CES Transactions on Electrical Machines and Systems最新文献

Stray Load Losses Estimation in Three-Phase Induction Motors Using a Non-Invasive Multilayer Perceptron Neural Network-Based Model 基于非侵入式多层感知器神经网络模型的三相异步电动机杂散负载损耗估计

CES Transactions on Electrical Machines and Systems Pub Date : 2026-09-01 Epub Date: 2026-09-30 DOI: 10.30941/CESTEMS.2026.00023

Moslem Geravandi;Hassan Moradi;Sepideh Asadimanesh;Mohammad Sedigh Toulabi

{"title":"Stray Load Losses Estimation in Three-Phase Induction Motors Using a Non-Invasive Multilayer Perceptron Neural Network-Based Model","authors":"Moslem Geravandi;Hassan Moradi;Sepideh Asadimanesh;Mohammad Sedigh Toulabi","doi":"10.30941/CESTEMS.2026.00023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30941/CESTEMS.2026.00023","url":null,"abstract":"In operating induction motors (IMs), accurately estimating stray load losses (SLLs) through non-invasive techniques is essential to avoid performance disruptions. Due to the high complexity and invasiveness of direct measurement, as well as its impossibility in certain applications, empirical relationships are commonly used to estimate SLL. This paper introduces a novel model for estimating SLL in low-voltage, three-phase IMs using data from 425 simulated IMs in MATLAB, covering 380 V, 50 Hz IMs with different pole numbers and power ratings from 0.37 to 400 kW. SLL values were computed according to method B in the IEEE 112 standard. The novelty of this research lies in, for the first time, employing a multilayer perceptron neural network as a non-intrusive machine learning (ML) approach to estimate SLL using IM nameplate data, input power, and total harmonic distortion (THD). The developed model exhibits a strong correlation with simulated data, enabling accurate predictions under diverse operating conditions without requiring physical access to motor internals. Its effectiveness was confirmed through simulations and experimental validation, highlighting its potential as a precise and fully non-invasive method for estimating SLL in IMs.","PeriodicalId":100229,"journal":{"name":"CES Transactions on Electrical Machines and Systems","volume":"10 3","pages":"305-316"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=11717667","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149078820","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Gaussian Dynamic Gain Sliding Mode Position Control of Flexible Servo Systems 柔性伺服系统的高斯动态增益滑模位置控制

CES Transactions on Electrical Machines and Systems Pub Date : 2026-09-01 Epub Date: 2026-09-30 DOI: 10.30941/CESTEMS.2026.00028

Zhichen Lin;Chendong Zhang;Zhiqiang Wang;Tingna Shi

{"title":"Gaussian Dynamic Gain Sliding Mode Position Control of Flexible Servo Systems","authors":"Zhichen Lin;Chendong Zhang;Zhiqiang Wang;Tingna Shi","doi":"10.30941/CESTEMS.2026.00028","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30941/CESTEMS.2026.00028","url":null,"abstract":"In the position control of a flexible servo system (FSS), the use of sliding mode control (SMC) with a fixed constant sliding surface leads to overshoot in the step position response. This paper first clarifies through analysis that the acceleration error and jerk error in the constant-coefficient sliding surface are the core causes of this overshoot phenomenon, both of which will generate accelerating current during deceleration. To address this issue, a Gaussian dynamic gain sliding mode control (GDG-SMC) strategy is proposed. By designing a sliding surface with GDG, the proposed strategy increases the proportion of the velocity error and the reaching law component in the q-axis current during deceleration, thereby generating braking current to suppress overshoot. Coupled with an anti-windup super-twisting reaching law to mitigate the overshoot potentially induced by the integral term, the proposed method can further reduce the position response error and realize fast overshoot-free position tracking. Comparative experimental results verify the feasibility of the proposed method.","PeriodicalId":100229,"journal":{"name":"CES Transactions on Electrical Machines and Systems","volume":"10 3","pages":"317-328"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=11717665","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149078797","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Content 内容

CES Transactions on Electrical Machines and Systems Pub Date : 2026-09-01 Epub Date: 2026-09-30

引用次数: 0

Analytical Model of Multicoil Pad Couplers with Ferrite Core Plates in Wireless Electric Vehicle Charging Systems 无线电动汽车充电系统中铁氧体铁芯板多线圈耦合器的解析模型

CES Transactions on Electrical Machines and Systems Pub Date : 2026-09-01 Epub Date: 2026-09-30 DOI: 10.30941/CESTEMS.2026.00024

Wenjie Zhang;Boyu Li;Kejun Wei;Yunguang Gao;Ye Zhang;Lei Jia

{"title":"Analytical Model of Multicoil Pad Couplers with Ferrite Core Plates in Wireless Electric Vehicle Charging Systems","authors":"Wenjie Zhang;Boyu Li;Kejun Wei;Yunguang Gao;Ye Zhang;Lei Jia","doi":"10.30941/CESTEMS.2026.00024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30941/CESTEMS.2026.00024","url":null,"abstract":"Multicoil pad couplers with a bipolar pad (BPP) transmitter and a double-D pad (DDP) receiver have emerged as one of the most promising topologies in wireless power transfer (WPT) systems for electric vehicles (EVs). However, due to their complex structure and variable excitation mode, solving the process of the coupler parameters based on finite element models (FEMs) can be time-consuming and resource-intensive. In this study, the analytical model of the BPP-DDP coupler in different misalignment cases and under different excitation modes is developed based on dual-Fourier transformation. The mutual inductance performance of the BPP-DDP coupler in misalignment is investigated using the proposed analytical model, and the optimized excitation mode of the BPP-DDP coupler in different misalignment cases can be easily obtained. Finally, a prototype of the BPP-DDP coupler with dimensions of 600 mm × 500 mm is constructed, and the experimental results demonstrate that the computational errors of the analytical model and FEM are approximately equal, while the analytical model is 7.6 times faster than the FEM.","PeriodicalId":100229,"journal":{"name":"CES Transactions on Electrical Machines and Systems","volume":"10 3","pages":"343-353"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149078787","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Two-Phase Flow Characteristics of Evaporative Cooling System for Large-Capacity High-Speed Hydrogenerators' Rotor 大容量高速水轮发电机转子蒸发冷却系统的两相流动特性

CES Transactions on Electrical Machines and Systems Pub Date : 2026-09-01 Epub Date: 2026-09-30 DOI: 10.30941/CESTEMS.2026.00022

Jiaqi Rao;Bin Xiong;Ruiwei Li

{"title":"Two-Phase Flow Characteristics of Evaporative Cooling System for Large-Capacity High-Speed Hydrogenerators' Rotor","authors":"Jiaqi Rao;Bin Xiong;Ruiwei Li","doi":"10.30941/CESTEMS.2026.00022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30941/CESTEMS.2026.00022","url":null,"abstract":"Research of evaporative cooling system for a rotor is of great significance for large-capacity, high-speed hydrogenerators. The two-phase flow characteristics are important parameters of the evaporative cooling system, and it is urgent to research the two-phase flow characteristics under rotating conditions. In this paper, based on the self-developed experimental platform of pipe-cooled cooling evaporative cooling system for a rotor, a real-time image acquisition system is established. Experiments are conducted under different thermal loads and centrifugal accelerations, and two-phase flow images of the gas outlet section of the system are collected to analyze the characteristics and patterns of two-phase flow. The results show that under the action of a strong centrifugal force field, the two-phase flow in the pipe-cooled cooling evaporative cooling system for a rotor is more turbulent and complex. Bubbles are more likely to break up and form a dispersed flow. Increasing the thermal load can reduce the instability of the two-phase flow in the system, while increasing the centrifugal acceleration can raise the system pressure and exacerbate the instability of the two-phase flow in the system.","PeriodicalId":100229,"journal":{"name":"CES Transactions on Electrical Machines and Systems","volume":"10 3","pages":"295-304"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=11717669","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149078779","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Synchronous Vibration Suppression for AMB Systems Based on MCCF-PLL and Positive-Negative-Sequence SRF-PI 基于mcf - pll和正负序SRF-PI的AMB系统同步振动抑制

CES Transactions on Electrical Machines and Systems Pub Date : 2026-09-01 Epub Date: 2026-09-30 DOI: 10.30941/CESTEMS.2026.00026

Tianci Sun;Dong Jiang

{"title":"Synchronous Vibration Suppression for AMB Systems Based on MCCF-PLL and Positive-Negative-Sequence SRF-PI","authors":"Tianci Sun;Dong Jiang","doi":"10.30941/CESTEMS.2026.00026","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30941/CESTEMS.2026.00026","url":null,"abstract":"Active magnetic bearings (AMBs) support rotors through controllable electromagnetic forces and are widely used in high-performance rotating machinery. In practical AMB systems, synchronous vibration is a major vibration source, and its suppression requires accurate rotational speed and phase information without an additional speed sensor. However, conventional synchronous-reference-frame (SRF)-based observation and compensation methods are sensitive to amplitude mismatch, phase nonorthogonality, direct current (DC) offsets, and harmonic contamination, while insufficient sequence separation further degrades speed observation and vibration suppression. To address these issues, this paper proposes a sensorless synchronous vibration suppression method based on a multiple-complex coefficient-filter-based phase-locked loop (MCCF-PLL) and positive-negative-sequence SRF-PI control. The MCCF-PLL extracts the fundamental positive-sequence current component for robust speed and phase observation, while the displacement error is decomposed into positive- and negative-sequence components and regulated by corresponding SRF-PI compensators. The compensation angles are designed using sequence-domain dynamic compliance analysis and updated online during variable-speed operation. Simulation results verify the effectiveness of the proposed method under non-ideal signal conditions. Experimental results demonstrate improved speed-observation performance at 3000 r/min, effective vibration suppression at 1800 and 3600 r/min, and the ability to maintain effective suppression during the run-up from 900 to 3900 r/min and the run-down from 3900 to 900 r/min. These results confirm its feasibility for practical AMB systems.","PeriodicalId":100229,"journal":{"name":"CES Transactions on Electrical Machines and Systems","volume":"10 3","pages":"329-342"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=11717682","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149078801","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

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Cover 封面

CES Transactions on Electrical Machines and Systems Pub Date : 2026-09-01 Epub Date: 2026-09-30

引用次数: 0

High-Precision Standstill Flux Linkage Identification for Synchronous Reluctance Motors Based on Gradient Projection and Implicit Inductance Modeling 基于梯度投影和隐式电感建模的同步磁阻电机静止磁链高精度辨识

CES Transactions on Electrical Machines and Systems Pub Date : 2026-09-01 Epub Date: 2026-09-30 DOI: 10.30941/CESTEMS.2026.00029

Cheng Ye;Yankai Jia;Yusheng Song;Changxing Guo;Chuanwen Shen

{"title":"High-Precision Standstill Flux Linkage Identification for Synchronous Reluctance Motors Based on Gradient Projection and Implicit Inductance Modeling","authors":"Cheng Ye;Yankai Jia;Yusheng Song;Changxing Guo;Chuanwen Shen","doi":"10.30941/CESTEMS.2026.00029","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30941/CESTEMS.2026.00029","url":null,"abstract":"Accurate standstill flux-linkage identification of synchronous reluctance motors (SynRMs) is challenged by voltage-integration errors and optimization interference between data fitting and physical constraints. This paper develops a compact physics-informed neural network (PINN), whose implicit secant-inductance architecture enforces the zero-flux condition and dq-axis parity symmetries by construction. Its training objective combines flux-fitting mean-square error, Maxwell reciprocity, and two axis-wise discrete voltage-equation residuals. Pairwise projecting conflicting gradient (PCGrad) removes conflicting gradient components among these four weighted objectives before parameter update. Following current-injection prealignment, self- and cross-saturation data are acquired by standstill hysteresis voltage injection without mechanical rotor locking or continuous position feedback. The dynamometer-derived constant-speed flux map is excluded from gradient training and serves only as a common external benchmark. Experiments on a 0.55 kW SynRM yield a three-seed average benchmark mean absolute error (MAE) of 0.01248±0.00254 Wb, the lowest among the evaluated neural and function-fitting models. For the complete multi-physics objective, PCGrad reduces the average benchmark MAE by 17.4% relative to direct gradient summation. Ablation studies verify the complementary contributions of reciprocity, the discrete voltage equation, and gradient projection. The resulting direct current-to-flux mapping provides a compact and physically consistent magnetic model for model-based motor-control applications. The implementation code and datasets are available at [https://github.com/KrisCCeng/SynRM-PINN.git].","PeriodicalId":100229,"journal":{"name":"CES Transactions on Electrical Machines and Systems","volume":"10 3","pages":"257-271"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=11717662","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149078804","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

DC-Dynamic-Aware Parameter Design of Matching Control for Grid-Forming Inverters 成网逆变器直流动态感知匹配控制参数设计

CES Transactions on Electrical Machines and Systems Pub Date : 2026-09-01 Epub Date: 2026-09-30 DOI: 10.30941/CESTEMS.2026.00027

Hao Luo;Zhiwei Shen;Yinxiao Zhu;Yongheng Yang

{"title":"DC-Dynamic-Aware Parameter Design of Matching Control for Grid-Forming Inverters","authors":"Hao Luo;Zhiwei Shen;Yinxiao Zhu;Yongheng Yang","doi":"10.30941/CESTEMS.2026.00027","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30941/CESTEMS.2026.00027","url":null,"abstract":"The increasing deployment of inverter-based resources (IBRs) has heightened the demand for grid-forming (GFM) inverters whose stability depends on both grid conditions and their direct current (DC)-side characteristics. Among various GFM schemes, matching-controlled (MC) GFM inverters, while offering inherent energy-consistent synchronization, exhibit strong sensitivity to DC-link voltage variations due to their power-synchronization mechanism. This leads to performance degradation, especially when parameters are tuned solely seen from an alternating current (AC)-side perspective, particularly under varying grid strengths or constrained DC sources. Although prior studies have analyzed the behavior of MC inverters through modeling and stability assessment, a systematic and quantitatively grounded parameter design that explicitly accounts for DC-side dynamics remains unexplored. To address this, a DC-dynamic-aware parameter design is proposed for MC-based GFM inverters. A large-signal model is established to capture AC- and DC-coupled dynamics and identify instability mechanisms during transient events. Parameter selection criteria for strong and weak grids are then derived by revealing how dominant constraints shift between the DC and AC sides. More importantly, a parameter-tuning method is proposed by combining steady-state power-limit boundaries with a constraint-aware region-of-attraction transient assessment. The effectiveness of the proposed design is verified by hardware-in-the-loop (HIL) experimental tests under strong-and weak-grid conditions, and the robustness of the selected parameter against variations in DC response time and DC-link capacitance is demonstrated.","PeriodicalId":100229,"journal":{"name":"CES Transactions on Electrical Machines and Systems","volume":"10 3","pages":"272-283"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=11717661","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149078817","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Design and Comparative Analysis of Permanent Magnet Vernier Motors for High-Torque Performance Robotic Joints 高转矩高性能机器人关节用永磁游标电机设计与对比分析

CES Transactions on Electrical Machines and Systems Pub Date : 2026-09-01 Epub Date: 2026-09-30 DOI: 10.30941/CESTEMS.2026.00025

Rui Li;Daohan Wang;Yingsa Li;Dandan Song;Ran Zhang;Xiuhe Wang

{"title":"Design and Comparative Analysis of Permanent Magnet Vernier Motors for High-Torque Performance Robotic Joints","authors":"Rui Li;Daohan Wang;Yingsa Li;Dandan Song;Ran Zhang;Xiuhe Wang","doi":"10.30941/CESTEMS.2026.00025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30941/CESTEMS.2026.00025","url":null,"abstract":"High-torque-density actuators are critical for enhancing the dynamic performance of articulated robotic systems. This paper presents the design and analysis of a high-performance 62-pole 12-slot (62p12s) permanent magnet vernier motor (PMVM) featuring a triple-split-tooth topology, specifically optimized for robotic joint applications. To maximize torque capability while suppressing torque ripple, a multi-objective optimization framework is implemented to determine the optimal split-tooth geometries and pole-slot configurations. The electromagnetic characteristics-including air-gap magnetic flux density, self-inductance, and power factor-are analytically formulated and subsequently validated through finite element analysis (FEA). To verify the proposed design, a prototype was fabricated and benchmarked against a commercial 42-pole 36-slot (42p36s) permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) with the same overall dimensions and electrical loading. Experimental results, encompassing back electromotive force (back-EMF), static/instantaneous torque, and efficiency, demonstrate that the proposed PMVM achieves a 24.2% increase in torque density and a 6.6% reduction in torque ripple compared to the benchmark PMSM. This study underscores the potential of PMVMs as a high-torque-density solution for advanced robotic articulation.","PeriodicalId":100229,"journal":{"name":"CES Transactions on Electrical Machines and Systems","volume":"10 3","pages":"284-294"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=11717663","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149078813","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0