Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics Plus最新文献

{"title":"Development and evaluation of a Protection Motivation Theory-based intervention to promote life planning and reduce ageism among younger people","authors":"Yuho Shimizu","doi":"10.1016/j.aggp.2025.100189","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aggp.2025.100189","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Previous studies have developed interventions aimed at simultaneously promoting long-term life planning and reducing ageism among younger individuals. Building on this work, the present study developed a novel intervention based on Protection Motivation Theory and evaluated its effectiveness in a sample of younger participants (<em>N</em> = 498). The intervention comprised the following components: a free-writing task addressing potential negative future events (to target threat appraisal), an explanatory text aimed at reducing ageism, a free-writing task designed to enhance hope for the future, and an explanatory text intended to strengthen the perception that life planning is both meaningful and achievable (to target coping appraisal). Following the intervention, participants demonstrated increased emphasis on life planning, stronger behavioral intentions regarding life planning, and greater hope for the future. Additionally, levels of ageism and aging anxiety significantly decreased. Given its effectiveness in enhancing a wide range of psychological and attitudinal outcomes, this intervention shows strong potential for implementation in educational settings targeting younger populations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100119,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics Plus","volume":"2 3","pages":"Article 100189"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144757449","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association of non-exercise physical activity with sarcopenia compared with that of exercise habits among community-dwelling older adults: A 7-year follow-up from the Kashiwa Cohort Study","authors":"Weida Lyu ,&nbsp;Tomoki Tanaka ,&nbsp;Bo-Kyung Son ,&nbsp;Yasuyo Yoshizawa ,&nbsp;Katsuya Iijima","doi":"10.1016/j.aggp.2025.100188","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aggp.2025.100188","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Aim</h3><div>This study investigated the relationship of moderate-to-vigorous-intensity non-exercise physical activity (NEPA) and exercise habits (EH) with sarcopenia in community-dwelling older adults.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A 7-year longitudinal analysis was conducted using data of 863 older adults from the Kashiwa Cohort Study in Japan, with baseline assessment in 2014 and follow-up in 2016, 2018, and 2021. Sarcopenia was assessed using the Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia 2019 criteria. NEPA status and EH were evaluated using the Global Physical Activity Questionnaire and a self-reported questionnaire according to the Japanese National Health and Nutrition Survey, respectively.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Cox regression analysis identified baseline NEPA and EH as predictors of cumulative sarcopenia incidence. The incidence of new-onset sarcopenia and adjusted hazard ratios (95 % confidence interval [CI]) were 10.7 % and 0.49 (0.25–0.94) for NEPA only, 9.6 % and 0.44 (0.23–0.85) for EH only, and 8.0 % and 0.40 (0.22–0.72) for both, respectively, compared with 18.9 % for the neither NEPA nor EH group. Generalized estimating equations (GEE) analysis revealed that the odds of sarcopenia were significantly lower in the NEPA only, EH only, and both NEPA and EH groups, with adjusted odds ratios (95 % CI) of 0.52 (0.28–0.96), 0.48 (0.24–0.95), and 0.36 (0.20–0.63), respectively.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Both NEPA and EH were independently associated with a lower sarcopenia incidence. Therefore, NEPA may be a practical alternative to structured exercises for older adults.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100119,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics Plus","volume":"2 3","pages":"Article 100188"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144749568","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Advancing frailty and functional decline assessment","authors":"Liang-Kung Chen MD, PhD","doi":"10.1016/j.aggp.2025.100190","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aggp.2025.100190","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":100119,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics Plus","volume":"2 3","pages":"Article 100190"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144866264","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Examining early adversities, demographic, health and psychosocial factors associated with lifetime depression among older Canadians: Findings from a nationally representative study","authors":"Megha Goel ,&nbsp;Esme Fuller-Thomson","doi":"10.1016/j.aggp.2025.100187","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aggp.2025.100187","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>Depression among older adults is associated with greater negative physical health, social, and economic outcomes than in younger populations. The objective of this study was to examine factors associated with lifetime depression in a nationally representative sample of Canadian older adults, highlighting characteristics linked to both vulnerability and resilience.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Secondary analysis of the 2022 Mental Health Access to Care Survey (MHACS) was conducted to estimate the prevalence and factors associated with lifetime depression among adults aged 55 and older (<em>n</em> = 3,535). The MHACS measured depression using the World Health Organization’s Composite International Diagnostic Interview (WHO-CIDI). Multivariable logistic regression of lifetime depression was conducted analyzing demographic and socioeconomic variables, adverse childhood experiences, physical health measures, health behaviors, and protective psychosocial factors.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>One in eleven older adults (9.2%) had experienced depression at some point in their lives. Middle-aged adults (55–64 years) compared to older respondents, and females compared to males had twice the odds of lifetime depression. Other factors associated with depression included childhood physical or sexual abuse, higher educational attainment, history of substance use disorders, multiple chronic physical health conditions, lower sense of life meaning, and higher spirituality.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Lifetime depression in older adults is associated with a complex interplay of risk and protective factors. Identifying these factors can support early recognition and targeted intervention, potentially improving outcomes and quality of life in this population.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100119,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics Plus","volume":"2 3","pages":"Article 100187"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144687421","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sex differences in risk factors associated with Alzheimer’s dementia patients with irritability and anger","authors":"Philip Cole Brewer ,&nbsp;Timi Kehinde Ojo ,&nbsp;Killian Joseph Bucci ,&nbsp;Connor John O-Brien ,&nbsp;Dami Taiwo Ojo ,&nbsp;Emmanuel I. Nathaniel ,&nbsp;Nathan Gerhard Faulstich ,&nbsp;Adebobola Imeh-Nathaniel ,&nbsp;Richard Goodwin ,&nbsp;Thomas I Nathaniel","doi":"10.1016/j.aggp.2025.100184","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aggp.2025.100184","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>The objective of this study is to identify risk factors that contribute to sex differences in Alzheimer dementia (AD) patients that also present with irritability and anger (ADIA) and determine whether these factors are different between male and female patients with ADIA.</div></div><div><h3>Method</h3><div>We used data from the of database for AD with a history of irritability and collected from a large academic center from 2016 to 2020. A total of 128,769 patients with AD were identified: 72,896 females and 55,873 males. Univariate was used to stratified risk factors base on sex and presence or absence of anger and irritability among AD patients. The adjusted odds ratios (ORs) and 95 % confidence intervals (CIs) for each risk factor or demographic were used to predict the odds of a specific risk factors being associated with male or female ADIA.</div></div><div><h3>Result</h3><div>In the adjusted analysis, male ADIA patients were more likely to present with hypertension (OR = 2.894, 95 % CI, 2.079–4.028), insomnia (OR = 1.736, 95 % CI, 1.132–2.663), dyslipidemia (OR = 1.974, 95 % CI, 1.119–3.482), and peripheral vascular disease (OR = 44.135, 95 % CI, 4.344–448.364). Females were more likely to present with osteoporosis (OR = 0.002, 95 % CI, 0.001–0.023), gait dysfunction (OR = 0.034, 95 % CI, 0.003–0.452), anxiety (OR = 0.634, 95 % CI, 0.472–0.852), urinary tract infection (OR = 0.157, 95 % CI, 0.063–0.393), headaches (OR = 0.121, 95 % CI, 0.052–0.282) and pneumonia (OR = 0.209, 95 % CI, 0.114–0.384).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>This study reveals key sex differences in ADIA patients. A population-based approach that tackles inequalities in risk factors may offer population-based healthcare and care of male and female ADIA patients.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100119,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics Plus","volume":"2 3","pages":"Article 100184"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144579383","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lung ultrasound (LUS) as a predictor of delirium in elderly patients with COVID-19 during hospitalization: A geriatric vulnerability-stress model","authors":"Thomas Fraccalini MD ,&nbsp;Isa Rita Bergoglio MD, PhD ,&nbsp;Gianfranco Fonte MD, PhD ,&nbsp;Andrea Trogolo MD ,&nbsp;Alessandro Maraschi MD ,&nbsp;Thomas Roberts ,&nbsp;Beatrice Tarozzo PsyD ,&nbsp;Beatriz Vitorino MS ,&nbsp;Julia Michelin Vecchini MS ,&nbsp;Santoro Mariangela MD ,&nbsp;Monica Traversa MD, PhD ,&nbsp;Teresa Crea MD ,&nbsp;Luciano Cardinale MD, PhD ,&nbsp;Giuseppe Maina MD ,&nbsp;Valerio Ricci MD, PhD ,&nbsp;Elisa Binello CNO ,&nbsp;Reald Turja NU ,&nbsp;Federico Mallamaci NU ,&nbsp;Giovanni Volpicelli MD","doi":"10.1016/j.aggp.2025.100186","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aggp.2025.100186","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Delirium, an acute confusional state, is common in elderly hospitalized COVID-19 patients and is linked to poor outcomes. Despite this, underdiagnosis persists due to symptom overlap with dementia. This study investigates whether lung ultrasound (LUS) and cognitive screening can predict delirium risk in elderly COVID-19 patients.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A prospective study at San Luigi Hospital enrolled 64 COVID-19 patients (mean age 82.6). Pulmonary involvement was assessed using the LUS Extension Score (LUSext), while cognition was evaluated via MMSE and 4AT tests. Clinical data, including comorbidities and inflammatory markers, were analyzed. ROC curves and multivariate regression identified delirium predictors.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Delirium occurred in 61.4 % (35/57). Univariate analysis linked delirium to pre-existing dementia (<em>p</em> = 0.03), higher LUS scores (<em>p</em> = 0.004), and lower MMSE scores (<em>p</em> = 0.0002). A LUS score &gt;3 (sensitivity 74 %, specificity 82 %) best predicted delirium. Multivariate analysis confirmed LUS &gt;3 (OR=4.22, <em>p</em> = 0.023) and lower MMSE (OR=0.87, <em>p</em> = 0.007) as independent risk factors.</div></div><div><h3>Discussion</h3><div>LUS and cognitive impairment are strong predictors of delirium in elderly COVID-19 patients. The LUSext score provides an objective, rapid bedside measure of lung pathology severity, with a score &gt;3 indicating significantly elevated delirium risk. The link between low MMSE and delirium underscores cognitive vulnerability.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>While delirium is multifactorial, integrating LUS into routine assessment may improve early detection and management in resource-limited settings, effectively identifying high-risk patients using an accessible bedside investigation. A LUS score &gt;3 and low MMSE should prompt preventive measures. Further studies should validate these findings and explore pathophysiology.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100119,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics Plus","volume":"2 3","pages":"Article 100186"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144557611","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tackling polypharmacy in geriatric patients: Is increasing physicians’ awareness adequate?","authors":"Henry Sutanto","doi":"10.1016/j.aggp.2025.100185","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aggp.2025.100185","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Polypharmacy among geriatric patients poses significant clinical and economic challenges, including increased risks of adverse drug reactions, cognitive decline, and hospitalizations. While raising physician awareness is necessary, it is insufficient on its own. This narrative review highlights the importance of comprehensive, evidence-based interventions to optimize medication management. Tools such as the Beers Criteria, STOPP/START guidelines, Anticholinergic Cognitive Burden (ACB) scale, and Drug Burden Index (DBI) are essential for identifying potentially inappropriate medications and reducing medication-related harm. The review underscores the need for structured medication reviews, deprescribing protocols, and individualized care planning. Furthermore, clinical decision support tools (CDSS) enhance prescribing safety by identifying drug-drug interactions and recommending safer alternatives. Systemic reforms—like policy incentives for deprescribing, medication reconciliation programs, and telemedicine-enabled interventions—support continuity of care and improve adherence. Interdisciplinary collaboration, involving pharmacists, nurses, and geriatricians, is critical for effective polypharmacy management. In low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), tailored solutions such as task-shifting, simplified prescribing protocols, and culturally sensitive education are emphasized. Overall, the article advocates for a comprehensive approach that combines clinical tools, systemic strategies, and collaborative care to ensure safer, more effective pharmacotherapy for older adults.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100119,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics Plus","volume":"2 3","pages":"Article 100185"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144518001","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gender differences in disability among older persons in India: Evidence from the longitudinal ageing study in India (LASI)","authors":"Kinkar Mandal PhD (Assistant Professor) ,&nbsp;Lekha Subaiya PhD (Professor)","doi":"10.1016/j.aggp.2025.100183","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aggp.2025.100183","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Older women experience higher rates of disability compared to men. This gender disparity is linked to varying risk factors. The objective of this study is to investigate gender differences in disability among older adults in India</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>For this study, we used Longitudinal Ageing Study of India, Wave 1 (2017–2018) data, a nationally representative dataset of older persons age 60 years and above. Both descriptive and inferential statistics are used to analysis the data.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Our findings indicate that older women report higher rates of vision, hearing, difficulty in chewing solid food, and physical disabilities, contributing to the observed gender differences in disability. Among these, vision impairment is the most prevalent. Notably, women with fewer years of schooling and those living in households in the lower wealth quintiles exhibit the highest levels of disability. Additionally, older individuals who are of advanced age, widowed, living in urban areas or alone, currently employed, or who experienced poor childhood health are more likely to report disabilities.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The higher prevalence of disability among women is the result of a combination of demographic and socioeconomic factors. These findings serve as a wake-up call for researchers and policymakers to prioritize gender-sensitive interventions aimed at preventing disability among older adults.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100119,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics Plus","volume":"2 3","pages":"Article 100183"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144500868","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cognitive-impairment-free life expectancy (CIFLE) among older adults in India: A gender and residence based study","authors":"Madhurima Sharma,&nbsp;Abdul Fathah,&nbsp;Indrajit Goswami","doi":"10.1016/j.aggp.2025.100182","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aggp.2025.100182","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>While cognitive impairment (CI) and dementia are among the most severe morbid conditions in later life, life expectancies free from CI have been much less investigated than measures of physical functioning. This study aimed to determine the health expectancies in middle aged and older adults in India, considering cognitive status as a health indicator.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We estimated Cognitive Impairment-free life expectancy (CIFLE) in India for people aged 45 and older using data from Longitudinal Ageing Study in India (LASI), 2017-18. Mortality data has been derived from the Sample Registration System (SRS), 2016-20. Sullivan’s method is used to estimate the average number of years a person can expect to live with and without cognitive impairment.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The prevalence of CI among Indian adults 45 and above is 10.28 %, increasing from 4.34 % (45–49) to 47 % (85+). Higher rates in females (13.65 % vs 6.42 % in males) and rural areas (12.39 % vs 6.38 % urban). The results indicate that after attaining age 60, males are expected to live 15 more years as cognitive impairment-free, which is only 12 years for females; though life expectancy for females is higher than that of males. Older adults in rural areas are expected to have fewer cognitive impairment-free years than in urban areas.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Longer life does not extend cognitive health. CI reduces quality of life and increases care needs, aligning with global trends. The disparities in CI-free life expectancy between genders and rural-urban areas highlight the need for targeted interventions and policies to address cognitive health inequalities in India.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100119,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics Plus","volume":"2 3","pages":"Article 100182"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144513574","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Factors associated with frailty progression in community-dwelling older adults: A cross-sectional observational study","authors":"Yuko Sawada ,&nbsp;Akihiro Kakuda ,&nbsp;Emiko Tanaka ,&nbsp;Etsuko Tomisaki ,&nbsp;Taeko Watanabe ,&nbsp;Munenori Matsumoto ,&nbsp;Rika Okumura ,&nbsp;Hiroshi Kinoshita ,&nbsp;Tokie Anme","doi":"10.1016/j.aggp.2025.100179","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aggp.2025.100179","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This cross-sectional observational study aimed to identify factors associated with frailty status in community-dwelling older adults. A total of 188 older adults (mean age: 75.9 ± 6.7 years) attending municipal exercise facilities between 2019 and 2022 were included. Data were collected on participants' basic characteristics, physical fitness, and scores from the Kihon Checklist (KCL). Frailty status was classified into robust (KCL score ≤3), pre-frail (4–7), and frail (≥8) groups based on established criteria. Group differences were analyzed using the Kruskal–Wallis test with Bonferroni correction for multiple comparisons. Significant differences among the robust, pre-frail, and frail groups were observed in most physical fitness and frailty-related items, particularly grip strength, walking ability, and lifestyle-related functions, except for cognition and depression. These findings indicate that specific domains of physical function are significantly associated with frailty status. Interventions targeting a broad range of physical fitness factors are essential to mitigate frailty in older adults.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100119,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics Plus","volume":"2 3","pages":"Article 100179"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144472058","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}