Weihua Chen;Jingtao Jia;Xiaoheng Yan;Yuhang Song;Jiayi Li
{"title":"Wireless Power Supply Based on MNG-MNZ Metamaterial for Cardiac Pacemakers","authors":"Weihua Chen;Jingtao Jia;Xiaoheng Yan;Yuhang Song;Jiayi Li","doi":"10.30941/CESTEMS.2024.00011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30941/CESTEMS.2024.00011","url":null,"abstract":"To solve the low power transfer efficiency and magnetic field leakage problems of cardiac pacemaker wireless powering, we proposed a wireless power supply system suitable for implanted cardiac pacemaker based on mu-negative (MNG) and mu-near-zero (MNZ) metamaterials. First, a hybrid metamaterial consisted of central MNG unit for magnetic field concentration and surrounding MNZ units for magnetic leakage shielding was established by theoretical calculation. Afterwards, the magnetic field distribution of wireless power supply system with MNG-MNZ metamaterial slab was acquired via finite element simulation and verified to be better than the distribution with conventional MNG slab deployed. Finally, an experimental platform of wireless power supply system was established with which power transfer experiment and system temperature rise experiment were conducted. Simulation and experimental results showed that the power transfer efficiency was improved from 44.44%, 19.42%, 8.63% and 6.19% to 55.77%, 62.39%, 20.81% and 14.52% at 9.6 mm, 20 mm, 30 mm and 50 mm, respectively. The maximum SAR acquired by SAR simulation under human body environment was -7.14 dbm and maximum reduction of the magnetic field strength around the receiving coil was 2.82 A/m. The maximum temperature rise during 30min charging test was 3.85°C, and the safety requirements of human bodies were met.","PeriodicalId":100229,"journal":{"name":"CES Transactions on Electrical Machines and Systems","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10488429","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140342749","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Beichen Ding;Yuting Lu;Kaide Huang;Guodong Feng;Chunyan Lai
{"title":"Permanent Magnet Temperature Estimation for PMSMs Using Virtual Position-Offset Injection","authors":"Beichen Ding;Yuting Lu;Kaide Huang;Guodong Feng;Chunyan Lai","doi":"10.30941/CESTEMS.2024.00008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30941/CESTEMS.2024.00008","url":null,"abstract":"This paper proposes a virtual position-offset injection based permanent magnet temperature estimation approach for permanent magnet synchronous machines (PMSMs). The concept of virtual position-offset injection is mathematically transforming the machine model to a virtual frame with a position-offset. The virtual frame temperature estimation model is derived to calculate the permanent magnet temperature (PMT) directly from the measurements with computation efficiency. The estimation model involves a combined inductance term, which can simplify the establishment of saturation compensation model with less measurements. Moreover, resistance and inverter distorted terms are cancelled in the estimation model, which can improve the robustness to the winding temperature rise and inverter distortion. The proposed approach can achieve simplified computation in temperature estimation and reduced memory usage in saturation compensation. While existing model-based approaches could be affected by either the need of resistance and inverter information or complex saturation compensation. Experiments are conducted on the test machine to verify the proposed approach under various operating conditions.","PeriodicalId":100229,"journal":{"name":"CES Transactions on Electrical Machines and Systems","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10488434","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140342728","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Vibration Suppression for Active Magnetic Bearings Using Adaptive Filter with Iterative Search Algorithm","authors":"Jin-Hui Ye;Dan Shi;Yue-Sheng Qi;Jin-Hui Gao;Jian-Xin Shen","doi":"10.30941/CESTEMS.2024.00007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30941/CESTEMS.2024.00007","url":null,"abstract":"Active Magnetic Bearing (AMB) is a kind of electromagnetic support that makes the rotor movement frictionless and can suppress rotor vibration by controlling the magnetic force. The most common approach to restrain the rotor vibration in AMBs is to adopt a notch filter or adaptive filter in the AMB controller. However, these methods cannot obtain the precise amplitude and phase of the compensation current. Thus, they are not so effective in terms of suppressing the vibrations of the fundamental and other harmonic orders over the whole speed range. To improve the vibration suppression performance of AMBs, an adaptive filter based on Least Mean Square (LMS) is applied to extract the vibration signals from the rotor displacement signal. An Iterative Search Algorithm (ISA) is proposed in this paper to obtain the corresponding relationship between the compensation current and vibration signals. The ISA is responsible for searching the compensating amplitude and shifting phase online for the LMS filter, enabling the AMB controller to generate the corresponding compensation force for vibration suppression. The results of ISA are recorded to suppress vibration using the Look-Up Table (LUT) in variable speed range. Comprehensive simulations and experimental validations are carried out in fixed and variable speed range, and the results demonstrate that by employing the ISA, vibrations of the fundamental and other harmonic orders are suppressed effectively.","PeriodicalId":100229,"journal":{"name":"CES Transactions on Electrical Machines and Systems","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10488439","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140342730","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Content","authors":"","doi":"","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":100229,"journal":{"name":"CES Transactions on Electrical Machines and Systems","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10488435","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140342731","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Harmonics in the Squirrel Cage Induction Motor Analytic Calculation Part III: Influence on the Torque-speed Characteristic","authors":"G. Kovács","doi":"10.30941/CESTEMS.2024.00006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30941/CESTEMS.2024.00006","url":null,"abstract":"The harmonics that appear in the squirrel cage asynchronous machine have been discussed in great detail in the literature for a long time. However, the systematization of the phenomenon is still pending, so we made an attempt to fill this gap in the previous parts of our study by elaborating formulas for calculation of parasitic torques. It was a general demand among those who work in this field towards the author to verify his formulas with measurements. In the literature, it seems, only one detailed, purposeful series of measurements has been published so far, the purpose of which was to investigate the effect of the number of rotor slots on the torque-speed characteristic curve of the machine. The main goal of this study is to verify the correctness of the formulas by comparing them with the referred series of measurements. Relying on this, the expected synchronous parasitic torques were developed for the frequently used rotor slot numbers - as a design guide for the engineer. Thus, together with our complete table for radial magnetic pull published in our previous work, the designer has all the principles, data and formulas available for the right number of rotor slots for his given machine and for the drive system. This brings this series of papers to an end.","PeriodicalId":100229,"journal":{"name":"CES Transactions on Electrical Machines and Systems","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10488426","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140342750","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Electromagnetic Performance Analysis of Variable Flux Memory Machines with Series-magnetic-circuit and Different Rotor Topologies","authors":"Qiang Wei;Z.Q. Zhu;Yan Jia;Jianghua Feng;Shuying Guo;Yifeng Li;Shouzhi Feng","doi":"10.30941/CESTEMS.2024.00012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30941/CESTEMS.2024.00012","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, the electromagnetic performance of variable flux memory (VFM) machines with series-magnetic-circuit is investigated and compared for different rotor topologies. Based on a V-type VFM machine, five topologies with different interior permanent magnet (IPM) arrangements are evolved and optimized under same constrains. Based on two-dimensional (2-D) finite element (FE) method, their electromagnetic performance at magnetization and demagnetization states is evaluated. It reveals that the iron bridge and rotor lamination region between constant PM (CPM) and variable PM (VPM) play an important role in torque density and flux regulation (FR) capabilities. Besides, the global efficiency can be improved in VFM machines by adjusting magnetization state (MS) under different operating conditions.","PeriodicalId":100229,"journal":{"name":"CES Transactions on Electrical Machines and Systems","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10488427","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140342667","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Utility and Application of a Versatile Analytical Method for MMF Calculation in AC Machines","authors":"Ze-Zheng Wu;Robert Nilssen;Jian-Xin Shen","doi":"10.30941/CESTEMS.2024.00005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30941/CESTEMS.2024.00005","url":null,"abstract":"A versatile analytical method (VAM) for calculating the harmonic components of the magneto-motive force (MMF) generated by diverse armature windings in AC machines has been proposed, and the versatility of this method has been established in early literature. However, its practical applications and significance in advancing the analysis of AC machines need further elaboration. This paper aims to complement VAM by augmenting its theory, offering additional insights into its conclusions, as well as demonstrating its utility in assessing armature windings and its application of calculating torque for permanent magnet synchronous machines (PMSM). This work contributes to advancing the analysis of AC machines and underscores the potential for improved design and performance optimization.","PeriodicalId":100229,"journal":{"name":"CES Transactions on Electrical Machines and Systems","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10488428","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140342732","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Xiaoshuang Hui;Puqi Ning;Tao Fan;Yuhui Kang;Kai Wang;Yunhui Mei;Guangyin Lei
{"title":"A Novel Multiple DBC-staked units Package to Parallel More Chips for SiC Power Module","authors":"Xiaoshuang Hui;Puqi Ning;Tao Fan;Yuhui Kang;Kai Wang;Yunhui Mei;Guangyin Lei","doi":"10.30941/CESTEMS.2024.00010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30941/CESTEMS.2024.00010","url":null,"abstract":"Silicon carbide (SiC) power modules play an essential role in the electric vehicle drive system. To improve their performance, reduce their size, and increase production efficiency, this paper proposes a multiple staked direct bonded copper (DBC) unit based power module packaging method to parallel more chips. This method utilizes mutual inductance cancellation effect to reduce parasitic inductance. Because the conduction area in the new package is doubled, the overall area of power module can be reduced. Entire power module is divided into smaller units to enhance manufacture yield, and improve design freedom. This paper provides a detailed design, analysis and fabrication procedure for the proposed package structure. Additionally, this paper offers several feasible solutions for the connection between power terminals and DBC untis. With the structure, 18 dies were paralleled for each phase-leg in a econodual size power module. Both simulation and double pulse test results demonstrate that, compared to conventional layouts, the proposed package method has 74.8% smaller parasitic inductance and 34.9% lower footprint.","PeriodicalId":100229,"journal":{"name":"CES Transactions on Electrical Machines and Systems","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10488430","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140342751","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Message from Editors","authors":"","doi":"10.30941/CESTEMS.2024.00000","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30941/CESTEMS.2024.00000","url":null,"abstract":"IN recent years, the electrical machines and systems have grown so rapidly with more and more applications in emerging civilian industries as well as cutting-edge areas. A group of novel and exciting technologies have been developed every year. First, the research of motors in new and extreme fields have constantly brought amazing progress to achieve better performance through new technologies such as digitalization, etc. Meanwhile, the fast development of power electronics in recent decades has also changed the overall system to be more flexible, and widely extent our boundary of research area. What is more, the advancing technologies such as information technology, new energy technology, artificial intelligence technology, etc., have shown their potential roles in this area, bringing more opportunities but more technique challenges as well. It was the best of times, it was the worst of times. At this point, we would like to share these most insightful ideas and progress to our peers. For this reason, CES TEMS promoted this new column Frontier.","PeriodicalId":100229,"journal":{"name":"CES Transactions on Electrical Machines and Systems","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10488441","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140342764","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Airgap-Harmonic-Oriented Partitioned Design Method of PMV Motor with Improved Torque Performances","authors":"Zhaopeng Wu;Li Quan;Zixuan Xiang;Deyang Fan;Tengguang Wang;Xiaoyong Zhu","doi":"10.30941/CESTEMS.2024.00002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30941/CESTEMS.2024.00002","url":null,"abstract":"Here, we introduce a partitioned design method that is oriented toward airgap harmonic for permanent magnet vernier (PMV) motors. The method proposes the utilization of airgap flux harmonics as an effective bridge between the torque design region and the torque performances. To illustrate the efficacy of this method, a partitioned design PMV motor is presented and compared with the initial design. Firstly, the torque design region of the rotor is artfully divided into the torque enhancement region and ripple reduction region. Meanwhile, the main harmonics that generate output torque are chosen and enhanced, optimization. Moreover, the harmonics that generate torque ripple are selected and reduced based on torque harmonics optimization. Finally, the functions of the partitioned PMV motor torque are assessed based on the finite element method. By the purposeful design of these two regions, the output torque is strengthened while torque ripple is inhibited effectively, verifying the effectiveness and reasonability of the proposed design method.","PeriodicalId":100229,"journal":{"name":"CES Transactions on Electrical Machines and Systems","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10452308","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140342765","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}