Carbohydrate Polymer Technologies and Applications最新文献

{"title":"Development of a dual-phase solubilization system based on Hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin /Eudragit® EPO for enhancing the dissolution of curcumin","authors":"Minghui Hao ,&nbsp;Chungang Zhang ,&nbsp;Ti Wang ,&nbsp;Fantong Yu","doi":"10.1016/j.carpta.2025.100907","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.carpta.2025.100907","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>This research aims to establish a dual-phase solubilization system for curcumin by combining solid dispersion technology with cyclodextrin inclusion technology, in order to improve the dissolution of curcumin.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A composition of curcumin containing Eudragit® EPO (EPO) and Hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin (HP-β-CD) was prepared using the solvent method, with the dissolution rate serving as the criterion for identifying the optimal formulation. The mechanism underlying this composition was analyzed through molecular docking, which were later corroborated using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). Furthermore, various characterization techniques including scanning electron microscopy (SEM), polarized light microscopy (PLM), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and X-ray diffraction (XRD) were employed to examine the characteristics of the curcumin composition.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The investigations on dissolution revealed that the optimal formulation consists of curcumin:EPO:HP-β-CD in a ratio of 1:5:2, achieving an impressive 100 %. Molecular docking suggested that the incorporation of EPO enhances the interaction between curcumin and HP-β-CD, thereby stabilizing the system and facilitating improved dissolution. Characterization results affirmed that the composition is present in an amorphous form.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The synergistic use of EPO and HP-β-CD significantly enhanced the dissolution rate of curcumin, thereby potentially facilitating its clinical application.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100213,"journal":{"name":"Carbohydrate Polymer Technologies and Applications","volume":"11 ","pages":"Article 100907"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144502387","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nanofibrous scaffolds based on polyelectrolyte complexes of chitosan-alginate-COLLAGEN and chitosan-hyaluronic acid for tissue Engineering","authors":"Clarissa Ciarlantini ,&nbsp;Rosa Barranco Garcia ,&nbsp;Elisabetta Lacolla ,&nbsp;Iolanda Francolini ,&nbsp;Marta Fernández-García ,&nbsp;Carolina Muñoz Nuñez ,&nbsp;Alexandra Muñoz Bonilla ,&nbsp;Antonella Piozzi","doi":"10.1016/j.carpta.2025.100915","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.carpta.2025.100915","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Synthetic extracellular matrices have great potential for regenerative medicine. Among various scaffolding techniques, electrospinning has gained increasing interest in tissue engineering. Here, biomimetic nanofibrous scaffolds based on polyelectrolyte complexes consisting of chitosan (CS) and alginate (AL) or CS and hyaluronic acid (HA) at different concentrations were fabricated. Poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) was used as a fluid viscosity modulating agent. To improve the structural stability of the systems, the electrospun scaffolds were cross-linked using freeze-thaw processes and ethyl-dimethyl-aminopropyl carbodiimide (EDC) and N‑hydroxy-succinimide (NHS). Furthermore, the CS-AL scaffold was treated with different amounts of collagen to make it biomimetic. The collagen-containing matrices showed high thermal (T_D increase of &gt;10 °C) and structural stability (swelling ratio 1.5–1.9). In contrast, HA-based matrices exhibited more homogeneous fibers (190–250 nm) and larger pore size (6–9 µm), but lower mechanical strength (0.5–1.1 GPa) and more swelling in water. Finally, it was verified that the electrospun scaffolds tested showed cell viability increased as the amount of collagen increased up to 85 %, whereas for scaffolds containing a high amount of HA, it decreased (71 %). However, the sample containing the lowest HA concentration exhibited a morphology more suitable for interaction with cells, demonstrating great potential in tissue engineering applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100213,"journal":{"name":"Carbohydrate Polymer Technologies and Applications","volume":"11 ","pages":"Article 100915"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144502386","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biogenic synthesis of lipopolysaccharide facilitated silver nanoparticles (LPS-AgNPs) and its molecular mechanisms against systemic pathogens MRSA and Salmonella typhi, an in-vitro and in-vivo based approach","authors":"Deepthi Ramya Ravindran ,&nbsp;Suganya Kannan ,&nbsp;Vimala Devi Veeranan ,&nbsp;Shanmugaiah Vellasamy","doi":"10.1016/j.carpta.2025.100912","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.carpta.2025.100912","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>One of the most promising green synthesis strategies involves the use of biological systems, particularly bacteria, to produce nanoparticles. Bacteria possess a diverse array of enzymes and metabolites capable of reducing metal ions into stable nanoparticles. This study presents an innovative approach by utilising a sustainable lipopolysaccharide (LPS) produced by <em>Proteus mirabilis</em> VSMKU0111, which was studied for its genomic traits via whole genome sequencing and was subjected to synthesising silver nanoparticles (LPS-AgNPs). The LPS and LPS-AgNPs were characterised for their morphological, functional, molecular and structural level conformations. The size of the (LPS-AgNPs) ranges from 70- 90 nm with spherical structure, with a mean zeta potential of -28.6 ± 0.4 mV. The antioxidant activity of LPS-AgNPs expressed both DPPH scavenging (IC₅₀ - 3.5 ± 0.2) and FRAP reduction (IC₅₀ – 3.9 ± 0.3) at the concentration of ¼ XMIC (62.5 µg/ml). The anti-biofilm activity of LPS-AgNPs revealed the dissociation of biofilm matrices in MRSA and <em>Salmonella typhi</em> into planktonic cells by disrupting the quorum sensing property at the concentration of ¼ XMIC (62.5 µg/ml). LPS-AgNPs demonstrated a unique ability to induce moderate but targeted oxidative stress, as evidenced by significantly elevated catalase (MRSA: 0.54 ± 0.03 μmol/mg; <em>S. typhi</em>: 0.83 ± 0.03 μmol/mg) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity (MRSA: 4.48 ± 0.13 μmol/mg; <em>S. typhi</em>: 3.94 ± 0.10 μmol/mg). Concurrently, phosphofructokinase (PFK) and citrate synthase levels indicated enhanced glycolytic and TCA cycle flux, suggesting an adaptive upregulation of energy metabolism. Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity further revealed a metabolic bifurcation, supporting both aerobic and anaerobic ATP generation. The treatment of LPS-AgNPs in <em>C.elegans</em> reveals the expanded life span in MRSA (82 ± 3 h) and <em>S. typhi</em> (92 ± 2 h) by reducing the pathogens intestinal colonisation. Extracellular ROS generation was decreased with the treatment of LPS-AgNPs at 100 µg/ml, and the elevated level of ROS was noted in MRSA and <em>S. typhi-infected</em> worms. These findings position LPS-AgNPs as a promising antimicrobial strategy, leveraging redox and metabolic stress to impair bacterial survival while potentially mitigating resistance development.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100213,"journal":{"name":"Carbohydrate Polymer Technologies and Applications","volume":"11 ","pages":"Article 100912"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144481565","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Porous crosslinked CMC-PVA biopolymer films: Synthesis, standardization, and application in seed coating for improved germination","authors":"K S V Poorna Chandrika ,&nbsp;Anupama Singh ,&nbsp;R D Prasad ,&nbsp;Praduman Yadav ,&nbsp;Moumita Dhara ,&nbsp;M Kavya ,&nbsp;Anil Kumar ,&nbsp;Balaji Gopalan","doi":"10.1016/j.carpta.2025.100900","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.carpta.2025.100900","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study presents the development and characterization of crosslinked biopolymeric films composed of carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) and poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) for seed coating applications. The films were synthesized using a solvent casting method integrated with physico-chemical crosslinking. Key formulation parameters—polymer concentration, crosslinker type, plasticizer, stirring speed, and temperature—were systematically optimized for improved film-forming ability and uniformity. The optimized films were evaluated for their impact on seed germination percentage, seed vigor index, and water permeability. Comprehensive characterization using SEM, TEM, XRD, FTIR, and TGA revealed a porous surface structure, effective crosslinking, and thermal stability. The films demonstrated high water absorption and low water vapor permeability (1.07 × 10⁻¹¹ g·m/Pa·s·m²), contributing to a significant enhancement in germination rates (up to 100 %). These results highlight the potential of CMC-PVA-based crosslinked films as environmentally friendly seed coatings, aligning with the goals of sustainable agriculture and the application focus of carbohydrate-based polymer technologies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100213,"journal":{"name":"Carbohydrate Polymer Technologies and Applications","volume":"11 ","pages":"Article 100900"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144549752","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Chemical structure of β-glucans from the mushrooms of Lactarius spp. for development of polysaccharide-coated liposomes","authors":"Mariana Mazetto de Carvalho ,&nbsp;Julia Meyer ,&nbsp;Wafa Subhi Abahra ,&nbsp;Ivana Tomic ,&nbsp;Marianne Hiorth ,&nbsp;Anne Berit C. Samuelsen","doi":"10.1016/j.carpta.2025.100902","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.carpta.2025.100902","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In the present work, the chemical structure of β-glucans from <em>Lactarius scrobiculatus</em> and <em>Lactarius deterrimus</em> were determined and correlated to their ability to coat liposomes. Previous characterized laminarin and yeast β-glucans were included for comparison. After alkali extraction of the mushrooms fruiting bodies and further fractionation by freeze-thawing, the fractions <strong>LSA-S</strong> and <strong>LDA-S</strong> were obtained. Chemical characterization demonstrated that these fractions contained two types of β-glucans: a (1<span><math><mi>→</mi></math></span>3)-linked-β-D-glucan partially branched at <em>O</em>-6 by glucose residues and a (1<span><math><mi>→</mi></math></span>6)-linked-β-D-glucan presenting some branches at <em>O</em>-3. <strong>LSA-S</strong> and <strong>LDA-S</strong> were able to coat cationic liposomes, and the formulations were stable for at least 3 months. Yeast β-glucans were not suitable for this purpose, suggesting that the length of the side chains may influence the coating process and the stability of the obtained product. While short chains may originate stable formulations, probably through steric stabilization, long side chains seem to impair the process. Laminarin was neither suitable for coating, which was attributed to low molar mass (5 kDa). Thus, the chemical structure characterization of β-glucans is an important step in the development of stable β-glucan coated liposomes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100213,"journal":{"name":"Carbohydrate Polymer Technologies and Applications","volume":"11 ","pages":"Article 100902"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144338735","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Electrospun polycaprolactone membranes functionalized with nanochitin for enhanced bioactivity in localized cancer photodynamic therapy","authors":"Sofia M. Costa ,&nbsp;Bruno D. Mattos ,&nbsp;Ricardo C. Calhelha ,&nbsp;Ya Zhu ,&nbsp;Eurico Lima ,&nbsp;Lucinda V. Reis ,&nbsp;Orlando J. Rojas ,&nbsp;Raul Fangueiro ,&nbsp;Diana P. Ferreira","doi":"10.1016/j.carpta.2025.100895","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.carpta.2025.100895","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The encapsulation of photosensitizers (PSs) in electrospun membranes has emerged as a promising approach in photodynamic therapy (PDT) on tumor sites, overcoming the drawbacks associated with systemic administration. In this work, localized implants for cancer treatment using PDT were developed by incorporating EL-2 squaraine into poly(ɛ-caprolactone) (PCL) electrospun microfibers. The latter were coated with chitin nanocrystals (ChNC) by electrospraying, which may improve the biocompatibility and bioactivity of the developed membranes, potentially enhancing the clinical outcomes. The developed electrospun membranes were characterized by water contact angle, imaging, and spectroscopy techniques. The uniform encapsulation and distribution of EL-2 within the microfibers were confirmed while ChNC endowed the membranes with surface hydrophilicity. EL-2 alone displayed about 20 times more cytotoxicity after irradiation compared to the dark condition against HeLa cervical carcinoma cells. Meanwhile, the photodynamic action of PCL+EL-2/ChNC membranes promoted a significant inhibition of cancer cells’ proliferation under irradiation, achieving 66.25 % of inhibition, compared to only 24.78 % in dark conditions, using the highest concentration of EL-2. Overall, this work introduces a disruptive strategy using electrospinning-electrospraying to design fibrous therapeutic platforms for cancer PDT, taking advantage of electrospun fibers unique features and the localized nature of photodynamic therapy.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100213,"journal":{"name":"Carbohydrate Polymer Technologies and Applications","volume":"11 ","pages":"Article 100895"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144330966","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Targeting bacterial biofilm-related genes of Pseudomonas aeruginosa with chitosan-loaded ZnO nanocomposite","authors":"Saleh Afsharikhah ,&nbsp;Maryamosadat Mavaei ,&nbsp;Pooria Babaei ,&nbsp;Somaye Rashki ,&nbsp;Sina Ghobadi ,&nbsp;Khadijeh Bamneshin","doi":"10.1016/j.carpta.2025.100899","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.carpta.2025.100899","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Persistent infections caused by biofilms present a critical challenge in medicine, necessitating the development of innovative alternative strategies. To address this issue, the present study focused on the synthesis and assessment of a chitosan-zinc oxide nanocomposite (CS/ZnO/NCs) fabricated through the ionotropic gelation method. This research investigated the effects of the nanocomposite on biofilm-associated genes, which serve as potential targets for inhibiting bacterial biofilm formation. The antibacterial efficacy of the synthesized nanocomposite against <em>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</em> (<em>P. aeruginosa</em>) was evaluated using the microdilution broth method. Additionally, the impact of CS/ZnO/NCs on biofilm formation was assessed through the crystal violet assay. Gene expression analysis in response to nanocomposite treatment was conducted using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). The findings demonstrated that the incorporation of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) into the chitosan matrix significantly enhanced antibacterial activity against <em>P. aeruginosa</em> compared to chitosan nanoparticles (CS NPs) alone. Notably, CS-ZnO<img>NCs exhibited an 85 % inhibition of biofilm formation relative to CS-NPs. Moreover, treatment with CS/ZnO/NCs resulted the downregulation of <em>AlgD</em> gene expression, a key factor in biofilm formation. These results highlight the crucial role of nanocomposites in the development of novel antibiofilm agents to combat <em>P. aeruginosa</em> biofilm-associated infections.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100213,"journal":{"name":"Carbohydrate Polymer Technologies and Applications","volume":"11 ","pages":"Article 100899"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144320755","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Application of encapsulated phenolic compounds from Hibiscus sabdariffa L. extract using maltodextrin, inulin, and quince seed mucilage to enhance stability and bioavailability in sponge cake","authors":"Seyedeh Elham Mousavi Kalajahi ,&nbsp;Maryam Mohammadi ,&nbsp;Mitra Soofi ,&nbsp;Shadi Ghandiha ,&nbsp;Mehdi Sabzichi ,&nbsp;Hamed Hamishehkar","doi":"10.1016/j.carpta.2025.100897","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.carpta.2025.100897","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Hibiscus sabdariffa L. has been known for its numerous health benefits, which stem from its abundance of bioactive phenolic compounds, which could be beneficial in both the food and pharmaceutical industries. A new functional cake with high health-promoting properties was developed by adding spray-dried sour tea extract (STE) powders to the cake formulation. The microencapsulation process was performed using a single matrix (maltodextrin), a binary matrix [maltodextrin (MD)-inulin (IN) maltodextrin-quince seed mucilage (QSM)], and a ternary matrix (MD-IN-QSM). The physicochemical characteristics of microencapsulated powders were compared. The fortified cake was characterized in terms of physical, chemical, and sensory properties along with its antioxidant capacity during the 28-day storage period. Orchestrating the three wall materials (MD-IN-QSM) provided superior protection of the extract, resulting to higher in encapsulation efficiency, total phenolic contents (TPC), and the inhibition of the DPPH radical. The fortified cake with spray-dried STE exhibited the highest total phenolic content and antioxidant activity, as well as no significant difference in the pH, and sensory attributes compared to the control sample during the storage time. Our results indicate that spray-dried STE coated by MD/QSM/IN could be a promising functional additive for enhancing the nutritional and quality characteristics of bakery products.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100213,"journal":{"name":"Carbohydrate Polymer Technologies and Applications","volume":"11 ","pages":"Article 100897"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144308149","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fine tuning microfibrillated cellulose dispersity and sulphur reactivities with dual modifiers for improving elastomer nanocomposite reinforcement","authors":"Iikpoemugh Elo Imiete ,&nbsp;Mariapaola Staropoli ,&nbsp;Ming Liu ,&nbsp;Reiner Dieden ,&nbsp;Pascal Steiner ,&nbsp;Benoit Duez ,&nbsp;Jean-Sébastien Thomann","doi":"10.1016/j.carpta.2025.100881","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.carpta.2025.100881","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Micro fibrillated cellulose (MFC) is a promising filler that can reinforce elastomeric compounds, and make tire materials more sustainable, lightweight and highly reinforced. Due to the hydrophilic nature of MFC, modification is required to promote dispersion and adhesion in hydrophobic elastomers. The modification process can compromise fiber properties, and achieving both dispersion and adhesion simultaneously could be challenging. To address this, MFC was modified with both oleoyl chloride and acryloyl chloride and the dual modification process was controlled to reduce impact on the MFC fibers. The long chain oleoyl chloride was grafted to hydrophobized MFC to promote good dispersion while the acryloyl chloride was grafted with the goal of inserting reactive double bonds to promote adhesion by sulphur crosslinks between MFC fibers and curable elastomers. Interestingly, the modification process had negligible impact on both crystallinity and morphology while thermal stability of the modified MFC was improved. The modified MFC was used to partially substitute silica in styrene butadiene rubber (SBR)/silica (Zeosil MP200) cured nanocomposites. Our MFC design improved the properties of MFC/Silica/SBR nanocomposites, especially storage modulus, tensile strength by 30 % and wear resistance by 60 %, compared to those of non-acryloyl modified MFC and the standard silica-reinforced compounds.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100213,"journal":{"name":"Carbohydrate Polymer Technologies and Applications","volume":"11 ","pages":"Article 100881"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144572559","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Double-layered starch-based films containing citronella oil prepared by solution casting","authors":"Nandi Sukri ,&nbsp;Fransisca Fiendra Natasha ,&nbsp;Yana Cahyana ,&nbsp;Herlina Marta ,&nbsp;Bambang Nurhadi ,&nbsp;Sandi Darniadi ,&nbsp;Sergio Torres-Giner ,&nbsp;Zuhaib F. Bhat ,&nbsp;Abderrahmane Aït-Kaddour","doi":"10.1016/j.carpta.2025.100894","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.carpta.2025.100894","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The study aimed to determine the effect of drying time on the quality characteristics of the double-layer starch-based film and to evaluate the efficacy of citronella oil as a bioactive agent. The double-layered starch-based composite film was developed using a layer-by-layer solution casting method and dried for 15, 20, or 25 h. The citronella oil as an emulsion was added as a bioactive agent to one layer (food contact surface) at different levels (0, 1, 3, and 5 %, w/w). The film was evaluated for various physico-mechanical characteristics, thermal stability and bioactive properties. The results showed a significant impact of the drying time on the physical characteristics of the film and the most optimum results were found for the film dried for 20 h. The addition of citronella oil increased the thickness, water solubility, tensile strength, Young’s modulus and heat absorption of the film and decreased the WVTR and elongation at break. An effect of the concentration was found and the film containing the highest concentration (5 %) of citronella oil showed bigger-sized inhibitory halos and lower IC₅₀ values. Overall, this film proved to be effective in releasing citronella oil specifically on its inner active layer to inhibit microbial growth.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100213,"journal":{"name":"Carbohydrate Polymer Technologies and Applications","volume":"11 ","pages":"Article 100894"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144279785","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}