Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics Plus最新文献

{"title":"Sleep medication use and higher odds of cognitive impairment in older adults: insights from the community-based YAHABA Study","authors":"Yuriko Sato,&nbsp;Hiroshi Akasaka,&nbsp;Kazuki Hosokawa,&nbsp;Takashi Yamaguchi,&nbsp;Ryota Nozaki,&nbsp;Takahiro Terauchi,&nbsp;Eisuke Hirai,&nbsp;Mitsunobu Sato,&nbsp;Naoki Ishizuka,&nbsp;Tetsuya Maeda","doi":"10.1016/j.aggp.2026.100258","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aggp.2026.100258","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Sleep medications are widely prescribed to older adults, but their effects on cognitive health remain a concern. Prior studies often relied on self-report or administrative data, which may limit clinical accuracy. This study aimed to examine the association between sleep medication use and cognitive impairment among community-dwelling older adults using direct clinical assessment.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Current sleep medication of participants was verified using personal medication record booklets. Cognitive function was assessed through face-to-face structured interviews and neuropsychological testing. Sleep disturbance was assessed using the Pittsburgh sleep quality index. Statistically, trend and binomial logistic regression analyses were conducted to examine the association between benzodiazepine (BZD) and/or Z-drug (ZD) use and cognitive impairment.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of 869 participants were enrolled, and 12.5% of them were taking sleep medications. Cognitive impairment, including mild cognitive impairment or dementia, was present in 35.1%. Trend analysis showed no association between sleep disturbance and cognitive impairment, but BZD and/or ZD use was significantly associated (<em>p</em> = 0.003). Multivariable-adjusted analysis showed that BZD and/or ZD users had 1.66-fold higher odds of cognitive impairment (95% confidence interval: 1.07 - 2.56, <em>p</em> = 0.023).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>BZD and/or ZD use was independently associated with cognitive impairment in this community-based cohort. Even with direct clinical evaluation and face-to-face assessment, this relationship remained consistent with previous studies, reinforcing the evidence that sleep medication use is associated with cognitive impairment in older adults.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100119,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics Plus","volume":"3 1","pages":"Article 100258"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146173316","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rethinking family care: How changing family dynamics are reshaping support for older adults in india?","authors":"Raghunath Mandi,&nbsp;Dhananjay W Bansod PhD,&nbsp;Amit Kumar Goyal","doi":"10.1016/j.aggp.2025.100236","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aggp.2025.100236","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>India experienced considerable changes in social structure and family institutions, which have tremendous implications on the caregiving structure for older adults, especially for those who, due to physical disability, are unable to care for themselves. As India navigates the complexities of an aging population, rethinking family care is crucial to ensuring the well-being and dignity of older adults. Using data from the Longitudinal Ageing Study in India (LASI), this study examined the pattern of family care provisions, with specific to the role of living arrangements, the impact of spousal presence, and children’s proximity on caregiving choices using logistic regression. Findings highlighted only one-fourth of older adults receive care from families. Spouses continued to play a major role in caregiving, even if they were co-residing with children. The presence of extended family members &amp; proximity to children reduces the complete dependence on children for care. Family dynamics in care provision are shaped by various interconnected factors. These factors influence the type, intensity, and emotional appearance of caregiving. Understanding these dynamics is crucial for families and policymakers in addressing the challenges and ensuring that older adults receive the care and support they need.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100119,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics Plus","volume":"3 1","pages":"Article 100236"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145737649","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Postural instability in the digital age: A scoping review of screen exposure and balance outcomes in community-dwelling older adults","authors":"Tamanna Sharma BPT, (MPT) ,&nbsp;Nidhi Sharma BPT, MPT, PhD ,&nbsp;Simranjeet Kaur BPT, MPT ,&nbsp;Parveen Kumar BPT, MPT ,&nbsp;Preeti Kapri BPT, MPT","doi":"10.1016/j.aggp.2025.100242","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aggp.2025.100242","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Digital screen use is increasingly common among older adults, yet its implications for balance and postural control are not well defined. Age-related sensory, vestibular and cognitive changes may increase vulnerability to balance disturbances during screen-based activities.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To map and describe how screen exposure has been explored in relation to balance-related outcomes in community-dwelling adults aged 60 years and older.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A scoping review was conducted following Joanna Briggs Institute guidance and the PRISMA-ScR framework. Systematic searches of eight electronic databases identified studies published in English between December 2000 and June 2024. Observational and experimental studies assessing any form of digital screen exposure in relation to balance, gait, vestibulo-ocular function, or dizziness in adults aged ≥60 years were eligible. Data were charted descriptively to map exposure types, balance domains, measurement tools, and methodological characteristics.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Five studies met the inclusion criteria. Screen exposures included total daily screen time, smartphone use during walking, sustained near-focus visual tasks, and immersive or visually provocative digital environments. Balance-related outcomes encompassed postural sway, gait parameters, dynamic visual acuity, vestibulo-ocular reflex function, and self-reported dizziness. Substantial heterogeneity was observed across exposure definitions, measurement tools, and study designs. Most evidence was cross-sectional or based on short-duration experimental protocols.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Evidence examining screen exposure and balance in older adults is limited and methodologically diverse. This scoping review provides a structured mapping of the existing literature rather than an assessment of effects or causality, highlighting gaps to inform future research on digital behaviour and balance in ageing populations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100119,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics Plus","volume":"3 1","pages":"Article 100242"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145925283","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluating the two-minute walk test as a time-efficient alternative to the six-minute walk test in Nigerian older adults: Insights from an exploratory mediation and moderation analysis","authors":"Michael E. Kalu ,&nbsp;Ajayi K. Oladimeji ,&nbsp;Israel Adandom ,&nbsp;Nusrat S. Nessa ,&nbsp;Chigozie L.J. Ugwu ,&nbsp;Chukwuebuka P. Onyekere ,&nbsp;Francis O. Kolawole ,&nbsp;Henrietta Fawole","doi":"10.1016/j.aggp.2026.100243","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aggp.2026.100243","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>This study aimed to test whether the 2-Minute Walk Test (2MWT) can substitute for the 6-Minute Walk Test (6MWT) when estimating functional capacity in Nigerian older adults and to identify physiological mediators or moderators of that relationship.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We conducted a cross-sectional study and recruited 409 adults ≥ 60 years who completed both walk tests; gait speed was the primary outcome. Age, sex, body-mass index (BMI), Montreal Cognitive Assessment scores, and estimated VO₂ max were also recorded.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>This study indicated that 2MWT gait speed strongly predicted 6MWT gait speed (β = 0.547, p &lt; 0.001), accounting for 35 % of its variance. Age, cognition, BMI, and VO₂ max did not mediate this association, but VO₂ max moderated it (interaction β = 0.0175, p &lt; 0.05). Bland–Altman analysis showed a small systematic underestimation by the 2MWT, with acceptable agreement when mean speeds were 0.7–1.2 m s⁻¹.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>We concluded that the 2MWT could offer a time-efficient proxy for the 6MWT in low-resource settings, although clinicians should interpret results cautiously in individuals with low aerobic fitness.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100119,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics Plus","volume":"3 1","pages":"Article 100243"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146022509","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"What is the burden of neurological disorders associated to population aging in Brazil? ecological temporal-trend study","authors":"Natan Feter ,&nbsp;Marcos Cirilo Sana Monteiro ,&nbsp;Leticia Vitória Mourão Meira Pereira ,&nbsp;Eduarda da Cunha Policarpo ,&nbsp;Samuel Carvalho Dumith","doi":"10.1016/j.aggp.2026.100249","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aggp.2026.100249","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>Population aging in Brazil has led to a significant increase in the burden of neurological disorders. This study aimed to examine the association of demographic aging with this burden.</div></div><div><h3>Study design</h3><div>An ecological temporal-trend study.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This time-series ecological study analyzed neurological disorder burden and population aging across 27 Brazilian states (1991–2023). Data from the Global Burden of Disease (IHME) and Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics (IBGE) were used. We calculated annual percentage changes (APCs) for five neurological indicators and population aging. Prais-Winsten regression analyzed aging trends, and linear regression assessed its association with neurological disorders, adjusting for covariates.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The proportion of older adults (≥60 years) in Brazil more than doubled from 6.6% in 1991 to 14.2% in 2022. Concomitantly, all indicators of neurological disorders, including mortality (a 34.6% increase) and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs, a 20.5% increase), exhibited upward trends. Our findings reveal that aging is an independent predictor of worsening health indicators; each one-percentage-point increase in the elderly population was associated with a 2.9% rise in mortality and a 1.8% increase in DALYs.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Population aging is a significant and independent indicator of worsening neurological health in Brazil, posing critical public health challenges that require coordinated action. It is essential to strengthen the Unified Health System (SUS) to address the demand for specialized neurological care.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100119,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics Plus","volume":"3 1","pages":"Article 100249"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146173409","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sleep timing worsening with age? Visit outdoor-light daily: A cross-sectional study of homemakers and office-going women","authors":"Neelu Jain Gupta ,&nbsp;Priyanka Grover ,&nbsp;Nisha Singh","doi":"10.1016/j.aggp.2025.100232","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aggp.2025.100232","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The present study depicts differences in sleep behavior, activity, and light exposure of homemakers and office-going women of urban India using a questionnaire survey, actigraphy, and urinary melatonin assay. Self-reported surveys filled by 1316 office-going and 1393 homemaker women (ages 18–79 years) comprised 7 brief questions, viz. body mass index (BMI), work-hours, sleep characteristics etc. We predicted that differences in sleep timings and daily activity patterns of urban Indian women were related to occupational routines, specifically among office-going and homemaker women. Results suggested associativity and relative risk for altered sleep length and recreation with age and occupation. Sleep onset in young and old office-going women was delayed, not in the middle-aged. Objective measurement of sleep, daily activity, and light exposure suggested disrupted Sunday activity than weekdays. Externally managed work-rest cycles in office-goers during weekdays consolidated daily activity patterns. During weekdays, homemakers exhibited greater intraday activity variability. Photometric luminance data using actigraphy revealed homemakers experienced greater exposure to brighter morning light intensities compared to office-going women, although urinary melatonin levels did not differ among groups. The variation in associativity of light-activity during weekdays depicted better light-activity coupling in homemakers. Our observation of delayed sleep onset, in office-goers needs attention because it is an established risk factor to various lifestyle disorders.. Using multimodal methodology of subjective and objective measures, our study validates age-related sleep onset timing, a hidden factor in contemporary health issues.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100119,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics Plus","volume":"3 1","pages":"Article 100232"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145618484","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Public narratives of geriatric diseases in the digital space: A topic modelling analysis of YouTube comments","authors":"Ayushi Das ,&nbsp;Preeti Dhillon","doi":"10.1016/j.aggp.2025.100241","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aggp.2025.100241","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In the digital age, social media platforms such as YouTube have become vital sources of health information and public discourse. This study analyses YouTube comments to explore public knowledge, perceptions, and emotional responses to three geriatric diseases dementia, hypertension and diabetes. Comments were collected via YouTube API v3 from the top 100 most-viewed videos for each disease, totalling 129,613 comments. Keywords were selected using Google Trends. After extensive preprocessing, word cloud analysis, sentiment analysis and topic modelling (with parameters optimized through grid search and coherence scores) were performed, identifying five coherent thematic clusters for each disease. Topic modelling identified five key themes per disease: dementia discussions centred on emotions (29 %), caregiving (27 %), political discourse (17 %), fear of cognitive decline (16 %), and diet (11 %). Hypertension topics focused on treatment searches (28.9 %), lifestyle and diet (26.4 %), medication and comorbidities (17 %), knowledge about blood pressure (16.2 %), and work/kidney disease (11.5 %). Diabetes conversations emphasized Indian dietary ingredients (37.2 %), diet-insulin-blood pressure interactions (20.7 %), general diet (16.8 %), weight management (13.3 %), and emotions/spirituality (12 %). Sentiment analysis showed mostly neutral comments across diseases, with 81.4 % neutrality in hypertension treatment searches and 89.8 % neutrality in diabetes dietary ingredients. Dementia caregiving had the highest negative sentiment (43.5 %), while dementia emotions scored 46 % positive sentiment. The findings suggest that while hypertension and diabetes prompt neutral, disease management focused discussions, dementia elicits stronger emotional responses and misinformation. This highlights the need for targeted public health interventions and support systems to address the unique challenges of less prevalent neurodegenerative conditions such as dementia.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100119,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics Plus","volume":"3 1","pages":"Article 100241"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145884384","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A foundational analysis of internal consistency for 17 geriatric/gerontological outcome measures in Nigerian older adults: Do we need further psychometric evaluation?","authors":"Chukwuebuka Prince Onyekere ,&nbsp;Daniel Rayner ,&nbsp;Francis Kolawole ,&nbsp;Perpetua Chinenye Obi ,&nbsp;Peace Temitope Kumapayi ,&nbsp;Chigozie Louisa J. Ugwu ,&nbsp;Michael Ebe Kalu","doi":"10.1016/j.aggp.2025.100238","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aggp.2025.100238","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background and objectives</h3><div>Many gerontological outcome measures developed and validated in advanced countries may produce unreliable results in Nigeria, necessitating psychometric evaluation of these tools. This study provides the foundational psychometric analysis of internal consistency across 17 common gerontological measures among community-dwelling older adults in Nigeria.</div></div><div><h3>Research design and methods</h3><div>This is a secondary analysis of 409 (83.9 % females) Nigerian older adults (mean age 67.96±6.67 years) who responded to 17 measures evaluating cognitive, environmental, physical, psychological, and social outcomes. Cronbach’s alpha was interpreted as ≥0.7 (high), close to 0.6 (moderate) and &lt;0.5 (low). Item-test and item-rest correlations were considered acceptable if greater than 0.5 and &gt;0.3, respectively.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Mini-Mental State Examination, Memory Assessment Clinic Questionnaire, Attention Assessment Scale, Neighbourhood Satisfaction Subscale of the Neighbourhood Environment Walkability Scale (NEWS), Life-space Mobility Questionnaire, 9-Item Modified Physical Literacy Instrument, Geriatric Anxiety Scale, Geriatric Depression Scale, Fall Efficacy Scale- International, Keele Assessment of Participation, University of California, Los Angeles Loneliness Scale, Lubben Social Network Scale, Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support, Connectedness subscale of Social Isolation Scale (SIS) demonstrated high internal consistency (≥0.7). Similarly, Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) and the belongingness subscale of SIS demonstrated moderate internal consistency (close to 0.6), while other NEWS subscales, Physical Activity Scale for the Elderly (PASE), and the International Personality Item Pool (IPIP) had low internal consistency (&lt;0.5).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Fourteen measures demonstrated strong internal consistency in this sample, providing preliminary support for their potential suitability in Nigerian older adult population. A complete validation of reliability will require subsequent analyses of dimensionality, test–retest consistency, and measurement invariance across relevant populations to finalise confident use.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100119,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics Plus","volume":"3 1","pages":"Article 100238"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145840231","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Preserving evidence integrity in observational epidemiology","authors":"Liang-Kung Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.aggp.2026.100246","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aggp.2026.100246","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":100119,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics Plus","volume":"3 1","pages":"Article 100246"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147384793","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Life course rural-urban residence and multimorbidity among older adults in India","authors":"Manacy Pai ,&nbsp;T. Muhammad ,&nbsp;Waquar Ahmed","doi":"10.1016/j.aggp.2025.100211","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aggp.2025.100211","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>We examine the associations between rural-urban dwelling at different life stages, transitions across these settings, and multimorbidity among older adults in India.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Data are from the first wave of the Longitudinal Aging Study in India (LASI), with a sample of 28,427 older adults aged 60+ with complete information on life course rural-urban residential status. Multivariable logistic regression models are used to examine the association between rural-urban residence during childhood, adulthood, and later life, as well as life course transitions across these settings and multimorbidity.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Majority of older Indians (69.35 %) were consistent rural dwellers, while 18.22 % always lived in urban areas. Overall, 24.83 % reported multimorbidity. In the fully adjusted models, older men with urban residence in childhood, adulthood, or later life had higher odds of multimorbidity than rural peers; these associations were largely insignificant for women, except for those currently living in urban areas. After adjusting for age, sex, education, and work, those with urban-urban-rural and rural-urban-urban transitions reported higher odds of multimorbidity than consistent rural dwellers, though these became insignificant when further covariates were considered. However, consistent urban dwellers and those with rural-rural-urban transitions continued to show significantly higher odds of multimorbidity than counterparts who only ever lived in rural settings.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Older Indians with consistent urban residence and later-life rural-to-urban transitions were more likely to report multimorbidity than rural dwellers. Moreover, this association varied by gender, with childhood and adulthood urban residence linked to higher risk of multimorbidity only among men.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100119,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics Plus","volume":"2 4","pages":"Article 100211"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145265352","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}