Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics Plus最新文献

{"title":"Cognitive intra-individual variability as an outcome or moderator of speed of processing training in aging adults with HIV-associated neurocognitive disorder: A secondary data analysis of a 2-year longitudinal randomized clinical trial","authors":"David E. Vance ,&nbsp;Andres Azuero ,&nbsp;Michael Vinikoor ,&nbsp;Julie K. Schexnayder ,&nbsp;Frank Puga ,&nbsp;Benjamin Galatzan ,&nbsp;Jun Y. Byun ,&nbsp;Chunhong Xiao ,&nbsp;Hathaichanok Phaowiriya ,&nbsp;Dara L. James ,&nbsp;Pariya L. Fazeli","doi":"10.1016/j.aggp.2024.100012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aggp.2024.100012","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><p>Cognitive intra-individual variability (IIV), dispersion of cognitive performance across cognitive domains, indicates diminished cognitive control resulting from brain pathology or aging. For people with HIV-Associated Neurocognitive Disorder (HAND), cognitive IIV may interfere with and/or be improved by cognitive training. In this current secondary data analysis, we explored whether cognitive IIV functions as an outcome or moderator variable in speed of processing (SOP) training in middle-aged and older people living with HIV (PLWH).</p></div><div><h3>Method</h3><p>In this randomized clinical trial, 216 PLWH with HAND or borderline HAND were randomized to either: 1) 10 h of SOP training; 2) 20 h of SOP training, or 3) 10 h of Internet Navigation Control Training. Participants completed a seven-domain cognitive battery at baseline, posttest after training, and years 1 and 2 follow up; from this, the coefficient of variation (<em>CoV</em>) served as the cognitive IIV dispersion score. Participants also completed a gold-standard measure of SOP (i.e., Useful Field of View Test (UFOV®), a targeted cognitive outcomes of the SOP training paradigm) at each time point.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Using linear mixed-effect models, no strong pattern of SOP training effects were detected on cognitive IIV. However, a three-way interaction tests between time, group, and baseline cognitive IIV <em>CoV</em> suggested potential moderation effects. Stratified analyses showed differential treatment effects between the lower cognitive IIV and higher cognitive IIV group.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Although SOP training did not improve cognitive IIV, cognitive IIV may be a modifier of SOP training. Implications for future research and other types of training are provided.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100119,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics Plus","volume":"1 2","pages":"Article 100012"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2950307824000092/pdfft?md5=19fced63480fc84103593ddec9272764&pid=1-s2.0-S2950307824000092-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140122294","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Associations of depressive symptoms and instrumental activities of daily living decline by employment or participation in social activities among younger-older Japanese in the New Integrated Suburban Seniority Investigation (NISSIN) Project","authors":"Rika Taniguchi ,&nbsp;Shigekazu Ukawa ,&nbsp;Wenjing Zhao ,&nbsp;Satoe Okabayashi ,&nbsp;Takashi Kimura ,&nbsp;Yifan Shan ,&nbsp;Masahiko Ando ,&nbsp;Kenji Wakai ,&nbsp;Kazuyo Tsushita ,&nbsp;Takashi Kawamura ,&nbsp;Akiko Tamakoshi","doi":"10.1016/j.aggp.2024.100013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aggp.2024.100013","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><p>This study investigated the association between depressive symptoms and the instrumental activities of daily living (IADL) decline among physically and socially independent older people according to being employed or participating in social activities in a Japanese age-specific cohort.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>We performed a prospective cohort study including 1,508 (716 men and 792 women) aged 64/65. Depressive symptoms were assessed at baseline (2000–2005). The change in IADL status was ascertained in the secondary survey when the participants reached 70 years of age. Multivariable odds ratios (ORs) and confidence intervals (CIs) of depressive symptoms for IADL decline were calculated using a logistic regression model adjusted for enroll year, sex, employment status, marital status, education, smoking status, alcohol consumption status, body mass index, walking status, daily sleep duration, and medical histories of cancer, cardio-cerebrovascular diseases, hypertension, and diabetes mellitus. We also formally tested for potential interaction effects by employment and participation in social activities.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The OR of the presence of depressive symptoms and not employed was 3.25 (95% CI 1.57–6.75), compared to participants without depressive symptoms and employed, after adjusting for potential confounders. Compared to participants without depressive symptoms and with a high frequency of participation in social activities, participants with depressive symptoms and a low frequency of participation in social activities were associated with IADL decline (OR 2.45; 95% CI 1.23–4.90). However, we observed no evidence of an interaction effect by employment and participation in social activities.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>This age-specific cohort study revealed that being employed or participating in social activities may prevent IADL decline among depressed older adults.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100119,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics Plus","volume":"1 2","pages":"Article 100013"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2950307824000109/pdfft?md5=b827cbe91fd4aebef854e2d03cfa524a&pid=1-s2.0-S2950307824000109-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140014447","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"“Exploring the experiences of individuals with mild cognitive impairment during the COVID-19 pandemic: A qualitative study in Spanish hospitals”","authors":"Victoria Pérez ,&nbsp;Pablo De Lorena ,&nbsp;Carmen Hermosilla-Grijalbo ,&nbsp;Esther Domínguez ,&nbsp;María Vigueiro-Mallán ,&nbsp;Carmen Sarabia-Cobo","doi":"10.1016/j.aggp.2024.100010","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aggp.2024.100010","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>The descriptive qualitative study was conducted in three Spanish hospitals during 2023, exploring the experiences of 34 individuals with Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) diagnosed during the COVID-19 pandemic.</p></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><p>To thoroughly investigate the experiences of participants with MCI in the context of the pandemic, identifying challenges, care guidelines, and support, while evaluating the emotional and social impact.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>34 in-depth interviews were conducted, and purposive sampling was used to select participants with MCI. The COREQ recommendations were followed, and ethical approval was obtained.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Five specific themes emerged: (1) Impact of Diagnosis in the Pandemic, (2) Daily Challenges and Pandemic, (3) Care Guidelines and Professional Support, (4) Social and Emotional Support in the Context of the Pandemic, and (5) Fear and Uncertainty. Participants expressed the need for an integrated approach and personalized care.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>The results highlight the importance of clear communication and patient-centered care in managing MCI during the pandemic. The implementation of person-centered diagnosis and treatment processes is suggested. The need for future research evaluating effective coping strategies and the influence of fragmented care on disease progression is emphasized.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100119,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics Plus","volume":"1 2","pages":"Article 100010"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2950307824000079/pdfft?md5=3d78f8098ab55114fe0ade8f30f664fd&pid=1-s2.0-S2950307824000079-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139886551","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Loneliness improved by either telephone or video communications in community-dwelling older adults","authors":"Justin T Mierzwicki,&nbsp;Joshua Kline,&nbsp;Brooke Schach,&nbsp;Lauren Vandenberg","doi":"10.1016/j.aggp.2024.100011","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aggp.2024.100011","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose/hypothesis</h3><p>Loneliness and social isolation increase the risk of morbidity, and mortality. Various interventions, with and without use of technology, have improved older adults’ loneliness. The purpose of the study was to compare the impact of telephone versus video communications on perceived loneliness in older adults. It was hypothesized that video communication would result in improved outcomes compared to telephone communication.</p></div><div><h3>Materials/methods</h3><p>Eighteen hundred flyers were distributed among continuing care communities, meals on wheels, and snowball sampling was encouraged. Sixty-five potential participants responded, 44 were eligible to participate after application of inclusion and exclusion criteria. Participants were assigned into a telephone interaction group (<em>n</em> = 17), a video interaction group (<em>n</em> = 14), or control group (<em>n</em> = 13). Study duration was 8 weeks and consisted of once weekly 45 to 60-minute sessions. Pre-post-intervention outcome measures included UCLA Loneliness Scales (3 and 20-item), and the Social Frailty Scale (SFS). Data analyses were performed with One-Way ANOVA and Tukey's HSD post hoc tests.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>One-way ANOVA demonstrated statistically significant differences between groups (<em>p</em>=.003 UCLA 3, <em>p</em>&lt;.001 UCLA 20, <em>p</em>&lt;.001 SFS) with large effect sizes (eta²= 0.251 UCLA3, 0.410 UCLA20, 0.314 SFS). Tukey's HSD demonstrates statistically significant differences between intervention groups and the control group for each dependent variable (<em>p</em>&lt;.011) but identified no significant differences between intervention groups for any dependent variables (<em>p</em>&gt;.283).</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Health care professionals can improve loneliness and social isolation through low-tech telephone and video-based communication interventions.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100119,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics Plus","volume":"1 2","pages":"Article 100011"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2950307824000080/pdfft?md5=c39ab3956438fb2b4747271fe49abef5&pid=1-s2.0-S2950307824000080-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139892240","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mortality from decreased food intake in older adults in nursing homes: A retrospective cohort study using electronic care record data","authors":"Kasumi Ikuta ,&nbsp;Sakiko Fukui","doi":"10.1016/j.aggp.2024.100009","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aggp.2024.100009","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Aim</h3><p>To our knowledge, no studies have examined the risk of mortality in nursing homes using the routinely collected electronic care record information. We aimed to assess the risk of mortality using food intake data documented in electronic care records from Japanese nursing homes.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>This academic–industry collaborative research included 814 older adults from five nursing homes in Japan. The study period was from January 1, 2016 to June 23, 2020. We used the rate of food intake data recorded by care workers in the electronic care records of the residents. We defined decreased food intake as the percentage decrease between admission and 90 days after admission into the nursing home, with cutoffs of 10%, 20%, and 30%.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The number of older adults whose food intake decreased between admission and 90 days after admission was 114 (14.0%) at a 10% rate, 58 (7.1%) at a 20% rate, and 35 (4.3%) at a 30% rate. All three rates were significantly associated with mortality (10%: hazard ratio [HR] 2.02, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.30–3.15; 20%: HR 3.03, 95% CI 1.68–5.47; and 30%: HR 4.50, 95% CI 2.15–9.44).</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>We found that the risk of mortality could conveniently be assessed from the food intake data collected routinely and comprehensively and documented in electronic care records in nursing homes. Our findings can be utilized in nursing homes, where medical staff are limited, to assess high-risk residents and to encourage a discussion regarding the management of end-of-life care.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100119,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics Plus","volume":"1 2","pages":"Article 100009"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2950307824000067/pdfft?md5=e331f47be51d711445712db23c348b3d&pid=1-s2.0-S2950307824000067-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139821412","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effectiveness of technology interventions in reducing social isolation and loneliness among community-dwelling older people: A mixed methods systematic review","authors":"R.C. Ambagtsheer ,&nbsp;K. Borg ,&nbsp;L Townsin ,&nbsp;M.A. Pinero de Plaza ,&nbsp;L.M. O'Brien ,&nbsp;R. Kunwar ,&nbsp;M.T. Lawless","doi":"10.1016/j.aggp.2024.100008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aggp.2024.100008","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><p>This study reviewed technology-based interventions targeting social isolation and loneliness in community-dwelling older adults. Specific aims were to identify theoretical perspectives, assess intervention effectiveness, and identify barriers and enablers of these interventions.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>A mixed methods systematic review of intervention studies was conducted, searching six databases (PubMed, PsychINFO, Cochrane Library, CINAHL, ACM and Embase). Peer-reviewed articles describing communicative technology-based intervention studies with qualitative, quantitative, mixed-method, or observational designs, conducted in community settings with older adults (aged ≥65 years), where social isolation and/or loneliness were key outcome measures, were included. The quality of the studies was assessed using the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool (MMAT).</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Nineteen studies were included in the review. Theory integration was rare in these studies’ research designs. Most were small-scale pilot or feasibility studies, displaying diverse designs, small sample sizes, and variable MMAT-assessed quality. The studies highlighted significant barriers such as resource demands, participant health, literacy, and technical challenges.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Significant resource demands continue to impede technology-based interventions addressing social isolation and loneliness in older populations. Future study designs must adapt to overcome these challenges, tailoring approaches to marginalised and often frail communities these interventions aim to support.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100119,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics Plus","volume":"1 1","pages":"Article 100008"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2950307824000055/pdfft?md5=a10c74659d835197f6528823269a6976&pid=1-s2.0-S2950307824000055-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139715024","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"LONELINESS IMPROVED BY EITHER TELEPHONE OR VIDEO COMMUNICATIONS IN COMMUNITY-DWELLING OLDER ADULTS","authors":"Justin T. Mierzwicki, Joshua Kline, Brooke Schach, Lauren Vandenberg","doi":"10.1016/j.aggp.2024.100011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aggp.2024.100011","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":100119,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics Plus","volume":"85 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139832121","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"\"Exploring the experiences of Individuals with Mild Cognitive Impairment during the COVID-19 pandemic: a qualitative study in Spanish Hospitals\"","authors":"Victoria Pérez, Pablo de Lorena, Carmen Hermosilla-Grijalbo, Esther Domínguez, María Vigueiro-Mallán, C. Sarabia-Cobo","doi":"10.1016/j.aggp.2024.100010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aggp.2024.100010","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":100119,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics Plus","volume":"227 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139826775","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mortality from decreased food intake in older adults in nursing homes: A retrospective cohort study using electronic care record data","authors":"Kasumi Ikuta, Sakiko Fukui","doi":"10.1016/j.aggp.2024.100009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aggp.2024.100009","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":100119,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics Plus","volume":"13 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139881271","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of multicomponent training based on RPE on functional capacity and body composition in institutionalized elderly undergoing physiotherapeutic treatment: A randomized controlled clinical trial","authors":"Ana Beatrice Carvalho ,&nbsp;Alex Silva Ribeiro ,&nbsp;Marília Leite dos Santos ,&nbsp;Eduardo Lusa Cadore ,&nbsp;Ewertton de Souza Bezerra","doi":"10.1016/j.aggp.2024.100007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aggp.2024.100007","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The aim of the current study was to verify the effects of adding multicomponent training based on the rate of perceived exertion (RPE) on physical functional capacity and body composition in institutionalized older adults undergoing physiotherapeutic treatment. Twenty-three older people (12♀) were randomly allocated in blocks, according to their classification level in the Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB), into a control group (CG, <em>n</em> = 11) and a multicomponent training group (MT, <em>n</em> = 12). The primary outcome measures were evaluated by the SPPB. Secondary outcomes were performance in the TUG test and 6-meter walking speed test, and body composition analysis. For all analyses, we used ANOVA two way with Bonferroni correction, and estimation statistics, which focus on the effect size of the experiment/intervention, as opposed to significance testing. Regarding the effect size (Cohen's D) in the intergroup analysis, the SPPB score showed a large effect favoring the multicomponent training group (<em>d</em> = 0.803 [CI 95.0 % -0.387, 1.89]; <em>p</em> = 0.0996). Similar responses were observed for the 6 m walking speed test, showing a large effect (<em>d</em>= -0.857 [CI 95.0 % - 1.53, 0.176]; <em>p</em> = 0.768), and TUG (<em>d</em>= -1.18 [CI 95.0 % -2.08, -0.206]; <em>p</em> = 0.0254. In the Body composition outcomes, the phase angle (<em>d</em> = 0.212 [CI 95.0 % -0.721. 1.17]; <em>p</em> = 0.616) and appendicular skeletal muscle mass (<em>d</em>= -0.242 [CI 95.0 % -1.15.0.659]; <em>p</em> = 0.56) showed a small effect size. The current study demonstrated that the multicomponent training program associated with the physiotherapy program produces effects that can increase SPPB scores, as well improving physiotherapy performance.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100119,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics Plus","volume":"1 1","pages":"Article 100007"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2950307824000043/pdfft?md5=fc5c771f7e27e176721803eaec966cd7&pid=1-s2.0-S2950307824000043-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139633139","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}