Cognitive-impairment-free life expectancy (CIFLE) among older adults in India: A gender and residence based study

Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics Plus Pub Date : 2025-06-19 DOI:10.1016/j.aggp.2025.100182

Madhurima Sharma, Abdul Fathah, Indrajit Goswami

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Abstract

Background

While cognitive impairment (CI) and dementia are among the most severe morbid conditions in later life, life expectancies free from CI have been much less investigated than measures of physical functioning. This study aimed to determine the health expectancies in middle aged and older adults in India, considering cognitive status as a health indicator.

Methods

We estimated Cognitive Impairment-free life expectancy (CIFLE) in India for people aged 45 and older using data from Longitudinal Ageing Study in India (LASI), 2017-18. Mortality data has been derived from the Sample Registration System (SRS), 2016-20. Sullivan’s method is used to estimate the average number of years a person can expect to live with and without cognitive impairment.

Results

The prevalence of CI among Indian adults 45 and above is 10.28 %, increasing from 4.34 % (45–49) to 47 % (85+). Higher rates in females (13.65 % vs 6.42 % in males) and rural areas (12.39 % vs 6.38 % urban). The results indicate that after attaining age 60, males are expected to live 15 more years as cognitive impairment-free, which is only 12 years for females; though life expectancy for females is higher than that of males. Older adults in rural areas are expected to have fewer cognitive impairment-free years than in urban areas.

Conclusion

Longer life does not extend cognitive health. CI reduces quality of life and increases care needs, aligning with global trends. The disparities in CI-free life expectancy between genders and rural-urban areas highlight the need for targeted interventions and policies to address cognitive health inequalities in India.

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印度老年人无认知障碍预期寿命（CIFLE）：一项基于性别和居住地的研究

虽然认知障碍（CI）和痴呆是晚年生活中最严重的疾病，但对无CI的预期寿命的研究远远少于对身体功能的研究。本研究旨在确定在印度中老年人的健康预期，考虑到认知状况作为一个健康指标。方法我们使用2017-18年印度纵向老龄化研究（LASI）的数据估计印度45岁及以上人群的无认知障碍预期寿命（CIFLE）。死亡率数据来自2016-20年样本登记系统（SRS）。沙利文的方法被用来估计一个人有或没有认知障碍的平均寿命。结果印度45岁及以上成人CI患病率为10.28 %，由4.34 %（45 - 49）上升至47 %（85+）。女性（13.65 % vs . 6.42 %）和农村地区（12.39 % vs . 6.38 %）的发病率较高。结果表明，60岁后，男性无认知障碍预期寿命为15年，而女性仅为12年；尽管女性的预期寿命高于男性。预计农村地区的老年人无认知障碍的年数将少于城市地区的老年人。结论延长寿命并不能延长认知健康。CI降低了生活质量并增加了护理需求，这与全球趋势一致。性别之间和城乡之间在无ci预期寿命方面的差异突出表明，印度需要采取有针对性的干预措施和政策，以解决认知健康方面的不平等问题。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics Plus

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