Chem & Bio EngineeringPub Date : 2026-02-26Epub Date: 2026-01-14DOI: 10.1021/cbe.5c00079
Feng Qiu, Ke Huang, Peng Tao, Sheng Han, Wai-Yeung Wong
{"title":"Micellization of Organic Conjugated Polymers toward Functional Nanomaterials for Photocatalytic Applications","authors":"Feng Qiu, Ke Huang, Peng Tao, Sheng Han, Wai-Yeung Wong","doi":"10.1021/cbe.5c00079","DOIUrl":"10.1021/cbe.5c00079","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Organic conjugated polymers (CPs)with an extended π-conjugatedbackbone exhibiting unique photophysical and chemical properties (e.g.,good chemical stability, tunable light absorption, superior chargemobility, etc.) have been developed as promising photosensitizersfor wide photocatalytic applications. Most of the reviews concerningCPs for photocatalytic applications focus on the structural designof CPs to achieve unique photophysical properties including broadabsorption spectrum, high molar absorption coefficient, and low photobleaching.Construction of CPs into porous topological structures provides richactive sites. Moreover, the crystallinity of CPs facilitates photoinducedexciton transport across the polymeric backbone. However, the inherenthydrophobic character of these CPs exhibits low solubility in aqueousconditions, resulting in the existence of photoinduced exciton recombination,which would limit their photocatalytic applications. Micellizationof CPs with hydrophilic functional groups via covalent/noncovalentinteractions to construct the conjugated polymeric nanomaterials (CPNs)with improved surface wettability is an efficient approach to theconstruction of high-performance photocatalysts, resulting in theirhigh dispersion stability in an aqueous solution and enhanced electrontransfer from the photocatalyst to the reactant by decreasing theirinterfacial free energy. In this perspective, we provide a criticaloverview of the recent progress on the design and synthesis of theCPNs, focusing particularly on the relationship between the morphologyand size of CPNs and their optoelectronic properties. Moreover, theirphotocatalytic applications including organic pollutant degradation,photoinduced chemical reactions, hydrogen evolution, CO<sub>2</sub> fixation, and medical therapy are discussed systematically. Thecurrent challenges and perspectives of CPNs for photocatalytic applicationsare also highlighted.</p>","PeriodicalId":100230,"journal":{"name":"Chem & Bio Engineering","volume":"3 2","pages":"104–125"},"PeriodicalIF":8.4,"publicationDate":"2026-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147350121","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Chem & Bio EngineeringPub Date : 2026-02-26Epub Date: 2025-10-21DOI: 10.1021/cbe.4c00188
Qihang Xu, Ying Guo, Gang Niu, Heping Wu, Frederic Coulon, Zhugen Yang
{"title":"Advances in Biosensor Technology for Illicit Drug Detection Enable Effective Wastewater Surveillance","authors":"Qihang Xu, Ying Guo, Gang Niu, Heping Wu, Frederic Coulon, Zhugen Yang","doi":"10.1021/cbe.4c00188","DOIUrl":"10.1021/cbe.4c00188","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Drug abuse has been a global publichealth challenge, requiringrobust and timely strategies for monitoring drug consumption at thecommunity level. Wastewater-based epidemiology (WBE) offers population-scaleinsights by analyzing drug biomarkers in sewage, yet conventionalanalytical methods can be time-consuming and resource-intensive. Biosensortechnology is rapidly emerging as a promising tool for detecting illicitdrugs in complex wastewater matrices, offering significant advantagesin speed, specificity, and cost-effectiveness over conventional analyticalmethods. This review explores the emerging role of biosensor technologyin enhancing WBE for illicit drug detection. We first outline theprinciples of WBE and discuss conventional analytical techniques usedin wastewater drug surveillance, noting their limitations in cost,throughput, and real-time applicability. Next, we examine key biosensorplatforms encompassing electrochemical, optical, and other transducer-baseddesigns and highlight their capacity to rapidly and selectively detecttarget drugs or metabolites in complex wastewater matrics. We thenaddress the principal challenges of biosensor deployment in WBE, includingsample matrix interference, sensor fouling, and the need for calibrationand standardization. Finally, we identify critical research gaps,such as further miniaturization, multiplexed detection, and integrationwith Internet of Things (IoT) and big data analytics. By merging biosensorinnovation with WBE, this multidisciplinary approach promises moreefficient, adaptable, and community-focused solutions for trackingillicit drug trends and informing public health policy.</p>","PeriodicalId":100230,"journal":{"name":"Chem & Bio Engineering","volume":"3 2","pages":"87–103"},"PeriodicalIF":8.4,"publicationDate":"2026-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147350043","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Silver-Based Alcohol-Functionalized Solvent for Efficient Separation of Olefins","authors":"Hongwei Kang, Guojia Yu, Jingyi Xu, Shuying Wang, Zhiyong Zhou, Chencan Du, Yuming Tu, Junjun Shi, Zhongqi Ren","doi":"10.1021/cbe.5c00120","DOIUrl":"10.1021/cbe.5c00120","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Olefins are important chemical raw materials, and separatingalkanes/olefinsin oil products is very important. However, alkanes and olefins withthe same number of carbons have similar physicochemical propertiesand structures; therefore, separating them is difficult. This studydesigned and synthesized a series of silver-based alcohol-functionalizedsolvents for separating the cyclohexene/cyclohexane system, basedon the salt effect and the π–π* coordination betweenAg<sup>+</sup> and the unsaturated double bonds of olefins. We screenedBF<sub>4</sub><sup>–</sup>, which has a large ionic radiusand weak interactions, as the anion and 1,2-propanediol (1,2-PG),which has two hydroxyl groups (−OH), as the organic ligand.We relied on the interactions between –OH in the ligand toaffect the electron cloud density of Ag<sup>+</sup> after it coordinatedwith –OH. This allows the empty orbitals of Ag<sup>+</sup> remainingafter coordination with two 1,2-PGs to ligate with the carbon–carbondouble bond (–C<span></span>C), achieving efficient, highly selectivecyclohexene separation. At the same time, at a low cyclohexene concentration,compound [Ag(cyclohexene)<sub>2</sub>(1,2-PG)<sub>2</sub>]BF<sub>4</sub> also exhibited a strong salt effect, which further improved theselectivity and extraction capacity of cyclohexene. Under optimaloperating conditions, with an initial cyclohexene concentration of20 mol %, the distribution coefficient of cyclohexene was as highas 5.456, and the selectivity was as high as 1362. The single-stageextraction rate of cyclohexene reached 94.24%. Furthermore, in the1-hexene/<em>n</em>-hexane system, the distribution coefficientof 1-hexene was as high as 6.733, and the selectivity was 647.4. Theseresults are significantly better than those reported for other extractants.The silver-based alcohol-functionalized solvents developed in thisstudy exhibit high efficiency and robust separation performance andare environmentally benign.</p>","PeriodicalId":100230,"journal":{"name":"Chem & Bio Engineering","volume":"3 2","pages":"320–330"},"PeriodicalIF":8.4,"publicationDate":"2026-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147350197","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Chem & Bio EngineeringPub Date : 2026-02-26Epub Date: 2025-11-18DOI: 10.1021/cbe.5c00080
Sadhbhawana Dubey, Varsha Choudhary, Sanat Kumar, Prakashaiah B G, Asheesh Kumar
{"title":"Investigating the Hydrate and Corrosion Inhibition Efficacy of Propargyl Alcohol: Applicable to Flow Assurance in Natural Gas Pipelines","authors":"Sadhbhawana Dubey, Varsha Choudhary, Sanat Kumar, Prakashaiah B G, Asheesh Kumar","doi":"10.1021/cbe.5c00080","DOIUrl":"10.1021/cbe.5c00080","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Thermodynamic hydrate inhibitors have been extensivelyand effectivelyused to mitigate hydrate crystal formation and deposition in oil andgas pipelines. However, their high dosages and incompatibilities withcorrosion inhibitors have always been a challenge. Therefore, in thiswork, we investigate the efficacy of a dual nature chemical, propargylalcohol (POH), for inhibiting natural gas hydrate and corrosion. Herein,we systematically evaluate the hydrate formation kinetics, phase equilibria,resistance to flow, hydrate morphology (visual information on hydrateformation and dissociation), and corrosion inhibition properties of POH and compare them with methyl alcohol (MeOH). Gas hydrate studieswere performed while employing a high-pressure visual torque sensor-basedreactor and pure methane gas at a pressure of 8.0 MPa. Additionally,the corrosion efficacy of POH and MeOH was investigated using electrochemicalimpedance spectroscopy (EIS) and potentiodynamic polarization (PDP)methods, using CO<sub>2</sub>-saturated saline water (3.5% NaCl) asa corrosive medium. Results reveal the thermodynamic hydrate inhibitionand corrosion efficacy of POH. This study offers new insights intohydrate management and corrosion prevention for oil and gas pipelines.</p>","PeriodicalId":100230,"journal":{"name":"Chem & Bio Engineering","volume":"3 2","pages":"231–243"},"PeriodicalIF":8.4,"publicationDate":"2026-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147350114","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Chem & Bio EngineeringPub Date : 2026-02-26Epub Date: 2025-09-09DOI: 10.1021/cbe.5c00058
Zheng Dong, Lidan Gao, Jian Xue, Lingzhu Bian, Ling Wang, Bingbing Zhang, Yuhui Dong, Sen Chen, Yi Zhang
{"title":"Morphologically Guided Mesoscopic Pore System for Enhancing the Impact Resistance of Stomatopod Telson","authors":"Zheng Dong, Lidan Gao, Jian Xue, Lingzhu Bian, Ling Wang, Bingbing Zhang, Yuhui Dong, Sen Chen, Yi Zhang","doi":"10.1021/cbe.5c00058","DOIUrl":"10.1021/cbe.5c00058","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Although composed of similar building materials, thestomatopodtelson exhibits far greater impact resistance than the tergite, enablingit to withstand powerful strikes during predation and ritualized fighting.While its macroscopic robustness is well-documented, this study investigatesthe structural and mechanical optimization strategies of the telsonat the meso- and microscales using high-speed, high-resolution synchrotronimaging. Synchrotron CT revealed a unique 3D mesoscopic pore networkdistributed unevenly within the telson. To assess its mechanical role,in situ drop-weight impact tests were conducted, with cross-scaledeformation mechanisms elucidated through fast in situ 2D X-ray imagingand high-resolution ex situ 3D tomography. Furthermore, the studyuncovered novel toughening mechanisms associated with mineralizedchitin nanofibers at the microscale. These findings provide valuableinsights for designing lightweight fiber-reinforced composites withenhanced flexibility and damage tolerance.</p>","PeriodicalId":100230,"journal":{"name":"Chem & Bio Engineering","volume":"3 2","pages":"188–198"},"PeriodicalIF":8.4,"publicationDate":"2026-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147350209","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Chem & Bio EngineeringPub Date : 2026-02-26Epub Date: 2026-01-26DOI: 10.1021/cbe.5c00158
Xirui Wang, Qingyu Li, Mengyu Guo, Long Chen, Fenhong Zhao, Kang Liu, Yue Wang, Jiankun Sun, Lixue Zhang
{"title":"Co–Ni Synergy Engineered in a Perovskite for Highly Selective Nitrate Electroreduction to Ammonia","authors":"Xirui Wang, Qingyu Li, Mengyu Guo, Long Chen, Fenhong Zhao, Kang Liu, Yue Wang, Jiankun Sun, Lixue Zhang","doi":"10.1021/cbe.5c00158","DOIUrl":"10.1021/cbe.5c00158","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Perovskite oxides have emerged aspromising electrocatalysts forthe nitrate reduction reaction (NO<sub>3</sub>RR) to ammonia, yettheir practical application is often limited by unsatisfactory ammoniaselectivity, low yield, and poor suppression of competing reactions.Herein, we develop a multimetallic perovskite electrocatalyst, La<sub>0.5</sub>Sr<sub>0.5</sub>Co<sub>0.5</sub>Ni<sub>0.5</sub>O<sub>3</sub> (LSCNO), via a sol–gel method. Density functional theory(DFT) results show that Ni doping regulates the electronic structureof Co and shifts its d-band center upward. This optimization lowersthe energy barrier of the *NO → *NOH rate-determining stepand accelerates nitrate-reduction kinetics, further enhancing theintrinsic catalytic activity. As a result, LSCNO delivers a remarkableNO<sub>3</sub>RR performance, achieving a Faradaic efficiency of 94.96%and an NH<sub>3</sub> yield rate of 9475.9 μg h<sup>–1</sup> cm<sup>–2</sup> at −0.5 V vs RHE, while maintainingexcellent stability during 12 consecutive cycles and prolonged operationat a current density οf 150 mA cm<sup>–2</sup>. Whenimplemented in a flow-cell system, compared to H-type electrolyticcells, the catalyst enables a steady increase in the ammonia yieldat lower potential. Furthermore, a Zn-NO<sub>3</sub><sup>–</sup> battery assembled with an LSCNO cathode delivers a peak power densityof 10.19 mW cm<sup>–2</sup> and outstanding long-term cyclingdurability over 10,000 min. These results highlight LSCNO as a highlyefficient and stable catalyst for nitrate-to-amine conversion, demonstratingsignificant potential for practical nitrogen-resource recovery andsustainable energy storage.</p>","PeriodicalId":100230,"journal":{"name":"Chem & Bio Engineering","volume":"3 2","pages":"351–360"},"PeriodicalIF":8.4,"publicationDate":"2026-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147350014","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Chem & Bio EngineeringPub Date : 2026-02-26Epub Date: 2025-12-24DOI: 10.1021/cbe.5c00094
Juri Kim, Dong Ki Yoon
{"title":"Photopatterning-Induced Diffusion for Directed Molecular Alignment","authors":"Juri Kim, Dong Ki Yoon","doi":"10.1021/cbe.5c00094","DOIUrl":"10.1021/cbe.5c00094","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Photopolymerization has been emerged as a pivotal techniqueforspatially controlled solidification of polymer networks, owing toits compatibility with diverse patterning methods such as photomasklithography and digital light projection. While spatial confinementof polymerization enables the fabrication of microscale structures,it inherently induces concentration gradients of unreacted monomersbetween exposed and unexposed regions, leading to inevitable diffusionphenomena. This diffusion not only causes swelling of the polymernetwork and blurring of patterned edges but also acts as a drivingforce for the formation of novel microstructures. When combined withliquid crystalline phases, which exhibit collective molecular behaviorand are highly responsive to shear-induced alignment, the interplaybetween polymerization kinetics and diffusion enables simultaneouscontrol over both structure and internal anisotropy. This review summarizesrecent advances in understanding the coupled kinetics of photopolymerizationand diffusion during photopatterning and highlights emerging strategiesfor directing microstructural morphology and internal alignment. Theseinsights offer new perspectives for designing hierarchical materialswith programmable architecture and functionality.</p>","PeriodicalId":100230,"journal":{"name":"Chem & Bio Engineering","volume":"3 2","pages":"126–147"},"PeriodicalIF":8.4,"publicationDate":"2026-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147350203","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Chem & Bio EngineeringPub Date : 2026-02-26Epub Date: 2025-12-12DOI: 10.1021/cbe.5c00095
Yiyang Zhang, Yao Wang, Sheng Wang, Haosen Xing, Chengfu Zhang, Jiayan Li, Ping Che, Ce Wang, Yongsheng Han
{"title":"Electrodeposition of Large-Scale and Uniform Hydrophilic and Oleophobic Surfaces on Cylindrical Nickel Foam for Oil–Water Separation","authors":"Yiyang Zhang, Yao Wang, Sheng Wang, Haosen Xing, Chengfu Zhang, Jiayan Li, Ping Che, Ce Wang, Yongsheng Han","doi":"10.1021/cbe.5c00095","DOIUrl":"10.1021/cbe.5c00095","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The development of metal-based membranes featuring hydrophilicand oleophobic properties is essential for industrial oil–waterseparation. Most industrial filters have a cylindrical shape to matchother filter components. The modification of the cylindrical surfaceis much more difficult than the plane surface owing to the challengesof reaction and mass transfer on the tubular surface. To address thisissue, we developed an electrochemical deposition method that enablesthe direct construction of a hydrophilic and underwater oleophobiccoating on a cylindrical nickel foam substrate through precise masstransfer control. By optimizing the mass transfer dynamics and employinga stepwise deposition strategy, we achieved uniform functionalizationon an industrial-scale cylindrical membrane with a length of 25 cm.The modified membrane exhibits an underwater–oil contact angleexceeding 140° coupled with excellent durability, chemical stability,and thermal resistance. Notably, it demonstrates high separation efficiency,reducing the oil content in water from 1500 to below 200 ppm. Thiswork presents a scalable and reliable fabrication route for high-performancecylindrical oil–water separation membranes with significantindustrial potential.</p>","PeriodicalId":100230,"journal":{"name":"Chem & Bio Engineering","volume":"3 2","pages":"283–293"},"PeriodicalIF":8.4,"publicationDate":"2026-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147350080","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Chem & Bio EngineeringPub Date : 2026-02-26Epub Date: 2025-11-20DOI: 10.1021/cbe.5c00103
Babak Alinejad, Reza Shahbazian-Yassar
{"title":"Ultrasonic Spray Coating of Graphene Oxide for Lithium Metal Battery Separators","authors":"Babak Alinejad, Reza Shahbazian-Yassar","doi":"10.1021/cbe.5c00103","DOIUrl":"10.1021/cbe.5c00103","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The uncontrolled lithium dendrite growth significantlyimpactsthe safety and performance of the polymer separators. This study presentsa conformal graphene oxide (GO) coating on polyolefin separators,applied via ultrasonic spray coating to mitigate uncontrolled dendritegrowth. The effects of the GO coating layer thickness and single-sidedor double-sided coating of the separator on electrochemical performancewere investigated. A double-sided GO coating with a total surfacedensity of 30 μg cm<sup>–2</sup> (15 μg cm<sup>–2</sup> per side) yielded the highest electrochemical efficiency.The Li deposition test of the double-sided GO coating on the polyolefinseparator can operate for 1600 h without short-circuiting. Additionally,the LiFePO<sub>4</sub>∥Li cells with the double-sided GO coatingon a polyolefin separator show improved initial discharge capacity(165 mAh g<sup>–1</sup> at 1 C) and superior rate performance(125 mAh g<sup>–1</sup> at 5 C). Moreover, the ultrasonic sprayGO coating endows the separator with robust adhesive properties ofGO/polyolefin, where GO does not delaminate in operational conditions.When the cathode mass loading was increased from approximately 1 mgcm<sup>–2</sup> to 5 mg cm<sup>–2</sup>, similar performancetrends were observed, though with an approximate 20% reduction inspecific capacity.</p>","PeriodicalId":100230,"journal":{"name":"Chem & Bio Engineering","volume":"3 2","pages":"308–319"},"PeriodicalIF":8.4,"publicationDate":"2026-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147350171","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Transferable Generative Pretrained Transformer Using Low-Rank Adaptation (TransLoRA-GPT): A Framework for Predicting Battery Aging Trajectories from Charging Fragments","authors":"Zhenyu Wang, Renquan Lv, Jiahong Liao, Lecheng Lei, Shaoyun Hao, Xingwang Zhang","doi":"10.1021/cbe.5c00101","DOIUrl":"10.1021/cbe.5c00101","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Accurate battery lifetime prediction is critical foroperationalsafety and battery management. However, limited data and poor modeltransferability make this task challenging. This paper proposes thetransferable generative pretrained transformer using low-rank adaptation(TransLoRA-GPT) to address the challenges. Specifically, dependingon whether the source and target domains are the same, a base modeland a transferred model are fine-tuned from the large language model(LLM), respectively. In the evaluation phase, by applying featureengineering from the charging data of the first 20 cycles, the modelcan predict the state of health (SOH) aging trajectory for the subsequent100 cycles. The results indicate that by fine-tuning only 3.33% ofthe total parameters, the model outperforms traditional models withan average root-mean-square error (RMSE) of 0.0128. Moreover, it maintainsrobustness against data scarcity and delivers reliable predictionsacross the entire battery life cycle. Furthermore, it demonstratesstrong transferability across different charging/discharging strategies(average RMSE of 0.0171) and battery types (average RMSE of 0.0594).Overall, this work highlights the potential of LLM-based transferablepredictive models.</p>","PeriodicalId":100230,"journal":{"name":"Chem & Bio Engineering","volume":"3 2","pages":"294–307"},"PeriodicalIF":8.4,"publicationDate":"2026-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147350184","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}