023-03-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.chip.2023.100038
Luming Wang , Pengcheng Zhang , Zuheng Liu , Zenghui Wang , Rui Yang
{"title":"On-chip mechanical computing: status, challenges, and opportunities","authors":"Luming Wang ,&nbsp;Pengcheng Zhang ,&nbsp;Zuheng Liu ,&nbsp;Zenghui Wang ,&nbsp;Rui Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.chip.2023.100038","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chip.2023.100038","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>With increasing challenges towards continued scaling and improvement in performance faced by electronic computing, mechanical computing has started to attract growing interests. Taking advantage of the mechanical degree of freedom in solid state devices, micro/nano-electromechanical systems (MEMS/NEMS) could provide alternative solutions for future computing and memory systems with ultralow power consumption, compatibility with harsh environments, and high reconfigurability. In this review, MEMS/NEMS-enabled memories and logic processors were surveyed, and the prospects and challenges for future on-chip mechanical computing were also analyzed.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100244,"journal":{"name":"Chip","volume":"2 1","pages":"Article 100038"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50183371","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
On-chip topological nanophotonic devices 片上拓扑纳米光子器件
Chip Pub Date : 2022-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.chip.2022.100025
Cui-Cui Lu , Hong-Yi Yuan , Hong-Yu Zhang , Wen Zhao , Nian-En Zhang , Yan-Ji Zheng , Sayed Elshahat , Yong-Chun Liu
{"title":"On-chip topological nanophotonic devices","authors":"Cui-Cui Lu ,&nbsp;Hong-Yi Yuan ,&nbsp;Hong-Yu Zhang ,&nbsp;Wen Zhao ,&nbsp;Nian-En Zhang ,&nbsp;Yan-Ji Zheng ,&nbsp;Sayed Elshahat ,&nbsp;Yong-Chun Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.chip.2022.100025","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.chip.2022.100025","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>On-chip topological nanophotonic devices, which take photons as information carriers with topological protection during light propagation, have great application potential in the next generation photonic chips. The topological photonic states enable the nanophotonic devices to be robust and stable, immune to scattering even with imperfect structures. The development, opportunities and challenges of the on-chip topological nanophotonic devices have attracted great attention of scholars, and desired to be known. In this review, topological devices were introduced in the order of functionalities on an integrated photonic chip, i.e. topological light source, topological light waveguiding, topological light division and selection, topological light manipulation and topological light detecting. Finally, we gave outlooks for predicting and promoting the performances of on-chip topological nanophotonic devices from the angles of non-Hermitian systems, non-Abelian topology, metasurfaces, intelligent algorithms and multiple functional topological nanophotonic integration. This review provides rich knowledge about on-chip topological nanophotonic devices. The insights in this paper will spark inspiration and inspire new thinking for the realization of topological photonic chips.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100244,"journal":{"name":"Chip","volume":"1 4","pages":"Article 100025"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2709472322000235/pdfft?md5=bd8e4c6e3d8131f0473af4b6667ea9c8&pid=1-s2.0-S2709472322000235-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75583714","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 7
Machine learning for semiconductors 半导体的机器学习
Chip Pub Date : 2022-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.chip.2022.100033
Duan-Yang Liu , Li-Ming Xu , Xu-Min Lin , Xing Wei , Wen-Jie Yu , Yang Wang , Zhong-Ming Wei
{"title":"Machine learning for semiconductors","authors":"Duan-Yang Liu ,&nbsp;Li-Ming Xu ,&nbsp;Xu-Min Lin ,&nbsp;Xing Wei ,&nbsp;Wen-Jie Yu ,&nbsp;Yang Wang ,&nbsp;Zhong-Ming Wei","doi":"10.1016/j.chip.2022.100033","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chip.2022.100033","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Thanks to the increasingly high standard of electronics, the semiconductor material science and semiconductor manufacturing have been booming in the last few decades, with massive data accumulated in both fields. If analyzed effectively, the data will be conducive to the discovery of new semiconductor materials and the development of semicondulctor manufacturing. Fortunately, machine learning, as a fast-growing tool from computer science, is expected to significantly speed up the data analysis. In recently years, many researches on machine learning study of semiconductor materials and semiconductor manufacturing have been reported. This article is aimed to introduce these progress and present some prospects in this field.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100244,"journal":{"name":"Chip","volume":"1 4","pages":"Article 100033"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2709472322000314/pdfft?md5=aea3a91afcb744ac50fea7f377b09e96&pid=1-s2.0-S2709472322000314-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91681672","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 3
Ultra-compact lithium niobate microcavity electro-optic modulator beyond 110 GHz 超紧凑铌酸锂超110 GHz微腔电光调制器
Chip Pub Date : 2022-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.chip.2022.100029
Bing-Cheng Pan , Hong-Xuan Liu , Hao-Chen Xu , Yi-Shu Huang , Huan Li , Ze-Jie Yu , Liu Liu , Yao-Cheng Shi , Dao-Xin Dai
{"title":"Ultra-compact lithium niobate microcavity electro-optic modulator beyond 110 GHz","authors":"Bing-Cheng Pan ,&nbsp;Hong-Xuan Liu ,&nbsp;Hao-Chen Xu ,&nbsp;Yi-Shu Huang ,&nbsp;Huan Li ,&nbsp;Ze-Jie Yu ,&nbsp;Liu Liu ,&nbsp;Yao-Cheng Shi ,&nbsp;Dao-Xin Dai","doi":"10.1016/j.chip.2022.100029","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.chip.2022.100029","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><strong>A lithium-niobate-on-insulator (LNOI) electro-optic (EO) modulator based on a 2 × 2 FP-cavity was designed and realized with an ultra-compact footprint and an ultra-high bandwidth. A comprehensive analysis on the present LNOI FP-cavity modulator was conducted to reveal the dependence of modulation bandwidth and modulation efficiency on the cavity Q-factor and the operation wavelength detuning to the resonance. In particular, the 2 × 2 FP cavity was designed to achieve an optimal Q factor by reducing the reflectivity of reflectors and the cavity length, thus reducing the photon lifetime in the cavity . An ultra-short effective cavity length of only∼ 50 µm was achieved for the designed LNOI FP-cavity modulator, with itsfootprint being as compact as ∼ 4 × 500 µm</strong><span><sup>2</sup></span><strong>. It was demonstrated theoretically that the modulation bandwidth could be improved significantly to be over 200 GHz by utilizing the peaking enhancement effect. The fabricated device exhibited an excess loss of ∼ 1 dB and an extinction ratio of ∼ 20 dB in experiments, while the measured 3-dB bandwidth was higher than 110 GHz (beyond the maximal range of the facilities in experiments). Up till now, to our best knowledge, this has been the first LNOI microcavity modulator with a bandwidth higher than 110 GHz. Finally, high-quality eye-diagrams of 100 Gbps on-off keying (OOK) and 140 Gbps 4-pulse amplitude modulation (PAM4) signals were demonstrated experimentally, and the energy consumption for the OOK signals was as low as 4.5 fJ/bit.</strong></p></div>","PeriodicalId":100244,"journal":{"name":"Chip","volume":"1 4","pages":"Article 100029"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2709472322000272/pdfft?md5=fd866f2c0d3dcc0ec01ab8afa54a6fca&pid=1-s2.0-S2709472322000272-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79604506","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 9
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