Architecture, Structures and Construction最新文献

{"title":"A comprehensive review of the features of self-compacting rubberized concrete in the fresh and hardened states","authors":"Md. Toriqule Islam,&nbsp;Kamrul Hasan,&nbsp;Zaied Bin Khalid,&nbsp;Fadzil Mat Yahaya","doi":"10.1007/s44150-022-00067-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s44150-022-00067-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h2>Abstract\u0000</h2><div><p>The rapid growth of urbanization and revolutionary improvement in the transportation industry paves the way for boosting tire production and generating a massive amount of waste tires every year. Waste tire disposal and proper maintenance have become a global concern because of the harmful chemical composition that conveys the potential to create an ecological imbalance that jeopardizes the world. One of the most powerful options is to ease the global problem by using recycled waste tires in the construction sector, especially in self-compacting concrete (SSC), as partial substitutes for natural aggregates, which lessens natural resource usage and eventually increases the long-term growth of economic efficiency in the construction industry. This study summarizes, compares, and draws general conclusions from over 100 independent studies in terms of the fresh and hardened state properties of rubberized concrete (RuC) to highlight and confirm the critical characteristics of the material. The results show that concrete containing crumb rubber (CR) reduces fresh and mechanical properties, where the inclusion of supplementary cement materials (SCM) such as slags, Metakaolin, and various fibers, such as steel fibers, synthetic fibers, and pre-treatment of rubber aggregates (RA) can successively enhance the fresh and hardened properties of self-compacting rubberized concrete (SCRC). Moreover, the inclusion of waste tires as partial replacement of natural aggregates of varying levels and their positive and negative impact on SCRC’s fresh and hardened properties have been reviewed.</p></div></div>","PeriodicalId":100117,"journal":{"name":"Architecture, Structures and Construction","volume":"3 1","pages":"41 - 63"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50010516","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Robotic on-site adaptive thin-layer printing: Challenges and workflow for design and fabrication of bespoke cementitious plasterwork at full architectural scale","authors":"Selen Ercan Jenny,&nbsp;Daniela Mitterberger,&nbsp;Ena Lloret-Fritschi,&nbsp;Lauren Vasey,&nbsp;Eliott Sounigo,&nbsp;Ping-Hsun Tsai,&nbsp;Petrus Aejmelaeus-Lindström,&nbsp;David Jenny,&nbsp;Fabio Gramazio,&nbsp;Matthias Kohler","doi":"10.1007/s44150-022-00062-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s44150-022-00062-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This paper describes the 1:1 scale application of Robotic Plaster Spraying (<i>RPS</i>), a novel, adaptive thin-layer printing technique, using cementitious base coat plaster, realized in a construction setting. In this technique, the print layers are vertical unlike most <i>3DCP</i> processes. The goal is to explore the applicability and scalability of this spray-based printing technique. In this study, <i>RPS</i> is combined with an augmented interactive design setup, the Interactive Robotic Plastering (<i>IRoP</i>), which allows users to design directly on the construction site, taking the building structure, as-built state of the on-going fabrication and the material behavior into consideration. The experimental setup is an on-site robotic system that consists of a robotic arm mounted on a semi-mobile vertical axis with an integrated, automated pumping and adaptive spraying setup that is equipped with a depth camera. The user interaction is enabled by a controller-based interaction system, interactive design tools, and an augmented reality interface. The paper presents the challenges and the workflow that is needed to work with a complex material system on-site to produce bespoke plasterwork. The workflow includes an interactive design procedure, localization on-site, process control and a data collection method that enables predicting the behavior of complex-to-simulate cementitious material. The results demonstrate the applicability and scalability of the adaptive thin-layer printing technique and address the challenges, such as maintaining material continuity and working with unpredictable material behavior during the fabrication process.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100117,"journal":{"name":"Architecture, Structures and Construction","volume":"3 2","pages":"145 - 156"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s44150-022-00062-9.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50000458","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Experimental investigation of crude oil contaminated soil for sustainable concrete production","authors":"Gregory C. Ezeokpube,&nbsp;George U. Alaneme,&nbsp;Imoh Christopher Attah,&nbsp;Iberedem M. Udousoro,&nbsp;Daniel Nwogbo","doi":"10.1007/s44150-022-00069-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s44150-022-00069-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Contaminated soil materials are often unsuitable for engineering construction works due to high content of impurities which inhibits development of mechanical strength and durability properties. This study was therefore necessary to make available empirical evidence revealing the consequences of crude petroleum pollution on the mechanical characteristics of materials made of concrete and determine its effect on civil engineering works. The study involved collection of contaminated soil sample from the Kolomani oil-well in Bauchi State, Nigeria and laboratory evaluation performed to evaluate the engineering possessions of concrete formed from contaminated soil sample. A calculated ingredient at a proportion of water to cement (W/C) set at 0.5, a mix proportion of 1:1.8:2.7 was used with the fine aggregate content replaced partially with crude oil contaminated soil materials (COCM) from 0–40%. The obtained laboratory results showed rise in compressive strength property as COCM fraction increases with the optimal response of 16.36 N/mm² derived at 20% replacement. The experimental results was further subjected to statistical analysis using one-way ANOVA and F-statistics to test the source of variation for the geotechnical properties. Multiple Linear Regression (MLR) and correlation statistics were then used to establish relationship between mix ratios and the geotechnical properties. The results signifies good performance with R-squared of 82.81. The benefits derived from this work would enhance production of sustainable concrete works which can be applicable in large scale for tile production.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100117,"journal":{"name":"Architecture, Structures and Construction","volume":"2 3","pages":"349 - 364"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50104162","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Calibration of safety factors for prestressed stayed steel columns","authors":"Peter Hyman,&nbsp;Srinivas Sriramula,&nbsp;Adelaja I. Osofero","doi":"10.1007/s44150-022-00066-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s44150-022-00066-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Previous studies have investigated the behaviour of prestressed stayed steel columns with a view to developing design guidelines. As most of the modern standards move towards calibrated safety factors, there is a need to explore the design expectations of these structures from a probabilistic perspective. This has not been studied in the literature till now, perhaps due to lack of clarity on underlying uncertainties, failure models and reliability levels. In this paper, the relevant reliability levels were studied to highlight the critical modes for such structures. A sensitivity analysis was performed on the random variables to investigate their impact on the model output. The reliability levels found through appropriate analysis were then compared with target reliabilities to calibrate partial safety factors to be used in the design of these structures. A range of safety factor values were found depending on the conditions adopted in the calibration and target reliability studies.\u0000</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100117,"journal":{"name":"Architecture, Structures and Construction","volume":"2 3","pages":"365 - 380"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s44150-022-00066-5.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50043660","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigating key factors influencing decision-making in the design of buildings and places: A survey of stakeholders’ perception","authors":"Avgousta Stanitsa,&nbsp;Stephen H. Hallett,&nbsp;Simon Jude","doi":"10.1007/s44150-022-00058-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s44150-022-00058-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Despite the impact of decision-making in the design of buildings and places, there is limited understanding concerning how decisions are best made, or how these should be evaluated and optimised. Additionally, technological advancements have increased human-to-machine interactions, altering existing decision-making processes. By understanding how novel technologies affect decisions, it motivates the development of the process, tools, and metrics. The aim of this paper is to investigate, quantify, and rank the relative importance of the decision-making factors contributing to the design of building and urban projects. A survey was conducted to gain an insight of stakeholders’ perceptions as to which are the influencing factors affecting decision-making processes in the design of buildings and places. Ten distinct factors were generated , of which, four were ranked as highly important for all stakeholder types, namely: Potential for Dynamic Operation, Thoroughness, Recency of Tools and Control. This study provides a new means to evaluate performance of decision-making processes, when these are undertaken, by developing and applying a quantitative data-driven, evidence-based methodological framework. The recipients of the findings will be the urban planners, designers, and academics who are interested in improving existing approaches in design and final decision outcomes utilising novel technologies.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100117,"journal":{"name":"Architecture, Structures and Construction","volume":"2 3","pages":"381 - 401"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s44150-022-00058-5.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50033656","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction: The Striatus bridge","authors":"Shajay Bhooshan,&nbsp;Vishu Bhooshan,&nbsp;Alessandro Dell’Endice,&nbsp;Jianfei Chu,&nbsp;Philip Singer,&nbsp;Johannes Megens,&nbsp;Tom Van Mele,&nbsp;Philippe Block","doi":"10.1007/s44150-022-00064-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s44150-022-00064-7","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":100117,"journal":{"name":"Architecture, Structures and Construction","volume":"2 3","pages":"465 - 465"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s44150-022-00064-7.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50007690","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Current approaches for preventing environment-associated contamination in healthcare facilities: a systematic literature review by open access database","authors":"Vitória Sanches Lemes Soares,&nbsp;Sheila Walbe Ornstein,&nbsp;Ana Judite Galbiatti Limongi França","doi":"10.1007/s44150-022-00063-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s44150-022-00063-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h2>Abstract\u0000</h2><div><p>This article presents a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) whose objective is to identify aspects related to the built environment of Emergency Rooms (ERs) and healthcare facilities that interfere with infection by respiratory diseases. The SLR presented is a relevant part of ongoing research dedicated to discussing the built environment’s role on contamination, considering the COVID-19 pandemic scenario and the ER of the University Hospital of the University of São Paulo (USP), sited in São Paulo city, Brazil, as a case study. The results of this SLR showed that the main aspects discussed in the selected articles are: Heating, Ventilation, and Air Conditioning (HVAC) systems; disinfection and hygiene; layout and spatial organisation; air curtain and air purification; natural ventilation; door opening; and surface material. As major findings, the importance of properly designed mechanical ventilation systems and of the parameters’ control for the maintenance of Indoor Air Quality (IAQ) are highlighted. In addition, the existence of isolation rooms; periodic assessments based on guides and protocols; self-sanitising materials surfaces; and environmental design strategies are presented, together with the development of technologies, often incorporated into hospital furniture. Thus, as contribution, the article highlights the importance of the association of several measures related to the performance of the built environment to minimise respiratory infections in healthcare environments. As a limit of this research, only open access articles and reviews from 2017 to 2021 were considered, so that the article reveals trends in this field of study, not covering the entirety of content.</p></div></div>","PeriodicalId":100117,"journal":{"name":"Architecture, Structures and Construction","volume":"2 3","pages":"439 - 453"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49995787","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Air quality and thermal comfort management for energy-efficient large public buildings","authors":"Pradnya Gaonkar,&nbsp;Amudheesan Nakkeeran,&nbsp;Jyotsna Bapat,&nbsp;Debabrata Das","doi":"10.1007/s44150-022-00059-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s44150-022-00059-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Maximizing indoor comfort while minimizing energy costs has been a challenging problem for building management systems. This problem is significantly exacerbated for large public buildings with varying occupancy levels. A practical approach to measure occupants’ comfort has been to evaluate the indoor thermal comfort using Fanger’s Predictive Mean Vote (PMV) model, parameterized by the ambient temperature and Relative Humidity (RH). Such an approach is, however, one dimensional and does not consider other possible sources of discomfort like indoor air quality. Interestingly, the ambient temperature and RH, in addition to thermal comfort, also influence the amount of emissions from indoor furnishings, which is a prime source of indoor air quality degradation. Taking this into account, in this paper, we adapt the definition of comfort to include indoor air quality as well. Since occupancy levels, occupants’ activities and outdoor temperature vary with time, one way to achieve desired comfort goals is to continuously adapt the settings of Heating, Ventilation, and Air Conditioning (HVAC) units in buildings. Such a continuous adaptation results in significant energy costs, especially in geographical locations where outdoor temperatures can be significantly higher/lower than desired indoor temperatures. In this context, we propose a location-aware multi-objective optimization model for indoor comfort and energy cost management. We combine conflicting objectives—improving air quality and thermal comforts, and minimizing energy cost—to determine cost-driven, comfort-driven and Pareto optimal solutions using Multi-Objective Genetic Algorithm (MOGA). The proposed model is envisioned to enable building operators to determine suitable temperature and RH as per occupants’ requirement. The solution can be personalized based on the building structure and macro- and micro-location parameters. To ease configuration and customization of our model based on building- and geography-specific settings, we also present a MATLAB-based GUI that operators can leverage to understand the comfort-cost trade-off for buildings.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100117,"journal":{"name":"Architecture, Structures and Construction","volume":"3 1","pages":"25 - 40"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50102665","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Two-stage method based on the you only look once framework and image segmentation for crack detection in concrete structures","authors":"Mayank Mishra,&nbsp;Vipul Jain,&nbsp;Saurabh Kumar Singh,&nbsp;Damodar Maity","doi":"10.1007/s44150-022-00060-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s44150-022-00060-x","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Detecting the presence of cracks and identifying their severity are crucial tasks for determining the structural health of a concrete building. In this study, we develop a two-stage automated method based on the You Only Look Once (YOLOv5) deep learning framework for the identification, localization, and quantification of cracks in the concrete structures. In the first stage, cracks are identified and localized using bounding boxes, while in the second stage, the length of cracks and, therefore, the damage severity are determined. The developed deep learning model is trained using 4500 annotated images from a total of 40000 images of size 227 × 227 pixel, which are obtained from an open-source dataset collected at various campus buildings of Middle East Technical University (METU). The concept of transfer learning (i.e., pre-trained weights) is used for the training, which drastically reduces the training time. The detection and localization accuracy of this model is measured in terms of the average precision, average recall, and F1-score. The YOLOv5 model achieves the mean average precision (mAP_0.5) of 95.02<i>%</i>. A ResNet model is also developed just to capture the supremacy of the YOLOv5 model. The proposed method can help in identifying structural anomalies through real-time monitoring that must be urgently repaired and thus can be used in high-quality civil infrastructure monitoring systems.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100117,"journal":{"name":"Architecture, Structures and Construction","volume":"3 4","pages":"429 - 446"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81714336","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhancing fire resistance of reinforced concrete beams through sacrificial reinforcement","authors":"Haley Hostetter,&nbsp;M. Z. Naser,&nbsp;Rami A. Hawileh,&nbsp;Ghada Karaki,&nbsp;Huanting Zhou","doi":"10.1007/s44150-022-00061-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s44150-022-00061-w","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Due to the superior properties of concrete, structural members made of concrete often satisfy fire requirements specified in codes and standards without special installations or the use of external insulation. A closer examination into fire codal provisions shows that they are primarily founded for new constructions or that which does not suffer from aging or in-service trauma; such as cracking, reinforcement corrosion, creep, etc., all of which can adversely affect the structural response of concrete structures, especially under fire conditions. In order to enhance the fire resistance of concrete structures, this paper presents insights into simple and cost-effective solutions by utilizing sacrificial layer(s) of reinforcement. These solutions capitalize on the natural synergy between reinforcement and concrete and have the potential to mitigate fire-induced cracking and the development of fire-induced large deformation, thereby extending the fire resistance of reinforced concrete beams. The validity and applicability of the proposed concepts are highlighted through a highly complex three-dimensional thermo-mechanical nonlinear-based finite element model. This model was utilized in a series of parametric studies to examine critical parameters influencing the fire response of concrete beams reinforced with steel and fiber-reinforced polymer reinforcement. These parameters include sacrificial reinforcement scheme, size, and material type. It was concluded that the use of sacrificial reinforcement could be beneficial for mitigation purposes or as a repair solution for postfire events.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100117,"journal":{"name":"Architecture, Structures and Construction","volume":"2 2","pages":"311 - 322"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50014790","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}