Architecture, Structures and Construction最新文献

{"title":"Integration of BIM and robotic fabrication for sustainable design and manufacturing of free-form building façade panels in off-site construction","authors":"Amirhossein Mehdipoor,&nbsp;Walid Anane,&nbsp;Sahar Mehdipoorkaloorazi,&nbsp;Ivanka Iordanova","doi":"10.1007/s44150-025-00142-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s44150-025-00142-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The construction industry faces persistent challenges related to inefficiency, high energy consumption, and environmental impacts, necessitating innovative approaches to sustainable building practices. These challenges are further amplified in off-site construction (OSC) manufacturing of free-form components like façade panels, which demand extensive coordination, labor, and time due to their complex geometries and unique designs. This research addresses these issues by integrating Building Information Modeling (BIM) and robotic fabrication to develop a parametric methodology for optimizing façade designs in OSC. The methodology incorporates generative design to evaluate and select façade solutions based on minimizing solar radiation and façade area, while adhering to energy efficiency and sustainability criteria. A mock-up case study was used to validate the approach, utilizing BIM to generate a Building Energy Model (BEM) for energy performance analysis. The findings demonstrate significant reductions in solar radiation through the selected façade designs, highlighting the methodology’s potential to improve environmental performance. By incorporating digital fabrication and robotic manufacturing, the methodology mitigates the challenges of producing free-form components, streamlining production, reducing labor intensity, and enhancing accuracy. This research contributes a scalable framework for sustainable façade design and fabrication, advancing the efficiency and adaptability of OSC workflows.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100117,"journal":{"name":"Architecture, Structures and Construction","volume":"5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s44150-025-00142-6.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143830817","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Forgotten resource, untapped potential – rediscovering Swiss natural stone as a load-bearing building material","authors":"Franziska Singer,&nbsp;Nelly Pilz,&nbsp;Elli Mosayebi","doi":"10.1007/s44150-025-00145-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s44150-025-00145-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Natural stone, recognised as one of the oldest, most resilient, and sustainable materials, has been largely overlooked in Switzerland’s transition to ecological construction methods. Current usages in architecture, often limited to facade cladding or interiors, generate considerable CO2 emissions due to intensive processing and long transport routes; however, if used in an unprocessed state, stone could achieve a markedly lower CO2 footprint. Despite its high compressive strength, only a minimal portion of the 300′000 m³ of Swiss stone extracted annually is used in load-bearing structures, with nearly 50% classified as residual waste. This research introduces two architectural strategies aimed at utilising the environmental potential of Swiss natural stone as load-bearing material. The strategies are based on observations in Swiss quarries and are introduced in this paper in four case studies, which were developed during two design studios at the ETH Zurich, Department of Architecture. The aspects extraction, processing, transportation, installation and disassembly are addressed in all four case studies. The first strategy employs large-format, minimally processed blocks, while the second incorporates residual ‘waste’. Both strategies focus on improving the efficiency of quarry operations while leveraging the ecological and aesthetic advantages of natural stone to its fullest potential.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100117,"journal":{"name":"Architecture, Structures and Construction","volume":"5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s44150-025-00145-3.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143793055","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Design, construction and assessment of FLO:RE – the prototype of a low-carbon building floor made of reused concrete elements and steel profiles","authors":"Célia Küpfer,&nbsp;Malena Bastien-Masse,&nbsp;Numa Bertola,&nbsp;Corentin Fivet","doi":"10.1007/s44150-025-00138-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s44150-025-00138-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Carefully extracting reinforced concrete (RC) elements from soon-to-be demolished structures and reusing them directly as load-bearing elements in new buildings is an emerging circular low-carbon resource-management strategy. As floor construction typically accounts for a large share of a building’s upfront carbon footprint, designing floors with reused RC elements is a promising, yet little explored, approach to lower a building’s embodied carbon. This paper presents the concept, design, construction and assessment of a new load-bearing floor system for an office building made with reused saw-cut RC pieces and reused steel profiles. The system reuses the existing properties of widely discarded construction materials – RC and steel – and is dismountable. To demonstrate the system’s technical feasibility and assess its structural and environmental performance, a 30-m² prototype – FLO:RE – is designed, built with elements reclaimed from local demolition sites, tested and finally dismantled. Reclaimed material property testing and prototype load testing confirm the structural-design safety. A Life-Cycle Assessment shows unprecedentedly low upfront embodied carbon, with results as low as 15 to 5 kgCO₂e/m², i.e., 80–94% reductions compared to conventional new RC flat slabs. This research demonstrates the untapped technical and environmental potential of reusing saw-cut RC elements in bending in structurally performant floor systems. Through this novel ultra-low-carbon solution, the study supports the efficient use of existing resources and calls for considering soon-to-be demolished RC and steel structures as potential mines of suitable quality materials ready to be reused locally.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100117,"journal":{"name":"Architecture, Structures and Construction","volume":"5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s44150-025-00138-2.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143740700","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Revisiting structural Lazo carpentry: geometry, mechanics, and construction","authors":"Wesam Al Asali,&nbsp;Ángel María Martín López,&nbsp;Robin Oval,&nbsp;Orsolya Gaspar,&nbsp;Antonio José Lara-Bocanegra,&nbsp;Almudena Majano-Majano,&nbsp;Sigrid Adriaenssens","doi":"10.1007/s44150-025-00137-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s44150-025-00137-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This paper explores the potential of traditional Spanish timber roofs as a structural system that blends framework carpentry with Islamic geometric patterns for contemporary construction. By integrating historical craftsmanship with modern engineering techniques, the research investigates solutions for spherical Lazo carpentry, where Lazo, or strapwork, designs fulfill both ornamental and structural roles. A key focus is the design, analysis, and fabrication of a four-meter-span Lazo pavilion, employing polyhedral projections to form modular spherical surfaces. Structural performance is evaluated through physical tests of materials and joints leading to an exploration of Finite Element Analysis (FEA) of the whole structure. The project also explores the construction and disassembly of the Lazo pavilion through defining the detailing of its different joints. The findings promise applications in spatial and shell structures, such as gridshells inspired by interlaced Lazo domes, providing a roadmap for designing structural Lazo discrete shells. Collaborating with architects, engineers, and master carpenters, this research enhances understanding across geometry, carpentry, structural mechanics, timber engineering, and architectural design while laying the groundwork for further exploration of this vernacular structural craft.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100117,"journal":{"name":"Architecture, Structures and Construction","volume":"5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s44150-025-00137-3.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143740701","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Main mechanical properties of recycled plastic strap fiber reinforced concrete based on destructive and non-destructive tests","authors":"Bedar Rauf Hassan,&nbsp;Hemn Unis Ahmed,&nbsp;Rabar H.Faraj,&nbsp;Rozhno Omer Mustafa,&nbsp;Bakhan Rasool,&nbsp;Sana Ari,&nbsp;Beryan Burhan","doi":"10.1007/s44150-025-00143-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s44150-025-00143-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The use of recycled strap plastic fibers, derived from industrial packaging waste, offers a sustainable approach to enhancing the mechanical properties of concrete while addressing environmental concerns. This study evaluated the effectiveness of recycled polyethylene terephthalate (PET) strap fibers, sourced from industrial packaging waste, in concrete mixes. Seven groups of specimens were prepared: one control group without fibers and six groups reinforced with fibers of aspect ratios 12.5 and 25. Each fiber-reinforced group was further divided into subgroups with volume fractions of 0.5%, 0.75%, and 1%. Mechanical properties were investigated using non-destructive tests, density measurements, and destructive tests for compressive strength, tensile strength, and modulus of elasticity. The results demonstrated that shorter fibers (aspect ratio 12.5) performed better than longer ones in enhancing mechanical properties, with 0.75% fiber volume fraction identified as optimal. Improvements of approximately 35%, 16%, and 26% were observed in compressive strength, splitting tensile strength, and flexural strength, respectively.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100117,"journal":{"name":"Architecture, Structures and Construction","volume":"5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143726691","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Aerial photogrammetry for monitoring construction pathologies using pixel-based fuzzy logic, case study: Igrejinha da Pampulha","authors":"Tiago de Castro Hardy,&nbsp;Willi de Barros Gonçalves,&nbsp;Yacy-ara Froner","doi":"10.1007/s44150-025-00144-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s44150-025-00144-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This article presents part of the master’s dissertation submitted to the Graduate Program in Built Environment and Sustainable Heritage (PPGACPS) at the School of Architecture of the Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG), Brazil. The article discusses the state of the art in scientific documentation of architectural heritage and the Heritage Building Information Modelling (HBIM) methodology applied to damage monitoring. The presented study aims to investigate an approach for using RPA (Remotely Piloted Aircraft) as a tool for scientific documentation, in mapping, monitoring, and conservation diagnosis protocols for architectural cultural heritage. The case study involves monitoring a crack located on the roof of the Church of São Francisco de Assis, better known as “Igrejinha da Pampulha,” an iconic work of modern Brazilian architecture, located in Belo Horizonte, MG. The method involved photogrammetry techniques performed with RPA, analysis of digital images through binarization techniques and pixel recognition in Raster images. It concludes that the methodology can be effective for damage monitoring on larger scales. In the case study, the Ground Sampling Distance (GSD) ratio generated a 2 × 2 cm pixel, resulting in an error of two square centimeters in crack monitoring through matrix data analysis, which can be altered with a higher resolution camera and a lower flight height. The main result is a methodological proposal for monitoring cracks in the dome of the studied building. The main conclusion is that the methodology is effective, especially when applied to large-scale objects, such as dam monitoring. It is recommended that in future inspections, if the same equipment is used, the flight should be conducted at a shorter distance from the object of study. The study demonstrates the potential of digital surveying performed by RPA as well as the HBIM methodology as a form of documentation, extroversion, and management of architectural cultural heritage.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100117,"journal":{"name":"Architecture, Structures and Construction","volume":"5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s44150-025-00144-4.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143706930","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Implementing industrial and agricultural waste materials to produce green concrete: a step towards sustainable construction","authors":"Najmadeen Mohammed Saeed,&nbsp;Hogr Zainaddeen Hassan","doi":"10.1007/s44150-025-00139-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s44150-025-00139-1","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Concrete manufacturing heavily depletes natural resources, posing serious environmental challenges. At the same time, vast amounts of global waste are growing increasingly harmful to ecosystems. Recently, construction experts have sought to produce “green” concrete by incorporating agricultural and industrial waste, aiming to reduce the sector’s substantial environmental impact. Cement production, in particular, is an energy-intensive process involving high-temperature chemical transformations that bind raw materials. Replacing Portland cement with industrial waste can reduce environmental damage and foster social, economic, and ecological benefits, all crucial for sustainable growth. Moreover, the extraction of aggregates—mainly sand and gravel—accelerates erosion in river deltas and coastal areas, impacting marine and riverine habitats. Using alternative materials and substitutes can mitigate these effects, supporting ethical construction practices that lessen environmental strain. This review compiles 100 scholarly studies on waste-based concrete, categorizing 70 as using industrial materials and 30 as using agricultural resources. The findings evaluate waste material effects on concrete’s density, tensile strength, flexural strength, compressive strength, durability and slump workability. Results indicate that different types of waste influence these properties uniquely, suggesting a nuanced approach to green concrete development based on material type.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100117,"journal":{"name":"Architecture, Structures and Construction","volume":"5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143638288","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of steel dust waste incorporation on the mechanical properties of concrete","authors":"Najmadeen Mohammed Saeed,&nbsp;Barham Haidar Ali,&nbsp;Sarchil Faisal Khidir,&nbsp;Ahmed Salman Kareem,&nbsp;Brusk Sasan Ahmed,&nbsp;Ibrahim Zahir Khalid,&nbsp;Hogr Zainaddeen Hassan","doi":"10.1007/s44150-025-00140-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s44150-025-00140-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Modernization, which encompasses population growth, urbanization, and economic expansion, has caused extensive environmental degradation and resource depletion. Riverbeds provide natural sand, which is a typical supply of fine aggregate used in concrete making. The removal of river sands has had negative effects on the ecosystem. Steel dust is a fine substance that may be used in place of fine aggregate principally because of its comparable particle sizes. This research investigates the impact of adding wasted steel dust on concrete’s mechanical behaviour by partially replacing sand in different percentages (0%, 3%, 6%, 9%, 12%, and 15%). The water-to-cement ratio of 0.45 was used in this study. Overall, 54 concrete samples were prepared, 18 cubes (150 mm × 150 mm × 150 mm) for the compressive strength test, 18 cylinders (100 mm diameter × 200 mm height) for tensile strength, and 18 prisms (100 mm depth × 100 mm width × 500 mm length). Then tests were made for all samples to observe the strength and crack behaviour of concrete. It was found that the workability of fresh concrete decreased while the density of hardened concrete increased with steel dust replacements. Also, adding steel dust to concrete generally increases strength. The optimum value was observed in concrete containing 9% steel dust in compressive and flexural strength. An optimum value is found in concrete containing 15% steel dust for tensile strength.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100117,"journal":{"name":"Architecture, Structures and Construction","volume":"5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143602247","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cartography of industrial heritage. Transformation and future of dismissed industries in the eastern zone of Lisbon","authors":"Laura Pomesano,&nbsp;Roberto Falanga","doi":"10.1007/s44150-024-00124-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s44150-024-00124-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study examines the transformation of disused industrial heritage in the eastern area of Lisbon, specifically within the districts of Marvila and Beato, focusing on the dynamics of urban regeneration following deindustrialisation. The research highlights how, in a context characterised—similarly to other Southern European countries—by late-stage deindustrialisation, the industrial legacy of these areas has predominantly been repurposed to accommodate activities associated with the creative and cultural sectors. Using a tripartite methodology comprising a literature review, Geographic Information System (GIS) mapping, and industrial heritage characterisation through direct observation, alongside engagement with the ROCK (Regeneration and Optimisation of Cultural Heritage in Creative and Knowledge Cities) project, the study identified and characterised twelve former factories. Of these, nine have primarily been converted for artistic and cultural use, while two remain abandoned, emphasising the lack of significant public intervention. The article addresses the risks of gentrification and the increasing privatisation of industrial sites, raising concerns about preserving the identity and collective memory of these spaces. It underscores the need for integrated policies to ensure the protection and sustainable management of these sites. The article concludes with reflections on future prospects for safeguarding industrial heritage in urban contexts.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100117,"journal":{"name":"Architecture, Structures and Construction","volume":"5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143581245","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identifying challenges for extended design for manufacturing and assembly (DfMA) in all phases of a construction project","authors":"Sadaf Montazeri,&nbsp;Amirhossein Mehdipoor,&nbsp;Sara Rankohi,&nbsp;Ivanka Iordanova","doi":"10.1007/s44150-025-00135-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s44150-025-00135-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Design for Manufacturing and Assembly is recognized for its potential to improve productivity in the construction industry, particularly in off-site construction. However, a misconception persists that design for manufacturing and assembly is only applicable to off-site construction, while not all projects are suitable for full off-site construction adoption; they can still benefit from this methodology. In this context, \"on-site construction\" refers to work completed on-site in off-site construction projects or on-site projects using specific construction methods. As the adoption of design for manufacturing and assembly increases, it is crucial to identify challenges associated with its implementation in various construction phases. This article aims to identify, verify, and analyze the challenges to the adoption of design for manufacturing and assembly with a focus on the on-site parts of the construction. A mixed-method approach, including a comprehensive literature review and expert interviews, was used. Data was analyzed using NVivo 14 Pro and prioritized using the mean score analysis and weighting function. The study validated 42 challenges, categorized into 9 key areas, with the top three being economic and financial, technological, and legal-contractual challenges. They formed the basis for developing a conceptual framework representing design for manufacturing and assembly-related challenges. By exploring the barriers to the adoption of this methodology in both off-site and on-site construction, this article aims to contribute to construction management knowledge and provide insights for industry professionals, researchers, and policymakers on how to overcome these challenges and enhance productivity, sustainability, and competitiveness in construction projects.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100117,"journal":{"name":"Architecture, Structures and Construction","volume":"5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143554070","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}