Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics Plus最新文献

{"title":"Factors for the decline of ADL before and after the COVID-19 of people with dementia in Japan","authors":"Taiga Fuju ,&nbsp;Natsumi Shinya ,&nbsp;Kumiko Yamada ,&nbsp;Reiko Oshima ,&nbsp;Taiki Yoshita ,&nbsp;Naoya Tsukii ,&nbsp;Yuta Ishimitsu ,&nbsp;Naoto Okonogi ,&nbsp;Yukiko Tanaka ,&nbsp;Tomoyuki Shinohara","doi":"10.1016/j.aggp.2024.100076","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aggp.2024.100076","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>This study aimed to investigate the determinants of decline in activities of daily living (ADL) among people with dementia following the onset of the coronavirus disease of 2019 (COVID-19).</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>A retrospective analysis was performed, including 37 individuals with dementia residing in group and nursing homes. The study cohort experienced a resurgence in facility admissions following COVID-19 outbreak, spanning from September to December 2022. Multivariate generalized linear mixed-effects models were employed to assess the Barthel Index at the time of readmission, which served as the dependent variable. Demographic variables before contracting COVID-19 were considered independent predictors if they were significantly associated with the Barthel Index at the time of readmission. Random intercepts were applied to account for variations among facilities in which individuals resided before contracting COVID-19.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Care level, degree of independent living for disabled older adults, and the ability to perform daily ambulatory movements were significantly associated with the Barthel Index at the time of readmission. When used as independent variables, both daily ambulatory movement (beta = 0.350) and care level (beta = -0.347) showed significant associations with the Barthel Index at the time of readmission. Whereas using daily ambulatory movements and the degree of independent living for disabled older adults as independent variables, only the degree of independent living for disabled older adults (beta = -0.757) was significantly associated with the Barthel Index at the time of readmission.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>The ability to engage in daily ambulatory movement affects the decline in ADLs due to COVID-19.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100119,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics Plus","volume":"1 4","pages":"Article 100076"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2950307824000730/pdfft?md5=3653aec8f2f67175d1eaddb582f4ef11&pid=1-s2.0-S2950307824000730-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142097915","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Periodontal management may reduce hospitalization for acute coronary syndrome and stroke in older individuals","authors":"Ayako Edahiro ,&nbsp;Tatsuro Ishizaki ,&nbsp;Seigo Mitsutake ,&nbsp;Akihiko Kitamura ,&nbsp;Takumi Hirata ,&nbsp;Atsushi Saito","doi":"10.1016/j.aggp.2024.100075","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aggp.2024.100075","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>This study aimed to examine the impact of periodontal management on the occurrence of acute coronary syndrome and stroke using retrospective analysis of Japanese health insurance claims data.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>The analysis included health insurance claims data of individuals aged ≥ 75 years who had been diagnosed with periodontal disease and received treatment between September 2016 and February 2017. Hospitalizations related to acute coronary syndrome and stroke were observed as outcome events during the follow-up period from March 2017 to March 2019. Covariates such as sex, age, place of residence, and chronic diseases were adjusted for using a generalized linear mixed model.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The study involved 117,010 participants with a mean age of 80.0 ± 4.0 years, and 44.7 % were male. The analysis suggested that supportive periodontal therapy significantly reduced the risk of hospitalization for acute coronary syndrome (adjusted odds ratio: AOR 0.88, <em>P</em> = 0.017). Supportive periodontal therapy also showed a borderline significant 13 % reduction in stroke hospitalizations.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Periodontal treatment is associated with a decreased risk of acute hospitalization. Regular periodontal management, aimed at minimizing oral chronic inflammation, can potentially lower the risk of developing acute coronary syndrome and stroke.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100119,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics Plus","volume":"1 4","pages":"Article 100075"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2950307824000729/pdfft?md5=da13e091a26c1bdcfe4156e7f1493e77&pid=1-s2.0-S2950307824000729-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142097913","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Life-course socioeconomic status and all-cause mortality among older adults","authors":"Md. Ismail Tareque PhD ,&nbsp;Tan Yi Wen BSocSci ,&nbsp;Stefan Ma PhD ,&nbsp;Rahul Malhotra MBBS, MD, MPH","doi":"10.1016/j.aggp.2024.100074","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aggp.2024.100074","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><p>We investigated the association of life-course socioeconomic status (SES) with all-cause mortality among older Singaporeans (aged ≥60 years) by applying three conceptual life-course models – critical period, accumulation of risk and social mobility.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Data from a nationally representative longitudinal survey of older Singaporeans (<em>n</em> = 4,518), coupled with mortality information, was utilized. Dichotomous (low/high) childhood (family financial status), adulthood (highest education) and older adulthood (current housing) SES indicators informed the operationalization of the models, which were evaluated through Cox proportional hazards analysis.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Adulthood SES was associated with mortality (critical period). The mortality risk increased with increasing cumulative SES disadvantage (accumulation of risk). Stable low SES and downward SES mobility from childhood to adulthood increased mortality risk (social mobility).</p></div><div><h3>Discussion</h3><p>Improving adulthood SES and facilitating upward SES mobility, from childhood to adulthood, are promising for reducing mortality. Addressing SES disparities during childhood and older adulthood may also help.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100119,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics Plus","volume":"1 4","pages":"Article 100074"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2950307824000717/pdfft?md5=680f9b7afc1862d30bd52d5964f3f219&pid=1-s2.0-S2950307824000717-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142097912","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lipids and carotenoids may influence the neuropathology of Alzheimer's disease: A meta-analysis","authors":"Aman Tiwari,&nbsp;Avtar Singh Gautam,&nbsp;Ekta Swarnamayee Panda,&nbsp;Rakesh Kumar Singh","doi":"10.1016/j.aggp.2024.100072","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aggp.2024.100072","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><p>Various studies have supported the key role of altered levels of lipids and carotenoids in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD), as they have the potential to maintain neuronal and tissue homeostasis.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>We conducted literature search on the PubMed and Google Scholar databases from the inception until December 2023. Two independent authors (AT and ASG) performed the data extraction, study selection, and quality assessment. The review outcomes were the level of lipids and carotenoids in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and peripheral fluids (serum and plasma) of patients with AD. The Cochrane Collaboration's Review Manager 5.4 was used to conduct this meta-analysis.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>107 studies showing levels of lipids and carotenoids in CSF and peripheral fluid of participants were included for the analysis. Peripheral cholesterol (p = 0.04) and CSF cholesterol (p = 0.04), CSF 24S-hydroxycholesterol (p = 0.01), CSF 27-hydroxycholesterol (p = 0.005), peripheral low-density lipoprotein (p = 0.02), and peripheral triglyceride (p = 0.03) from the lipid category were found to be associated with AD patients. However, the levels of carotenoids like α-carotene (p = 0.0006), β-carotene (p &lt; 0.0001), β-cryptoxanthin (p = 0.0001), lutein (p &lt; 0.0001), lycopene (p &lt; 0.0001), and zeaxanthin (p &lt; 0.0001) were decreased in AD patients compared to control.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>We concluded that the level of lipids and carotenoids are clearly associated with AD pathology. These altered level of lipids and carotenoids may provide an insight into the early diagnosis of the disease.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100119,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics Plus","volume":"1 4","pages":"Article 100072"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2950307824000699/pdfft?md5=57fd64ffa54b9ff4cd06b205df2e2b9f&pid=1-s2.0-S2950307824000699-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142097911","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Long-COVID trends in the US: Analyzing sex and age among 50–59, 60–69, 70–79, and 80+ year olds","authors":"Yoshiyasu Takefuji","doi":"10.1016/j.aggp.2024.100073","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aggp.2024.100073","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":100119,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics Plus","volume":"1 4","pages":"Article 100073"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2950307824000705/pdfft?md5=6176e9331b9eafb67d621cf5669bd019&pid=1-s2.0-S2950307824000705-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142049975","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Frailty and aging are associated with cognitive decline and dermal advanced glycation end-product accumulation in older Japanese men","authors":"Satoko Takei ,&nbsp;Masayuki Ochi ,&nbsp;Akira Shiraoka ,&nbsp;Sayaka Matsumoto ,&nbsp;Saho Fujishita ,&nbsp;Yoko Okada ,&nbsp;Shiroh Miura ,&nbsp;Hirofumi Ochi ,&nbsp;Michiya Igase ,&nbsp;Yasumasa Ohyagi","doi":"10.1016/j.aggp.2024.100071","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aggp.2024.100071","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Dermal advanced glycation end-product (AGE) accumulation is associated with various diseases, as well as frailty and aging. Frailty and aging are well known to be associated with a decline in cognitive function. We placed middle-aged and older Japanese people into four groups according to their physical frailty status and age, and then evaluated the relationship their dermal AGE accumulation and cognitive function.</p></div><div><h3>Materials and methods</h3><p>We performed a cross-sectional study of 559 participants (236 men, mean age 67.3 years). Dermal AGE accumulation in the forearms of the participants was assessed using skin autofluorescence (SAF), and cognitive function was assessed using the touch panel-type dementia assessment scale (TDAS). Parameters relating to anthropometry, atherosclerosis, and frailty were evaluated at medical check-ups. The factors independently associated with TDAS score were identified by multivariate analysis.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Multivariate analysis showed that age and frailty were inversely associated with TDAS. We then allocated risk scores (0–3) to reflect the combination of these parameters (age, 0 or 1; SAF score, 0, 1, or 2). The SAF corresponding to a score of 2-3 points on the receiver operating characteristic curve was 2.18 units in men (sensitivity 67.2 %, specificity 70.0 %, area under the curve (AUC) 0.695, <em>p</em> &lt; 0.001) and 2.03 units in women (sensitivity 65.8 %, specificity 52.3 %, and AUC 0.600, <em>p</em> = 0.009), implying a closer relationship in men than women.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>We have identified a relationship between dermal AGE accumulation and a high risk of cognitive decline in middle-aged and older Japanese people, especially in men.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100119,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics Plus","volume":"1 4","pages":"Article 100071"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2950307824000687/pdfft?md5=04b8dcd51aab9b93f045d54b790a26d4&pid=1-s2.0-S2950307824000687-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142049974","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A cognitive function test utilizing eye-tracking technology in virtual reality is useful to distinguish between normal cognition, MCI and mild dementia","authors":"Katsuyoshi Mizukami ,&nbsp;Masatomo Taguchi ,&nbsp;Takashi Kouketsu ,&nbsp;Naoki Sato ,&nbsp;Yoshiro Tanaka ,&nbsp;Masahiko Iwakiri ,&nbsp;Yoichiro Nishina ,&nbsp;Yuan Ma ,&nbsp;Iakov Chernyak ,&nbsp;Shintaro Karaki","doi":"10.1016/j.aggp.2024.100070","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aggp.2024.100070","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Aim</h3><div>This study aimed to verify the usability of our newly developed virtual reality-based cognitive function examination (VR-E) to differentiate mild cognitive impairment (MCI) from normal cognition and mild dementia.</div></div><div><h3>Method</h3><div>The subjects of analysis were 71 people (26 males and 45 females, aged from 59 to 94), including 31 with normal cognitive function, 26 with MCI, and 14 with mild dementia, according to the Clinical Dementia Rating (CDR). The total score and each cognitive domain (memory, judgement, spatial cognition, calculation, language function) score of VR-E were compared among CDR0, CDR0.5 and CDR1. In addition, for CDR0 vs. CDR0.5 and CDR 0.5 vs. 1, the areas under the curve (ROC) were examined using the total score and each cognitive domain of VR-E.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>There were significant differences between the three CDR groups in the VR-E scores as well as each VR-E cognitive domain score. The ROC analysis with an AUC value for the VR-E scores between CDR 0 and 0.5 was 0.71, and between CDR 0.5 and 1 was 0.92. For each VR-E cognitive domain, the ROC analysis with an AUC value between CDR 0 and 0.5 was 0.63 for memory, 0.79 for judgment, 0.70 for spatial cognition, 0.62 for calculation, and 0.57 for language. Between CDR 0.5 and 1, the AUC values were 0.81 for memory, 0.75 for judgment, 0.82 for spatial cognition, 0.88 for calculation, and 0.86 for language.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The results suggest that VR-E is useful for differentiating mild cognitive impairment from normal cognition and early dementia.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100119,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics Plus","volume":"1 4","pages":"Article 100070"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142651598","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Does power training improve gait speed in prefrail and frail older adults? A systematic review","authors":"Justin T Mierzwicki","doi":"10.1016/j.aggp.2024.100068","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aggp.2024.100068","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Various forms of exercise have been studied to improve parameters of physical functioning in pre-frail and frail older adults, however, specific parameters have not been identified as most beneficial to improve gait speed. This systematic review focused on evaluating power training and its effectiveness on gait speed pre-frail and frail adults over age 65 years.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>A systematic review was conducted using Medline, CINAHL, and Cochrane Library to investigate articles published from 2010-2024. Articles were included if they met the following criteria: 1) frail or pre-frail population; 2) gait speed used as an outcome measure; 3) power training or described high-velocity resistance training; 4) intensity 40-60% 1RM with a described velocity component; 5) controlled trial. Qualitative analysis was performed using the PEDro scale.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Six controlled trials, five randomized and one non-randomized, were included that met the eligibility criteria, ranging in quality from fair to excellent. No significant adverse events related to intervention were reported in any of the included studies. Overall, power resistance training exhibited significant improvements in gait speed.</p></div><div><h3>Discussion</h3><p>The narrow research question and eligibility criteria resulted in 6 articles for analysis. The results of all included articles exhibit significant improvements in gait speed following power training interventions, with the exception of one article.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>It appears that power training is a safe and effective intervention to improve gait speed in pre-frail and frail older adults, however, further research is required.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100119,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics Plus","volume":"1 4","pages":"Article 100068"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2950307824000651/pdfft?md5=c60fdeec5d2915f56d85c31cf6b65ee1&pid=1-s2.0-S2950307824000651-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142006360","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Detection of visual impairment in gerontological centres through educational innovation projects","authors":"María Covadonga Vázquez-Sánchez ,&nbsp;Luz María Gigirey Prieto ,&nbsp;Carlos Pío del Oro-Sáez","doi":"10.1016/j.aggp.2024.100067","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aggp.2024.100067","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The leading cause of visual impairment (VI) worldwide is uncorrected refractive errors (URE). The prevalence of VI increases with age, but older adults often do not seek optometric care because they assume that, in old age, it is normal to \"not see well\". Between 2017–2023, several service-learning projects were developed in the city of Santiago de Compostela in which a visual care service was offered to users of gerontological centres and focused on the detection of avoidable vision loss. This study analyses the results of this service. Methodology: visual care was carried out in the collaborating centres themselves. The optometric protocol applied included: measurement of visual acuity (VA) with habitual correction and with pinhole, Hirschberg test, assessment of ocular motility, examination of pupillary size and response and biomicroscopy. Binocular VI was defined as binocular VA with standard correction &lt; 0.5 (decimal scale). Results: a total of 242 students and 4 entities participated in the service-learning projects. 215 subjects (mean age = 80.3 ± 10 years, females = 63.7 %) completed all visual screening tests. 8.4 % had binocular VI and 41.4 % binocular VA &lt; 0.5 in near vision. The frequency of URE reached 40.3 %. 22.2 % of the subjects with binocular VI live with URE in at least one eye. More than 40 % of the examined users have eye hygiene problems. Conclusion: the visual care service provided shows the need for visual care in a group where a significant percentage of cases of visual deficit can be solved with a simple optical correction.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100119,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics Plus","volume":"1 4","pages":"Article 100067"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S295030782400064X/pdfft?md5=c73c35f8cb2471c2ea1aec721e22b977&pid=1-s2.0-S295030782400064X-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141963207","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Depression and cognitive decline as indicators of mental health in older adults","authors":"Susana Baldeón Loza ,&nbsp;Maria Paula Foss ,&nbsp;Ana Beatriz Silva ,&nbsp;Mishelle Tafur-Lafuente ,&nbsp;Nereida Kilza Costa Lima ,&nbsp;Eduardo Antonio Donadi ,&nbsp;Julio César Moriguti","doi":"10.1016/j.aggp.2024.100066","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aggp.2024.100066","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The population in Latin America is aging at a faster rate. Therefore, it is crucial to assess and identify necessary interventions for the health of older adults. Early diagnosis is essential, and screening tools can be implemented, particularly in primary healthcare centers. It is crucial to conduct screening evaluations for cognitive impairment and depression in social programs for this age group. This study will employ screening tools to evaluate the prevalence of these issues in a social program in Quito, Ecuador. The study design is quantitative, descriptive, and cross-sectional in a group of 511 older adults from a social program in Quito, Ecuador, using the Mini-Mental State Examination and Geriatric Depression Scale. We detected 18.2 % of cognitive impairment, 2.1 % of dementia, and 37.8 % of depression in old adults. Noteworthy, 47.8 % of the participants exhibited one or more clinical signs of dementia or depression, which were more frequent in women (49.1 %), illiterates and very low-educated individuals (63.3 %), single (10.1 %), and widowed individuals aged over 78 years (27 %). Older adults with higher clinical indicators of cognitive impairment and depression face various risk factors such as low education, spousal loss, age over 75, and being female. In South Quito, four out of ten elderly have clinical depression or cognitive impairment. Implementing internationally recognized screening protocols is crucial for timely treatment, particularly in developing countries like Quito, Ecuador.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100119,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics Plus","volume":"1 4","pages":"Article 100066"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141841255","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}